AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD. Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns ASME B16.28-1994 (REVISION OF ASME/ANS! 816.28-1986) KS} The American Society of Mechanical Engineers 345 East 47th Street, New York, N.Y. 10017Date of lseuance: Novembar 30, 1904 ‘The 1994 edition of this Standard is being issued with an automatic addenda ‘subsoription service. The use of en eddende allows revisions made in re- ‘sponse to public review comments or committee actions to be published as necessary; revisions published in addenda will become effective 6 months after the Date of Issuance of the addenda, The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 1999, ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Standard. The interpretations will be included with the above addenda service. Interpretations are not part of the addenda to the Standard. ASME le the rogistorad trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ‘This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for ‘Amecioan Nationol Standards, The Consonasa Comite that approved the code or wiandard ‘was belsnced to assure tht individuals from competent and concerned interest have had an ‘opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made avaliable for public review ‘and comment which provides a opportunity for addtional public input from Industry, xcadaria, regulatory agencies, and the publicatierge, ASME does not “approve,” “ate,” or “endorse” any tam, conetruction, proprietary device, or actviy, "ASME does nat take any pouon with reapest Ww the validity of any pant rights assorid tn connection with any fama mentioned in this document, and dows not undariake to inaure anyone tling a standerd again: liabity for infringement of any applicable Letors Pater, nor assume ‘any such lability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advieed that determination of the ‘validity of any euch patent rights, and the Fak of intingement of such right, is entirely thelr own reaponsibilty. Participation by federal egency representativote) or persone) effete with Industry Ie not to be interpreted es government or industry endorsemert ofthis code or standard. ‘ASME nocepts responsibilty for only those interpretations sued In eccordance with governing ASME procedures and poliios which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individual vole ‘ontoors. No part of thie document may be reproduced in any form, inn electronic retieval system or otverwise, ‘without the prior wet pormission of the publisher. Copyright © 1964 by ‘THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERE, ‘Al Rights Reserved Printed in USA.FOREWORD (This Foreword not part of ASME 816.26-1994,) Im 1921, the American Engineering Standards Committee, later American Standards Association (ASA), organized Sectional Committee B16 to unify and further develop national standards for pipe flanges and fitings (and, later, for valves, gaskets, and valve actuators). Cosponsots of the B15 Committee were the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), the Heating and Piping Contractors National Association [naw ‘Mechanical Contractors Association of America (MCAA)], and the Manufacturers ‘Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry (MSS). Cosponsors were later designated as cosecretariat organizations, Tn 1950, recognizing the increasing use of chort radius buttwelding fittings not covered by ASA B169-1958, MSS developed Standard Practice SP-59. In 1963, this Standard was submitted to Subcommittee 6 (now Subcommittee F), the B16 group re- sponsible for welded fittings, for consideration as a candidate American Standard, Fol- lowing approval by the Committee, cosponsors, and ASA, the standard was published as ASA B16.28-1964. In 1969, review of the document indicated that no changes were necessary. After reorganization of ASA, first a5 the United States of America Standards Institute (USASN), then as the American National Standards Institute (ANSD), with the Sectional (Committee being redesignated as an American National Standards Committee, the reaf- firmation was approved and published as ANSI B16.28-1964 (R1972). Subcommittee F then began a major revision to bring the standard up to date with current practice and ‘usage. Metric dimensional equivalents were also added. Following Standards Committee, cosecretariat, and ANSI approval, the revision was published as ANSI B16.28-1978. In 1982, American National Standards Committee B16 was reorganized as an ASME Committee operating under procedures accredited by ANSI. In the 1986 edition, ‘he temt was revised and inch dimensions were established as the standard. Following approval by the Standards Committee and ASME, spproval ex an American National ‘Standard was given by ANSI on November 12, 