Solution Manual for Business and Administrative Communication 10th

Edition By Locker and Kienzler ISBN 0073403180 9780073403182

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Chapter 02

Adapting Your Message to Your Audience

True / False Questions

1. Common sense andempathy are themost crucial tools in audience analysis.

True False

2. According totheMyers-Briggs typology, judging typeofpeople prefer toliveina flexible,

spontaneous way, and enjoy possibilities.

True False

3. The Myers-Briggs typology states that sensing type of people are good at facts, and expect others
to be as well.
True False
4. Thebestwaytohandlethethinkingtypeofaudienceistouseemotionand personalscenariosto
showhowone'sideasvaluetheneedsofthepeopleinthe organization.

True False

5. The generational difference witnessed in office environments shows that generation X and
millenials are largely motivated by duty to a company as opposed totheolder generation who
aremotivated bywhyataskisimportant.

True False

6. Andrea Griffins works in a flat organization and thus can directly communicate with thedirector or
chief executive officer.

True False

7. One can ask questions about the importance of friendship and social relationships to analyze a
company's discourse community.

True False

8. Questions about what media, formats, and styles being preferred for communication
are a good way of understanding a company's discourse community.

True False
9. Communication channels are identical in speed, accuracy of transmission, and the ability to create
goodwill.

True False

10. Itismoreeffectivetouseawrittenchannelinsteadofanoralchannelifonewants an immediate

response from an audience.

True False

11. The political environment of an organization can impact an audience's reaction to a message.

True False

12. Itisimportanttokeepamessageasshortandcrispaspossiblewhenanaudience considers a message

unimportant.

True False

13. Agoodwaytohandleanegative audience isbyusingcondescending orhostile phrases which will

make them realize their mistake.

True False
14. Placing old information in a subordinate clause helps an audience think of background
information needed to appreciate points in a message.

True False

15. Making a message clear and unambiguous helps in handling an audience which may oppose a
message.

True False

16. Inarequestwhichistimeconsumingordifficult,itisimportanttomakethe actions seem

complex which will challenge an audience to take on the task.

True False

17. Thebestwaytopresentaudiencebenefitsisbypresentinggoodnewsinthe middle of a

message.

True False

18. Itisimportanttoavoidusingasalutationandclosethatremindanaudienceof theirmembership in

agroupifeveryoneinanaudiencesharesthesame experiences, goals, and values.

True False
19. Itisimportanttousethereader's firstname inasalutation evenifoneisnot comfortable with
first-name basis.

True False

20. Audience benefits refer to advantages that the audience gets by using services, buying products,
following policies, or adopting ideas.

True False

21. Goodwritersmaintainoneconsistentstyleandapproachforallaudiences.

True False

22. "You willbeentitled toanallexpense paidtrip toLondonifyouachieve the quarterlytargetof

150accounts" isanexample ofanintrinsicmotivator.

True False

23. Intrinsic motivators are better than extrinsic motivators because research shows that extrinsic motivators
mayactually make people less satisfied with theproducts they buy or the procedures theyfollow.

True False
24. Frederick Herzberg's study of professional employees found that the things people likedabouttheirjobs
wereallintrinsicmotivators suchasprideinachievement, and enjoyment of work and
responsibility.

True False

25. Convincing theaudienceofamessage's benefitsinvolves twomainstepsof making sure that the

benefit really will occur, and explaining it to the audience.

True False

26. Ifaudiencebenefitsdonotuseyou-attitudeinamessage,amessageislikelytobe ineffective.

True False

27. One should identify the needs, wants, and feelings that may motivate an audience if audience benefits
are difficult todevelop.

True False

28. Whiledevelopingaudiencebenefits,itisimportanttolinkthefeatureofaproduct totheaudience's

needs andprovide details to make thebenefit vivid.

True False
29. While writing for multiple audiences, it is vital to organize the message based on the decision
makers' attitudes toward it.

True False

30. One should avoid providing an overview while writing for multiple audiences because ittakes
theattention awayfrom thebody ofthemessage.

True False

Multiple Choice Questions

31. Janice, amarketing executive ataclothing retailfirm,iswriting a proposal to promote a newline of
clothing forthecompany. While writing thepresentation, shekeepsinmind,themarketing directorsof
thecompany whohavethepowerto adopttheplan.Shealsonotesthathermarketing manager will
approve orreject the proposal before itispresented to thedirectors ofthecompany. On thedayof
presenting the proposal, she notices that the promotional manager, advertising manager, and the
communications manager are also present to offer comments on the proposal. Which of the
following is most likely to be a gatekeeper for Janice's proposal?

