COMPARATIVE & SUPERLATIVE

‫صيغ انًقارَة وانتفضيم‬

Comparatives ‫صفات انًقارَة‬
‫ رُ ْسز َْخذََ ٘زٖ اٌصفبد‬.)larger, smaller, faster, higher( ٓ١١‫ئ‬١‫ٓ ش‬١‫رُ ْسز َْخذََ صفبد اٌّمبسٔخ ٌّمبسٔخ االخزالفبد ث‬
:ٟ٘ ‫ اٌّمبسٔخ‬ٟ‫غخ اٌ ُّ ْسز َْخذَِخ ف‬١‫ْ اٌص‬ٛ‫رى‬ٚ ،‫ُ ٔفس اٌصفخ‬ٙ١‫فش ف‬ٛ‫ٓ رز‬١ّ‫ٓ اس‬١‫ٌٍّمبسٔخ ث‬

)‫اسى (انًفعول‬+ than + ‫ صفة يقارَة‬+ ‫ فعم‬+ )‫اسى (انفاعم‬

.)‫خ‬١ٌ‫ اٌمبئّخ اٌزب‬ٟ‫ش ف‬١‫ اٌّثبي األخ‬ٟ‫ضح ف‬

َ َٛ ُِ ٛ٘ ‫بق (وّب‬١‫ ًِب ِٓ اٌس‬ٛٙ‫ضغ اٌّمبسٔخ إرا وبْ ِف‬ِٛ ٟٔ‫ُ ّْ ِىٓ حزف االسُ اٌثب‬٠

‫أِثٍخ‬

 My house is larger than hers.

 This box is smaller than the one I lost.
 Your dog runs faster than Jim's dog.
 The rock flew higher than the roof.
 Jim and Jack are both my friends, but I like Jack better. ("than Jim" is understood)

Superlatives ‫صفات انتفضيم‬

the tallest, the smallest, the ( ‫ أدٔب٘ب‬ٚ‫ دسجبد اٌصفخ أ‬ٍٝ‫ٗ أػ‬١‫فش ف‬ٛ‫ء رز‬ٟ‫صف ش‬ٌٛ ً١‫رُ ْسز َْخذََ صفبد اٌزفض‬
.‫بء‬١‫ػخ ِٓ األش‬ّٛ‫ء ثّج‬ٟ‫ب ِمبسٔخ ش‬ٙ١‫زُ ف‬٠ ٟ‫ اٌجًّ اٌز‬ٟ‫ رُ ْسز َْخذََ ٘زٖ اٌصفبد ف‬.)fastest, the highest

)‫ اسى (انًفعول‬+ ‫ صفة تفضيم‬+ the + ‫ فعم‬+ )‫اسى (انفاعم‬

‫ اٌمبئّخ‬ٟ‫شف‬١‫ اٌّثبي األخ‬ٟ‫ضح ف‬

َ َٛ ُِ ٛ٘ ‫بق (وّب‬١‫ِخ ِٓ اٌس‬ٛٙ‫ضغ اٌّمبسٔخ إرا وبٔذ ِف‬ِٛ ‫بء‬١‫ػخ األش‬ّٛ‫ُ ّْ ِىٓ حزف ِج‬٠
.)‫خ‬١ٌ‫اٌزب‬

‫أِثٍخ‬

 My house is the largest one in our neighborhood.

 This is the smallest box I've ever seen.
 Your dog ran the fastest of any dog in the race.
 We all threw our rocks at the same time. My rock flew the highest. ("of all the
rocks" is understood)

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 ‫تكويٍ صيغ انًقارَة وانتفضيم انًُتظًة‬
‫رؼزّذ اٌص‪١‬غخ اٌ ُّسزخذِخ ف‪ ٟ‬اٌّمبسٔخ ػٍ‪ ٝ‬ػذد اٌّمبطغ (ػذد حش‪ٚ‬ف اٌؼٍخ ث‪ ٓ١‬صح‪١‬ح‪ )ٓ١‬اٌز‪ ٟ‬رزى‪ِٕٙ ْٛ‬ب اٌصفخ‪.‬‬

