Festus Berur Kiprop – law/mg/2677/09/21

Aristotle
Aristotle’s (BC384-322) is considered by many to be the father of Natural Law. In Rhetoric, he
argues that aside from “particular” laws that each person has set up for himself or people set up
for themselves, there is a “common law” or “higher law” that is according to nature.

Aristotle’s contribution to jurisprudence is based on his view of natural law as universal and
higher in status. In the time of Aristotle, it was believed that laws were only local and changeable
by arbitration of rulers or societal norms, Aristotle viewed this believe as false looking through
the lenses of natural law. He contended that there exist universal and eternal moral standards that
must direct all civilizations in this world. He thought that these precepts were higher than human
statutes. The idea that the natural law exists universally and above all is pivotal when considering
the formation of international law or basic human rights. This shows that morals exist beyond the
physical and cultural boundaries thus making the idea of universal ethics and justice.

Next, Aristotle’s teleological approach comes by introducing the notion of natural purposes all
beings ought to have. Teleology is the reasoning that attempts to infer what us meaningful in a
thing by focusing on the purpose the thing serves. It means that teleology is an approach that
explains the aims and purposes of human actions, as well as social institutions. This has had an
impact on modern jurisprudence where legal principles are based on the intention as opposed t
actual conduct or outcome. For example, if a ladder is designed to reach high-level places and
yet this product is defective, then the producer can be accused since the device failed to ensure
the required safety measures to fulfill the purpose of its function.

Furthermore, Aristotle’s significant contribution to normative jurisprudence lies in his emphasis

on the supremacy of reason in legal and moral judgments. According to Aristotle, the reason
should be placed at the core of legal and moral judgments. He asserted that laws and moral
judgements ought to follow reason and the dictates of nature’s law. The reason was essential to
understand the difference between right and wrong or good and evil. This can be seen in various
criminal law jurisdiction where Aristotle places great importance on the power of reason when
making legal and moral judgements about an individual’s crimes. It is worth noting that
“Innocent until proven guilty” embodies a rational approach where a modern court has to prove a
prosecutor in doubt, and no one should convict people because of guesswork and emotions.

In conclusion, Aristotle’s contribution in normative jurisprudence illuminates the enduring

