ETHICS (4th ESO)

FIGHTING AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION

TWO MAIN FIGURES: MARTIN LUTHER KING AND NELSON MANDELA

TEXT
TEXT2 1

M
NELSON
ARTIN L
MUTHER
ANDELA KING
(January
(Born15,
on 1929
July 18,
– April
1918)4, 1968)

HeHeserved
was an asAmerican
President clergyman,
of South Africa activist,
fromand
1994
prominent
to 1999, leader
andin was
the theAfrican-American
first South
African
Civil Rights
president Movement.
to be elected
He is in besta known
fully
representative
for being an iconicdemocratic
figure in election.
the advancement
Before
hisof civil
presidency,
rights in theMandela
United States
was an and around
anti-
apartheid
the world, activistusing
and the nonviolent
leader of the methods
armed
wing
following
of the the African
teachingsNational
of Mahatma Congress
Gandhi.
(ANC).
King has become a national icon in the
Inhistory
1962 of he modern
was arrested
American andliberalism.
convicted of
sabotage
King was andtheother
leader
charges,
of the and1963
sentenced
Marchtoon
life
Washington,
in prison. whereMandelahe delivered
served 27his years
"I Have
in
prison,
a Dream"spending speech.
many There,
of these he years
expanded
on
Robben
American Island.
values
Following
to include his the
release
vision from
of a
prison
coloronblind
11 February
society,1990,
andMandela
establishedled hishis
party
reputation
in the as negotiations
one of thethat greatest
led toorators
multi-in
racial
American
democracyhistory.in 1994. As president, he
frequently
In 1964, Kinggavebecame
prioritythetoyoungest
reconciliation,
person to
while
receiveintroducing
the Nobel Peace policies
Prize foraimed
his workatto
combating
end racial
povertysegregation
and inequalityand in Southracial
Africa.
discrimination through civil disobedience
Mandela
and other hasnonviolent
received more
means. thanBy250 theawards
time of
over
his four
death decades,
in 1968,including
he had the refocused
1993 Nobelhis
Peace
efforts
Prize.
on ending poverty and stopping the
Vietnam War. [www.wikipedia.org]
King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in
Memphis, Tennessee.
[www.wikipedia.org]

1
 ACTIVITIES

1) Read the following sentences about MARTIN LUTHER KING and NELSON MANDELA. Decide if the
sentences are TRUE or FALSE:

1. Martin Luther King received the Nobel Peace Prize for his work against racial discrimination.
2. Nelson Mandela was sentenced to life (imprisonment).
3. Martin Luther King was the leader of the March on Washington in 1963.
4. Nelson Mandela delivered a famous speech known as “I have a dream”.
5. Martin Luther King served as President of the U.S.A. for five years.
6. Nelson Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist in South Africa.
7. Martin Luther King was assassinated in 1968.
8. Nelson Mandela fought for equality in South Africa.
9. Martin Luther King was the leader of the armed wing of the ANC until 1962.
10. Nelson Mandela used nonviolent methods following the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi

2) The text 1 says that Martin Luther King used “nonviolent methods following the teachings of
Mahatma Gandhi”. Do you know who Mahatma Gandhi was? Look up some information on the
Internet about him and write a short biography (about 100 words).

3) Explain what apartheid was.

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NOTE: In questions 2 and 3 you can use THE SIMPLE ENGLISH WIKIPEDIA:
http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page