A. Promotional Supervisor

B. Communications Manager

C. Marketing Manager

D. Marketing Director

E. Advertising Manager

32. A hasthepowertodecide whethertoacceptarecommendation ornotand every message

must reach this audience to fulfill its purpose.

A. gatekeeper

B. watchdog audience

C. primary audience

D. secondary audience

E. auxiliary audience
33. Which of the following is an example of a primary audience?

A. An attorney who uses company documents as evidence of the organization's culture and
practices
B. Asupervisor whocontrolsthepower todecide whether ornottosenda message to other
audiences
C. A company president who reads minutes of departmental meetings to stay informed, even
though he plays no direct role
D. Aclientgroup who willdecide whether ornottopurchase aproduct based ona sales proposal
E. A boardof directors whodo nothavethepower to stop a message butwill use its evaluation to
monitor future actions
34. JohnMorenoisatechnical writerwhoisworkingonatrainingmanual tohelpnew users learn the
company's data management system. Employees will use the manual in training seminars taught by
the company's trainers. The manual will also serveasanon-the-jobreference.Thetrainersandsystem
analystswhodesigned
thecomputer systemwillneedtooffertheircomments onMoreno'sdraft.What kind of an audience
will the trainers be classified as?

A. Watchdog

B. Gatekeeper

C. Primary

D. Secondary

E. Auxiliary
35. CarlosDiazworks inthecollections sectionofabank's loandepartment, andis veryefficient atwriting
professional, effective letterstocustomers whose accounts areoverdue.Thehumanresources
department askstousecopiesofsomeofhis lettersinatraining course fornewemployees toshowgood
examplesofwritten
documents. Under which of the following categories would these new employees be classified?

A. Primary audience

B. Gatekeepers

C. Watchdog audience

D. Secondary audience

E. Auxiliary audience
36. Jean Welch has recently started working as a copywriter at an advertising agency andhasbeenaskedby
hermanagertowriteaproposalforaclient'ssocialmedia campaign. Thisisthefirst time that Welch is
going to present a proposal and understands that though the company's board of directors will not
directly act on
it,they will bepaying careful attention totheinteraction between herandthe client. Which of the
following audiences can the boardof directors be categorized under?

A. Primary audience

B. Watchdog audience

C. Secondary audience

D. Auxiliary audience

E. Gatekeeper

37. Theabilitytoputyourselfinsomeoneelse'sshoesandtofeelwiththatpersonis knownas .

A. common sense

B. professionalism

C. intuition

D. empathy

E. sympathy
38. The dichotomy of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator measures how individuals prefer to focus
their attention and derive energy.

A. extroversion-introversion

B. sensing-intuition

C. thinking-feeling

D. judging-perceiving

E. channeling-formatting

39. Raymond Deanworks inthehuman resource department of a five stardeluxe hotel inLas Vegas and
needs torecruit people for thepost of floor managers in the guest relations department. These recruits
will have to be sensitive to in-house
guests' requirements and make crucial decisions keeping in mind their preferences. Which ofthe
following dichotomies ofMyers-Briggs TypeIndicator willbesthelp Dean in recruiting?

A. Sensing-intuition

B. Channeling-formatting

C. Thinking-feeling

D. Judging-perceiving

E. Extroversion-introversion
40. Rebecca Harvey, who works as a marketing executive at a travel company, was recently asked byher
manager toprovide an update onthecampaign sheis working on. Instead of giving the
manager details through a face-to-face interaction,shechosetowriteane-mail.Sheknewshe
willhavemoretimeto
formulate the campaign update if she chooses a written mode of communication. According to Myers-
Briggs Type Indicator, which of the following personality types is Harvey?

A. Extroverting

B. Intuiting
C. Thinking

D. Introverting

E. Judging

41. According totheMyers-BriggsTypeIndicator,the dichotomy measures the way

an individual prefers to take in information.

