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The employees are trained for use of new equipments and work methods. What made things worse
was that she had been serving in the Universal Products for quite a long time while Sue was just a
newly recruited. Aguinis et al. ( 2013 ) stated that monetary rewards can be a very powerful
determinant of employee motivation and achievement which, in turn, can advance to important
returns in terms of firm-level performance. Motivation is a personal and internal feeling- Motivation
is psychological phenomenon which generates within an individual. Pool and Pool (2007) and Lok
and Crawford (2004) argue that there is an inevitable link between motivation and job satisfaction
and motivation with commitment off employees. The pyramid is divided into five types of needs
which are arranged in ascending order as physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem
needs, and self-actualization. Wiley ( 1997 ) concluded that good pay is an important motivator
regardless of age. Besides, she was earning good enough to ensure her security. A questionnaire was
also completed after the training. International Journal of Training and Development. Kunz and Pfaff
( 2002 ) stated no substantive reason to fear an undermining effect of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic
motivation. In the early stage of the employee, they used to seek the working environment and
aspects of an employee’s terms and conditions of employment. In order to study the various issues
highlighted in this paper related to employee motivation, a large body of literature mainly from
different journals have been incorporated. Alderfer’s ERG Theory: Clayton Alderfer was another
theorist who accepted the idea of arranging the basic human needs in a hierarchical order, yet he
proposed three levels instead of five. We conclude that despite of the large set of available methods
and approaches which holistically measure and determine employee productivity, its management is
very complex and demanding. So the employees will try to give their best which can increase the
employee work performance. These types of training and development programs help in improving
the employee behaviour and attitude towards the job and also uplift their morale. While writing an
article about training in 1959, Kirkpatrick 1996 referred to these four measurement levels as the four
steps of a training evaluation. The Equity Theory is based on the nature of understanding,
comparison and competition among peers in an organizational setup. We use cookies to create the
best experience for you. Results: 40 articles are included in this integrative literature review.
Effective Literature Review In Research Lit Review Format Wpa Wpart Co Nice Literature Review
Paper Sample Literature Review Online Technical Writing Types Of Technical Documents Actually,i
know of those feelings and I do believe yesterday the exam is definitely the worst because you might
have studied a huge amount of you dont know what else to examine and while doing so you concept
of what they should expect in the test. Accordingly, the manager offered Mary a 10% merit increase.
Although her hard work and performance was both acknowledged and appreciated by her manager
as well as her colleagues, yet Mary felt the inequity of reward, or pay because the ration of her
output over inputs far exceeded in value to that of Sue. They experience frustration and a kind of
learned helplessness. An upward movement is understood as promotion whereas a downward
movement is perceived as demotion in comparison to the colleagues that belong to the same field, are
the same age, and at the same level. Circumcision removes a normal part of the penis that functions
to protect the glans of the penis. Motivation becomes those psychological processes that cause
arousal direction and persistence of voluntary actions that are goal-related. In the present study,
questionnaire were used as an instrument of primary data The purpose of this study is to evaluate the
effect of motivation on job satisfaction and organizational performance in the context of container
shipping companies in Taiwan. With this result, it can be stated that employees being employed in
different parts can take their different opinions at different levels.
Mary wanted to achieve the highest salary among all her parallel colleagues, so she worked hard.
Motivation is a personal and internal feeling- Motivation is psychological phenomenon which
generates within an individual. Of these two types, the process theories are more applicable on the
case under consideration as compared to the content theories. This made the company seek out
synergies in its retail and supply chain, thus diversifying into a number of food related business
which could be relevant to the consumer in the North of England. These used to motivate the
employee to do better and achieve the organizational goals and objectives. Many ways of
appreciating employee are news for companies looking for inexpensive ways to show appreciation to
employees who made an appreciative effort, to thank employees several times a week, often through
notes mailed to their homes and admits an employee-of-the-month program, the least time-
consuming way to make sure his staff continued to appreciate. International Journal of Training and
Development. Literature Review Employee performance appraisal is an effective tool or vehicle for
assessment of employee performance and implementation of strategic initiatives for the improvement
of employee performance (Lawler and McDermott, 2003). This theory is based on the assumption
that people tend to develop a higher level need when a lower level need has been satisfied. This is
where relevance of an in-depth literature review lies. Figure 2 explains how motivation dimensions
influence individual and organization performance. This will help give a direction to your study
which will make the process of report composition easier for you. The drive to acquire the drive to
bond the drive to. This review of literature examines the relationship between employee
development and organizational performance. In the early stage of the employee, they used to seek
the working environment and aspects of an employee’s terms and conditions of employment.
