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Hunt / Mello:
Instructor’s Manual - Chapter 2
Marketing
Use this Instructor’s Manual to facilitate class discussion and incorporate the unique features of the text’s highlights.
Follow-up via the Connect exercises is then encouraged to provide a holistic understanding of the chapter. Click here to
access the Connect Instructor’ s Manual for helpful suggestions, recommendations and time-saving hints.
CHAPTER FORECAST
This chapter explores the importance of strategic planning in marketing. Executing a thoughtful strategic
marketing plan is the most likely path to sustainable business success. The chapter examines the role of a
mission statement, situation analysis, marketing strategy, global marketing strategy, and other elements of
an effective marketing plan. As you read through the chapter, consider the following key questions:
1. Why is strategic planning important for 4. What tools can I use to analyze my
marketing? firm’s situation externally and internally?
2. What elements should a marketing plan 5. What strategic directions can a firm take?
include?
6. How does globalization affect marketing
3. How do I evaluate the effectiveness of a firm’s strategy?
mission statement?
7. Why is strategic planning critical for nonprofit organizations?
EXECUTIVE PERSPECTIVE
Michael Friloux
Senior Vice President of Business Development, Citynet
Michael Friloux, computer science major turned marketer, attributes his success
to social skills, work ethic and personal integrity. He explains how taking
responsibility for marketing yourself elicits success by answering the following
questions:
1. What has been the most important thing in making you successful at
your job?
2. What advice would you give soon-to-be graduates?
3. How is marketing relevant to your role at Citynet?
4. What do you consider your personal brand to be?
Woven into the chapter, you see how Michael later elaborates on:
1. The role of strategic planning in an organization (p. 31).
2. Why it’s important to clearly identify a firm’s target market (p. 38).
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
LO 2-1 Discuss the importance of strategic planning for marketing.
LO 2-2 Outline the five main components of the marketing plan.
LO 2-3 Analyze the characteristics of an effective mission statement.
LO 2-4 Explain the elements of a situation analysis.
LO 2-5 Illustrate the major strategic directions a firm might take.
LO 2-6 Discuss the strategic decisions involved in reaching international consumers.
LO 2-7 Discuss the importance of strategic planning for nonprofit firms.
KEY TERMS
competitive advantage (p. 41) market development (p. 40) situation analysis (p. 34)
direct ownership (p. 46) market penetration (p. 39) strategic planning (p. 31)
diversification (p. 40) market summary (p. 34) strategy (p. 37)
exporting (p. 44) marketing plan (p. 31) strengths (p. 35)
financial projections (p. 42) mission statement (p. 31) SWOT analysis (p. 35)
franchising (p. 45) multinational company (p. 38) target market (p. 38)
joint venture (p. 46) opportunities (p. 36) threats (p. 36)
licensing (p. 45) positioning (p. 38) weaknesses (p. 35)
market (p. 34) product development (p. 39)
CONTENT OUTLINE
The following section provides the flow of information using the LEARNING OBJECTIVES as a guide, FIGURES
and TABLES as visuals to elaborate on key areas, KEY TERMS learners will need to take away from the course
and a notation of when to use POWERPOINT SLIDES with LECTURE NOTES to drive home teaching points.
There is also a reminder on when CONNECT activities can be used, as well as tying in SOCIAL MEDIA IN
ACTION to real-world applications of marketing products. This is created so that you can facilitate in-class or
online discussion effectively.
LO 2-1 Discuss the importance of strategic planning for marketing. Key Terms:
• The Importance of Strategic Planning • Strategic planning
PowerPoint Introductory Slides: Lecture Notes:
Slides • Whether you are
marketing yourself or
some other product,
strategic planning can
greatly increase the
likelihood of success.
• Strategic planning is the
process of thoughtfu
lly defining a firm’s
objectives and
developing a method
for achieving those
objectives.
LO 2-1:
LO 2-2 Outline the five main components of the marketing plan. Key Terms:
• The Marketing Plan • Marketing plan
PowerPoint LO 2-2: Lecture Notes:
Slides • A marketing plan is part
of an organization’s
overall strategic plan,
which typically captures
other strategic areas
such as human
resources, operations,
equity structure, and a
host of other non-
marketing items.