A. channeling-formatting

B. thinking-feeling

C. sensing-intuition

D. judging-perceiving

E. extroversion-introversion
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Hodgkinson. Letters on Emigration. London, 1794.
Smith, William. Address to his Constituents. Philadelphia, 1794.
Taylor, John. An Examination of the Late Proceedings of Congress,
Respecting the Official Conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury.
Philadelphia, 1793.
Contemporary Newspapers

Boston:
The Columbian Centinel.
The Independent Chronicle.
New York:
New York Daily Advertiser.
Commercial Advertiser.
New York Journal.
American Minerva.
The Argus.
The Time Piece.
Gazette of the United States.
Louden’s Diary, or Register.
Philadelphia:
National Gazette.
Gazette of the United States.
The General Advertiser.
The Aurora.
Porcupine’s Gazette.
Pennsylvania Daily Advertiser.
Baltimore:
Maryland Gazette.
Maryland Journal.
Portsmouth:
New Hampshire Gazette.
Charleston:
City Gazette.
Windsor, Vermont:
Spooner’s Vermont Journal.
Hartford:
 The Courant.
The American Minerva.
New Haven:
Connecticut Gazette.

Magazines
American Historical Review, October, 1899, January, 1900, ‘Contemporary
Opinion of the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions,’ by Frank M.
Anderson.
American Historical Association, Annual Reports, 1912, ‘The Enforcement
of the Alien and Sedition Laws,’ by Frank M. Anderson; 1896-97, ‘Letters
of Phineas Bond.’
The Nation, July 18, 1912, ‘Extracts from Diary of Moreau de St. Mery’;
September 5, 1895, ‘The Authorship of the Giles Resolutions,’ by Paul L.
Ford.
INDEX
Adams, Abigail, New York house at Richmond Hill, 16;
on removal of capital to Philadelphia, 116;
on Philadelphia, 125;
and Mrs. Bingham, 128, 129.

Adams, Abijah, bookkeeper for editor of Independent Chronicle,

imprisoned for libel, 394, 395.

Adams, John, begins ‘reign’ as Vice-President, 3;

troubled as to proper titles for the President and Vice-President, 3;
on reception of President in Senate, 3;
what is the Vice-President when the President is in Senate?, 3;
writer of ‘Discourses of Davilla,’ published in Fenno’s Gazette, 17;
on Hamilton, 37;
Jeffersonians attempt to defeat for Vice-Presidency in 1792, 181;
elected, but by small margin, 183;
candidate for Presidency, in 1796, 310;
suspects trickery, 312;
retains Washington’s Cabinet, 314;
sketch of, at time of entering on Presidency, 316-26;
Maclay on, 317;
his vanity, 318;
jealousy of Washington, 319;
difficult in conference, 320;
not in sympathy with democracy, 322;
his love of country, 323;
moral courage, 325, 326;
war with France threatened, 339;
sends special mission to France, 345;
reports failure of envoys to France, and recommends Congress to
authorize warlike measures, 363;
is ignorant that Hamilton through McHenry is dictating policy, 363;
action on publication of X Y Z papers commended, 366;
pulls down the pillars, 412;
is troubled about French situation, 412;
offers command of army to Washington, 412, 413;
conspiracy in Cabinet in favor of Hamilton, 412, 413;
 nominates Hamilton, Pinckney, and Knox as major-generals, 413;
Federalist conspirators bombard him with suggestions that Hamilton
should be second in command, 414;
war plans all in Hamilton’s hands, 418-28;
is ignorant of much going on, 426;
considers sending new mission to France, 428;
submits questions to Cabinet, for new negotiations with France or a
declaration of war, 429;
Cabinet conspirators with Hamilton write war Message, 429;
A. rewrites Message, 429, 430;
is conscious of Cabinet conspiracy, 430;
appoints Minister to France, 430;
contest with Senate over confirmation, 430, 431;
agrees to compromise, 432, 433;
confounds his Cabinet conspirators, 436-38;
depressed by Federalist defeat in New York elections in 1800, 455, 456;
suspects Hamilton, 456;
dismisses McHenry and Pickering from Cabinet, 456, 457;
defeated for Presidency, 486;
relations with Jefferson, on quitting office, 489, 490.

Adams, John Quincy, on speculation by Congressmen, 47;

on Madison, 57.

Adams, Samuel, defeated for Representative to First Congress by Fisher

Ames, 1;
looked to by Jefferson for aid in forming opposition party in
Massachusetts, 144;
chosen by Jefferson as lieutenant, 144;
presides at meeting in Boston on Jay Treaty, 278.

