Second Year History

Topics
The Reformation
The Irish Plantations
The American Revolution
The French Revolution
The 1798 Irish Rebellion
Daniel O’Connell and Catholic Emancipation
The Industrial and Agricultural Revolution
The Great Famine
Ireland 1884-1914: Politics, Culture and Society
The Reformation
AFL
Keyword Definition
Tick
A series of conflicts from 1337 to 1453
between the rulers of England and the
100 Year War
French nobles over the right to rule the
Kingdom of France.
1347 to 1350 - killed a third of Europe's
population. Carried by fleas on rats from
The Black Death the Black Sea; resulted in oozing swelling
of the body, darkly discoloured skin and
filling of the lungs with phlegm
To go against or disagree a government
Protest
or organisation's belief/rules
People who protested at the wrongs of
Protestant the Catholic Church so they started their
own religion, Protestantism
An attempt to change the Catholic
Reformation
Church
German priest who started the
Martin Luther Reformation with the publishing of the 95
theses
John Calvin Swiss reformer
English King who was unhappy to be
Henry VIII
ruled over by Catholic rules
Justification by only faith in God could get you into
faith alone heaven
Purgatory place between heaven and hell
Indulgences Paying to get into heaven
the buying/selling of positions in the
Simony
Church
the appointing of relatives to Church jobs
Nepotism
regardless of merit
a priest or bishop being away from their
Absenteeism
parish/diocese for long periods of time
having more than one Church/Church job
Pluralism
at the same time
List of what was wrong with the Church;
95 theses
published by Martin Luther
 Letter sent by the Pope, leader of the
Papal Pull
Roman Catholic Church
language as spoken by people in their
Vernacular
native country
meeting in the town of Worms in 1521
Diet of Worms
about Luther
decision from Worms, Luther declared an
Edict of Worms
outlaw
thrown out of the Catholic Church and
Excommunication
unable to receive the sacraments
German prince who allowed Luther to
Fredrick of
reside with him following the Edict of
Saxony
Worms
Calvinist belief that God decided before a
Predestination person was born whether they would go
to heaven
Rules of Luther; believed in justification
Lutheran
by faith alone
Rules of Calvin; very strict; believed in
Calvinism
predestination
Puritan English protestants
Presbyterian Scottish protestants
Huguenots French protestants
1st Daughter of Henry VII; returned
Bloody Mary England to Catholicism; burned
Protestants
2nd Daughter of Henry VIII; returned
England to Protestantism; persecuted
Elizabeth I Catholics when it was revealed that they
wanted to replace her with Mary, Queen
of Scots
Counter An attempt by the Catholic Church to win
Reformation back Protestants
A Church Court that punished new
The Inquisition
religions for heresy
Established by Ignatius Loyola, organised
The Jesuits like an army and became missionaries to
spread the teachings of Catholicism
Humanism is the idea that human beings should be
 at the centre of everything and we should
think about the world in terms of the lives
people live
Monarchy in England became head of the
Act of Supremacy Church there, and they split from Rome's
influence
meeting of all Bishops which abolished
Council of Trent abuses, established training, faith and
good works get you into heaven
The Irish Plantations
AFL
Keyword Definition
Tick
A person who "undertook" to take land
Undertaker and work it while paying taxes to the
Crown (King/Queen)
A person who had served the King as a
Servitor soldier or civil servant and was rewarded
with land on a plantation
Irish clan from Laois who raided the Pale
O'Moores
under Queen Mary I
Irish clan from Offaly who raided the Pale
O'Connors
under Queen Mary I
The area around Dublin directly under the
The Pale
control of the English King
Land that was taken from Irish
farmers/landlords to give to new settlers
Plantation
from England/Scotland/Wales in
exchange for rent
people in the Pale who were loyal to the
Old English
King
the Gaelic chieftains who followed Irish
Gaelic Irish
laws, known as Brehon laws
descendants of the Anglo-Normans who
Anglo-Irish
had invaded Ireland in the 12th Century
Gaelic Irish laws going as far back as the
Brehon laws
Iron Age
the Old English and the Gaelic Irish rulers
were to surrender themselves and their
Surrender and
lands to Henry VIII and he would grant
regrant
their land back to them with an English
title