• The marketing plan is an
action-oriented
document or playbook
that guides the
analysis,
implementation, and
control of the firm’s
marketing strategy.
• Creating a marketing
plan requires the input,
guidance, and review of
employees throughout
the various
departments of a firm,
not just the marketing
department.
• The specific format of
the marketing plan
differs from
organization to
organization.
• Most plans include an
executive summary,
situation analysis,
marketing strategy,
financials section, and
controls section.
LO 2-3 Analyze the characteristics of an effective mission statement. Key Terms:
• Mission Statement • Mission
• Executive Summary statement
considering the
following classic
questions:
o What is our
business?
o Who is our
customer?
o What is our value to
the customer?
o What will our
business be?
o What should our
business be?
• The firm should then
focus on instilling the
three primary
characteristics of a
good mission
statement:
o The mission
statement should
focus on a limited
number of goals.
o The mission
statement should
be customer
oriented and
focused on
satisfying basic
customer needs and
wants.
o Mission statements
should capture a
shared purpose and
provide motivation
for the employees
of the firm.
• A firm’s mission
statement drives many
of the other decisions
it makes, including
how best to market its
goods and services to
consumers.
• A sound mission
statement provides a
basis for developing
the marketing plan
and provides a
standard to ensure
industry.
• Dogs are products that
have small market
share in industries
with low growth rates.
• The evaluation of a
firm’s strengths,
weaknesses,
opportunities, and
threats is called a
SWOT analysis.
• The strengths and the
weaknesses aspects of
the analysis focus on
internal
characteristics.
o Strengths are
internal capabilities
that help the
company achieve its
objectives.
o Weaknesses are
internal limitations
that may prevent or
disrupt the firm’s
ability to meet its
stated objectives.
• The opportunities and
threats aspects of the
SWOT analysis focus
on the external
environment.
• Opportunities are
external factors that
the firm may be able
to capitalize on to
meet or exceed its
stated objectives.
• Threats are current
and potential external
factors that may
challenge the firm’s
short- and long-term
performance.
• While most marketing
plans examine direct
competitors
thoroughly, indirect
competitors typically
receive far less
10 Instructor’s Manual – Chapter 2 | Hunt / Mello: Marketing © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education
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miles long and 69 broad, average depth 492 feet; temperature of
water 48°; annual rainfall about 78 inches. Besides the bleak table-
land west of the Cordillera Real, the Department comprises many
beautiful valleys east of the mountains. It contains, with the capital
La Paz, several important though not large cities: Corocoro, a famed
copper centre; Sorata, north, a delightful spot, at an altitude of 8000
feet, a centre for the rubber industry and for mining; Achacachi, a big
Indian town near the Lake; Copacabana, a very sacred religious
shrine, also on the Lake; Coroicas, east in the Yungas Valley. Actual
or potential wealth of almost every kind may be found here: large
flocks of llamas, alpacas, and some vicuñas; sheep and goats, herds
of cattle and horses; vegetable products, coca, cotton, coffee,
cereals, etc.; great riches in minerals, gold, silver, tin, copper, rock
crystal, berenguela, a fine native marble, all these in fine quality and
immense quantity. The wonderfully grand and varied scenery of this
Department can be duplicated or rivalled in few quarters of the
globe.
Oruro, directly south of La Paz, between Potosí and Chile, is the
smallest of the Departments, entirely on the plateau, thus having a
much smaller range of altitude and of climate. Its wealth is in
minerals, especially silver and tin, though gold, bismuth, borax, and
sulphur are found. Alpaca, chinchilla, and wool are other products.
The capital, Oruro, 127 miles south of La Paz, while for years the
terminus of the railway from Antofagasta, became an important
commercial and industrial centre; in addition it is one of the busiest
mining districts. Half of the mining men are foreigners; a large
proportion of the ordinary population is Indian. There is also
agreeable society, with people quite up to date in Paris fashions. The
only other city in the Department is Challapata.