Adams, Thomas, editor Boston Independent Chronicle, 152;

prosecuted under Sedition Law, 393-94.

Adet, ——, Minister to United States, from French Republic, credited with
efforts to influence election in 1796, 311.
Alien Bill, aimed at Irish immigrants, 374;
French residents frightened and sail for France, 376;
passed by close vote, 379.

Allen, John, Representative from Connecticut, 379.

American Minerva, on party feeling, 232.

Ames, Fisher, Representative from Massachusetts, elected over Samuel

Adams, 1;
cynical over prospect of improvement in form of government over old
Confederation, 1;
not impressed by his fellow Congressmen, 1;
on cost of Federal Hall, 2;
on titles, 6;
Hamilton’s defender in House, 47;
on Madison, 51, 52;
disgusted with contest for site of permanent capital, 65;
on proposed amendment to Excise Bill, 73;
defends doctrine of ‘implied powers,’ 76;
elected director of Bank of United States, 90;
on Giles’s resolutions attacking Treasury management, 201, 203;
on yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia, 237;
on Madison commerce resolutions, 240, 241;
sketch of, 302-04;
makes strong plea in House for appropriations to carry out Jay Treaty,
305, 306.

An Examination of the Late Proceedings of Congress Respecting the

Official Conduct of the Secretary of the Treasury, pamphlet published in
Philadelphia, 205;
authorship attributed to John Taylor of Caroline, 206.

Assumption, favored by North, where most of State indebtedness was

unpaid, 59;
opposed by Virginia, whose debt was largely paid, 59;
defended by Madison, 61;
 lobbying for passage of bill, 61;
uneasiness of friends of, 61, 62;
Hamiltonian press comments, 63;
adopted after Hamilton’s bargain with Jefferson, 65, 68.

Aurora, The, on the Jay Treaty, 273, 274, 276, 277, 280, 286;
on Hamilton’s Reynolds pamphlet, 355, 356.

Austin, Ben, rope-maker, Jeffersonian organizer in Massachusetts, 144.

Bache, Benjamin F., editor Pennsylvania Daily Advertiser, 152.

Bank of the United States, Hamilton’s Report on, 74;

bill for establishing, 75, 76;
debate on bill in Congress, 75, 76;
constitutionality questioned, 76;
fears of veto, 77;
much speculation in stock, 87, 88;
members of Congress involved, 89;
charges of ‘corrupt squadron,’ 89;
election of directors, 90;
public indignation, 90;
bill introduced to reimburse for loan to Government, 190.

Bard, Dr. John, fashionable physician, 15.

Barnwell, Robert, Representative from South Carolina, on Giles’s

resolutions attacking Treasury management, 203.

Beckwith, ——, British Agent at Philadelphia, cultivates Madison, 80;

Jefferson on, 80;
protests Jefferson’s commendation of Paine’s Rights of Man, 83.

Biddle, Charles, resolutions of welcome to Genêt prepared at home of, 219;

leads parade in honor of Genêt, 220.
Bingham, Marie, daughter of Mrs. William Bingham, 130.

Bingham, William, elected director of Bank of United States, 90.

Bingham, Mrs. William, social leader in Philadelphia, 127, 128;

one of her fashionable gatherings described, 131-35.

Bishop, Abraham, Jeffersonian organizer in Connecticut, 145.

Black Friars, New York City club, 10.

Bloodworth, Timothy, on Excise Bill, 72;

lieutenant for Jefferson in North Carolina, 150.

Bond, Phineas, British Consul in Philadelphia, 244.

Boudinot, Elias, speculator in public securities, 62, 170;

on Giles’s resolutions attacking Treasury management, 201.

Bowen’s Wax Works, Philadelphia, 138.

Bradford, William, classmate of Madison at Princeton, 157.

Breckel, Van, Dutch Minister to United States, entertains lavishly, 13.

Breckenridge, John, of Kentucky, in conference with Jefferson on Alien and

Sedition Laws, 407;
author of the Kentucky Resolutions, 408;
sketch of, 408, 409.

Brown, John, Jeffersonian leader in Kentucky, 180.

Burk, John D., editor of New York Time Piece, arrested for sedition, 405.

Burke, Ædanus, Representative from South Carolina, makes vicious attack

on Hamilton and his financial measures, 62.
Burke, Edmund, and the French Revolution, 82.