when land was passed on from father to
Succession
son in the English system
Planters the new settlers during a plantation
men who claimed to be descendants of
Adventurers the early Normans granted land in
Munster by Henry II
 native Irish who stayed loyal to the
Loyal Irish
English during the Nine Years War
laws that suppressed the status of
Penal Laws
Catholics in Ireland
Fought between Irish Lords and the
Nine Year War English in Ulster, the English eventually
won
O'Neill and O'Donnell fled Ulster to avoid
Flight of the Earls being attacked by their fellow Irish for
surrendering
Gallowglasses foreign soldiers
Signed after the Nine-Year War; Ulster
Treaty of accepts English law and rule, abandon
Mellifont the Irish language and culture, no more
rebellions
Stone house where landlords lived for
Bawn
protection
an association of workers of the same
Craft Guild
trade for mutual benefit
Central diamond the square where all the streets meet
Churches Protestant churches built on the square
Parallel streets Houses built in rows
an Irish robber or outlaw frequenting a
Wood kerne
forest
a dispossessed Irishmen subsisting as an
Tory
outlaw in the 17th Century
Farmer who rented land that he worked
Tenant farmer
from a landowner
Detailed accounts of areas in Ulster used
Maps
to survey and plan new towns
Gathering detailed graphs of the area in
Survey
order to plan
Pope Leader of the Roman Catholic Church
The Irish language (sean-ghaeilge) was
Language
depleted
a large amount of land that was owned by
Estate
a lord
Migration People moving from one area to another
Cromwell's
The plantation of Connaught; also failed
Plantation
Roundheads Cromwell's soldiers
To Hell or to The land in Connaught was so bad, the
Connaught option of death was the only alternative
divide between the Protestants and
Sectarianism
Catholics
The American Revolution
AF
L
Keyword Definition
Tic
k
An agreement between the thirteen
Articles of colonies to form a single government
Confederation under the United States of America. It
served as the country's first constitution.
A blade attached to the end of a
Bayonet
musket.
The first ten amendments to the
Bill of Rights Constitution that guaranteed the rights
of the individual
Redcoats open fire on colonists during a
Boston Massacre
mob – 5 colonists died.
Colonists dress up as Native Americans
Boston Tea Party and toss 342 chests of tea into the
Boston Harbour.
An area of land that is under the control
Colony of a country, but not fully part of the
country.
The group of thirteen states that united
Confederation
together.
A set of documents and laws that define
Constitution
the government of a country.
A group of delegates from each colony
Continental
or state. It became the first governing
Congress
body of the United States of America.
The official army of the United States
Continental army that was established by the Continental
Congress.
A document which announced that the
American colonies now considered
Declaration of
themselves independent states and
Independence
they would no longer answer to the
authority of Great Britain.
A type of government that is ruled
Democracy
directly by the people.
Federalist A person who supported the adoption of
 the Constitution.
A military force that is set to defend a
Garrison
fort or city.
A type of bag or pack that soldiers used
Haversack
to carry their food.
A branch of government that has the
Legislature
power to make laws.
Lexington &
First shots of the War of Independence.
Concord
A person in America who stayed loyal to
Loyalist
Britain and the king.
Citizens who were prepared to fight.
Militia They held drills a few times a year and
had their own weapons and gear.
Part of the Massachusetts militia that
Minutemen was prepared to fight at a moment's
notice.
A government where the power and
Monarchy laws are made by a single person called
a monarch or king.
A smooth bore gun with a long barrel
Musket
that fired lead balls.
The main governing body of the British
Parliament
government.
An American that wanted independence
Patriot
from Britain.
A hollowed out horn with a cap used to
Powder horn
carry gunpowder.
A long thin rod that pushed gunpowder
Ramrod
down the barrel of a musket.
A nickname for the British soldiers taken
Redcoat from their bright red uniforms. They
were also called lobster backs.
A name that referred to British soldiers
Regulars
during the Revolutionary War.
A type of democratic government where
Republic
people elect officials to represent them.
