Literature Review Meaning in Marathi

A literature review is an essential component of any academic or research project, serving as a

comprehensive summary and analysis of existing literature relevant to the topic at hand. In Marathi,
a literature review is known as "सािह समी ा ."

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provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. Additionally, a literature review
requires the ability to analyze and interpret various perspectives, theories, and findings within the
field of study.

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the need for thorough examination and synthesis of diverse sources, and the requirement to present
the information in a coherent and structured manner. Moreover, it necessitates adherence to academic
standards and citation guidelines, adding another layer of complexity to the writing process.

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The author of this course was appointed as Principal of the Western Regional Language Centre in
1970 and she brought all the materials which she had already prepared for the courses conducted in
the Deccan College. As the influence matured by 1885 several substyles of literary genres (also
borrowed from English) and of individual works and author became specialized under the influence
of English. Below are a few solved questions for you so that you get an idea as to how to attempt
Report Writing class 12 Report writing questions well. As the total cultural contact ushered in a new
age in Maharashtra and India, the need for a new mode of communication, namely prose, was felt as
essential towards new uses of the language (sec 1.1.4). The direct or indirect effects of colonization
on the linguistic situation in India arc of far greater significance than the meagre studies of these
problems done so far would reflect. All the lessons prepared for the course were recorded in the
recording room of the American Institute of Indian Studies (located at the Deccan College), which
by then had established a major Applied Linguistics programme, with special reference to' the
teaching of Indian languages as foreign languages. Because of his enthusiasm, the work was done so
speedily. The success of a course further depends on the co-ordination between the material producer
and the teacher who handles the class. The transition from the oral to the written and from
manuscript to print culture was the first requisite of the new prose style, which was laboriously
accomplished by the first generation of the prose writers in the First phase (1818-1857).
Specialization of the features of the written language took place along with the emergence of a new
standard in the Second phase (1847-1874), and as the standard was consolidated in the Third phase
(1874-1890), the transition from Sanskrit bilingualism to English bilingualism of Marathi writers was
complete. From the historical-political-sociological to the literary-aes-thetic. A booklet dealing with
our actual experience, ' ParabhAshA shikshNAcA shAstriy prayog' (A scientific experiment in the
teaching of a foreign language), written by the present author, was published by the Sadhana
Prakashan of Pune, at the end of this course. This concept assumed the form of 'the white man's
burden' in the twentieth century. The phase marks the belated transformation of the Indian society
from the medieval to the modern. You can select express shipping while checking out on the website.
The learner, particularly a beginner, is there to acquire the new language and not to listen to the
differences of opinions between the material producers and the teachers. The period fixed for
teaching the basic course was of 14 weeks. In this study the term style implies a broad spectrum of
period style covering within it several substyles of prose genres, individual authors and individual
works. At the deeper level, a new view of life and change in the sensibility of society was steadily
taking pi ace, replacing the old traditions which had been well-suited only for the needs of the
medieval society. This was thought in order to implement the three language formula and the
assurances given to linguistic minorities. At the end of the century, there was a clear division
between two types of language use: the elitist and the proletarian, the distinguishing factor being
bilingualism (see 4,3,2,). The author is unable to express her gratitude towards him in suitable terms.
However scant attention is paid to the entire scale of influence mechanism and to the fundamental
linguistic aspects of culture contact. Our office superintendent, Mr.N.V.Bhate, took great labours to
bring out this course in this form. He always appreciated her efforts, allowed her to take every
necessary freedom (the writer's freedom) from the format. As a result, orders may take an extra 10-
14 days for fulfilment. The model of the analysis of linguistic influence constructed in this study may
prove to be a fundamental framework for the study of literary influences as well Invaluable for
students of comparative literature and linguistics, it is a book of vital importance to anyone interested
in nineteenth-century India. The Centre's programme was designed to give instructions equivalent to
almost ten calendar months within a year. The process of standardization began earlier than that of
stylistic norm formation, as language standardization is the prerequisite of the formation of stylistic
norms. Even a slight shade of the English language in the writing increased the acceptability and
prestige of an argument in Marathi. It was my good fortune to be associated with the teaching and
material production in this course and a subsequent advanced course.