Burr, Aaron, on wines in Philadelphia, 126, 147;

Jefferson moves to attach him to his party, 147;
fellow student of Madison at Princeton, 157;
possible candidacy of, for Vice-President in 1792, 181;
leader of Jeffersonians in New York election of 1800, 448;
sketch of, contrasted with Hamilton, 449;
combines forces with Society of Tammany, 451;
his campaign methods, 452-54;
urged for the Vice-Presidency in 1800, 455;
secures copy of Hamilton’s pamphlet attacking Adams, publishes it in
The Aurora, 478.

Butler, Pierce, Senator from South Carolina, 9;

a ‘democrat’ whose associates were aristocrats, 134;
votes against ratification of Jay Treaty, 280.

Cabot, George, sees irrevocable ruin of country, 63;

pained at attitude of Madison, 63;
candid friend and supporter of Hamilton, 63;
elected director of Bank of United States, 90;
on meeting in Boston on Jay Treaty, 278;
on Washington’s hesitation in signing Jay Treaty, 285.

Callender, James Thomas, author of pamphlet, The Prospect Before Us,

indicted and convicted under Sedition Law, 400-02;
defended by William Wirt, 401.

Capital of the Nation, battle on permanent site for, 64, 65;

bargaining to trade votes on Assumption, 65;
bargain between Hamilton and Jefferson on location of, 65, 67;
Hamilton indifferent as to location, 65;
Virginians and Marylanders want it at Georgetown, 65;
Jefferson’s part in bargain, 66.
Carrington, Edward, letter from Hamilton to, in 1792 campaign, 180.

Carroll, Charles, of Carrollton, Senator from Maryland, on titles, 5;

elected director of Bank of United States, 90;
mentioned for Vice-President in 1792, 181.

Certificates of indebtedness, issued to soldiers of Revolution, in lieu of

cash, bought up by speculators, 44, 45;
Hamilton’s plans for redemption by funding scheme known in advance to
members of Congress and friends, 46.

Charleston City Gazette, on the Jay Treaty, 281.

Chase, Samuel, Judge, and Mrs. William Bingham, 131;

presiding justice in Alien and Sedition trials, 398, 400-02.

Chateaubriand, Viscount de, on Philadelphia, 123, 125.

Chestnut Street Theater, Philadelphia, 137, 185.

Church, Mrs. Angelica, sister-in-law of Hamilton, 12;

letters on Hamilton, 39.

Cincinnati, Society of the, 48.

City Tavern, Philadelphia, 119.

Clinton, George, newspaper attack on Hamilton’s funding plans ascribed to,

50;
Jeffersonian leader in New York, 147;
in bitter fight with John Jay for governorship of New York in 1792, 178;
urged to become candidate for Vice-President in 1792, 181;
receives votes of four States, though not an avowed candidate, 183;
Jeffersonian candidate for Governor in New York election of 1800, 452.

Clymer, George, Representative from Pennsylvania, on Assumption, 58, 62;

dinner party at house of, described, 126, 127.
Cobbett, William, author of reply to Priestley’s addresses, 259;
proprietor of Porcupine’s Gazette, q.v.

Columbian Centinel, on Funding Bill, 57;

letters to, on Madison and the Funding Bill, 57;
‘Publicola’ (John Quincy Adams) attacks Jefferson, Paine, and
democracy, 84;
on Jeffersonians, 152;
on Freneau’s attacks on Hamilton, 164;
on speculative craze, 176, 178;
on Indian expedition of St. Clair, 175;
on Hamilton’s vindication of official conduct of Treasury, 199;
on French Revolution, 207, 211;
on relations with England, 220;
on the Jay Treaty, 278;
on prospects of war with France, 366;
war propaganda, 370, 371.

Congress, meets in New York City, 1;

Washington and Adams declared elected, 2;
ceremonial forms and titles excite much discussion, 3-6;
first tariff measure in, 19;
executive departments established, 19, 20;
jealousy of executive, 20;
Hamilton’s Report on Public Credit debated, 44 ff.;
debate on Funding Bill, 48 ff.;
scandal over speculation by members in certificates, Bank stock, and
scrip, 89;
‘corrupt squadron,’ 89;
bill to pay loan from Bank of United States hotly debated, 190-92;
Giles’s resolutions condemning Hamilton, debates on, 199-203;
resolutions defeated, 203;
Madison’s resolutions on Jefferson’s Report on Commerce, 240;
Non-Intercourse Act, as reply to England’s high-handed seizure of
American vessels, 244;
debates in Senate on Jay Treaty, 272;
 debate in House over right to have papers as to treaty, 298;
Alien Bill, debates on, 374-79;
Sedition Bill, debates on, 378, 380.

Connecticut Gazette, on French Revolution, 211, 212;

on Genêt, 219.

Cooper, Dr. Thomas, scientist and physician, indicted under Sedition Act,
398;
convicted and imprisoned, 399;
refuses to ask for pardon, 399.

Coxe, Tench, Assistant Secretary of Treasury under Hamilton, and location

of capital, 65.

Croswell, Joseph, poem by, on French Revolution, 208.

Dallas, Alexander James, one of Jefferson’s leaders in Pennsylvania, 148;

aids in preparations for reception of Genêt, 219;
efforts of, in case of brig Little Sarah, 227, 228;
defends Duane in prosecution under Alien Law, 396, 397.

Davie, William R., on opposition to Jay Treaty, 281.

Dayton, Jonathan, 148;

scandal over retention of public funds, 466.

Democratic Party. See Jeffersonians.

Democratic Clubs, organized, 222, 223;

Federalists insist they must be abolished, 260;
condemned by Washington in Message, 261.

Democratic Societies. See Democratic Clubs.

De Moustier, French Minister to United States, Jefferson on, 108.

Dodd, William E., quoted on Jefferson, 96.

Duane, William, editor of The Aurora, arrested and prosecuted under the
Alien Act, 396, 397;
is acquitted, 397;
indicted for sedition, 397;
assaulted and beaten by soldiers, 420;
prosecuted under Sedition Law, 442.

Duer, William, financial failure of, in 1792 starts panic, 176, 177;
threatens damaging revelations from debtors’ prison, 187.

Dunlap, William, historian of American theater, 10.

Dwight, Timothy, on newspapers, 156.

Ellsworth, Oliver, Senator from Connecticut, on titles, 4;

and the Assumption Bill, 62;
on French Revolution, 209;
efforts of, to induce Washington to send Hamilton on special mission to
England, 247;
on Washington’s delay in signing Jay Treaty, 285.

Emmet, Thomas Addis, Irish refugee (brother of Robert Emmet), of the

New York Bar, 375.

Everleigh, Nicholas, appointed Comptroller of the Treasury, 21.

Excise Bill, warm debate on, in Congress, 71, 73;

amendment proposed to prohibit revenue officers interfering in elections,
73;
debate on duration of tax, 73.

Fairfax estate, Virginia, litigation over, 281.

Federal Gazette, Freneau in, opposes Bank Bill, 78.

Federalists, policy to capitalize politically

popularity of Washington, 41;
from beginning under domination of Hamilton, 140;
favored by commercial, intellectual, and professional classes, 140;
leaders men of strength in most of the States, 140, 141;
opposition to, inevitable, 144;
denounce Democrats as conspirators, 151;
attack Jeffersonian newspapers in Federalist organs, 203, 204;
sympathies with royalists in French Revolution, 207, 208;
enforce policy of neutrality in French Revolution wars, 216;
force recall of Genêt, 231;
avert war with England and send Jay to negotiate treaty, 247;
leaders induce attacks on ‘Democratic Societies,’ 261;
defend Jay Treaty, but with wry faces, 285-88;
refuse to confirm nomination of Rutledge as Chief Justice, 289;
pass Alien and Sedition Acts, 375-80;
efforts of leaders to force war with France, 412-28;
mean war to be a Federalist war, 412;
Hamilton is to conduct war with no interference from Adams, 412;
secure appointment of Hamilton as second in command, 415;
conspire to prevent Jeffersonians from securing commissions in army,
416;
war not popular among the people at large, 418;
raising funds for war purposes difficult, 418;
taxes for war arouse resentment, 419;
recruiting slow, 421;
public refuse to believe there is to be a war, 421, 422;
Logan’s visit to France upsets Federalist war plans, 423, 424;
the war hawks disappointed, 425, 426;
Federalists determined on war, 426, 427;
Cabinet conspirators write war Message for Adams, 429;
scheme to override Adams, 430;
caucus, 430;
friends of Adams’s policy in majority, 430;
 losing ground politically in 1799, 440;
plan for changing method of counting electoral votes in Presidential
election, 441, 442;
bill passes Senate, but fails in the House, 442, 443;
spring elections of 1800 show tide running against them, 448, 451-55;
under Hamilton’s influence leaders plan to defeat Adams for Presidency,
455-58;
hints at secession from Federalist leaders in case of Jefferson’s election,
468, 470;
party split hopelessly on publication of Hamilton’s attack on Adams, 481,
482;
defeated in election, leaders conspire to have electors vote for Burr, 491;
Hamilton opposed to plan, 491-501;
plan fails, after much balloting, 506.

Fenno, John, protégé of Hamilton, establishes Gazette of the United States,

4;
his paper aspires to be the ‘court journal,’ 4;
King and Hamilton interested in financing paper, 153, 154;
patronage of government printing, 154;
death of, from yellow fever, 381.

Fenno, John Ward, son of founder of Fenno’s Gazette, continues

publication, 381.

Fitzsimons, Thomas, Representative from Pennsylvania, speculator in

certificates, 47;
Hamiltonians meet at lodgings of, 58;
and the Assumption Bill, 62;
Hamilton’s lieutenant in the House, 186;
introduces resolution asking Hamilton to report plan for redemption of
part of national debt, 186;
resolution precipitates sharp debate, 186, 187;
on Giles’s resolutions attacking Treasury management, 201.

Florida Tea Garden, New York City, 10.

Ford, Paul Leicester, quoted, on Jefferson, 199.

France, revolution in, effect of, in United States, 207;

asked to recall Genêt, 216;
Adams sends mission to, 345;
envoys unsuccessful, 363;
publication of X Y Z papers, 364, 365;
Adams recommends preparations for war with, 365.

Franchise, in 1789 limited in most of the States, 142;

property qualifications, 142;
Jefferson and, 142.

French Revolution, the, its influence in the United States, 207, 208;
Hamiltonians instinctively hostile to purposes of, 208;
denounced by leading Federalist Senators, 209;
supported by Jefferson, 210;
sympathy for, of the common people, 213;
enthusiasm for the French, 213, 214;
enthusiasm for, heightened by arrival of Genêt, 221, 222;
liberty caps and liberty poles, 222;
Democratic and Jacobin Clubs everywhere, 223;
Federalists alarmed, 223;
clubs denounced as vicious ‘nurseries of sedition,’ 223.

Freneau, Philip, ‘Poet of the Revolution,’ induced by Madison to establish

newspaper, 154;
appointed to clerkship in Department of State, 155;
establishes National Gazette, 155;
Jeffersonians aided, 155;
at once assumes leadership, 155;
paper recognized as Jefferson’s organ, 155;
arouses Federalist rage, 156;
influence of paper felt in back country, 156;
classmate of Madison, Lee, Burr, and Brockholst Livingston at Princeton,
157;
rebel by nature, 158;
 his career in the Revolutionary War, 158, 159;
Gazette carefully watched by Hamilton, 163;
attacks Hamilton’s policies, 164-68;
attacked anonymously in Fenno’s Gazette, 168;
his dignified reply, 168;
denies any connection of Jefferson with his paper, 169;
renews crusade against Hamilton’s financial policies, 195, 196;
contrast of newspaper with Fenno’s, 163;
criticisms of acts of Administration, 163;
‘Brutus’ article, 164;
‘Sidney’ articles open attacks on Hamilton, 164, 165;
controversy with Fenno, 166, 167;
charges Hamilton with authorship of anonymous articles in Fenno’s
Gazette, 169, 170;
‘Patriot’ articles in National Gazette, 195-97;
analyzes votes in Congress vindicating Hamilton’s financial policies,
204;
on Genêt and French Revolution, 218, 219;
begins series of attacks on Washington, 221.

Funding of debt, Hamilton’s scheme for, well received, 44;

protests against, because of speculations in certificates, 45.

Funding Bill, acrimonious debate on, in Congress, before passage, 48 ff.

Gallatin, Albert, Representative in Pennsylvania Legislature, denounces

Hamilton’s Excise Bill, 70;
leading Jeffersonian in Pennsylvania, 149;
elected to Senate from Pennsylvania, but not allowed to take seat, on
technicality, 289;
elected as Representative, 289;
sketch of, 292-94.

