14 MLR cel er orn ies ea The circulatory system pumps nutrients and oxygen around the body. Blood lacking oxygen enters the right atrium of the heart through the vena cava. The heart pumps this blood through a valve and into the right ventricle. it travels through pulmonary arteries to the lungs and receives oxygen. It travels back to the heart through pulmonary veins, The heart pumps the blood out through the aorta, It flows through capillaries in the body and delivers ‘oxygen. The blood travels back | through veins and the cycle repeats. But sometimes disruptions in the cycle occur. The heart may not pump —_| blood effectively. This is called an arrhythmia. Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 11 What does a person’s circulatory system do? 2 What problems do people experience related to their circulatory system? Reading © Read the poster in a medical office about the circulatory system. Then, fill in the blanks with the correct words from the word bank. word) aorta lungs circulatory The human system delivers nutrients to parts of the body. Blood enters the heart's right one - It travels to the right ventricle. And then into the & through pulmonary arteries. It receives oxygen and travels back to the heart. The heart pumps the blood out through the 4 . The blood delivers 6 to the body. oxygen atrium ere eemst ™, Vocabulary © Match the words (1-7) with the definitions (A-G). 1 _ vena cava 5 _ artery 2 _ atrium 6 _ capillary 3 _ valve 7 _ ventricle 4 _ pulmonary A. a small tube that lets blood and tissue ‘exchange nutrients fone of the two upper chambers of the heart ‘one of the two mejor veins that carries blood to the heart relating to the lungs a tube that carries blood from the heart to the body’ « structure in the heart that opens and closes: ‘space in the heart that holds blood@ Read the sentence pairs. Choose the sentence that, Speaking uses the underlined part correctly. Owith apartner, act out the 1 A Your heart pumps blood and keeps you alive. roles below based on Task 7. B A capillary s a structure that opens and closes. ‘Then, switch roles. 2A Your veins cary blood back othe hear. aiinomer siete ST) B Anatrium isa tube in your lungs. 1 have your test results back. 'A The aorta sends blood from the heart tothe rest of the What thar sev? body. Is there any treatment for this? B Your arteries carry blood back to the heart from the body. 4 A The vena cava lets blood and tissue exchange nutrients. ‘Student A: You are a patient. And you are receiving a medical test. a I B_An arrhythmia can make your heart beat abnormally. ‘Ask Student B questions to find : d out: © @ Listen and read the poster again. How is oxygen © test results: distributed around the body? * explanation of condition istening Screen oer @ Listen to a conversation between a nurse and a Student B: You are a nurse patient. Choose the correct answers. ae ee ee 41. What s the main idea ofthe dialogue? Student A's questions ‘A. explaining a patients condition B checking the results ofa treatment ses testing @ patient fora heart condition Wiiting D_ scheduling an appointment for treatment © Use the conversation from Task 8 to fill out the test 2. What is wrong with the patiant's heer’? results form. A Ithas a small tear init. SHEE B thas a clog in the atria. a a © tis not pumping blood fast enough D Its valves are not functioning correctly. | Medical Test | Results Patient Name: Test Results: Detecting an _ @ Listen again and complete the conversation, Nurse: Good afternoon, Fred. | have your 1 back. lent: What do they say? Woll, we're detecting an 2 ent: Oh. What exactly does that mean? Nurse: It means that your heart 3 ‘through the atria properly. Is there any 4 for this? lurse: Yes. We're going to start you on medication and see 5. . Luckily, this form of arrhythmia isn't too serious. Well that’s 6 to hear. oO Seriousness: _ Treatment Plan: _ ann aren't pumping blood16 vi The Respiratory System Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What does the respiratory system do? 2 What are some common problems with the respiratory system? SMOKING: KNOW THE RISKS ‘Your respiratory system is important. The oxygen you need gets to the lungs through the bronchial tubes. Alveoliin the lungs give oxygen passage into the bloodstream. It also removes toxic carbon dioxide from your body. ‘Smoking damages every part of this Process. Smoking can lead to ‘emphysema. This disease destroys alveoli. This impairs their function, ‘carbon dioxide ‘Smoking can hurt the people around you, too. Research suggests inhaling second-hand smoke isa leading cause of asthma. Asthma sufferers’ bronchial tubes swell, making breathing difficut. Not smoking or quitting can decrease your chances of developing these diseases. bronchial tubes. makes breathing difficult and raises carbon dioxide levels. ‘Smoking may also cause lung cancer. The lungs’ epithelial cells start growing uncontrollably. Reading © Read the hospital poster. Then, choose the correct answers, 1 Whats th maine of tho poster? 