The overthrow of a government to
Revolution
establish a new system.
 A group of patriots organized by Samuel
Sons of Liberty Adams to protest the Stamp Act and
other actions of the British government.
Another name for loyalists who
Tory
supported the British government.
A treaty signed by both the United
Treaty of Paris States and Britain that ended the
Revolutionary War.
Volley When many muskets are fired at once.
Another name for the patriots who
Whigs fought against the British government
for independence.
A tax placed on the American colonies
by the British government. It taxed all
Stamp Act sorts of paper documents including
newspapers, magazines, and legal
documents.
A tax placed on molasses (sugar) which
Sugar Act was strictly enforced by the British
Navy.
Colonies forced to provide housing and
The Quartering Act supplies to British soldiers following the
Seven Year War.
Shift from paying off the cost of the
Seven Year War to paying colonial
Townshend Act
governor’s salaries, paying of import
taxes, and increased custom officials.
Special taxes on lead, paint, paper,
Townsend Acts glass and tea. Officials receive money
from the Crown.
British East India Company gain
Tea Act monopoly on British tea imports
(monopoly = only sellers)
Boston Harbour closed, new Quartering
Coercive/Intolerable
Act, trials moved to another colony or to
Acts
Britain.
The French Revolution
AFL
Keyword Definition
Tick
the French for old feudal system used in
Ancien Regime
18th Century France
First Estate The Church
The Second
The Nobility (Lords)
Estate
The Common People (largest of the three
The Third Estate
Estates)
God bestows power upon you at time of
Divine Right
birth
The Last king of France before the fall of
King Louis XVI the French Constitutional Monarchy and
the rise of the French First Republic.
Austrian wife of Louis XVI hated by the
people of France. Austria and France
Marie Antoinette
were enemies at the time of their
marriage.
The Seven Years' War was a global war
fought between 1756 and 1763. It
The Seven Year
involved all five European great powers
War
of the time: Great Britain, France,
Prussia, Austria and Russia.
The representative assembly of the three
Estates General estates (what would be the TDs of
Ireland)
National A revolutionary assembly formed by the
Assembly representatives of the Third Estate
20 June 1789; members of the French
Third Estate vow "not to separate and to
The Tennis Court
reassemble wherever circumstances
Oath
require until the constitution [...] is
established".
Important document of the French
Revolution which states that the
Declarations of
individual and collective rights of all the
the Rights of Man
estates of France are universal and
belong to everyone.
 An international modern document that
Universal states basic rights and fundamental
Declaration of freedoms to which all human beings are
Human Rights entitled. Principles based on the
Declarations of the Rights of Man.
Marie Antoinette's response to the bread
shortage - taken out of context as Marie
Let them eat
Antoinette could not comprehend that the
cake
people were suffering while she lived in
luxury.
14 July 1789; the crushing of the old
Storming of the world - people of France storm the
Bastille Bastille, leaving no guard alive as they
took stored weapons and ammunition.
Flight to King Louis XVI attempts to flee France
Varennes but is caught.
First French
First European democratic government.
Republic
sans-culottes The French revolutionaries.
Constitutional Where the King/Queen makes the laws
Monarchy and rules the country.
The first of its kind, it was considered
Radical Republic radical for its new ideas and gave power
to the people through the Constitution
Designed for carrying out executions by
beheading the victim. It is a tall, upright
frame with a weighted, angled blade
Guillotine suspended at the top. The condemned
person is secured at the bottom of the
frame with the neck directly below the
blade.
Period during the French Revolution
where multiple massacres and public
executions occurred in response to
Reign of Terror revolutionary fervour, anti-clerical
sentiment, and frivolous accusations of
treason by Maximilien Robespierre and
his followers.
Maximillian A French lawyer and statesman who was
Robespierre responsible for the deaths of thousands
 of French citizens who he believed to be
against the ideas of the French
Revolution.
Radical political group during the French
Jacobins Revolution who desired violence over
peace.
Court in Paris by the National Convention
Revolutionary
(Assembly) during the French Revolution
Tribunal
for the trial of political offenders.