I recall with gratitude the quiet generosity of the institutions. When a sound foundation like this is
laid, it becomes easier to cross the following hurdles. The success of a course further depends on the
co-ordination between the material producer and the teacher who handles the class. All returned
items must be in new and unused condition, with all original tags and labels attached. This concept
assumed the form of 'the white man's burden' in the twentieth century. The learner, particularly a
beginner, is there to acquire the new language and not to listen to the differences of opinions
between the material producers and the teachers. But this artificiality is bound to be there in teaching
inflectional languages like Marathi. The then chief linguist, Dr.D.P.Pattanayak, helped us in the
techniques to be followed for the recordings. Below are a few solved questions for you so that you
get an idea as to how to attempt Report Writing class 12 Report writing questions well. All returned
items must be in new and unused condition, with all original tags and labels attached. In spite of it,
the writer does not claim that the present work is completely free from drawbacks. The
mothertongue readers may perhaps find the lessons somewhat contrived and dull. However, even the
extremist type of nationalism did not totally denounce the continuous role of English as a civilizing
force, and puristic movements did not succeed beyond substituting translation loans for the earlier
direct loans from English. Take deep breaths with your eyes closed to melt away your worries. There
he may take some freedom in vocabulary items etc. By the end of the century, the old tradition of
oral literature was almost forgotten by the intelligentsia and it had to be revived by nativistic
movement as part of the revival of pride in Indian culture (see 3.2.3 and 4.2.4). As the language was
being increasingly anglicized, isolated cries for purity were voiced regularly though these were not
backed up by tangible cultural or social behaviour. Dr. Thirumalai's attitude towards all the Centres is
always very helpful and he always encourages us to accept any new challenges in the field of applied
linguistics. As a result, orders may take an extra 10-14 days for fulfilment. It gradually encroached
upon the oral culture and encouraged written culture as the sole literary style of expression in all
walks of life. All the lessons prepared for the course were recorded in the recording room of the
American Institute of Indian Studies (located at the Deccan College), which by then had established
a major Applied Linguistics programme, with special reference to' the teaching of Indian languages
as foreign languages. The transition from the oral to the written and from manuscript to print culture
was the first requisite of the new prose style, which was laboriously accomplished by the first
generation of the prose writers in the First phase (1818-1857). Programmes organised by the Centre,
such as a 4-week course of the fresh non-Marathi IAS probationers posted in Maharashtra, Marathi
and Gujrathi courses for the officers of the State Bank of India, a 4- week refresher course in
Madhya pradesh for the Marathi and Sindhi teachers in that State, helped improve the quality of all
our courses. So that in many places the linguist has had to make room for the critic. The Centre's
programme was designed to give instructions equivalent to almost ten calendar months within a year.
I always enjoyed the discussions of my doubts with him. She is very much grateful to all those who
helped her. Various literary forms of the oral tradition still continued to be active in the illiterate rural
masses, while the new English forms like the novel, tragedy, comedy and essay were being
established along with the new prose style. It witnessed the establishment of the Central Institute of
Indian Languages with its four branches in four parts parts of the country. As a classic example of
cultural contact it gave rise simultaneously and at different phases to various nativistic movements,
opposed to one another in nature and kind, such as neo-Hinduism and anti-Brahmanism,
Brahmanization and Westernization, glorification of the West and revulsion against the West,
anglomania and Anglophobia, revivalism and modernization (see 3.2.3 and 4.2.4.). The studies of
concrete problems ansmg out of this contact present a rich field for future research. The period fixed
for teaching the basic course was of 14 weeks.
I recall with gratitude the quiet generosity of the institutions. Take deep breaths with your eyes
closed to melt away your worries. He afforded her a number of facilities in bringing out the book. It
is mainly confined to written literary prose as against non-literary prose, though in the formative
phase of any national style this distinction is often blurred. If it breaks down, You won’t have
anywhere else to live. She is very much grateful to all those who helped her. The areas of
confrontation are indeed numerous (see 4.2.1), though the present study confines itself to the
confrontation of two linguistic systems. The four branches, the Regional Language Centres, started
teaching Indian languages to secondary school teachers with a view to implementing the three
language formula and providing more language choice to young students in secondary schools. Thus,
one lesson broadly gives one teaching point at a time. As a result, orders may take an extra 10-14
days for fulfilment. So that in many places the linguist has had to make room for the critic. These
steps are nouns, obliques of nouns, adjectives, invariable and variable, oblique of the adjectives etc.