‫اٌصفبد راد اٌّمطغ اٌ‪ٛ‬احذ‬

‫ٌزى‪ ٓ٠ٛ‬ص‪١‬غخ اٌّمبسٔخ ِغ اٌصفبد اٌز‪ ٟ‬رزى‪ِ ِٓ ْٛ‬مطغ ‪ٚ‬احذ‪٠ ،‬زُ إضبفخ ‪ er-‬إٌ‪ٙٔ ٝ‬ب‪٠‬خ اٌصفخ‪ ،‬ث‪ّٕ١‬ب ‪٠‬زُ إضبفخ ‪ est-‬إٌ‪ٝ‬‬
‫ٔ‪ٙ‬ب‪٠‬خ اٌصفخ ٌزى‪ ٓ٠ٛ‬ص‪١‬غخ اٌزفض‪ .ً١‬إرا أز‪ٙ‬ذ اٌصفخ ثحشف سبوٓ ِسج‪ٛ‬ق ثحشف ِزحشن‪٠ ،‬زُ ِضبػفخ اٌحشف اٌسبوٓ‬
‫لجً إضبفخ ٘زٖ إٌ‪ٙ‬ب‪٠‬بد‪.‬‬

‫الصفة‬ ‫صيغة المقارنة‬ ‫صيغة التفضيل‬

‫‪tall‬‬ ‫‪taller‬‬ ‫‪tallest‬‬

‫‪fat‬‬ ‫‪fatter‬‬ ‫‪fattest‬‬

‫‪big‬‬ ‫‪bigger‬‬ ‫‪biggest‬‬

‫‪sad‬‬ ‫‪sadder‬‬ ‫‪saddest‬‬

‫اٌصفبد راد اٌّمطؼ‪ٓ١‬‬

‫‪٠‬زُ رى‪ ٓ٠ٛ‬ص‪١‬غخ اٌّمبسٔخ ِغ اٌصفبد اٌز‪ ٟ‬رزى‪ِ ِٓ ْٛ‬مطؼ‪ ٓ١‬ػٓ طش‪٠‬ك إضبفخ ‪ er-‬إٌ‪ٙٔ ٝ‬ب‪٠‬خ اٌصفخ أ‪ ٚ‬ػٓ طش‪٠‬ك‬
‫إضبفخ ‪ more‬لجً اٌصفخ‪ٌ .‬زى‪ ٓ٠ٛ‬ص‪١‬غخ اٌزفض‪ِ ً١‬غ اٌصفبد اٌز‪ ٟ‬رزى‪ِ ِٓ ْٛ‬مطؼ‪٠ ،ٓ١‬زُ إضبفخ ‪ est-‬إٌ‪ٙٔ ٝ‬ب‪٠‬خ اٌصفخ‬
‫أ‪ ٚ‬إضبفخ ‪ most‬لجً اٌصفخ‪ .‬ف‪ِ ٟ‬ؼظُ اٌحبالد‪ّ٠ ،‬ىٓ اسزخذاَ وال اٌص‪١‬غز‪ ٓ١‬إال أٔٗ ف‪ ٟ‬ثؼض األح‪١‬بْ لذ ‪٠‬ش‪١‬غ اسزخذاَ‬
‫ص‪١‬غخ ِؼ‪ٕ١‬خ ػٓ األخش‪ .ٜ‬إرا وٕذ غ‪١‬ش ِزأوذ ِّب إرا وبٔذ اٌصفخ راد اٌّمطؼ‪ّ٠ ٓ١‬ىٓ أْ رمجً إضبفخ ٔ‪ٙ‬ب‪٠‬بد ص‪١‬غخ‬
‫اٌّمبسٔخ أ‪ ٚ‬ص‪١‬غخ اٌزفض‪ّ٠ ،ً١‬ىٕه ف‪٘ ٟ‬زٖ اٌحبٌخ اسزخذاَ ‪ً most ٚ more‬‬
‫ثذال ِٓ رٌه‪ .‬اٌصفبد اٌز‪ ٟ‬رٕز‪ ٟٙ‬ثحشف ‪٠ y‬زُ‬
‫رح‪ ً٠ٛ‬اٌـ ‪ y‬إٌ‪ i ٝ‬لجً إضبفخ إٌ‪ٙ‬ب‪٠‬بد اٌخبصخ ثص‪١‬غ اٌّمبسٔخ‪.‬‬