Organizations need to look beyond the traditional economic incentives of career opportunities and
salaries to other social and lifestyle factors outside the workplace. An employee may not feel a
higher level need unless all lower level needs have been adequately fulfilled. These outlines possess
fundamental attributes that assist in pinpointing the apposite series of standards against which The
regular assessment of performance leads to employee motivation. Wickramasinghe ( 2009 )
investigated that gender and tenure are significant in job satisfaction measurement. Research and
practical implications of the study findings are discussed. Similarly, Cheng et al. ( 2013 ) concluded
that there were evidences of moderating effects of age on the associations between psychosocial
work conditions and health. Employees work in organizations not just to make a living, but to make
a life. The major limitation of this study is that the proposed framework is designed on basis of
extensive literature review and so needs to be confirmed using quantitative measures. Likewise,
relatedness unites the social and esteem needs into one level while growth in the Alderfer’s ERG
theory coincides with the self-actualization of the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. The objective
of this conceptual paper is to articulate the progress that has been made in understanding employee
motivation and organizational performance, and to suggest how the theory concerning employee
motivation and organizational performance may be advanced. This can lead to positive gains for the
organization by enhancing organizational effectiveness and improving work quality, as well as by
helping the organization attract and keep top-quality employees, which can bring growth and
development to the organizations and can improve the quality of their employees’ work experience
and realize the benefits of developing workers to their full potential. Secondly, she would not put as
much effort as she used to do originally and would wait for the opportunity to talk to her manager
regarding the injustice. By this Kahn implied that an employee has to be present both physically and
psychologically when performing organizational roles. Mary’s exceptional efforts were not hidden
from the manager. Doing A Literature Review Dissertation Motivation Research Writing Educational
Psychology Motivation is defined as a human psychological characteristic that add to a persons
degree of commitment.. It is the management process of in suencing employees.
Social opportunities In ( 2013 ), Harvey indicated that an employee is accepted as part of the social
group or team. Vuori and Okkonen ( 2012 ) stated that motivation helps to share knowledge through
an intra-organizational social media platform which can help the organization to reach its goals and
objectives. Employees having poor working conditions will only provoke negative performance, since
their jobs are mentally and physically demanding, they need good working conditions. Regular
increments in yearly reviews and manager’s appreciation fulfilled the esteem needs. Job performance
means that employees are competitive enough to perform their on-job tasks and duties Babin and
Boles, 1998. This paper aims to analyze the drivers of employee motivation to high levels of
organizational performance. But when she realized that this was not happening despite her best
efforts, she spared the idea of fulfilling the need for achievement. With job enrichment, workers
interest in their job may be generated and their level of motivation will be increased. Performance
appraisal rating can be considered as a technique that has a positive effect on work performance and
employee motivation. During the early and later stage of life of the employee, the most important
tool to motivate the employee by recognizing positive behavior from employees means that those
desired behaviors that drive business success will be reciprocated. The positive impact of motivation
works toward enhancing individual responsiveness toward work. The researcher has adopted a
questionnaire survey methodology, which will be conducted The questionnaire includes questions
that are related to job satisfaction, employee motivation and factors that stimulate the same. When
Mary felt betrayed, she jumped back to the relatedness need from the growth. Nohria Groysberg and
Lee 2008 identify the four drives that underlie motivation ie the four basic intrinsic motivators.
Retrieved from Roulet, J. (2009). Stop motivating your employees. When two workers in similar
conditions and with same level of competence have the same ratio of output over input, there is
equity between the two. Job security can be explained as, affirmation that an employee has for the
continuity of gainful employment for his or her job. Similarly perceived training effectiveness is
highly correlated with the job satisfaction of employee, supporting the findings of Tsai et al (2007).
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory also considerably explains the cause of Mary’s demotivation.
This paper aims to analyze the drivers of employee motivation to high levels of organizational
performance. These types of training and development programs help in improving the employee
behaviour and attitude towards the job and also uplift their morale. In this competitive environment,
organizations works harder to integrate its workforce and to keep the coordination among employees
to enhance the working as well as employee productivity. This paper recaps various literature on the
motivation, shades and the attraction of this kind of tourism. Goal-directed behavior and strategic
feedback are expected to enhance organizational performance (Chenhall 2005 ). This reflected in her
attitude and she felt demotivated. In the present study, questionnaire were used as an instrument of
primary data The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of motivation on job satisfaction and
organizational performance in the context of container shipping companies in Taiwan. Approach-A
model was designed REVIEW OF LITERATURE 22 This chapter throws light on the review of the
previous literature on Human resource management practices; innovative HR practices; impact of the
HR practices on employee or organisational performance and HRM in Indian context. Literature
Review 20 Introduction This chapter presents a review of literature based on other research done by
several authors. Let us write or edit the literature review on your topic. But high statistical
relationship between the two were not instituted.
Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or
additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot
usually be used to identify you. It brings positive energy among the early career stage employee to
work in a new environment, which gives workers the opportunity to learn multiple skills and
outlooks. Literature review In a complex and dynamic environment, leader of the organization used
to create the environment in which employee feel trusted and are empowered to take decisions in the
organization which leads to enhance motivation level of employee and ultimately organizational
performance are enhanced. The performance standards are quantified and pegged against an
individual evaluation which is essential for employee motivation. Recognition is essential to an
outstanding workplace because people want to be respected and valued for their contribution. The
problem of upward communication distortion was the focus. Decoene and Bruggeman ( 2006 ) in
their study developed and illustrated a model of the relationship between strategic alignment,
motivation and organizational performance in a BSC context and find that effective strategic
alignment empowers and motivates working executives. Shields 2007 stresses two specific
advantages of such a practice that relate to offering employees a chance to raise their concerns and
put across their points regarding various aspects of their jobs, as well as, supplying them with the
feeling of engagement and appreciation. Keijzers; Employee motivation related to employee
performance in the organisation 3 Management Summary This bachelor thesis is focused on the
relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and employee performance. As reported in the
literature, this model is most frequently applied to either educational or technical training.
Circumcision removes a normal part of the penis that functions to protect the glans of the penis.
According to TanjaLins in Motivation and Second Language Learning Below mentioned are some
topics in the context of motivation that can provide you with awesome ideas. Monetary incentives
As summarized by Park ( 2010 ), monetary incentive acts as a stimulus for greater action and
inculcates zeal and enthusiasm toward work, it helps an employee in recognition of achievement.
Human resources are an important asset in the entire company operations activity. This review will
also explore the different theories, concepts, and practices managers can use to motivate employees.
Nohria Groysberg and Lee 2008 identify the four drives that underlie motivation ie the four basic
intrinsic motivators. Wickramasinghe ( 2009 ) investigated that gender and tenure are significant in
job satisfaction measurement. Garg and Rastogi ( 2006 ) identified the key issues of job design
research and practice to motivate employees’ performance and concluded that a dynamic managerial
learning framework is required to enhance employees’ performance to meet global challenges. These
articles of previous studies will give you an idea of the econometric tests and studies that can be
used in your research and the probable outcome that you can expect. Mary’s realization that her
assumptions about the company were wrong was the most fundamental reason why she felt
demotivated. On the other hand, the process theories of motivation interpret motivation in terms of
conscious processes of decision making. Doing A Literature Review Dissertation Motivation
Research Writing Educational Psychology Motivation is defined as a human psychological
characteristic that add to a persons degree of commitment.. It is the management process of in
suencing employees. This paper seeks to introduce the four major need theories areas. When work
environments consistently fail to provide the direction, resources and respect employees require,
their innate desire to achieve is suppressed or redirected. Organizations set standards for Results: 40
articles are included in this integrative literature review. Individual enhanced responsiveness help
organization working that directly links toward increase in profit and increase in organization
responsiveness. Research on motivation has attracted academic and corporate entities over the last
two decades. Furthermore, Wylie 2004 recommends concentrating on specific variations of
intangible motivational tools such as celebrations of birthdays and other important dates with the
participation of whole team According to Thomas 2009 the main challenge of motivation in
workplaces is identifying what motivates each individual employee taking into account his or her
individual differences. So we can say job satisfaction is the most influential tool of motivation and
put the employee very far off from mental tension and he gives his best to the organization,
ultimately it leads to profit maximization. The service-profit chain Figure 1 establishes relationships
between the above factors.