1986, with the new desigoation ASME/ ANSI B16.28-1986. Commencing in 1991, the subcommittee reviewed the document and made a number of revisions. The 80% factor used in the computed proof test pressure in eavlicr B16.28 editions was changed to 100% in this 1994 edition. After public review and approval by ASME, this edition was approved by ANSI on October 10, 1994, ‘Requests for interpretation or suggestions for revision should be sent to the Secretary, ‘B16 Committee, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, United Engineering Center, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.ASME B16 COMMITTEE ‘Standardization of Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Gaskets {The following isthe roster of the Commitee 8 the time of approval of thie Standard) OFFICERS W.N, MeLean, Chairman ALA Schmidt, Vice Cheinman ‘i Yarmuth, Secretary COMMITTEE PERSONNEL W.L. Balls, Columbie Gae Diatbution Co. Columbus, Ohio 4. E. Batey, Union Carbide Corp., South Charleston, West Virginis, KC M. Bell, Underwriters Laboratories, Ine, Norbrook,Ilnoie LR. Brodin, Fisher Control Internationa, Ine, Macchaltown, lows ‘A. Cohen, Copper Development Association, New Yark, New Vork W. C. Farell, Jr Consukant, Birmingham, Alsbeme C.E Floren, Muller Co., Decatur, tnole 1. R. Frikken, Monsanto Co, St Louis, Missouri M.W. Gailand, Frick Co., Waynesboro, Pennsylvania J.B Hagan, ABS Ameriens, New Orieene, Louitians 44.6. Inch, Mueller Brass Co., Hersvile, Tennessee G.A. Jolly, Henry Vogt Machine Co., Louise, Kentucky |W. G. Knecht, AnchoriDarling Valve Co, Willamepor. Panneyivania, R. Kosstar, The Wiliam Powell Co. Cincinnati, Ohio LH. McCauley, Je, James H. MeCauley In, Chicago, Winoie W. N.MeLean, Newco Vales, Patos Par, Ilinoie AF. Rhodes, Coneultant, Houston, Texas F.C. Roseh, Jr. Technicon Enterpsises, inc, Lancaster, Panneyvania ‘S.A. Rowand, US. Cosst Guard, Washington, D.C. FLA. Schmidt Ladiah Co, Russallulla, Areas WM, Stephan, Fiexitalic, Inc, Pennsauken, Now Jersey T.F, Stroud, Ductie Iron Pipe Research Association, Birmingham, Alabama LE, White, Repairs, Inc., South Band, inciona A. Willams, Southern Company Services, Birminghem, Alsbama ‘J Yarmuah, ASME, New York, New York PERSONNEL OF SUBCOMMITTEE F — STEEL THREADED AND WELDING FITTINGS: @. A. Joly. Chairman, Harry Vogt Machine Co, Louievile, Kentucky U. D'Urso, Sacratary, ASME, New York, New York PAL Benavides, Tube Forgings of America, Inc. Portand, Orepen G. Cuceio. Capitol Manufacturing Co., rowley, Lousiana D.R. Frltken, Monsanto Co,, St. Lovie, MiaeouriR.E. Johnsen, Flowtine Corp. New Caste, Pennsyivanis .G, Lafferty, Penne Mechine Works, Ine, Chester, Penneylvanie D.H. Monroe, Consutan, Birmingham, Alabama DLW. Mul, Cenvl Limited, Skneoe, Onarie, Cd R.A. Schmidt, Ladish Co., Russellville, Arkansas LA Wills, Dow Chemica! Co, Froepor, TexasCONTENTS Foreword eee Standards Committee Roster SCOPE ssersseecrere Design and Pressure Ratings . Size Fittings Dimensions End Preparation Production Tests ...... Design Proof Tests .... Tolerances «+... Figure 1) Welding Bevel and Rust Face for Fitting Tables 1 Tolerances -ssessseee 2 Dimensions of Short Radius Elbows . 3 Dimensions of Short Radius 180 deg Returns ‘Annexes ‘A. Metric (SI) Tables . B References Pree rerens aon‘ASME B16.28-1994 WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS 1 SCOPE 1.1 General ‘This Standard covers ratings, overall dimensions, testing, tolerances, and markings for wrought carbon and alloy steel buttwelding short radius elbows and retums. The term wrought denotes fittings made of pipe, tubing, plate, or forgings. 11.2 Fabrieated Fittings Fabricated fittings employing intersection welds are not covered by this Standard. Design of such fit- tings is covered in the ASME B31, Code for Pressure Piping or the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. 1.3 References 1.3.1 Referenced Standards. Standards and spec- ifications adopted by reference in this Standard are shown in Annex B, which is part of this Standard, It isnot considered practical to identify the specific edi- tion of each standard and specification in the indi- vidual references. Instead the specific edition reference is identified in Annex B. A product made in conformance with a prior edition of reference standards end in all other respects conforming to this ‘Standard will be considered to be in conformance. 1.3.2 Codes and Regulations, A fitting used un- der the jurisdiction of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, the ASME Code for Pressure Pi or a governmental regulation is subject to any tation of that code or regulation. This includes maximum temperature limitation or rule governing the use of a material at low temperature. 14 Service Conditions Criteria for selection of fitting types and materials suitable for particular fluid service are not within the scope of this Standard. 