ORNL/TM-2018/1026

Advancing the Science and Impact of Blockchain

Technology at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Approved for public release.
Distribution is unlimited.
Jesse T. Ault
Alvin M. Weinberg Fellow
BSEC Group, CSED
October 5, 2018
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 ORNL/TM-2018/1026

Computational Sciences and Engineering Division

Advancing the Science and Impact of Blockchain Technology at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory

Jesse T. Ault
Alvin M. Weinberg Distinguished Fellow
Biomedical Sciences, Engineering, and Computing Group

Date Published: September, 2018

Prepared by
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6283
managed by
UT-Battelle, LLC
for the
US DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725
 CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 What is blockchain technology? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Example applications of blockchain technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Accelerating adoption of blockchain technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. OPPORTUNITIES FOR BLOCKCHAIN RESEARCH AT ORNL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1 Overivew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2 ORNL’s core partnership universities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2.1 Duke University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2.2 Florida State University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2.3 Georgia Tech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.4 North Carolina State University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.5 University of Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.6 Vanderbilt University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2.7 University of Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.2.8 Virginia Tech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3 Potential pilot blockchain projects at ORNL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3.1 Facilitating efficient and secure data networks for biomedical and health data sciences 11
2.3.2 Developing and securing the energy grid of the future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3. STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES FOR THE LAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.1 Excellence in science and technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.2 Excellence in laboratory operations and ES&H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.3 Excellence in community engagement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4. FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.1 Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.2 Government funding through traditional calls for proposals from major agencies . . . . . . . 15
4.3 Industrial partnerships and/or consulting for the blockchain industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.4 Mining cryptocurrencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.5 Developing a novel blockchain project for the lab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.6 Hosting a block producer or witness node for an existing blockchain network . . . . . . . . 16
5. BLOCKCHAIN INSTITUTE AT ORNL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6. CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8. REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

iii