Specialization of the features of the written language took place along with the emergence of a new
standard in the Second phase (1847-1874), and as the standard was consolidated in the Third phase
(1874-1890), the transition from Sanskrit bilingualism to English bilingualism of Marathi writers was
complete. English influence had, by that time, already become firmly established in several
subsystems of language structure. The Institute is also charged with the responsibility of conducting
research on all the minor and lesser-known as well as endangered languages of India to bring out
grammars, dictionaries, style manuals, standardized writing and spelling patterns, language pedagogy
materials, and language technology tools for such languages. By the end of the century, the old
tradition of oral literature was almost forgotten by the intelligentsia and it had to be revived by
nativistic movement as part of the revival of pride in Indian culture (see 3.2.3 and 4.2.4). As the
language was being increasingly anglicized, isolated cries for purity were voiced regularly though
these were not backed up by tangible cultural or social behaviour. But this artificiality is bound to be
there in teaching inflectional languages like Marathi. The mothertongue readers may perhaps find the
lessons somewhat contrived and dull. Although these stages of influence are by no means clearcut,
each of them can be correlated with the. He always appreciated her efforts, allowed her to take every
necessary freedom (the writer's freedom) from the format. Dr. Thirumalai's attitude towards all the
Centres is always very helpful and he always encourages us to accept any new challenges in the field
of applied linguistics. The model of the analysis of linguistic influence constructed in this study may
prove to be a fundamental framework for the study of literary influences as well Invaluable for
students of comparative literature and linguistics, it is a book of vital importance to anyone
interested in nineteenth-century India. National prose connotes the prose characteristic of the whole
language community. At the end of the century, there was a clear division between two types of
language use: the elitist and the proletarian, the distinguishing factor being bilingualism (see 4,3,2,).
The material producer has to control himself in preparing the lessons and he should go step by step.
However, even the extremist type of nationalism did not totally denounce the continuous role of
English as a civilizing force, and puristic movements did not succeed beyond substituting translation
loans for the earlier direct loans from English. The term language id used in both literary and non-
literary forms and the various binary concepts of language such as langue and parole; individual and
social variavles are taken as influencing factors whenever the influence of the English language as a
whole is under discussion. When a sound foundation like this is laid, it becomes easier to cross the
following hurdles. Complete harmony between the teacher and the material producer is absolutely
necessary.
When a sound foundation like this is laid, it becomes easier to cross the following hurdles. It also
made the British the cultural guardians of the backward and stratified Hindu society.' The sense of
wonder nurtured by visitors from Marco Polo to Vasco da Gama, with this colonial undertaking
dissolved itself into a realistic encounter between two distinct cultural traditions in human history. I
always enjoyed the discussions of my doubts with him. But this artificiality is bound to be there in
teaching inflectional languages like Marathi. A booklet dealing with our actual experience, '
ParabhAshA shikshNAcA shAstriy prayog' (A scientific experiment in the teaching of a foreign
language), written by the present author, was published by the Sadhana Prakashan of Pune, at the
end of this course. The model of the analysis of linguistic influence constructed in this study may
prove to be a fundamental framework for the study of literary influences as well Invaluable for
students of comparative literature and linguistics, it is a book of vital importance to anyone
interested in nineteenth-century India. English influence had, by that time, already become firmly
established in several subsystems of language structure. The phase marks the belated transformation
of the Indian society from the medieval to the modern. As the total cultural contact ushered in a new
age in Maharashtra and India, the need for a new mode of communication, namely prose, was felt as
essential towards new uses of the language (sec 1.1.4). The direct or indirect effects of colonization
on the linguistic situation in India arc of far greater significance than the meagre studies of these
problems done so far would reflect. Since learning in the nineetenth century was monopolized by the
upper caste Brahmans, both modernization and revivalism bore the stamp of Brahmanization (see
3.2.3, 3.4 and 3.5). The socio-linguistic implication of Brahmanization was that it helped speedy
standardization of Marathi prose, because the written standards, formulated mainly by Brahman
writers, were imitated wholly by other writers and there was least interference from other sociolects
(see 4.4). It was my good fortune to be associated with the teaching and material production in this
course and a subsequent advanced course. You can select express shipping while checking out on the
website. My name is Mohan.' But in languages like Marathi, where there are three genders, variable
possessive adjectives, agreement between the variable adjective and noun, subject or object and
verb, the oblique forms of the nouns etc. Take deep breaths with your eyes closed to melt away your
worries. That year, in response to a request from Mr. Rae, a British missionary, he agreed to set up a
Marathi Course for foreigners and entrusted the designing and supervision of the course to Dr. N. G.