1.5 Welding Installation welding requirements are outside the scope of this Standard. Installation welding shall be done in accordance with the applicable piping code cr regulation covering the piping system into which the fittings are installed. 2 DESIGN AND PRESSURE RATINGS 2.1 Design of Fittings ‘The design of the fittings shall be established by ‘mathematical method analysis contained in nation~ ally recognized pressure vessel or piping codes or at ‘the manufacturer’s option by proof testing in acoord- ance with Section 9 of this Standard. In order to meet design requirements, its expected that some portion ‘of formed fittings may have to be thicker than the pipe wall with which the fitting is intended to be sed. 2.2 Basis of Ratings The allowable pressure ratings for fittings designed in accordance with this Standard shell be as for straight seamless pipe of equivalent size and material [nominal pipe size (NPS), wall thickness or schedule mumber, and including @ comparison of chemical ‘composition and mechanical properties of the re- spective material specification}. 2.8 Record Maintenance Records of mathematical enalysis and/or success- ful proof test data shall be available at the manufac- turer's facility for inspection by the purchaser. Certified copies of this data shal! be made available to the purchaser upon agreement with the manufac- turer, 3 SIZE The sizes of fittings in Tables 1, 2, and 3 are iden- tified by the corresponding NPS as defined in ANSI/ ASME B36.10M.ASME B16.29-1904 4 MARKING 4.1 Standard Marking (See Note} Each fitting shall be permanently marked to show the following: (q) manufacturer's name or trademark; (6) material grade and class (ASTM or ASME grade symbol) and the heat number or manufactur ‘e's heat identification; () conformance to this Standard, designated by the prefix “WP” in the grade symbol marking; (2) schedule mumber or nominal wall thickness designation; (c) NPS. NOTE: The pressure rating of the fiting is represented by the NPS, wall thiknest (or schedule number), and materia) marked cn te fsig. (See pera. 22) 42 Exceptions Where the size of the fiting does not permit com- plete marking, the identification marks may be omit- fed in reverse of the order presented above. 43 Depth of Stamping Where stect stamps are used, they shall be low stress and care should be taken so that the marking is not deep enough or sharp enough to cause cracks fr to reduce the wall thickness of the fitting below the design minimum allowed. 5 MATERIAL ‘Wrought fittings covered by this Standard shall be. in accordance with ASTM A 234, A 403, A 420, or the corresponding ASME Boller and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II specification. 6 FITTINGS DIMENSIONS ‘This Standard provides for a fixed position for the ‘welding ends with reference to either the center lime of the fittings or the overall dimensions. Dimensional standards for these fittings are found in Tables 2, 3, AQ, and A3. ‘The surface contour shall be essentially a segment of a tonus that may be terminated in tangents. 7 END PREPARATION Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, weld- ing ends shall be in accordance with ASME B16.25. WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING ‘SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS For convenience, these welding ends are shown in Fig. 1 for fittings with wall thicknesses equal to that (of the pipe to which they will be welded for use with- out a backing ring, Unless otherwise specitied, fit- tings are furnished with welding ends for use without ‘backing rings for the pipe wall thickness specified, ‘8 PRODUCTION TESTS Hydrostatic testing of wrought fittings is not re- ‘quired by this Standard. All fittings shall be capable of withstanding, without leakage, a hydrostatic test pressure required by the applicable code for seamless pipe equivalent to the NFS, wall thickness, and ma- terial grade marked on the fitting. 9 DESIGN PROOF TESTS 9.1 Required Tests Proof tests shall be made as set forth herein when ‘the manufacturer chooses proof testing to qualify the fitting design. Unless otherwise agreed upon between ‘manuitacturer and purchaser, the only required type of proof test is a bursting strength test. Proof tests conducted prior to the issuance of this edition of this Stendard, which meet the require- ‘ments of this edition, are acceptable. 9.2 Test Assembly 9.2.1 Representative Fittings. Fittings that are representative of production and selected for test shall be identified as to material, grade, and lot, in- cluding heat treatment. They shall be inspected for dimensional compliance to this Standard. 