Watch Committees around the nation
were encouraged to arrest "suspected
persons, ... those who, either by their
Watch
conduct or their relationships, by their
Committees
remarks or by their writing, are shown to
be partisans of tyranny and federalism
and enemies of liberty"
Napoléon Bonaparte was a French
statesman and military leader who rose to
prominence during the French Revolution
and led several successful campaigns
Napoleon
during the French Revolutionary Wars.
Bonaparte
He was Emperor of the French as
Napoleon I from 1804 until 1814 and
again briefly in 1815 during the Hundred
Days.
Democracy is a form of government in
Democracy which the people have the authority to
choose their governing legislation.
"It has long been almost a truism of
European history that the French
The Birth of a Revolution gave a great stimulus to the
Nation growth of modern nationalism." The
desire to rule the nation by its own people
and not Imperial powers.
The 1798 Irish Rebellion
AFL
Keyword Definition
Tick
75% of the Irish population but owned
Catholics
15% of land with no political power.
Protestant (Church of Ireland) British
planters who owned most of the land and
Anglicans
had the strongest political and financial
power.
Scottish planters based in Ulster;
Presbyterians financially stable but had no political
power.
Protestant rulers implanted these to
protect their power. Examples: Catholics
were banned from education and church.
Banned the Catholic religion. Banned
Penal Laws
Catholics gaining any jobs in law. This
made millions of Catholics poor and
uneducated with little chance of
improving their lives.
Inspired by the revolutions in America
and France, this group would try to rebel
United Irishmen through violence if necessary. Key
members were Theobald Wolfe Tone.
Henry Joy McCracken. William Sinclair.
French support to a now banned society
Bantry Bay 1796
was stopped by storm off the coast.
Sent to Ulster to torture and execute any
General Lake United Irishman involved in the 1796
Bantry Bay.
Illegal to have secret oath and Lake's
The Insurrection
militia could search homes without a
Act
warrant and arrest rebels without charge.
Flogging Whips used on people's backs and feet.
Hanging a person until they were almost
Half-hanging
dead to extract information.
pouring hot tar on a person's head before
Pitch-capping
sitting it on fire.
Dublin Castle Main headquarters for English dealings in
 Ireland.
Dublin 1798 Most of its leaders in prison; ended in
Rising failure.
The most successful of the rising; British
1798 Wexford
treatment of the locals led to revolt led by
Rising
a Catholic priest, Fr John Murphy.
These were civilians who were put into
Yeomen
groups as soldiers.
The final conflict of the Wexford Rising.
Vinegar Hill
Fr Murphy executed.
Ulster 1798 Henry Joy McCracken led Presbyterian
Rising risings but later captured and hanged.
French General Humbert forces General
Races of Lake’s men to retreat with the British
Castlebar soldiers having fled so quickly, leaving
many of their weapons behind.
Brought Ireland even closer to Britain by
Act of Union
abolishing the parliament in Dublin and
(1801)
ruling Ireland directly from Westminster.
Protestant Barrister Irish republican who
desired to get better treatment for
Theobald Wolfe Catholics and remove Ireland from British
Tone rule. Committed suicide before he could
be executed for his involvement in the
Irish Rebellion.