Kalelkar, an eminent linguist and Marathi scholar. Specialization of the features of the written
language took place along with the emergence of a new standard in the Second phase (1847-1874),
and as the standard was consolidated in the Third phase (1874-1890), the transition from Sanskrit
bilingualism to English bilingualism of Marathi writers was complete. The material producer has to
control himself in preparing the lessons and he should go step by step. This concept assumed the
form of 'the white man's burden' in the twentieth century. However scant attention is paid to the
entire scale of influence mechanism and to the fundamental linguistic aspects of culture contact. The
culmination of this encounter became more material and real after the 1857 mutiny when the concept
of Pax Britannica assumed precedence over all other relationships. The study has developed a
comparative literary concept of influence invoking the entire scale of specific socio-linguistic
processes active at the deeper level of society. Dr. Thirumalai's attitude towards all the Centres is
always very helpful and he always encourages us to accept any new challenges in the field of applied
linguistics. Subsequently Dr.Suman Belwalkar revised this in the year 2003 by incorporating new
materials and techniques on the basis of the experience gained. He has to attend for instance, to the
conversation, role-play, dictation, reading etc., (The centres devote 5 12 hours a day to teaching). My
colleagues from the Marathi Department made useful suggestions also. Hence the course was revised
as per the needs of the Centre. All returned items must be in new and unused condition, with all
original tags and labels attached. Also, since several linguistic and non-linguistic phenomena are at
word in the formation of a national style, only those that directly o stylistic are attended to The broad
principle that seemingly arbitrary influence of one culture on the other follows definite laws on the
level of language is the basic hypothesis of the study. The then chief linguist, Dr.D.P.Pattanayak,
helped us in the techniques to be followed for the recordings. One of the programmes of this institute
was to impart training in a non-mother tongue language to secondary school teachers.
She is very much grateful to all those who helped her. My name is Mohan.' But in languages like
Marathi, where there are three genders, variable possessive adjectives, agreement between the
variable adjective and noun, subject or object and verb, the oblique forms of the nouns etc. Our
office superintendent, Mr.N.V.Bhate, took great labours to bring out this course in this form. All the
members of the staff accepted this work as something of a challenge and only with their kind co-
operation, this course is brought out so nicely. English influence had, by that time, already become
firmly established in several subsystems of language structure. The then chief linguist,
Dr.D.P.Pattanayak, helped us in the techniques to be followed for the recordings. My colleagues
from the Marathi Department made useful suggestions also. Subsequently Dr.Suman Belwalkar
revised this in the year 2003 by incorporating new materials and techniques on the basis of the
experience gained. Of the many indices of the influence the most important has been the steady
growth of English education, and consequently, of borrowing from the English language. Even a
slight shade of the English language in the writing increased the acceptability and prestige of an
argument in Marathi. All educational institutions were started with a view to transforming the Hindu
view of life, dominated by the karma theory, to the modem European outlook of science and
rationalism. This was thought in order to implement the three language formula and the assurances
given to linguistic minorities. The author is unable to express her gratitude towards him in suitable
terms. In spite of it, the writer does not claim that the present work is completely free from
drawbacks. He afforded her a number of facilities in bringing out the book. He always appreciated
her efforts, allowed her to take every necessary freedom (the writer's freedom) from the format. All
returned items must be in new and unused condition, with all original tags and labels attached. I
recall with gratitude the quiet generosity of the institutions. This is a unique phenomenon in terms of
its magnitude and size and is thus capable of multiple interpretations. This influence is invariably
linked with a renaissance in arts and life by Indian critics and social scientists Foreigners visiting
different parts of India during the last century and a half have recognised it as a dominant feature of
Indian social life. There was little freedom to choose the aspects of learning other than those
institutionalized and this perpetuated definite linguistic influences. The transition from the oral to the
written and from manuscript to print culture was the first requisite of the new prose style, which was
laboriously accomplished by the first generation of the prose writers in the First phase (1818-1857).