Cochabamba, south of El Beni, east of La Paz and west of Santa
Cruz, is sometimes called the granary of the Republic. It is a
particularly delightful region, half temperate and half semitropical,
with altitude ranging from 973 to 16,777 feet. It possesses immense
plains with innumerable herds of cattle, magnificent fertile valleys,
rich forests, and minerals.
Cochabamba, the capital, is the city next in size to La Paz, 276
miles distant; with an altitude of 8387 feet it enjoys a delightful
climate, an average temperature of 66°, and abundant rain. It has a
good club, an American Institute (a school for boys), and the least
illiteracy. The recent arrival of the railroad insures its rapid growth.
Potosí is another plateau Department, both east and south of
Oruro, bordering also on Chuquisaca and Tarija, and with Argentina
south and Chile west. It has for the most part a rather cold,
disagreeable climate, the altitude ranging from above 20,000 to a
little over 6000 feet.
The name Potosí, for centuries famous as almost a synonym for
silver, belongs also to the capital city, at a height of 13,388 feet. In
1650, when New York was a small village, it had 160,000
inhabitants. The city has an excellent mint, built in 1562, also a
superb old cathedral, a good library, and a museum. Above the town
32 artificial lakes were constructed of which 22 are still good. The
temperature varies from 9° to 59°; it is said that they have the four
seasons in one day. Even here potatoes, barley, and beans will
grow, but living is very dear. The town has foundries, engineering
shops, and 28 smelters. The Department still contains enormous
quantities of silver and tin in almost every variety of combination, and
more towns that are rich mining centres than any other Department
except La Paz. Uyuni is a town of 6000 inhabitants, Colquechaca
has a population of 8000 miners; Tupiza, soon to be reached by the
railway, is a pretty city in a pleasant valley, 66 miles from the
Argentine border.
Chuquisaca, east of Potosí and south of Cochabamba and Santa
Cruz, is much warmer, the altitude ranging from 255 to 13,450 feet.
Here also are mines of the usual varieties and petroleum too, tropical
fruits and vegetables of course, and plains with vast herds and
flocks.
Sucre, the legal capital of the Republic, altitude 9328 feet, is
situated on an arm of the Pilcomayo River. Social distinctions are
here more marked, and there is an exclusive circle agreeable to
those of the right type. Sucre, Cochabamba, and La Paz are called
the most cultured cities. More than 300 miles from La Paz in a
straight line and, as it is on the east side of the Cordillera, much
farther on horseback, which until lately was the only way to journey
thither, except for some miles of staging, Sucre is now more
accessible, as will be indicated later.
Tarija, south of Chuquisaca and southwest of Potosí, is with
Potosí the most southern of the Departments, now smaller than
formerly, since the Gran Chaco has been made a separate Territory.
Like Chuquisaca it is on the east side of the Cordillera, the greatest
altitude being 12,874 feet. The climate obviously varies from
temperate on the west to hot in the lowlands, the productions varying
similarly. There are possibilities for all varieties of grain and fruit, as
well as for stock raising; the western part lies in the silver region,
having gold and copper as well.
The capital, Tarija, 80 miles east of Tupiza, is 250 miles from
Sucre and 600 by rail from La Paz, but a few days must still be spent
in stage or on horseback. Prospects for speedy rail connection are
good when rapid development will follow.
Santa Cruz, north of Chuquisaca and east of Cochabamba is the
largest Department of all, and the richest in wild animals and
vegetation. This Department, altitude 377-9754 feet, does not reach
the great mountains, but far to the east it has a little range of its own,
the highest summits of which are just below 4000 feet. Here are
forests and prairies, cattle, tropical fruit and vegetables; cotton grows
profusely, rice, manioc, coffee, copal, rubber, what you will. Here too
is petroleum, iron, quicksilver. The white population is said to be of
purer Spanish blood than in most of the Departments, comparatively
unmixed; but as the climate is hot the people are naturally indolent.