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‫الصفة‬ ‫صيغة المقارنة‬ ‫صيغة التفضيل‬

happy happier happiest

simple simpler simplest

busy busier busiest

tilted more tilted Most tilted

tangled more tangled Most tangled

‫اٌصفبد راد اٌثالثخ ِمبطغ فأوثش‬

ٓ١‫ ح‬ٟ‫ ف‬،‫ لجً اٌصفخ‬more ‫ك إضبفخ‬٠‫ب ػٓ طش‬ٌٙ ‫غخ اٌّمبسٔخ‬١‫ٓ ص‬٠ٛ‫زُ رى‬٠ ،‫ْ ِٓ ثالثخ ِمبطغ فأوثش‬ٛ‫ رزى‬ٟ‫اٌصفبد اٌز‬
.‫ب‬ِٕٙ ً١‫غخ اٌزفض‬١‫ٓ ص‬٠ٛ‫ لجً اٌصفخ ٌزى‬most ‫زُ إضبفخ‬٠

‫الصفة‬ ‫صيغة المقارنة‬ ‫صيغة التفضيل‬

important more important Most important

expensive more expensive Most expensive

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 ‫صيغ انًقارَة وانتفضيم غيز انًُتظًة‬
‫اػذ اٌسبثمخ‬ٛ‫ ال رَ ِز َج ْغ اٌم‬ٞ‫ش ِٕزظّخ (أ‬١‫ب غ‬ٙ‫ً اٌخبصخ ث‬١‫اٌزفض‬ٚ ‫غ اٌّمبسٔخ‬١‫ْ ص‬ٛ‫ رى‬ٟ‫ػخ ِٓ اٌصفبد اٌز‬ّٛ‫جذ ِج‬ٛ‫ر‬
.)‫رُحْ فَظ‬ٚ

‫الصفة‬ ‫صيغة المقارنة‬ ‫صيغة التفضيل‬

good better best

bad worse worst

little less least

much more most

far further / farther furthest / farthest

‫أيثهة‬

 Today is the worst day I've had in a long time.

 You play tennis better than I do.
 This is the least expensive sweater in the store.
 This sweater is less expensive than that one.
 I ran pretty far yesterday, but I ran even farther today

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COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES

Three Hotels

The Al Rasheed
The Al Khaleej The Sheraton
Number of stars
Price for one 180 $. 450 $. 95 $.
night
Built 1989 1995 1945
Number of 70 150 92
rooms
Distance from 2 km 1 km 1.5 km
the sea

good bad far old expensive modern big

Look at the information about the hotels. Write 3 sentences using the comparative
forms of some of the adjectives above .

a. The Al Khaleej is further from the sea than the Sheraton.

b. …The Sheraton is bigger than Al Rasheed ……………………..

c. ….The Sheraton is more expensive than Al Khaleej……………………..

d. ……Al Rasheed is worse than Al Khaleej……………………..

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Now write Three sentences using the superlative form of some adjectives.

a. …The Al Rasheed is the worst hotel.

b. ……The Sheraton is the best hotel………………..

c. ……Al Rasheed is the oldest hotel……………..

d. ……The Sheraton is the most modern hotel ………..

TALKING ABOUT THE WEATHER

‫انتعبيز عٍ حانة انجو‬

What's the Weather like today?

It's warm and sunny.

‫خ‬١ٌ‫غخ اٌزب‬١‫ٔسزخذَ اٌص‬

What’s (is or was) the weather like + ‫لذ‬ٚ (ٓ١‫ ِىبْ ِؼ‬ٚ‫ )ا‬+ ‫?رىٍّخ‬
ٖ‫ اخش‬ٌٝ‫ ِّطش ا‬،‫ ِؼزذي‬،‫ ِثال ثبسد‬ٛ‫ٕخ ٌٍج‬١‫ْ ػبدح ثزوش صفخ ِؼ‬ٛ‫ى‬٠ ‫اة‬ٛ‫اٌج‬
‫اِثٍخ‬
1. What was the weather like yesterday?
2. What’s the weather like today at the South Pole?
3. What’s the weather like in England in October?
4. What’s the weather like in Spain in August?
5 .What type of weather do you like?