He has to attend for instance, to the conversation, role-play, dictation, reading etc., (The centres
devote 5 12 hours a day to teaching). As the total cultural contact ushered in a new age in
Maharashtra and India, the need for a new mode of communication, namely prose, was felt as
essential towards new uses of the language (sec 1.1.4). The direct or indirect effects of colonization
on the linguistic situation in India arc of far greater significance than the meagre studies of these
problems done so far would reflect. It gradually encroached upon the oral culture and encouraged
written culture as the sole literary style of expression in all walks of life. Complete harmony between
the teacher and the material producer is absolutely necessary. The author of this course was
appointed as Principal of the Western Regional Language Centre in 1970 and she brought all the
materials which she had already prepared for the courses conducted in the Deccan College. So that in
many places the linguist has had to make room for the critic. All the lessons prepared for the course
were recorded in the recording room of the American Institute of Indian Studies (located at the
Deccan College), which by then had established a major Applied Linguistics programme, with
special reference to' the teaching of Indian languages as foreign languages. As a classic example of
cultural contact it gave rise simultaneously and at different phases to various nativistic movements,
opposed to one another in nature and kind, such as neo-Hinduism and anti-Brahmanism,
Brahmanization and Westernization, glorification of the West and revulsion against the West,
anglomania and Anglophobia, revivalism and modernization (see 3.2.3 and 4.2.4.). The studies of
concrete problems ansmg out of this contact present a rich field for future research.
All educational institutions were started with a view to transforming the Hindu view of life,
dominated by the karma theory, to the modem European outlook of science and rationalism.
However scant attention is paid to the entire scale of influence mechanism and to the fundamental
linguistic aspects of culture contact. This influence is invariably linked with a renaissance in arts and
life by Indian critics and social scientists Foreigners visiting different parts of India during the last
century and a half have recognised it as a dominant feature of Indian social life. By the last decade
of the nineteenth century a standard prose style was clearly evolved, as it is evident in the works of
English educated prose writers such as Vishnushastri Chiplunkar, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar, Bal
Gangadhar Tilak and Hari Narayan Apte. - This division into phases is intended more to mark the
different stages of the influence of English than for suggesting that any startling change was to be
expected merely because one phase ended in 1847 and another began in the same year. In spite of it,
the writer does not claim that the present work is completely free from drawbacks. I have also
experienced that the model of linguistic influence is equally effective in the study of literary
influence by drawing an analogy between the behaviour of a linguistic subsystem and that of a
literary subsystem under influence. Every time, I got new ideas in the field of descriptive linguistics.
One of the programmes of this institute was to impart training in a non-mother tongue language to
secondary school teachers. Since learning in the nineetenth century was monopolized by the upper
caste Brahmans, both modernization and revivalism bore the stamp of Brahmanization (see 3.2.3, 3.4
and 3.5). The socio-linguistic implication of Brahmanization was that it helped speedy
standardization of Marathi prose, because the written standards, formulated mainly by Brahman
writers, were imitated wholly by other writers and there was least interference from other sociolects
(see 4.4). It is mainly confined to written literary prose as against non-literary prose, though in the
formative phase of any national style this distinction is often blurred. The then chief linguist,
Dr.D.P.Pattanayak, helped us in the techniques to be followed for the recordings. My name is
Mohan.' But in languages like Marathi, where there are three genders, variable possessive adjectives,
agreement between the variable adjective and noun, subject or object and verb, the oblique forms of
the nouns etc. That year, in response to a request from Mr. Rae, a British missionary, he agreed to set
up a Marathi Course for foreigners and entrusted the designing and supervision of the course to Dr.
N. G. Kalelkar, an eminent linguist and Marathi scholar. Subsequently Dr.Suman Belwalkar revised
this in the year 2003 by incorporating new materials and techniques on the basis of the experience
gained. A work of real originality, it is a remarkable analysis of how a native linguistic system adjusts
itself to the new conditions under the pressure of a dominant culture, selects and gradually
transforms the alien values into its subsystems during the prolonged colonial period of culture
contact, still retaining the age-old aesthetic systems on the strength of the nativist principle. All the
lessons prepared for the course were recorded in the recording room of the American Institute of
Indian Studies (located at the Deccan College), which by then had established a major Applied
Linguistics programme, with special reference to' the teaching of Indian languages as foreign
languages. There he may take some freedom in vocabulary items etc. I'll never forget these
discussions about the Marathi Language. The four branches, the Regional Language Centres, started
teaching Indian languages to secondary school teachers with a view to implementing the three
language formula and providing more language choice to young students in secondary schools.
