Stack: A type of linear data structure, a stack allows elements to be added or removed

at a single point in the list, known as the top of the data structure. The Last In First

Out (LIFO) concept underpins stack data structures; that is, the element that is

inserted last in the stack will be the first to arrive. Push and pop are the terms used to

describe the insertion and deletion of elements in stacks, respectively, and top and top

pointers, respectively, are used to represent the final entry in a list.

Functions of the stack:

- Inserting a specific element onto a stack is done with the push() technique.

- removing an element from a stack is done with the pop() function.

- The top element of a given stack is returned by the top() function.

- If the supplied stack is empty, the function isEmpty() will return true;

otherwise, it will return false.

- The size of a given stack is returned by the size() method.

Queue: A type of linear data structure where items are added to a list from just one

side, referred to as the rear, and removed from only one end, referred to as the front.

First in, first out (FIFO) dictates that the element added to the list first will be the one

eliminated based on this concept, which forms the basis of the queue data structure.

The term "dequeue operation" refers to the removal of an element from a queue,

whereas "enqueue operation" refers to adding an element.

Functions of the queue:

- At the end of a queue, an element is added using the enqueue() function.

- Remove an element from the front of a queue using the dequeue() function.
- Using the isEmpty() function, one may determine whether a particular queue is

empty. Returns false otherwise, or true if the queue is empty.

- To determine whether there are any more space insertions in the list for a queue, use

the IsFull() function. A queue that is full cannot accept any additional insertions. True

is returned if the queue is full; false is returned otherwise.

- Utilizing the peek() function, one can determine the value of the element at the head

of a queue.

The following is a list of how the two data structures differ:

- The FIFO principle underpins the Queue data structure, whereas the LIFO concept

serves as the foundation for the stack data structure.

- In a queue, the insertion and deletion operations take place at various ends of the list,

whereas in a stack, they happen at one end of the list, referred to as the top. In a

queue, an insertion operation happens at the back and a deletion action happens at the

front.

- In a queue, two pointers—the front and rear pointers—are needed to access the list,

but in a stack, only one pointer, known as the top, is needed to access the list of

entries.

- Recursion-based problems are solved with stacks, whereas sequential processing-

based problems are primarily solved with queues.