The capital, Santa Cruz, altitude 1400 feet, 550 miles from La Paz
by way of Cochabamba, and 330 from Sucre, was founded, only
think! in 1545. It is on two of the main routes running from Bolivia to
Argentina and Paraguay. With a population of 20,000, it is quite a
city, having a variety of local industries, and being on a favored route
for the export of rubber, sugar, and coffee to Europe; but the
enormous cost and difficulty of transportation retards its progress.
Three hundred and ninety miles east near the Paraguay River is
Puerto Suarez, two hours or 11 miles by cart road from Corumbá,
Brazil, to which point steamers come from Buenos Aires. A railway
too practically reaches Corumbá from São Paulo.
El Beni, the last of the Departments, occupies the northeast
portion of Bolivia, being divided from La Paz by the Beni River. With
an area of 100,000 square miles the variation in altitude is slight,
465-2800 feet; hence everywhere a hot climate. It has hardly 40,000
inhabitants, mostly Indians. Nearly all the whites are engaged in the
rubber industry, though stock raising and agriculture are slightly
practised in the higher sections.
The capital, Trinidad, 400 miles from La Paz, with a population of
5000, is the least important of the various Department capitals,
though containing many stores and trading concerns for the sale of
imported products. Some smaller places are of greater commercial
consequence and better known, on account of their location.
Colonias. Of the Territories of Bolivia Colonias of the Northwest is
west of El Beni, and north of La Paz. Since the settlement of the
boundary dispute between Peru and Bolivia, the area of the territory
is given as 81,600 miles. It is similar in character to El Beni, a great
wilderness, full of water courses and forests, a land of wonderful
vegetation; population 40,000, besides 15,000-20,000 wild Indians,
not to mention animals, mostly wild, gorgeous birds, snakes and
insects. The swamp fevers, it is said, may be avoided by healthy
persons who use proper precautions and live on the highlands where
forest clearings permit the free course of the wind. Rain falls from
December to May, but May, June, and July are agreeable, with night
temperatures 60°-70°. In the warmest months the range is 76°-90° in
the hottest part of the day. In September cool south winds bring
sudden changes often producing colds.
The capital, Riberalta, 920 miles from La Paz, at the confluence of
the Madre de Dios and the Beni, stands on a high bank 65 feet
above the water, which the main street faces, an unusually desirable
location. Its population, perhaps 4000, is increasing rapidly with the
number of trading houses and rubber exporters who own small
steamers for river traffic.
Villa Bella, 125 miles below Riberalta, at the junction of the Beni
and Mamoré, is on comparatively high land, facing the Brazilian
town, Villa Murtinho on the other side of the Mamoré. On account of
the favorable location for export, rubber and timber property in the
vicinity is especially valuable. The climate is better than in many
other sections of the tropical lowlands.
El Oriente. This Territory, uncertain as to area and boundary, is
lowland southeast of Santa Cruz, extending to the Paraguay River,
north of the region claimed by Paraguay.
The capital, Puerto Suarez, is a small place on a bayou of the
Paraguay River facing Corumbá.
Gran Chaco. South of Santa Cruz and southeast of Tarija, of
which it was formerly a part, is the Territory of Gran Chaco, where
the boundary with Paraguay is still undetermined. Fifty-seven
thousand square miles is given as the area. Here are low lying
plains, some covered with water in the rainy season (December to
March), one or two feet deep; also open forests with palms, willows,
cedar, carobs, and quebracho; and hilly sections occupied by wild
Indians.
Yacuiba, formerly the capital, which is now transferred north to
Villa Montes, is a town 200 miles southeast of Tarija, and still the
most important place in the territory. In addition to forest riches, are
those of the plains, now harboring wild cattle, and undoubtedly
suitable for stock raising.
CHAPTER XXVI
BOLIVIA: PORTS AND TRANSPORTATION
La Paz. Bolivia unhappily has no seaport, but lake and river ports
are better than none; of these she has several. Nevertheless La Paz
is the chief port of entry with the principal Custom House, the
terminus of the three railways leading from the Pacific.
Railways
Mining