Daniel O’Connell
AFL
Keyword Definition
Tick
A building housing a large number of
Tenement families in separate rooms
Head of the government of Ireland, based
Chief Secretary in Dublin Castle
The British King’s representative in
Lord Lieutenant Ireland
Catholic The goal for Catholics: that they be
emancipation allowed to sit in parliament
House of The lower house of parliament in the
Commons United Kingdom; sits in Westminster
The upper house of parliament in the
House of Lords United Kingdom; sits in Westminster
Palace in London where the UK
Westminster parliament passes laws and bills
Campaign group set up by Daniel
Catholic O’Connell to work to achieve Catholic
Association Emancipation
Campaign group set up by Daniel
Repeal O’Connell to work to abolish the Act of
Association Union
The Industrial Revolution
AFL
Keyword Definition
Tick
Textiles cloth
Farmers produced raw materials
Spinners spun wool into thread by hand
Weavers wove thread into cloth by hand
Tailors turned cloth into clothes by hand
Domestic/Cottage
Industry Weaving/sowing at home
Using large buildings to house machinery
Factory System to create clothing/materials to be sold
Main material found in Britain which
helped buildings, machinery and
Coal and Iron Ore transport
Countries ruled over by Imperial powers
(eg Ireland ruled by Britain) whose raw
materials were used to support Imperial
Colonies Industries
Agricultural New improvements in the farming
Revolution industry
Transport New improvements in the way people get
Revolution around
1733; John Kay invented this to speed up
Flying Shuttle weaving
1764; James Hargreaves invented this to
Spinning Jenny speed up spinners
1769; Richard Arkwright invented this;
Water Frame spinning machine powered by water
1779; Samuel Crompton invented this;
combination of Spinning Jenny and the
Mule Water Frame
1785; Edmund Cartwright invented this;
Power Loom new weaving process
1709; coal without gasses; discovered by
Coke Abraham Darby
1784; Henry Cort developed a way of
Puddling and turning Pig Iron (weak) into Wrought Iron
Rolling (strong)
The Bessemer
Converter 1856; a vassal for making steel
1705; Thomas Newcomen; used to pump
Steam Engine water out of mines
1763; James Watt developed this so it
Rotary Steam could be transported and used outside
Engine mines
Transport
Revolution Changes in moving people and things
John Macadam and Thomas Telford
designed the new roads which did not
Tarmac turn to mud in winter
Collected tolls to build and maintain
Turnpike Trusts roads
safe, quick way of moving heavy loads;
man-made rivers which could hold
Canals barges to move heavy loads
Railways Trains replaced need for barges
Steam powered Rotary steam engines used to power
ships these in 1784
Stevenson’s
Rocket first fast train
living with little to no money to feed or
Poverty support
Illnesses that could kill people if not
Disease treated correctly
Life expectancy was low, deformed backs
Child workers and damaged lungs
an infectious disease carried by lice,
Typhus mites and fleas
caused by dirty living conditions and lack
Typhoid of clean drinking water
Infected water supplies caused this
disease which resulted in severe vomiting
Cholera and diarrhoea
Tuberculosis disease of the lungs
Popular pastime of workers was to go
drink in their local public house; often
Drinking spend money here instead of paying rent
Bull baiting the practice of setting dogs to harass a
 bull
the sport of setting two cocks (male hens)
Cock fighting to fight each other.
Starvation suffering or death caused by lack of food
Most people did not live past the age of
Mortality 40
1817; reformers who fought for better
Luddites deals; executed by the government
Mill owner who paid good wages, built
homes for his works and provided
education. Established Trade Unions and
Robert Owen Co-operatives for his workers
an organized association of workers in a
trade, group of trades, or profession,
formed to protect and further their rights
Trade Union and interests.
a farm, business, or other organization
which is owned and run jointly by its
members, who share the profits or
Co-operatives benefits
illegal to employ children under 7; illegal
1819 Child for children under 16 to work more than
Worker Act 12 hours a day
1833 Factory Act Inspectors employed to enforce laws
Illegal to send women or children
1842 Mines Act underground to work
1844 Children's Children between 6 and 13 only allowed
Act work 6 and a half day
Ten-hour day for anyone under 18 and all
1847 Workers Act women
a widespread scarcity of food, caused by
several factors including war, inflation,
crop failure, population imbalance, or
Famine government policies.