9.2.2 Other Components. Straight seamless or welded pipe sections whose calculated bursting strength is at least as great as the proof test pressure as calculated in para. 9.3 shall be welded to each end of the fitting to be tested. Any internal mis- alignment greater than 0.06 in, (1.6 mm) shall be reduced by taper boring at a slope not over 1:3. The ‘minimum length of pipe sections for closures shall be as follows: (a) one pipe outside diameter for NPS 14 and smaller; (®) one-half pipe outside diameter for NPS greater then 14.WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING ‘SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS. 9.3 Test Procedure and Acceptance Standard Test uid shall be water or other liquid used for hydrostatic testing. Hydrostatic pressure shall be ap- plied to the assembly. ‘The proof test requirements are met when assem- bly withstands, without rupture, 105% of the com- puted proof test pressure defined below. 28 rep where P = computed proof test pressure S = actual ultimate tensile strength of the test fitting determined on a specimen taken from the fitting or representative of the test fitting. The test fitting shall meet all re- para. 5. 4 = nominal pipe wall thickness of the pipe that the fitting marking identifies D = specified outside diameter of pipe that the fitting marking identifies 9.4 Applicability of Results eis not necessary to conduct an individual test of fittings with all combinations of sizes, wall thick- nesses, and materials, A proof test meeting the re- ‘quirements of para, 9.3 on one representative fitting ‘may represent other fittings of the same type to the ‘extent described below. ASME B16.26-1994 9.4.1 Size Range, One test fitting may be used to qualify similarly proportioned fitings with an [NPS range from one-half to twice that for the tested fitting 9.4.2 Thickness Range. One est fitting may be ‘used to gualify similarly proportioned fittings with ‘uD ranges from one-half to three times that for the tested fitting, 4.3 Material Grades. The pressure retaining ca- pacity of a geometrically identical fitting made of var- ious grades of steel will be directly proportional to the tensile properties of the various grades. There- fore, it is necessary to test only a single material grade in a representative fitting to prove the design of the fitting. 10 TOLERANCES Tolerances for all fittings are shown in Tables 1 ‘and Al, and are based on the nominal dimensions given in Tables 2, 3, A2, and A3. For the purpose of determining conformance with this Standard, the convention for fixing significant digits where limits, maximum or minimum vahies, are specified, shall be “1ounded off” as defined in ASTM. E 29. This requires that an observed o calculated value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the Jast right-hand digit used for expressing the limit. The listing of decimal tolerances does not imply the method of measurement.WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELOING ASME 816.22-1984 ‘SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS todeg 21 de0 B18 dop 42.5 deg Dy (22) ly ee, ae, 10.88 “a2 37.5 009 22.5009 0.06 11.6) +£0.03 0.8) 0106 1.61 £0.03 10.8) (Poot face! ‘Root face) {) Phin Bevel (©) Compoune Bavel ‘Nominal Wall ‘Thickness ¢ End Preparation less then x [Note (Nf Cut square or slighty chemfer, ‘anfectre’s option 10 0.88 ine! (22) Plin bevel asin sketch (a) [Note «1 above. More tian 0.88 (22) ‘Compound bevel es in sketch 0) above. GENERAL NOTES: {a} See ASME 816.25 for transitions from bevel and root face inte Rory nf sing ant hacking ting pearson. {b) Dimensions in parantheces are in rilimetors. NOTE: {1} x = 0.18 (5) for earbon ste! or ferric alloy steo! and 0.12 (8 for austenite alloy stot FIG. 1 WELDING BEVEL AND ROOT FACE FOR FITTING (Without Backing Ring, or With Split Backing Ring)WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS ASME B16.20-1004 wee TABLE 1 TOLERANCES wee sige Shows 10 ag atu ‘oasis | tae an: Crtoo-] Back Nominal ‘Diameter, Diameter, ‘Wall ular End Center Face — |Alignments ee | atten! | wend Jo naif Or Pav Dimenaon| Deron Dinero af nae Size | [Notes {2}, (2)} [Notes {1}, (3), (41)|[Note (3])} @ P A o x u via, | 7908 oa cas | 00s | ose | ozs [os | cas away | 008 00 aos | ce | 000 | oz | ose | ooo ‘ os os avs | 00s | oe | oa | oz | 00s 5s +008 0.06 Notless} 0.08 | 0.12 0.06 0.25 0.25 0.03 098 than mas wow | 10% ose | | ooo | ose | ome | cae | 02s | one on ie 201 mt news | 7038 xe oo | ozs | oo | om | om | 0s 1” 28 ose | M9 | ore | ome | ome | cae | 02s | ome nom | 1938 one or | ose | oo | ome | aa | aos GENERAL NOTE: Dimensions ere fn Inches, Tolerances are oqual plus and minis except as noted, Notes: {1 Outotround isthe sum of absolute values of plus and minus tolerance, {2s loranc ey be exceeded ncaa eras of formed fring where ieeated wal hskesi required io mest elon ‘requirements of para, 