1 tngeanow 8 aco A steps to quitting smoking 2 __ oxygen 6 __ bronchial tube B thethnesses hat smoking causes 3 _epiheialeal = 7 ng C repairing the damage caused by smoking 4 __ emphysema uty cut D_ wiry people have diiiculy quiting emoking A asmall part that makes up lining tissue 2. Which ofthe folowing aces gases tothe bcod? B te organ ved to breathe ‘A lungs epithelial cells © the sacs that bring oxygen into the bloodstream B alveoli D bronchial tubes D the gas that people breathe in : i om the wndbe 3 What can you ifr abou emphysema? oi peeety meromronak ean neierey ® Hie caused by.seoond-hand emote F a condition in which cells in the lungs grow B It destroys the alveoli uncontrollably © ttmakes the aveo! grow uncontrlaby Aeneas D It decreases the amount of oxygen in the blood. Vocabulary © Match the words or phrases (1-7) with the definitions (A-G).. properly absorbing and expelling gases@ Fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases from the word bank. {OF cl meme asthma respiratory system 1. Smoking causes extensive damage to the 2 Emphysema causes higher levels of in the blood, 8 Jennifer doesn’t smoke, but she has from being around ‘smokers. © &@ Listen and read the poster again. What conditions can be attributed to smoking? Listening @ G Listen to a conversation between a nurse and a patient. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The woman's children have asthma. 2 __ Quitting heals lung damage caused by smoking, 3 __ The woman decides to quit smoking. D @ Listen again and complete the conversation, Hi, Mr, Bake. Ihave afow 1 __ >) before the doctor sees you. Are you stil. 2 Yes, but not very much. Stil, you need to quit. You understand the risks, don't you? Of course. | know it causes 3 Yes. Plus, people around you are at risk of developing 4 | know. And I don't want my kids getting it. But quitting is really hard. Italso helps heal the damage to your 5 and bronchial tubes, Well 6 Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7, Then, switch roles. ‘Are you stil smoking? ¥ | know it causes lung cancer. People around you are at risk. Student A: You are a nurse and you're talking to a patient about smoking. Tell Student B about: ‘+ the risks of smoking © second-hand smoke + the benefts of quitting ‘Student B: You are a patient who smokes. ‘Answer Student A’s questions. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to fill out the pamphlet. Quitting ‘Smoking YOU Use this tist to remember why you want to stop. can 4 Look at it whenever you t feel like smoking. Pree eaa eedPatient: Virginia Hansen Physician: James McEnroy, M.D. Reason for visit: Virginia is complaining Of sharp stomach paif.and cramping She is also experiencing occasional jarrhea. Examination notes: Lfind no evidence vf chroat or esophagus problems.12's°, Sonot think ivis likely that che patient > discomforts from an ulcer. Its Poss dicitis, The the patient has appendicitis re ied conducting of further tests is nee ‘arrow the possible causes of the ‘patient's discomfort. Recommendations for treatment: di scopy to {am recommendinga colonoscopy so rule out any damage to the co jon. cedut inspe ‘edure isto include an Pear palintestine and het arse intestine as well. Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these \ questions. 1. What are the functions of the digestive system? ‘2 What types of diseases affect the digestive system? (Gramping ) > Reading © Read the patient summary. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The patient's discomfort is caused by an. ulcer. 2 __ The doctor plans to conduct further tests. 3. __ The doctor expects to find esophagus damage. Vocabulary © Write a word or phrase that is si meaning to the underlined part. lar in 41 The muscular, holl ins strong acids used to digest food can expand rapidly during meals. s__m__h 2. Swallowing liquids that are too hot burns the mouth and muscular tube that passes food to thestomach, __o___g_s 3. The final part of the digestive system plays an important part in the absorption of water. Omer 4 If left untrested, the condition of having loose of liquid bowel movements can be a fatal disease. dagen. 