Open-field Shared farmland where diseases spread
system quickly, and cattle wandered into crops
Fencing in fields to stop the spread of
disease and cattle wandering through
Enclosures crops
Horse pulled Invented by Jethro Tull to even distribute
seed drill seeds
Selective Invented by Robert Bakewell where only
Breeding healthy animals could breed
Viscount Townshend developed this to
rotate crops so nutrients could recover
Four field system every year without fallow fields
The Great Irish Famine
AFL
Keyword Definition
Tick
Poor Irish sent here to work and be fed
because they couldn't live on their own
Workhouse following eviction
Land that was taken from Irish
farmers/landlords to give to new settlers
from England/Scotland/Wales in
Plantation exchange for rent
Ships poor Irish got on to travel to
America/Australia for a better life but died
Coffin Ship on board due to starvation or disease
Irish travel from Ireland to
America/Australia where they would send
home money to feed family at home (still
Emigration exists today)
Eviction Forcibly removed from home
Soup kitchen Set up to feed the starving Irish
Folly monuments of no use
give the poor jobs where they could earn
Public Work money to buy food; they worked building
Scheme roads, bridges, walls and follies
Maize/Indian corn sent to feed the
Starving. As the Irish didn't know how to
cook it, it was harder to digest than
Peel's Brimstone potatoes
Laissez faire Let it be policy
Relief Selling food at cost of prices at depots
commission around the country
Disease that kills the leaves and the
Blight edible roots/ tubers.
Only British politician to try to help the
Sir Robert Peel starving Irish
Quakers Society of friends
Subdivision of Where land was divided between sons
land from their fathers
Black 47 Worst year of the Irish Famine
An Ghaeltacht Only areas of Ireland where the Irish
 language didn't decline
Pasture farming cattle rearing
Tillage farming crop farming
20th Century Ireland: Home Rule and the Land League
AFL
Keyword Definition
Tick
Focus on promoting a national identity
Cultural
shaped by shared cultural traditions and
nationalism
language
The spreading of English culture through
Ireland, leading to people speaking
Anglicisation
English, following English customs and
playing English sports
Set up to fight for the rights of Irish tenant
The Land League farmers
Land Acts brought in to try appeasing the
Land Acts Irish
Subsistence Producing enough farm produces to
farming survive
Commercial
farming Producing enough farm produces to sell
Irish Transport
and General First trade union in Ireland - set up to
Workers Union protect the rights of workers
James Larkin Dublin leader of the ITGWU
James Connolly Belfast leader of the ITGWU
1913 Dublin The Dublin lock-out was a major
Strike and industrial dispute between workers and
Lockout employers which took place in Dublin.
First Bloody Sunday of the 20th Century;
stampede in Dublin with two killed and
hundreds injured as the Dublin
Metropolitan Police used battens to stop
Bloody Sunday a strike
Gaelic Athletic Association - set up to
support sports such as hurling, Gaelic
football, handball, athletics and
GAA weightlifting
Movement aimed to promote Irish
Irish Literary Literature and coincided with a renewed
Revival interest in Gaelic Irish cultural heritage
The Gaelic an organisation whose aim was to
League promote the Irish Language
 someone who believes that the Irish
Irish Nationalists people are their own nation
Wanted to see the re-establishment of a
Constitutional parliament in Ireland and to achieve this
Nationalists through political means
Wanted full independence from Britain
Radical and believed that they should use force if
Nationalists necessary, to achieve this
someone who wants Ireland to remain
Unionists part of the United Kingdom with Britain
a country not ruled by a monarch but
instead ruled by its citizens who choose
Republic their representatives
Ireland would have its own parliament in
Dublin to govern local affairs, such as
education and health, while Westminster
could still control trade and foreign affairs.