2.1, {8) The Inalde diameter and the nominal wall thicknesses et ands are to be apecified by the purchaser. Wall thickness tolerance ‘epplies throughout the iting. {) Unions otherenee speciied by the purchaser theee tteranoee apply to the nominal inside diameter, which aquale the diferance ‘betwaen the nerninel outside diameter and twice the nominal wall thickness.WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING ASME 816.28-1994 SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS TABLE 2 DIMENSIONS OF SHORT RADIUS TABLE 3 DIMENSIONS OF SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS 180 deg RETURNS. Owaide ‘Outside ‘Nominal Diameter Nominal Diameter | Centerto- | Backto- Pipe at Bevel Pipe stBevel | Genter | Face Sie > Size ° 2 x 7 132 7 132 200 12 ™ 188 % 138 250 | 208 % 130 % 130 300 | 248 2 238 2 238 goo | 318 ™% 288 250 % 288 500) 398 a 3.50 300 3 8.00 3% 400 350 3% 7.00 4 450 460 a 800 5 558 500 ° 10.00 6 682 6.00 6 1200 8 a2 8.00 8 16.00 10 1025 19.00 0 09 2 1278 1200 2 24.00 1 1400 14.00 14 zoo | 2100 6 1600 8 3200 | 2400 8 18.00 18.00 8 2600 | 2700 a 90 2000 20 sooo | 3000 2 22.00 22.00 2 am | 3300 24 24.00 24.00 2 aso | 3600 GENERAL NOTE: Dimensions are in Inches. (GENERAL NOTES: {a) Dimonalons or {6} Dimeneion Ais equel to one-hel of dimension O.(WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS. ASME 81628-1094 ANNEX A, METRIC (SI) TABLE (This Annex isan integral part of ASME B16.28-1994, end is pleced after the main text for convenience.) The metric tolerances and dimensions shown in Tables Al, A2, and A3 are for information and ref- erence. They are not exact equivalents ofthe dimen- sions in Tables 1, 2, and 3. If used by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser, complete di- mensional inteschangeability with standard compo- nents can not be assured. Use of a combination of standard and metric values is contrary to the intent of this Standard.WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING ASME 51628-1996 ‘SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS. b TABLE Al TOLERANCES wo A esigs Ehowe 100 dag nets vide] inde Gere |artrtr] Bro: Nomins! Diameter Diameter ‘Wall Ang End Center Face Alignments cet | Sameer | Slee” Iniimaabat anal rsa Dioson|pimenton|Dinenten| of Ene She_[ivowe tir y|nowe tia. ane] ont Pa | oe | kU wen] 08 Ta pep sem | 1 1s rf2f2]a fo fo 2 4 # 18 naw) 1 | 2) 2 foo for fa ‘en “ oro swe | tt w [tle fafa fa la fa 8 za 18 a 2 4 2 7 7 1 won] tf a2 | Mie} 2 | ef oa fw | oo | 2 fina wow | tf a2 ef] os fw for fa wou | tf a eto] a fw fr fa GENERAL NOTE: Dimensions are in millimeters. Tolerances are equal plus and minus axoept a8 noted. Noes: (1) Ovtotsound is the aum of absolut voluos of pius and minus tolerance. {2} Ths tolerance may be exceeded in localaed arses of formed fitings where increased wall thickness is required to meet design equirements of para. 21, {91 "The inside diameter andthe nominal wall thieknesses at ends are 10 be epectfed by the purchaser. Well thickness tolerance sppiies throughout the fing. {4 Unless othervice spaced by the purchaser, these tolerances appt tothe noms [between the norninal outside dlameter and twice the nominal wall thickness. 5 nsidediamoter, which equals the difference(WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS ‘ASME B16.20-1904 TABLE A2_ DIMENSIONS OF SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS ‘Canterto-End Nominal Outside ameter wt Bevel A Pipe 2 80 dog Ebowe Ske Win [Nem | Mex | Min | Nom. | Max 7 = = 3 % z a % a 2 a 2 2 3m ” o “ « 8 3% “ 2 oo o or @ 5 2% 2 8 ” a a o 3 % ° 20 % * % 3% am 02 103 7 = 1 ‘ 13 me | ms | 0 | sce 108 5 wo wi ve | tas 17 1 e 107 108 ™ 190 182 138 ® ar {one | am Pay zs | 26 0 zm | ms | m | ie we | 8 2 am me | 8 | sz | os 206 4 asx | ase | ao | ass | ase 369 6 aos | me | ato | aos | os | ate 18 ae | ay | ast ae | ast | ato 2 sos | moe | su | 505 | soe | att 2 sa | see | co | ts | ae | ee 2 Coe eo | ow GENERAL NOTE: Dimenalone are in milienetera.WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING ‘ASME B16.78-1994 ‘SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS | TABLE A3__ DIMENSIONS OF SHORT RADIUS 180 deg RETURNS Nominal] OwsIdo Dinrveter at Bevel | Conterto-Canter Bockcto-Foce rin 2 o K ste [win | Nom | Max | Mim | Nom | Mex | Min | Nom | Max 7 2) 3 |) af | wo] «| a] @ my | oa] a | a | a} ot) om} as | me] 59 m | a | w | a | 69) | os! os | o2 | oo 2 sa} 60 | e | 95 | woz | 09 | 7 | a | oo 2 | m2) 73 | 74 | wo | 127 | 198) 93 | 100 | 107 3 es | | oo | us| tz | 59 | ae | iar | rae ay | wr | soz | wa | ri) we} ts | tax | ao | 147 a” jas | ome | ste | to | 20a | 210 | v2 | igo | 168 5 | wo} sa | ee | 27 | 258 | 261 | 390 | 197 | 200 6 | wr | vse | ar} 29 | 05} 312 | 20 | a57 | 208 8 | a7 | ze | 2 | soa | aoe | a3 | soe | sis | a20 wo | 20 | 273+ 27 | age | soe | sia | aa | 301 | 390 | gar | az | 328 | coo | 610 | 20 | aso | as7 | are | 383 | 358 | 360 | mor) 7 | 721 | 528 | 633 | B40 16 | 403} 40s | ao | aoa | oi3 | 2s | cos | cio | ov re | asa | asr | ast | aoe | or | ze | ove | cae | ox zo | soa | son | ssa | son | roa | aan | ome | 7m2 | 700 wz {sa { sso | sas { tios | re | mz | sor | ma | os 2s | os | sto | ste | t209 | rare | 122 | 907 | ote | oat GENERAL NOTES: [2} Dimensions are in ralimtors. {) Dimension As equal to one-hat of dimension 0.WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING ‘SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS. (This Annen ie an integral part of ASME B16.28-1964, and ASME B16,28-1994 ANNEX B REFERENCES sod after the main text for convenience) ‘The following is a list of standards and specifications referenced in this Standard showing the year of approval. ASME Publications (Approved as American National Standards) ASME B16.25-1992 ASME B31 ANSI/ASME B36.10M- 1985 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code ASTM Publications ASTM AZ34M.92a ASTM Ad03M-91 ASTM A420M.92 ASTM E 29.932 Butrwelding Ends Code for Pressure Piping Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe Section 1, Power Boilers Section Tl, Materials, Part A, Ferrous Material Specifications Section VIII, Pressure Vessels Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and Elevated Temperatures ‘Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications Publications of the following organizations appear on the above list: ASME ASTM ‘The American Society of Mechanical Engineers 345 Bast 47th Street, New York, New York 10017 ASME Order Department 22 Law Drive, Box 2300 Fairfield, New Jersey 07007-2300 ‘American Society for Testing and Materials 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103 Publications appearing above which have been approved as American National Standards may also be obtained from: ANSI ‘American National Standards Institute, Inc. 11 West 42nd Street, New York, New York 10036INTERPRETATIONS TO ASME B16.28 luded for information onty) (Thess interpretations are not pan of ASME B16.28-1994 and ar INTRODUCTION As @ service to persons who use the B16 standards, the B16 Committee renders interpretations of the requirements upon request. The procedure for requesting an interpretation is described in the following paragraphs. The interpretations include all replies which have been approved by the B16 Main Committee in response to inquiries concerning interpretation of this Standard. ‘An interpretation applies either to the Edition end Addenda in effect on the date of issuance of the interpretation or the Edition and Addenda stated in the interpretation, Subsequent revisions to this Standard may supersede the interpretation. PROCEDURE FOR REQUESTING INTERPRETATIONS. On request, the B16 Committee will render an interpretation of any requirement of this Standard, Interpretations can only be rendered in response to a written request, which should be addressed Secretary, B16 Main Committee ‘The American Society of Mechanical Engineers United Engineering Center 345 East 47th Street New York, NY 10017 ‘The request for interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. It is further recommended that the inquirer submit his request using the following format: (a) Subject. Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and/or give a concise description of the subject, — (b) Question. Phrase the question as a request for an interpretation of a specific requirement suitable for general understanding and use, not as a request for an approval of a proprietary design or situation. The inquirer may also include any plans or drawings which are necessary to explain the question; however, they should not contain proprietary names or information. ‘Requests which are nat in this format may be rewritten in this format prior to being answered, ‘which may inadvertently change the original intent of the request. ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of en interpretation when or if additional infor- ‘ation is available which the inquiter believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME committee or subcommittee. ASME does not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary de- vice, or ectivity,INTERPRETATIONS NO, 1 Replies to Technical Inquiries Issued from January 1, 1987, through December 31, 1893 No Interpretations issued. 15AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PIPING, PIPE FLANGES, FITTINGS, AND VALVES Scheme forthe Identfeation of Piping Systems .. 11981181985) Pipe Threads, General Purpose (inch)... 51-20.1-1989(R1982) Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch). 