Below are a few solved questions for you so that you get an idea as to how to attempt Report
Writing class 12 Report writing questions well. This is a unique phenomenon in terms of its
magnitude and size and is thus capable of multiple interpretations. However, even the extremist type
of nationalism did not totally denounce the continuous role of English as a civilizing force, and
puristic movements did not succeed beyond substituting translation loans for the earlier direct loans
from English. And I thank Shri Prabhakar Bhide of Rajhauns Vitaran, Panaji, who taken a very
enthusiastic interest in publishing this book. I offer this first effort of my work to him as a token of
my gratitude. It also made the British the cultural guardians of the backward and stratified Hindu
society.' The sense of wonder nurtured by visitors from Marco Polo to Vasco da Gama, with this
colonial undertaking dissolved itself into a realistic encounter between two distinct cultural traditions
in human history. By the end of the century, the old tradition of oral literature was almost forgotten
by the intelligentsia and it had to be revived by nativistic movement as part of the revival of pride in
Indian culture (see 3.2.3 and 4.2.4). As the language was being increasingly anglicized, isolated cries
for purity were voiced regularly though these were not backed up by tangible cultural or social
behaviour. You can select express shipping while checking out on the website. When a sound
foundation like this is laid, it becomes easier to cross the following hurdles. Gujarati and Sindhi,
prepared their courses almost entirely on the lines of the Marathi Course. The success of a course
further depends on the co-ordination between the material producer and the teacher who handles the
class.
However, even the extremist type of nationalism did not totally denounce the continuous role of
English as a civilizing force, and puristic movements did not succeed beyond substituting translation
loans for the earlier direct loans from English. English influence had, by that time, already become
firmly established in several subsystems of language structure. A booklet dealing with our actual
experience, ' ParabhAshA shikshNAcA shAstriy prayog' (A scientific experiment in the teaching of a
foreign language), written by the present author, was published by the Sadhana Prakashan of Pune,
at the end of this course. But this artificiality is bound to be there in teaching inflectional languages
like Marathi. The success of a course further depends on the co-ordination between the material
producer and the teacher who handles the class. In this series, the present book entitled 'An Intensive
Course Reader in Marathi' was created by Dr.Vijaya Chitnis. The material has been in use in our
WRLC centre at Pune since 1979. It gradually encroached upon the oral culture and encouraged
written culture as the sole literary style of expression in all walks of life. I'll never forget these
discussions about the Marathi Language. The four branches, the Regional Language Centres, started
teaching Indian languages to secondary school teachers with a view to implementing the three
language formula and providing more language choice to young students in secondary schools.
Scholars have pointed out that the distinct characteristics of Marathi are attributable to the peculiar
geographical environment of the Marathi-speaking people. From the historical-political-sociological
to the literary-aes-thetic. Dr. Thirumalai's attitude towards all the Centres is always very helpful and
he always encourages us to accept any new challenges in the field of applied linguistics.
Subsequently Dr.Suman Belwalkar revised this in the year 2003 by incorporating new materials and
techniques on the basis of the experience gained. The study has developed a comparative literary
concept of influence invoking the entire scale of specific socio-linguistic processes active at the
deeper level of society. The areas of confrontation are indeed numerous (see 4.2.1), though the
present study confines itself to the confrontation of two linguistic systems. This is a unique
phenomenon in terms of its magnitude and size and is thus capable of multiple interpretations. I offer
this first effort of my work to him as a token of my gratitude. As the influence matured by 1885
several substyles of literary genres (also borrowed from English) and of individual works and author
became specialized under the influence of English. All returned items must be in new and unused
condition, with all original tags and labels attached. The learner, particularly a beginner, is there to
acquire the new language and not to listen to the differences of opinions between the material
producers and the teachers. Complete harmony between the teacher and the material producer is
absolutely necessary. The Centre's programme was designed to give instructions equivalent to almost
ten calendar months within a year. I have also experienced that the model of linguistic influence is
equally effective in the study of literary influence by drawing an analogy between the behaviour of
a linguistic subsystem and that of a literary subsystem under influence. The Institute is also charged
with the responsibility of conducting research on all the minor and lesser-known as well as
endangered languages of India to bring out grammars, dictionaries, style manuals, standardized
writing and spelling patterns, language pedagogy materials, and language technology tools for such
languages. National prose connotes the prose characteristic of the whole language community. A
work of real originality, it is a remarkable analysis of how a native linguistic system adjusts itself to
the new conditions under the pressure of a dominant culture, selects and gradually transforms the
alien values into its subsystems during the prolonged colonial period of culture contact, still retaining
the age-old aesthetic systems on the strength of the nativist principle. There he may take some
freedom in vocabulary items etc. That year, in response to a request from Mr. Rae, a British
missionary, he agreed to set up a Marathi Course for foreigners and entrusted the designing and
supervision of the course to Dr. N. G. Kalelkar, an eminent linguist and Marathi scholar. All returned
items must be in new and unused condition, with all original tags and labels attached. Thus, one
lesson broadly gives one teaching point at a time.