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I. Match the words in A to the words in B.

A B

1. Very hot a. boiling

2. Very cold b. freezing
3. Quite cold c. chilly
4. Quite warm d. mild
5. Very wet e. showery
6. Quite wet f. stormy

II. Match the words to the Seasons.

Spring Summer Autumn Winter

Blue skies Sunny days Mild Showers

Sunshine Boiling wind Fog

Dry Storms

Freezing

Clouds

Snow

Wet

Chilly

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 FUNCTION 5 ‫انوظائف‬

I. Advice ‫اعطاء انُصيحة‬

:‫تكوٌ انصيغة كاالتي‬
I think + ً‫ فبػ‬+ should + ‫ فؼً ِضبسع ِجشد ِٓ االضبفخ‬+ ‫رىٍّخ‬
If + ً‫فبػ‬+ ‫فؼً ِضبسع‬+ ‫رىٍّخ‬+, + ً‫فبػ‬+ would+ ‫رىٍّخ‬
Why don’t +ً‫فبػ‬+‫فؼً ِضبسع ِجشد‬+ ‫?رىٍّخ‬
What about + gerund +‫? رىٍّخ‬
How about +gerund+ ‫?رىٍّخ‬
‫اِثٍخ‬

1. I think you should go to the doctor.

2. If I were you I'd go to the doctor's clinic.
3. Why don't you go to the Hospital?
4. What about going to the beach?
5. How about calling the ambulance?

II. Approval / and Disapproval ‫انًوافقة وعدو انًوافقة‬

Approval ‫افمخ‬ٌّٛ‫ا‬
I agree. ‫افك‬ٚ‫ا‬
That's right. ‫ وزٌه‬ٛ٘ٚ
I like this film. ٍُ‫ اٌف‬ٟٕ‫ اػجج‬So do I ‫أب وزٌه‬ٚ
I don't like this film. ٍُ‫ اٌف‬ٟٕ‫ؼجج‬٠ ٌُ Neither do I.‫ال أب‬ٚ

Disapproval‫انزفض وعدو انًوافقة‬

I don't agree. ‫افك‬ٚ‫ال ا‬ I don't think so ‫ال اػزمذ رٌه‬

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 II. Apologizing ‫االعتذار‬
I'm sorry. ‫ اػززس‬/ ‫أب اسف‬
Sorry, it was my fault. ٟ‫ب غٍطز‬ٙٔ‫ا‬/ ٞ‫ أٗ خطأ‬/ ‫اػززس‬
Excuse me. ‫ اٌّؼزسح‬ٛ‫اسج‬

Replying to Apologies ‫انزد عهى االعتذار‬

Never mind. ‫ه‬١ٍ‫ ال ػ‬/ ‫ال ثأس‬
That's all right. ‫ال ثأس‬
Don't worry.‫ ال ثأس‬/ ُ‫ز‬ٙ‫ال ر‬

We say Excuseme when we want to pass someone who is on the way. The usual
reply is Sorry.

‫ اسف‬ٚ‫ اػززس ا‬ٛ٘ ‫ اٌشد اٌّؼزبد‬.‫ك‬٠‫ اٌطش‬ٍٝ‫ذ اْ ٔجزبص شخص ِب ػ‬٠‫ اٌّؼزسح ػٕذِب ٔش‬ٛ‫ي وٍّخ اسج‬ٛ‫ٔم‬

We say Excuse me at the beginning of questions to strangers.

‫ت‬٠‫ٗ سؤاي ٌشخص غش‬١‫ج‬ٛ‫ اٌّؼزسح ػبدح ػٕذِب ٔجذأ ثز‬ٛ‫ي اسج‬ٛ‫ٔم‬