5 The part ofthe digestive system where the majority of the digestion and absorption of food takes place is just as important as the stomach, but the stomach’s function is more widely known, _mll _n__s___eblanks with the correct words: is, colonoscopy, cramping, ulcer, stomach is. 2 he ate undercooked food. ‘is usually caused by acids. ‘s having a(n) next to check for cancer in his digestive system. doctor said Jeremy needs to have surgery diately because he has is a very important again — ——_—_ of the large intestine. ten and read the patient summary gain, Why should a colonoscopy be ed? ning Listen to a conversation between a nurse da patient. Choose the correct answers. ‘What is the conversation mainly about? A the results of a colonoscopy B the dangers of having appendicitis © apossible diagnosis and procedure D a patient's history of stomach pain What does the man say about appendicitis? A Itvery rarely leads to death. B Itis less painful than an ulcer. © tis more common than ulcers are. D Itis usually detected by a colonoscopy. @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Nurse: How are you 1 CL @) Patient: The same. | still have the 2 pain 1s before. Nurse: I'm sorry to hear that. Does the doctor know what's wrong yet? = Well, he doesn't think I's an 3 He believes you might have 4 though, Really? isn't that deadly sometimes? Very rarely. He's also recommending a 5. ‘to make sure there's nothing ‘wrong with your colon or 6 ls that okay with you? Yes. I'm willing to do whatever it takes. Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. | still have the stomach pai ¥ Does the doctor know what's wrong yet? He's also recommending @ colonoscopy. ‘Student A: You are a patient and you are talking toa nurse about your doctor's thoughts and recommendations. Talk to Student B about: '* what the doctor thinks is causing the pain ‘© how dangerous the condition is © what happens next Student B: You are a nurse. Answer Student A's auestions. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to fill out the patient summary. ». aA _— LONGMAN HOSPITAL Patient Summary Patient name: _ Reason for visit: The patient is experiencing Examination notes: After examining find that Recommendations for treatment: | am orderingLo escorts Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What do nurses look for during physical assessments? 2 What physical conditions are hard to find during physical assessments? 1. Introduce yourself and obtain verbal _ 5, Perform palpation of skin and consent to perform the exam. abdomen. Check for pain or tender 2. Collect demographic data. This mo includes the age and sex of the 6. Perform auscultation of the patient. Patient's heart and lungs. Check \pas188ion_) 3, Collect information about the Gieiy regular sounds, patient's general appearance. 7. Perform percussion of the s 4 Assess body build and affect. patient’s'abdomen and chest. SH S 4. Pertorm an inspection of skin, hair, and body. Check for any - abnormal spots. ‘auscultation Reading Vocabulary © Read the instructions from Baymont © Match the words or phrases (1-6) with the Hospital. Then, choose the correct answers. definitions (A-F). 1. What does this passage instruct nurses to do? 1 _ inspection 4 __ demographic A collect demographic data 2 __ objective data 5 _ body build B perform a physical exam 3 __ percussion 6 __ auscultation assess body bulld and affect A. the process of examining the body by tapping D perform auscultation various parts 2. What should nurses do while performing B health information that an observer can see and Palpation of the skin? test ‘A. check for abnormal spots © relating to personal information such as sex and B look for patient discomfort aoe toler orinundir esa D te overal ppeanoe and shape ofa pros DD ieesese boc bull. and affect E the process of examining the body by listening 3 Anurse whois listening toa patient's body is to intemal parts performing F a visual examination of a part of the body A palpation © percussion B inspection D auscultation 20Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined part. 1. The nurse performs the process of examining the body by touch. He is checking for tender areas. A percussion B palpation kelly assesses the patient's display of emotion through facial expressions and movement. A auscultation B objective data © consent © affect, Hannah needs to examine the patient. But she must first obtain his verbal or written permission. A consent B body build © palpation ‘The nurse asks Mindy about any pain she is feeling. The nurse is collecting health information that only the patient is aware of. ‘A objective data B subjective data © percussion @ Listen and read the instructions again. When would a physical assessment not be conducted? istening @ Listen to a conversation between a nurse and a patient. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The patient is feeling pain in his chest. 2 __ The nurse listens to the man’s heart. 3 __ The nurse performs palpation to feel where the pain is. @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Good moming, Mr. Johnson. How are you fesling —@>) today? m4 But there's a dull ache in my side. Okay. 2 you're getting a physical exam then, Do Ihave your i Sure. First, let me finish the 4. I'm 62 years old. Great. Next up is palpation of the abdomen. I'm going to touch your § Just tell ne when it hurts. ‘Okay. Yeah, it hurts there. Right 6 my ribs. data, What's your age? Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. How are you feeling today? y I'm... years old, Just tel me when it hurts. Student A: You are a nurse and you are conducting a physical exam. Ask Student B questions about: + general feeling + demographic data + areas of pain Student B: You are a pationt receiving a physical exam. Answer Student A’s questions. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to fill out the physical assessment form. Ee cs cus ize) Patient Name: Patient Age: ——____—— Patient Complaint: —____—Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 11 What are some common symptoms of colds and the flu? a 2 Wy istimporant to &s recognize symptoms early? eae Rec ee] ‘ Pole iew the fo) Reading © Read the hospital poster. Then, choose the correct answers. 1 What is the poster talking about? ‘A how to prevent the flu and colds B telling colds and the flu apart SC © different cures for the flu and colds 2 eiarleuerrs aii Wael D reducing a severe fever in colds and the flu ean alana kh REMI Ran Me mea Tacs What of the following is NOT a sign of a cold? A aches © sneezing D coughing B high fever A ol ee ae ele eee Eee an Whet cari jellies ence Fee ‘A thas no effective treatment. B It causes a moderate stuffy nose. © tis passed to others more quickly than colds. D lt occurs more frequently at certain points of. the year. Vocabulary © Match the words or phrases (1-6) with the definitions (A-F). 4 _ severe 5 __ sore throat — fever 6 _ mild __ headache ache 1 2 3 ‘A anunpleasant pain in the body B apain in the head © an infiammation in the neck passage D slight E extremely strong F ahigh body temperatureFill in the blanks with the correct words from the word bank. fatigue cough 4 Thewomen’s severe suggests that she has the flu, not a cold 2. The patient repors feeling aches, but nothing too painful. 8 Anne is having trouble breathing because of her nose. 4 Robert's is so severe that, he doesn't have the energy to get out of bed. @ Listen and read the poster again. Why is it difficult to distinguish between the flu and acold? istening @ Listen to a conversation between ‘anurse and a patient. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The man feels pain in his throat. 2 __ The man’s nose is stufty. 3 __ The woman suspects that the man has @ cold. @ ©) Listen again and complete the Irse:_ Good moming, Mr. Thompson. Sony you're not feeling well. What are your symptoms? Well, I've got a 1 keep 2 Any sneezing? Or a3. ? No, not yet atleast. Ido have a 4 5 Are you fealing tired? Any 8 pains? Yeah, 'm exhausted. And | fee! really hot. That's ely a8. Mi Thousun, it sounds like you may have the flu Oh, really? | was hoping it was just a cold. and or Speaking @ With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. What are your symptoms? e Ido have a headache. That's likely a fover. Student A: You are a nurse. You are trying to find out if a patient has a cold or the flu. Ask Student B questions to find out: + symptoms + sneezing + aches and pains ‘Student B: You area patient, Answer Student A's questions. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to fill out the patient's report. a, Patient Report Patient Name: Symptoms: Diagnosis: