Conditional Statements

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 1

 Boolean expressions
booleanOperand booleanOperator booleanOperand

Boolean operators meaning example Example result

== equals 1 == 2 False
!= Not equal a != b Depends on a & b
< Less than 3<7 True
<= Less than or equal 5 <= (7-2) True
> Greater than d>4 Depends on d
>= Greater than or 1 >= 5 False
equal

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 2

 If statement
If <condition>:
<statments1..n>

Exampe1 Example2
if 1 < 2: If 2 < 2:
print("1<2") print("1<2")
print("progran ends") print("progran ends")
-------- --------
1<2 progran ends
progran ends

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 3

 If else statement
If <condition>:
<statments1..n>
else:
<statments1..n>

Exampe1

age = int(input("enter your age: "))

if age >=0:
print("Age:",age)
else:
print("Invalid Age: age cannot be a negative number")

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 4

 Multi-way If else statement
If <condition1>:
<statements 1..n>
elif <condition2> :
<statements 1..n>
elif <condition n> :
<statments1..n>
else <condition > :
<default statments1..n>

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 5

 Multi-way If else statement, Example

grade= int(input("enter your numeric grade: "))

if grade>=90:
print("Grade: A")
elif grade>=80:
print("Grade: B")
elif grade>=70:
print("Grade: C")
elif grade>=60:
print("Grade: D")
else:
print("Grade: F")

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 6

 Logical operators
a b a and b a b a or b
T T T T T T
T F F T F T
F T F F T T
F F F F F F

a not a
T F
Note, the not operator
F T
has higher precedence
than operator and, or

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 7

 Logical operator example
Example with no Logical operator
grade= int(input("enter your numeric grade: "))
if grade>100:
print("numeric grade cannot be greater than 100")
elif grade < 0:
print("numeric grade cannot be less than 0")
#rest of code for determining letter grade from previous example

Example with or Logical operator

grade= int(input("enter your numeric grade: "))
if grade>100 or grade < 0:
print("numeric grade must be between 0 and 100")
#rest of code for determining letter grade from previous example

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 8

 Order of precedence

order Symbol
1 ** Exponentiation, 2**3 , 2 raised to the power 3
2 - Negation, -7
3 *, /, % Multiply, divide, remainder
4 +, - Plus, minus
5 == , !=, <, >, <=, >= comparison
6 not Logical negation
7 and, or Logical and or
8 = assignment

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 9

 One line if statements

• <expression1> if <condition> else <expression2>

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 10

 One line if statements

grade = 70
print(‘PASS’ if grade >= 60 else ‘FAIL’)

--------------------------
grade = 70
if grade >= 60:
print('PASS')
else:
print('FAIL')

Dr. Shereef Abu Al-Maati 11