Gates, Horatio, Jeffersonian candidate in New York elections of 1800, 452.

Gazette of the United States, ‘court journal,’ 4, 10;

 Adams’s ‘Discourses of Davilla’ published in, 17;
Fenno defends speculation in public securities, 48;
Fenno in, on criticisms of proceedings of Congress, 57;
on Funding Bill, 57;
attacks in, on ‘demagogues,’ 63;
on Bank, 79;
Fenno’s verses on passage of Bank Bill, 79;
probably established with aid of Rufus King, 153;
Hamilton interested in raising money for, 154;
tone pro-English, 154;
received government patronage, 154;
controversy with National Gazette, 166-70;
Fenno engages in controversy with Freneau, 166, 167, 169;
on Hamilton’s defense of official conduct of Treasury, 199;
on Boston Argus, 203;
on French Revolution, 211;
on attacks on Washington, 221;
‘Pacificus’ letters in, by Hamilton, 225, 226;
attacks on Jefferson, 233;
on the Jay Treaty, 282.

Geisse’s Tavern, Philadelphia, 121.

General Advertiser, on defeat of Jay by Clinton in New York election, 178.

Genêt, Edmond Charles, Minister from the French Republic, arrives in

Charleston, 124;
enthusiastically received everywhere, 218;
his progress to Philadelphia continuous ovation, 218;
formally welcomed at Philadelphia by people, 219, 220;
cordially received by Jefferson, 220;
cold reception of, by Washington, 220;
impudent conduct of, 224.

Giles, William Branch, Representative from Virginia, in favor of Excise

Bill, 71, 72;
opposes Bank Bill, 76;
 organizer for Jefferson in Virginia, 149;
opposes bill to repay loan from Bank of United States, 190, 191;
his personal characteristics, 192;
a giant in debate, 194;
selected by Jefferson to lead in attacks on Hamilton’s financial policies,
195, 197;
presents resolutions demanding information from Secretary of the
Treasury, 197;
presents resolutions condemning Hamilton’s conduct in management of
Treasury, 199-203;
in conference of Jeffersonian leaders, 205;
on Madison commerce resolutions, 241.

Golden Lion, the, Philadelphia tavern, 120.

Goodrich, Chauncey, on adoption of French Revolution titles, 222.

Gove, Christopher, prominent Massachusetts Federalist, 47;

speculates largely in certificates, 47.

Granger, Gideon, Democratic leader in Connecticut, 145.

Gray’s Gardens, on the Schuylkill, 121, 122.

Graydon, Rev. Alexander, on yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia, 237.

Greenleaf, Thomas, editor New York Journal, 152.

Grenville, Lord William Wyndham, negotiates treaty with John Jay, 269-71.

Grout, Jonathan, opposes Bank Bill, 76.

Gunn, Georgia Senator, votes for ratification with Jay, 283;

burned in effigy along with Jay, 283.

Hamilton, Alexander, an interested spectator at Washington’s inaugural, 7;

 appointed Secretary of the Treasury, 21;
a portrait, 22-42;
his personal appearance, 22;
his birth, illegitimate, 23;
his mother brilliant and high-strung, 23;
his ambition always military, 24;
comes from the West Indies to America, 25;
his genius that of writer and thinker on governmental affairs, rather than
as soldier, 25;
his Federalist writings, 26;
master of invective, 26;
a persuasive orator, 26, 27;
refused permission by Congress to present his reports personally, 27;
essentially an aristocrat, 28;
ideal of government ‘the rule of gentlemen,’ supported by a strong
military force, 29;
distrusted always a democracy, 29;
held public opinion of no value, 29;
disapproved of the Constitution as adopted, but urged its ratification as
better than nothing, 30;
his own plan presented to the Constitutional Convention radically
different from that adopted, 30, 31;
his republic to be an aristocratic republic, with the States as States
abolished, 31;
took little part in Constitutional Convention, 32;
large factor in making the Convention possible, and in securing
ratification of Constitution, 32, 33;
his sense of system, 33;
capable of long-sustained exertion, 33, 34;
a hard fighter, 34;
honesty, 34;
as a party leader, lacking in tact, 35;
never consulted, but directed, 35;
egotistical and vain, 36;
lacking in judgment in handling of men, 36;
unnecessarily offended sensibilities, 36, 37;
lacked sympathy always with the ‘common man,’ 37;