Equity Theory Equity theory proposed by John Stacy Adams fundamentally explains the reason why
Mary’s performance declined after she heard from Sue. Goal-directed behavior and strategic
feedback are expected to enhance organizational performance (Chenhall 2005 ). According to Orpen
( 1997 ) better the relationship between mentors and mentees in the formal mentoring program, the
more mentees are motivated to work hard and committed to their organization. Employees gain
satisfaction or dissatisfaction according to the knowledge of their position in the community. Inputs
include but are not limited to effort put in work, skills, competence and experience whereas
outcomes include fringe benefits, rewards and positions. “This idea of equity has to do with the
perception employees have of their importance in relation to others within the company” (JonDW,
2011). In the body of literature, various frameworks are used by the researchers based on theory of
motivation, with only few dimensions of motivation. Job security has been considered from several
theoretical perspectives, including as a motivational precursor to job performance. This literature
review on reward systems encompasses the areas of performance related Results: 40 articles are
included in this integrative literature review. Mary undoubtedly was worthy of acquiring the label of
a top level performer. It brings positive energy among the early career stage employee to work in a
new environment, which gives workers the opportunity to learn multiple skills and outlooks. The
purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that influence organizational productivity, specifically,
from the viewpoint of its employees. Motivation is a personal and internal feeling- Motivation is
psychological phenomenon which generates within an individual. International Journal of Training
and Development. The more frequent and satisfying these psychological states are, the higher the
internal motivation, the better quality the performance, the greater the satisfaction, and the lower the
absenteeism and turnover. (Griffin, 1999, p. 328 cited in Jordan, n.d.). Hence, an employee demands
challenging work along with due support of the peers and management and finally, the reward of
pay increase. This point has been explained by Lockley 2012 by insisting that certain practices such
as engaging in constructive arguments and dialogues in workplace can prove to be highly
motivational for the representatives of Western culture, whereas the same set of practices can prove
to be counter-productive for employees from Asian countries due to vast cross-cultural differences.
Dissertation Motivation Thesis Writing Dissertation We Hope You Find These Tips On Literature
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Sentences Research Proposal Tips For Writing Literature Review Research Proposal Writing A
Research Proposal Proposal Writing. This would allow them to escape such unexpected consequences
as reflected in the changed behavior of Mary. “The toughest decisions in organizations are people
decisions, hiring, promoting, firing, etc. They determine the way behavior is developed, energized
and sustained in the cognitive processes. A number of possibilities arise in the case under
consideration with respect to Mar’s response to her realization. They experience frustration and a
kind of learned helplessness. Also, it uncovered a theoretical gap by investigating the mediation role
of employee engagement in talent management-performance link. This review will also explore the
different theories, concepts, and practices managers can use to motivate employees. Employees
having poor working conditions will only provoke negative performance, since their jobs are mentally
and physically demanding, they need good working conditions. There is a strong need for feedback
from the higher officials in the organization as to achievement and progress, and a need for a sense
of attainment. Tangible benefits (salary) and intangible benefits (achievements of the knowledge)
and other perks are necessary to engage employees, and motivate them to do their personal best.
International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management. Human resources are an
important asset in the entire company operations activity. Four motivation dimensions were identified
based on an exploratory factor analysis, including remuneration, job achievement, job security and
job environment. As per Satyawadi and Ghosh ( 2012 ), employees are motivated to a greater extent
by achievement and self-control. Research and practical implications of the study findings are
discussed.
Job satisfaction In ( 2011 ), Parvin and Kabir studied the tested factors affecting job satisfaction for
pharmaceutical companies and described job satisfaction as how content an individual is with his or
her job, and viewed job satisfaction is not the same as motivation, although clearly linked. Pool and
Pool (2007) and Lok and Crawford (2004) argue that there is an inevitable link between motivation
and job satisfaction and motivation with commitment off employees. That should really help gather
your ideas and motivate you to please take a step back and listen to what specific areas it is advisable
to improve. The employees The research objective of this paper is analyze the importance of the
employee motivation for bring the large scale productivity in an organization. It is weird having both
these feelings of being well prepared but feeling like you do not know anything. REVIEW OF
LITERATURE 22 This chapter throws light on the review of the previous literature on Human
resource management practices; innovative HR practices; impact of the HR practices on employee or
organisational performance and HRM in Indian context. Literature review In a complex and
dynamic environment, leader of the organization used to create the environment in which employee
feel trusted and are empowered to take decisions in the organization which leads to enhance
motivation level of employee and ultimately organizational performance are enhanced. In business,
context training basically refers to action of teaching employees and providing proper knowledge
and skills to make themselves job fit as well as organization fit. Appreciation A study by Mahazril et
al. ( 2012 ) organizations had the duty to appreciate the employee from time to time and offer other
form of benefits such as payment, which will help in employee motivation. They become motivated
to retain their jobs rather than to perform them in a way that delivers optimal value to the
organization. (Roulet, 2009). Theoretical Analysis Of all the motivational theories, two types that
apply the most to the case under consideration are the content theories and the process theories.
Strategic human resource management; theory and practice. Wickramasinghe ( 2009 ) investigated
that gender and tenure are significant in job satisfaction measurement. Theories of motivation
encapsulate all those processes which explain the development of motivation in people. Performance
appraisal rating can be considered as a technique that has a positive effect on work performance and
employee motivation. To the extent that these are present in a job, the employee will experience
certain psychological states such as experiencing meaningfulness in the work and assume
responsibility for outcomes as well as have better knowledge of the actual results of work activities.