181.20.3.1976(R1991) Cast ron Pipe Flanges an Fi ~ B16.1-1980 Melieabie kon Thrended Fitings I B163-1992, Grey iron Threaded Fitings « COUNT piea1992 : 1 8165-1968 1 p1e9963 CL gt6.10-1982 Forged Fiaings, Socket Welding and Threaded «.. a16.11-1991, ‘Gastron Threaded Drainage Fittings... Bi6.12-1991 Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings, and Locknuis with ibe Thread « 16.14.1991 Cact Bronze Threaded Fitings, Class 128 and 260... SO 2) Bi6.15-1985, ‘Gast Copper Alloy Solder Join Pressure Fitings «0. 92-1088 Metalic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges ~ Ring-cint, Spiral Wound, and Jacketed . {16.20.1983 Nonmatalic Fat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges ‘Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Premsure Fit Cast Copper Alloy Soloet Joint Dreiage Fittings — DWV - Cost noe Aly Pie Fanges and Farge Fina, Ces 10 30, ‘400,609, 900, 1500, and 2500 Burowelding Encs «.... asi Copper Alloy Fitings for Fisred Copper Tubes Wrought Steel Butweding Shor Radius Elbows and Returns... ‘Wrought Copper and Wrought Copper Atoy Solder Joint Drainage Fitings — DWV . ‘Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Fitings for Sovem Drainage Systems... : fr Une in Gat ring Sytem Up 18 ig 2 816.26-1094 316.20-1998 { piea2a992 216.22-1990 2 piese-1098 vatves = Flanged, Threaded, and Weiding Erd Orfice Flanges SOUT, 1636-1998 Large Metals Valves for Gas Distbution (Manually Opersted, NPS 2% (0 12, 125 psig Maximum)... B16.38-1985 Malleabie ron Threaded Pipe Unions, Classes 150, 280, and 300 ..... 2 p16.30-1986 Marwetly Opersted Thermoplestic Ges Shutoffs and Vaives in Gas Distribution Systeme CD pea985 Funedone Qulfcaion Roquoments for Power Operated Active Vie Assembler for Nuclow Power Pants - Ductile ron Pipe Flanges 19rd Fitings, Close 460 end 300 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Fittings tor Sovent® Drains ‘Gastron Fitings fer Sovent® Drainage Systeme. erg Barer Sant large (ih 20 Trewsh ‘NPs 0) Power Piping «..s-s--0000 peveernees Fuel Gas Piphg « CD CCherieal Plant and Petroleum Refinery Pining =... : ‘auid Transporation Sytem for Hydrocebor, Laid eircloum Ges, Bre.-r98a0h 1889) 16.47 1000 sy Batam ‘Anhydrous Ammonia, and Alcohols - cesceeeneceeeesees BBLENBIR Refrigeration Pind s+.vevsss:sevsnsssse : CUUEIIIINID pansagsz Gas Transmission and Dist on Ping Sata « Bo1e982 Buiding Services Pioing seni 2 31.93.1088 91.17-1989 ‘Slurry Teansporiaton Piping Systems . [ASHE Guide for Gar Transmission and Distribution Piging Syeteme — 1086 (not sn ANSI Stendora Mana fr Outarning te ReriingSeength ef CrededPptnes net an ANS Stance wo. Welded and Seamiess Wrought Stee! ‘396.100.1085, Steinfo Steal Pipe « TILL ge.tamt99s: Sell-Operated and Power Operated Safety Related Velves Functional Specification Standard .. N27B.1-1975(R19B4) 216.1081 The ASME Publicetions Catslog shows a complete fet of al! the Standards published by the Society. For 2 complimentary cstelog, or the latest information sbout our publlctions, call 1-800-THE-ASME (1-800-843-2763),WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS, 9.3 Test Procedure and Acceptance Standard Test fluid shall be water or other liquid used for hydrostatic testing. Hydrostatic pressure shall be ap- plied to the assembly. ‘The proof test requirements are met when assera- bly withstands, without rupture, 105% of the com- puted proof test pressure defined below. 25, pa where P = computed proof test pressure S = actual ultimate tensile strength of the test fitting determined on a specimen taken from the fitting or representative of the test firing, The test fitting shall meet all re- quirements of one of the materials listed in para. 5, 1 = nominal pipe wall thickness of the pipe that the fitting marking identifies D = specified outside diameter of pipe that the fitting marking identifies 9.4 Applicability of Results It is not necessary to conduct an individual test of fittings with all combinations of sizes, wall thick- nesses, and materials. A proof test meeting the re- ‘quirements of para. 9.3 on one representative fitting may represent other fitings of the same type to the entent described below. ASME 816.28-1004 9.4.1 Size Range. One test fitting may be used to ‘ualify similarly proportioned fittings with an [NPS range from one-half to twice that for the tested fitting, 9.42 Thickness Range, One test fitting may be used to qualify similarly proportioned fittings with {AD ranges from one-half to three times that for the tested fitting, 9.4.3 Material Grades. The pressure retaining ca- pacity of a geometrically identical Gating made of var~ fous grades of stect will be directly proportional to the tensile properties of the various grades, There- fore, it is necessary to test only a single material rade in a representative fitting to prove the design of the fitting. 10 TOLERANCES Tolerances for all fitings are shown in Tables 1 and Al, and are based on the nominal dimensions given in Tables 2, 3, A2, and A3. For the purpose of determining conformance with this Standard, the convention for fixing significant digits where limits, maximum or minimum values, are specified, shall be “rounded off” as defined in ASTM E 29, This requires that an observed or calculated ‘value shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand digit used for expressing the limit. The listing of decimal tolerances does not imply ‘the method of measurement.WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING ‘SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS ANO RETURNS be _ (AF | ‘ASME B16.28-1004 inet TABLE 1 TOLERANCES woe An regs thew 190g Rate Guay] ialde ama -| Carat] Baek Nominal | Diameter Diameter, ‘Wall Angoberity, End | Center | Face marta Pie at Bevel ‘st End —_|ThicknessiO# Angle|OH Plane| Dimension | Dimension | Dimarsion| of Ends ‘Size | [Notes (1), (2 /DVotes (1), (31, (4))|INote (3y] Pp A ° x uv vem, | *008 a0 as | aoe | oa [ozs | as | aoa “oss awa | aoe aoe ons | coe | cos | ars | oa | ono ‘ 00s os oss | ose | ace | om | oa | one St08 +009 0.06 Nottess| 0.08 | 0.12 0.06 0.28 025 003 0.08 then : mx ‘oe nor won | 1938 axe | %7™) oon | ose | oo | os | 02s | aoe nk ase io tore | 738 oz | EL) ace | 02s | op | ose | ozs | oon on ” sore ore | 8 | or | om | ow | ose | oz | om nou | +93 oxo ore | om | ace | ox | oas | ove GENERAL NOTE: Dimensions are in inches, Tolerances re equel plus and minus except as noted, NOTES: (1) Outofcound ia the sum of absolute values of plus and minus tolerance. {2 This tolerance may be exceeded in locale areas of formad fsinge where Increased wall thickness is required to meet design tequlremanns of pars. 2.1. {2) The inside diameter and the nominal wall thicknesses wt ande are to be apectfied by the purchaser. Wall thickness tolerance applies throughout the Fting. {4)Uniess otherwise spected between the nominal ouside diameter and twice the nominal wal sickness, by the purcheser, these fTerances apply tothe nominal insice diameter, which equals the diffrenceWROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING ‘SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS ‘ASME B16.28-1006 ANNEX A. METAIC (SI) TABLE (This Annex is an intagral pant of ASME B816.28-1994, and is placed after ‘the main ext for eonvenience.) The metric tolerances and dimensions shown in ‘Tables Al, A2, and A3 are for information and ref- erence. They are not exact equivalents of the dimen- sions in Tables 1, 2, and 3. If used by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser, complete di- mensional interchangeability with standard compo nents can not be assured. Use of a combination of standard and metric values is contrary to the intent of this Standard.[WROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING ‘SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS. ASME 816.20-1904 ‘TABLE AZ DIMENSIONS OF SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS: Nominal Pipe Sie Mex | Min, ex, 7 = = = 2 = 2 % a a a 0 2 4 % a e “a 38 38 “ 2 %0 o st o a 2% 2 RB ™ a ee Cs a ry cI 0 4 a ” 3% 01 102 103 a CI ot 4 13 na ne 09 102 106 5 40 a va 15 ww cry « 7 162 v7 150 162 cry 2a 23 205 22 258 286 02 305 308 353 358 389 403 06 09 ae aT 480 805 508 Bn 556 0 se 7 10 agWROUGHT STEEL BUTTWELDING ‘SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS AND RETURNS ASME B16.26-1094 ANNEX B REFERENCES {This Annex is an integral par of ASME B16.28-1064, and is placed ater the main text for convenience} ‘The following is a fist of standards and specifications referenced in this Standard showing the year of approval ASME Publications {Approved as American National Standards) ASME B16.25-1992 ASME B31 ANSI/ASME B36.10M- 1985 ASME Boiler and Pressure ‘Vessel Code ASTM Publications. ASTM AZ34M-92a ASTM A403M-91 ASTM A420M-92 ASTM E 29.934 Buttwelding Ends Code for Pressure Piping Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe Section I, Power Boilers Section Il, Materials, Pact A, Ferrous Material Specifications Section VIII, Pressure Vessels Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and Elevated Temperatures ‘Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications ‘Publications of the following organizations appear on the above list: ASME ASTM ‘The American Society of Mechanical Engineers 345 East 47th Street, New York, New York 10017 ASME Order Department 22 Law Drive, Box 2300 Fairfield, New Jersey 07007-2300 ‘American Society for Testing and Materials 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsyivania 19103 Publications appearing above which have been approved as American National Standards may also be obtained from: ANSI American National Standards Institute, Inc. 11 West 42nd Street, New York, New York 10036 u