connections between human nature, universal natural law, teleology, and reason in legal and
moral judgements
physical and cultural
boundaries thus making the
idea of universal ethics and
justice.
Next, Aristotle’s
teleological approach
comes by introducing
the notion of
natural purposes all
beings ought to have.
Teleology is the
reasoning that
attempts to infer what is
meaningful in a thing by
focusing on the purpose the
thing serves. The acorn nut
analogy illustrates anything
that is natural such as a
thought of a person
should be taken as
good, and in other
cases will be
considered evil.
Accordingly, it is this
discussion of what is good
and bad that
grounds Aristotle’s
thinking in his moral
philosophy. It means that
teleology is
an approach that explains
the aims and purposes of
human actions, as well as
social institutions. This has
had an impact on modern
jurisprudence where legal
principles are based on the
intention as opposed to
actual conduct or outcome.
For example, if a ladder is
designed for safety to reach
high-level places and yet
this product is defective,
then the producer can be
accused since the device
failed to ensure the
required safety measures
to fulfill the purpose
of its
function.
Furthermore, Aristotle's
significant contribution to
normative jurisprudence
lies
in his emphasis on the
supremacy of reason in
legal and moral judgments.
According to Aristotle,
reason should be placed at
the core of legal and moral
judgments. He asserted that
laws and moral judgments
ought to follow reason
and the dictates of
nature’s law. The reason
was essential for
Aristotle to
understand the difference
between right and wrong or
good and evil. This can
be seen in various
criminal law
jurisdictions where
Aristotle places great
importance on the power of
reason when making legal
and moral judgments
about an individual’s
crimes. It is worth noting
that “Innocent until
proven
guilty” embodies a
rational approach where a
modern court has to
prove a
prosecutor in doubt, and no
one should convict people
because of guesswork
and emotions.
In conclusion, Aristotle's
contribution in normative
jurisprudence illuminates
the enduring connections
between human nature,
universal natural law,
teleology, and reason in
legal and moral judgments.
physical and cultural
boundaries thus making the
idea of universal ethics and
justice.
Next, Aristotle’s
teleological approach
comes by introducing
the notion of
natural purposes all
beings ought to have.
Teleology is the
reasoning that
attempts to infer what is
meaningful in a thing by
focusing on the purpose the
thing serves. The acorn nut
analogy illustrates anything
that is natural such as a
thought of a person
should be taken as
good, and in other
cases will be
considered evil.
Accordingly, it is this
discussion of what is good
and bad that
grounds Aristotle’s
thinking in his moral
philosophy. It means that
teleology is
an approach that explains
the aims and purposes of
human actions, as well as
social institutions. This has
had an impact on modern
jurisprudence where legal
principles are based on the
intention as opposed to
actual conduct or outcome.
For example, if a ladder is
designed for safety to reach
high-level places and yet
this product is defective,
then the producer can be
accused since the device
failed to ensure the
required safety measures
to fulfill the purpose
of its
function.
Furthermore, Aristotle's
significant contribution to
normative jurisprudence
lies
in his emphasis on the
supremacy of reason in
legal and moral judgments.
According to Aristotle,
reason should be placed at
the core of legal and moral
judgments. He asserted that
laws and moral judgments
ought to follow reason
and the dictates of
nature’s law. The reason
was essential for
Aristotle to
understand the difference
between right and wrong or
good and evil. This can
be seen in various
criminal law
jurisdictions where
Aristotle places great
importance on the power of
reason when making legal
and moral judgments
about an individual’s
crimes. It is worth noting
that “Innocent until
proven
guilty” embodies a
rational approach where a
modern court has to
prove a
prosecutor in doubt, and no
one should convict people
because of guesswork
and emotions.
In conclusion, Aristotle's
contribution in normative
jurisprudence illuminates
the enduring connections
between human nature,
universal natural law,
teleology, and reason in
legal and moral judgments.
physical and cultural
boundaries thus making the
idea of universal ethics and
justice.
Next, Aristotle’s
teleological approach
comes by introducing
the notion of
natural purposes all
beings ought to have.
Teleology is the
reasoning that
attempts to infer what is
meaningful in a thing by
focusing on the purpose the
thing serves. The acorn nut
analogy illustrates anything
that is natural such as a
thought of a person
should be taken as
good, and in other
cases will be
considered evil.
Accordingly, it is this
discussion of what is good
and bad that
grounds Aristotle’s
thinking in his moral
philosophy. It means that
teleology is
an approach that explains
the aims and purposes of
human actions, as well as
social institutions. This has
had an impact on modern
jurisprudence where legal
principles are based on the
intention as opposed to
actual conduct or outcome.
For example, if a ladder is
designed for safety to reach
high-level places and yet
this product is defective,
then the producer can be
accused since the device
failed to ensure the
required safety measures
to fulfill the purpose
of its
function.
Furthermore, Aristotle's
significant contribution to
normative jurisprudence
lies
in his emphasis on the
supremacy of reason in
legal and moral judgments.
According to Aristotle,
reason should be placed at
the core of legal and moral
judgments. He asserted that
laws and moral judgments
ought to follow reason
and the dictates of
nature’s law. The reason
was essential for
Aristotle to
understand the difference
between right and wrong or
good and evil. This can
be seen in various
criminal law
jurisdictions where
Aristotle places great
importance on the power of
reason when making legal
and moral judgments
about an individual’s
crimes. It is worth noting
that “Innocent until
proven
guilty” embodies a
rational approach where a
modern court has to
prove a
prosecutor in doubt, and no
one should convict people
because of guesswork
and emotions.
In conclusion, Aristotle's
contribution in normative
jurisprudence illuminates
the enduring connections
between human nature,
universal natural law,
teleology, and reason in
legal and moral judgments.
physical and cultural
boundaries thus making the
idea of universal ethics and
justice.
Next, Aristotle’s
teleological approach
comes by introducing
the notion of
natural purposes all
beings ought to have.
Teleology is the
reasoning that
attempts to infer what is
meaningful in a thing by
focusing on the purpose the
thing serves. The acorn nut
analogy illustrates anything
that is natural such as a
thought of a person
should be taken as
good, and in other
cases will be
considered evil.
Accordingly, it is this
discussion of what is good
and bad that
grounds Aristotle’s
thinking in his moral
philosophy. It means that
teleology is
an approach that explains
the aims and purposes of
human actions, as well as
social institutions. This has
had an impact on modern
jurisprudence where legal
principles are based on the
intention as opposed to
actual conduct or outcome.
For example, if a ladder is
designed for safety to reach
high-level places and yet
this product is defective,
then the producer can be
accused since the device
failed to ensure the
required safety measures
to fulfill the purpose
of its
function.
Furthermore, Aristotle's
significant contribution to
normative jurisprudence
lies
in his emphasis on the
supremacy of reason in
legal and moral judgments.
According to Aristotle,
reason should be placed at
the core of legal and moral
judgments. He asserted that
laws and moral judgments
ought to follow reason
and the dictates of
nature’s law. The reason
was essential for
Aristotle to
understand the difference
between right and wrong or
good and evil. This can
be seen in various
criminal law
jurisdictions where
Aristotle places great
importance on the power of
reason when making legal
and moral judgments
about an individual’s
crimes. It is worth noting
that “Innocent until
proven
guilty” embodies a
rational approach where a
modern court has to
prove a
prosecutor in doubt, and no
one should convict people
because of guesswork
and emotions.
In conclusion, Aristotle's
contribution in normative
jurisprudence illuminates
the enduring connections
between human nature,
universal natural law,
teleology, and reason in
legal and moral judgments.
physical and cultural
boundaries thus making the
idea of universal ethics and
justice.
Next, Aristotle’s
teleological approach
comes by introducing
the notion of
natural purposes all
beings ought to have.
Teleology is the
reasoning that
attempts to infer what is
meaningful in a thing by
focusing on the purpose the
thing serves. The acorn nut
analogy illustrates anything
that is natural such as a
thought of a person
should be taken as
good, and in other
cases will be
considered evil.
Accordingly, it is this
discussion of what is good
and bad that
grounds Aristotle’s
thinking in his moral
philosophy. It means that
teleology is
an approach that explains
the aims and purposes of
human actions, as well as
social institutions. This has
had an impact on modern
jurisprudence where legal
principles are based on the
intention as opposed to
actual conduct or outcome.
For example, if a ladder is
designed for safety to reach
high-level places and yet
this product is defective,
then the producer can be
accused since the device
failed to ensure the
required safety measures
to fulfill the purpose
of its
function.
Furthermore, Aristotle's
significant contribution to
normative jurisprudence
lies
in his emphasis on the
supremacy of reason in
legal and moral judgments.
According to Aristotle,
reason should be placed at
the core of legal and moral
judgments. He asserted that
laws and moral judgments
ought to follow reason
and the dictates of
nature’s law. The reason
was essential for
Aristotle to
understand the difference
between right and wrong or
good and evil. This can
be seen in various
criminal law
jurisdictions where
Aristotle places great
importance on the power of
reason when making legal
and moral judgments
about an individual’s
crimes. It is worth noting
that “Innocent until
proven
guilty” embodies a
rational approach where a
modern court has to
prove a
prosecutor in doubt, and no
one should convict people
because of guesswork
and emotions.
In conclusion, Aristotle's
contribution in normative
jurisprudence illuminates
the enduring connections
between human nature,
universal natural law,
teleology, and reason in
legal and moral judgments.
physical and cultural
boundaries thus making the
idea of universal ethics and
justice.
Next, Aristotle’s
teleological approach
comes by introducing
the notion of
natural purposes all
beings ought to have.
Teleology is the
reasoning that
attempts to infer what is
meaningful in a thing by
focusing on the purpose the
thing serves. The acorn nut
analogy illustrates anything
that is natural such as a
thought of a person
should be taken as
good, and in other
cases will be
considered evil.
Accordingly, it is this
discussion of what is good
and bad that
grounds Aristotle’s
thinking in his moral
philosophy. It means that
teleology is
an approach that explains
the aims and purposes of
