www.nature.

com/scientificreports/

Figure 1.  The values of MD and NMD of IVq-ROFS.

   
AQ∗ Q∗
1 = A2 ⇔ µAQ∗ (x), νAQ∗ (x) = µAQ∗ (x), νAQ∗ (x)
(3)
1 1 2 2

⇔ µ−Q∗ = µ−Q∗ , µ+Q∗ = µ+Q∗ , ν −Q∗ = ν −Q∗ , ν +Q∗ = ν +Q∗

A1 A2 A1 A2 A1 A2 A1 A2

      
AQ∗
1 ⊆ AQ∗
2 ⇔ µ−
Q∗ , µ+
Q∗ ≤ µ−
Q∗ , µ+
Q∗ , ν −
Q∗ , ν +
Q∗ ≥ ν −
Q∗ , ν +
Q∗
A1 A1 A2 A2 A1 A1 A2 A2
(4)
⇔ µ−Q∗ ≤ µ−Q∗ , µ+Q∗ ≤ µ+Q∗ , ν −Q∗ ≥ ν −Q∗ , ν +Q∗ ≥ ν +Q∗
A1 A2 A1 A2 A1 A2 A1 A2

      
AQ∗
1  AQ∗
2 ⇔ µ−
Q∗ , µ+
Q∗  µ−
Q∗ , µ+
Q∗ , ν −
Q∗ , ν +
Q∗  ν −
Q∗ , ν +
Q∗
A1 A1 A2 A2 A1 A1 A2 A2
(5)
⇔ µ−Q∗ ≤ µ−Q∗ , µ+Q∗ ≥ µ+Q∗ , ν −Q∗ ≥ ν −Q∗ , ν +Q∗ ≤ ν +Q∗
A1 A2 A1 A2 A1 A2 A1 A2

Fuzzy entropy
Fuzzy entropy is a measure used to scale the uncertainty of fuzzy elements which is come from statistics. The
common fuzzy entropies are mainly as follows:

Definition 6 59 Intuitionistic fuzzy entropy: A real-valued function E AI : IF(X) → [0, 1] is named as an

 

entropy on IFS, if E satisfies all the following properties:

(I1)  0 ≤ E AI ≤ 1;
 

(I2)  E AI = 0 if AI is a crisp set;

(I3)  E AI = 1 if µAI (x) = νAI (x) = πAI (x) = 13;
 

(I4)  E AI ≤ E BI if A is crisper than B, which is defined as:

   

1
µA (x) ≤ µB (x)andνA (x) ≤ νB (x)formax{µB , νB } ≤ ;
3

1
µA (x) ≥ µB (x)andνA (x) ≥ νB (x)formin{µB , νB } ≥ ;
3
Definition 7 60 Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy entropy: A real-valued function E(AI∗ ): IVIF(X) → [0, 1] is
named as an entropy on IVIFS, if E(AI∗ ) satisfies all the following properties:
­(I*1)

0 ≤ E(AI∗ ) ≤ 1.

(i) E AI∗ = 0 if AI∗ is a crisp set.

 

(ii) E(AI∗ ) iff µAI∗ (xi ) = νAI∗ (xi ).

 C
(I*2) E AI∗ = E( AI∗ ).
 

(I*3)  E AI∗ ≤ E BI∗ if A is crisper than B, which is defined as:

   

Scientific Reports | (2024) 14:6562 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-56922-5 4

Vol:.(1234567890)