Retrieved from Roulet, J. (2009). Stop motivating your employees. The service-profit chain Figure 1
establishes relationships between the above factors. International Journal of Training and
Development. They experience frustration and a kind of learned helplessness. Therefore training and
development is vital to the productivity of organization's workforce. The changes made by the
company include branding for the first time, including designed stores rather than abandoned
warehouses and electronic inventory management, etc. The more frequent and satisfying these
psychological states are, the higher the internal motivation, the better quality the performance, the
greater the satisfaction, and the lower the absenteeism and turnover. (Griffin, 1999, p. 328 cited in
Jordan, n.d.). Hence, an employee demands challenging work along with due support of the peers
and management and finally, the reward of pay increase. Performance appraisal rating can be
considered as a technique that has a positive effect on work performance and employee motivation.
The content theories of motivation assert that human behavior is controlled by intrinsic factors. This
helps not onlydefine your work, it brings you into contact with other people whohave already
conducted research on the same or a similar topic. The major point to be noted here is that culture is
descriptive in nature, used to describe and understand the institution by an individual, whether he
like it or not. Training implies constructive development in such organizational motives for optimum
enhancement of quality of work life of the employees. The establishment of operations-based targets
will help the provision of strategic feedback by allowing the evaluation of actual performance against
the operations-based targets. Accordingly, the manager offered Mary a 10% merit increase. In the
present study, questionnaire were used as an instrument of primary data collection.For clear analysis,
the study centers on two.
International Journal of Human Resource Management. The employees Results: 40 articles are
included in this integrative literature review. Thus, they create a dilemma as to whether these
motivation dimensions are enough to create a solid baseline which has an impact on the motivators.
Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 33: 1-21. Chapter 4 Recommendations From the
primary and secondary research it is clear that a satisfied employee is a better performing employee.
Leaders motivate people to follow a participative design of work in which they are responsible and
get it together, which make them responsible for their performance. In the developed and developing
nations around the world people experiencing the phenomenon of population aging i.e., participation
of worker in their late career stage is low in the labor market. However, an in-depth analysis of
Mary’s attitude and personality suggests that she would indeed, display a combination of the three
possibilities. The pyramid is divided into five types of needs which are arranged in ascending order
as physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization. Literature
review In a complex and dynamic environment, leader of the organization used to create the
environment in which employee feel trusted and are empowered to take decisions in the organization
which leads to enhance motivation level of employee and ultimately organizational performance are
enhanced. Employees strive hard to sustain their position, thus trying to acquire their individualistic
share of the increasing national income. Mary would most probably carry on doing work in the
normal style. As a result, job transfer gives the opportunity to learn multiple skills and outlooks to
the workers. Since she was not getting what she thought she deserved for the amount of effort she
used to put into work, she dropped from the need to self-actualize to the need to fulfill esteem
needs, and thus, felt demotivated. Likewise, Beretti et al. ( 2013 ) discussed that monetary
incentives used to build a positive environment and maintain a job interest, which is consistent
among the employee and offer a spur or zeal in the employees for better performance. When work
environments consistently fail to provide the direction, resources and respect employees require,
their innate desire to achieve is suppressed or redirected. This literature review on reward systems
encompasses the areas of performance related. Accordingly, Wylie 2004 recommends managers to
adopt a proactive approach in terms of engaging in self-motivation practices. Recognition is essential
to an outstanding workplace because people want to be respected and valued for their contribution.
For reason, monetary incentive motivate employees and enhance commitment in work performance,
and psychologically satisfy a person and leads to job satisfaction, and shape the behavior or outlook
of subordinate toward work in the organization. Mary’s exceptional efforts were not hidden from the
manager. When these all are present in a job, positive feeling and improved performance will be
noticed. Although extensive research is reviewed and every possible dimensions of motivation are
studied, it cannot be stated explicitly that these dimensions will be able to create the baseline which
will motivate the employees through the motivators. The Equity Theory is based on the nature of
understanding, comparison and competition among peers in an organizational setup. Consenting to
these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site.
This literature review on reward systems encompasses the areas of performance related Results: 40
articles are included in this integrative literature review. So we can say job satisfaction is the most
influential tool of motivation and put the employee very far off from mental tension and he gives his
best to the organization, ultimately it leads to profit maximization. As you undertake your research
you may also identify further training needs. Major content theories of motivation include Maslow’s
hierarchy of needs and Alderfer’s ERG theory. They become motivated to retain their jobs rather
than to perform them in a way that delivers optimal value to the organization. (Roulet, 2009).
Theoretical Analysis Of all the motivational theories, two types that apply the most to the case under
consideration are the content theories and the process theories.