human actions, as well as
social institutions. This has
had an impact on modern
jurisprudence where legal
principles are based on the
intention as opposed to
actual conduct or outcome.
For example, if a ladder is
designed for safety to reach
high-level places and yet
this product is defective,
then the producer can be
accused since the device
failed to ensure the
required safety measures
to fulfill the purpose
of its
function.
Furthermore, Aristotle's
significant contribution to
normative jurisprudence
lies
in his emphasis on the
supremacy of reason in
legal and moral judgments.
According to Aristotle,
reason should be placed at
the core of legal and moral
judgments. He asserted that
laws and moral judgments
ought to follow reason
and the dictates of
nature’s law. The reason
was essential for
Aristotle to
understand the difference
between right and wrong or
good and evil. This can
be seen in various
criminal law
jurisdictions where
Aristotle places great
importance on the power of
reason when making legal
and moral judgments
about an individual’s
crimes. It is worth noting
that “Innocent until
proven
guilty” embodies a
rational approach where a
modern court has to
prove a
prosecutor in doubt, and no
one should convict people
because of guesswork
and emotions.
In conclusion, Aristotle's
contribution in normative
jurisprudence illuminates
the enduring connections
between human nature,
universal natural law,
teleology, and reason in
legal and moral judgments.
physical and cultural
boundaries thus making the
idea of universal ethics and
justice.
Next, Aristotle’s
teleological approach
comes by introducing
the notion of
natural purposes all
beings ought to have.
Teleology is the
reasoning that
attempts to infer what is
meaningful in a thing by
focusing on the purpose the
thing serves. The acorn nut
analogy illustrates anything
that is natural such as a
thought of a person
should be taken as
good, and in other
cases will be
considered evil.
Accordingly, it is this
discussion of what is good
and bad that
grounds Aristotle’s
thinking in his moral
philosophy. It means that
teleology is
an approach that explains
the aims and purposes of
human actions, as well as
social institutions. This has
had an impact on modern
jurisprudence where legal
principles are based on the
intention as opposed to
actual conduct or outcome.
For example, if a ladder is
designed for safety to reach
high-level places and yet
this product is defective,
then the producer can be
accused since the device
failed to ensure the
required safety measures
to fulfill the purpose
of its
function.
Furthermore, Aristotle's
significant contribution to
normative jurisprudence
lies
in his emphasis on the
supremacy of reason in
legal and moral judgments.
According to Aristotle,
reason should be placed at
the core of legal and moral
judgments. He asserted that
laws and moral judgments
ought to follow reason
and the dictates of
nature’s law. The reason
was essential for
Aristotle to
understand the difference
between right and wrong or
good and evil. This can
be seen in various
criminal law
jurisdictions where
Aristotle places great
importance on the power of
reason when making legal
and moral judgments
about an individual’s
crimes. It is worth noting
that “Innocent until
proven
guilty” embodies a
rational approach where a
modern court has to
prove a
prosecutor in doubt, and no
one should convict people
because of guesswork
and emotions.
In conclusion, Aristotle's
contribution in normative
jurisprudence illuminates
the enduring connections
between human nature,
universal natural law,
teleology, and reason in
legal and moral judgments.
physical and cultural
boundaries thus making the
idea of universal ethics and
justice.
Next, Aristotle’s
teleological approach
comes by introducing
the notion of
natural purposes all
beings ought to have.
Teleology is the
reasoning that
attempts to infer what is
meaningful in a thing by
focusing on the purpose the
thing serves. The acorn nut
analogy illustrates anything
that is natural such as a
thought of a person
should be taken as
good, and in other
cases will be
considered evil.
Accordingly, it is this
discussion of what is good
and bad that
grounds Aristotle’s
thinking in his moral
philosophy. It means that
teleology is
an approach that explains
the aims and purposes of
human actions, as well as
social institutions. This has
had an impact on modern
jurisprudence where legal
principles are based on the
intention as opposed to
actual conduct or outcome.
For example, if a ladder is
designed for safety to reach
high-level places and yet
this product is defective,
then the producer can be
accused since the device
failed to ensure the
required safety measures
to fulfill the purpose
of its
function.
Furthermore, Aristotle's
significant contribution to
normative jurisprudence
lies
in his emphasis on the
supremacy of reason in
legal and moral judgments.
According to Aristotle,
reason should be placed at
the core of legal and moral
judgments. He asserted that
laws and moral judgments
ought to follow reason
and the dictates of
nature’s law. The reason
was essential for
Aristotle to
understand the difference
between right and wrong or
good and evil. This can
be seen in various
criminal law
jurisdictions where
Aristotle places great
importance on the power of
reason when making legal
and moral judgments
about an individual’s
crimes. It is worth noting
that “Innocent until
proven
guilty” embodies a
rational approach where a
modern court has to
prove a
prosecutor in doubt, and no
one should convict people
because of guesswork
and emotions.
In conclusion, Aristotle's
contribution in normative
jurisprudence illuminates
the enduring connections
between human nature,
universal natural law,
teleology, and reason in
legal and moral judgments.