Ireland would still be part of the United
Home Rule Kingdom
Founder of the Home Rule Party (1870-
Isaac Butt 1880)
Charles Stewart Leader of the Home Rule Party after
Parnell Issacs Butt (1880-1891)
Irish Parliamentary Party who
Home Rule Party represented Irish interests in Westminster
William E
Gladstone Leader of the British Liberal Party
Leader of the Home Rule Party after
John Redmond Parnell (1891-1918)
Deliberate interference with the progress
of legislation. Example: Making very long
Parliamentary speeches to delay the passage of law
Obstruction through parliament
Encouraging people to form local groups
to demand better treatment. Example:
refusing to pay rent or cooperate with
Political Agitation local landlords

Parliamentary Irish MPs would withdraw from the

Abstention Westminster parliament they entered in
 the 1801 Act of Union to set up their own
parliament in Dublin
Conservatives tried to appease Ireland
and keep the Union as it was by passing
Constructive acts of parliament that were beneficial to
Unionism Ireland
Leader of the British Liberal Party
Herbert Asquith following Gladstone
Lords could block laws or bills passed by
Veto the House of Commons
King George V King of Great Britain
Unionists stated they would 'use all
means to defend the present conspiracy
Solemn League to set up a Home Rule Parliament in
and Covenant Ireland'
Unionist
Volunteer Force Unionist paramilitary force
Irish Volunteer
Force Nationalist paramilitary force
Unofficial military-style organisation of
Paramilitary force amateur soldiers
Eoin MacNeill Founder of the IVF
35,000 guns and five million rounds of
Larne Gun ammunition were smuggled into Ulster
Running and the British allowed it
900 rifles and 25,000 rounds of
Howth Gun ammunition smuggled into Howth for the
Running nationalists
British Army refused to act against the
Curragh Mutiny UVF
Original name for the Irish Republic
Fenians Brotherhood
Set up in 1858; secret radical nationalist
organisation whose members believed in
Irish Republic the use of physical force; started to grow
Brotherhood into organised group in 1910
meaning 'we ourselves'; nationalist
political party set up by Arthur Griffith in
Sinn Féin 1905
Arthur Griffith Catholic Dublin born journalist who
founded Sinn Féin
20th Century Ireland: 1916 Easter Rising
AFL
Keyword Definition
Tick
Involved all major powers and their
colonies involved in the War following the
execution of Austrian-Hungarian
Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Serbia,
World War I 1914.
someone who believes that the Irish
Irish Nationalists people are their own nation
someone who wants Ireland to remain
Unionists part of the United Kingdom with Britain
Leader of the Irish Nationalists in their
fight for independence; wrote and signed
Padraig Pearse the Proclamation of Irish Independence
Leading Irish Nationalist; signed the
Tom Clarke Proclamation of the Irish Republic
Leading Irish Nationalist; signed the
Joseph Plunkett Proclamation of the Irish Republic
Leading Irish Nationalist; signed the
Eamonn Ceannt Proclamation of the Irish Republic
Sean Leading Irish Nationalist; signed the
MacDiarmid Proclamation of the Irish Republic
Leading Irish Nationalist; signed the
Proclamation of the Irish Republic;
Sir Roger involved in gaining ammunition from
Casement Germany during the war
Leader of the Irish Citizens' Army; co-
James Connolly founded the Labour Party
Eoin MacNeill Leader of the IVF
Forged document to trick MacNeill into
The Castle fighting against the British; stated that the
Document British were looking to disarm the IVF
Irish Volunteer
Force Nationalist paramilitary force
Sir Casement tried to gain ammunition
from the German ship but were caught by
AUD the British Navy
 An oath which meant that a person would
give up their lives for the good of the
Blood sacrifice future of Ireland
Declaring the intentions of the Irish
Proclamation of people to claim Ireland as a republic and
the Irish Republic separated from the rule of the British
Established by Padraig Pearse, led the
Irish Republican rebellion against the British during the
Army Easter Rising
a judicial court for trying members of the
armed services accused of offences
Court martial against military law.
military government, involving the
Martial Law suspension of ordinary law.
the carrying out of a sentence of death on
Execution a condemned person.
Leader of Sinn Fein during the War of
Independence. Founded the Fianna Fáil
Eamon de Valera following Split from Sinn Féin
Leader of Sinn Fein during the Irish Civil
Michael Collins War. Served as leader of the IRA.
When it is made compulsory for men
aged 18 and over to join the military for a
Conscription period
After the end of WW1; election held. Sinn
Féin gain the most seats for Irish
1918 Election Nationalists
A ceremony in which a person or event is
Commemoration celebrated/remembered
Government of partitioned Ireland into two parts; North
Ireland Act 1920 Ireland and South Ireland
January 21st,
1919 First Dáil Éireann (meeting of Ireland)
 Success Criteria
At the end of each chapter, I can describe at least 10 key terms in my
own words in:

The Reformation
The Irish Plantations
The American Revolution
The French Revolution
The 1798 Irish Rebellion
Daniel O’Connell and Catholic Emancipation
The Industrial and Agricultural Revolution
The Great Famine
Ireland 1884-1914: Politics, Culture and Society