FUNCTION DESCRIPTION

The absolute value or a number without

ABS
its sign.
The accrued interest for a security that
ACCRINT
pays interest periodically.
The accrued interest for a security that
ACCRINTM
pays interest at maturity.
ACOS The arc-cosine of a number.
ACOSH The hyperbolic arc-cosine of a number.
ACOT (2013) The arc-cotangent of a number.
(2013) The hyperbolic arc-cotangent of a
ACOTH
number.
The cell reference given a row and
ADDRESS
column number.
The aggregate of values in a list, table or
AGGREGATE
cell range.
The depreciation of an asset in a single
AMORDEGRC
period (straight-line, implicit coefficient).
The depreciation of an asset in a single
AMORLINC
period (straight-line).
The logical AND for any number of
AND
arguments.
(2013) The number converted from
ARABIC
roman to arabic.
The number of areas in a cell range or
AREAS
reference.
(Microsoft 365) The contents of an array
ARRAYTOTEXT
or cell ranges converted into text.
The text string converted from double
ASC
byte to single byte characters.
ASIN The arc-sine of a number.
ASINH The hyperbolic arc-sine of a number.
ATAN The arc-tangent of a number.
The arc-tangent of the specified x and y
ATAN2
co-ordinates.
ATANH The hyperbolic arc-tangent of a number.
The average deviation of the numbers in
AVEDEV
a list, table or cell range.
The arithmetic mean of the values in a
AVERAGE
list, table or cell range.
The arithmetic mean of the values in a
AVERAGEA list, table or cell range (including logical
values and text).
(AVERAGEIFS) The arithmetic mean of
AVERAGEIF the values in a list, table or cell range that
satisfies one condition.
 The arithmetic mean of the values in a
AVERAGEIFS list, table or cell range that satisfies
multiple conditions.
The number converted to a Thai text
BAHTTEXT
string and appends 'Baht'.
(2013) The number converted into a text
BASE
representation with the given base.
The Bessel function evaluated for purely
BESSELI
imaginary arguments.
The modified Bessel function represented
BESSELJ
by J(x).
The modified Bessel function represented
BESSELK
by K(x).
The modified Bessel function represented
BESSELY
by Y(x).
The probability of getting a specific
BETA.DIST value between 0 and 1 for different
distribution shapes.
The inverse of the cumulative probability
BETA.INV
function for a beta distribution.
(BETA.DIST) The cumulative
BETADIST probability function for a beta
distribution (only cumulative).
(BETA.INV) The inverse of the
BETAINV probability distribution function for a
beta distribution.
The number converted from binary to
BIN2DEC
decimal.
The number converted from binary to
BIN2HEX
hexadecimal.
The number converted from binary to
BIN2OCT
octal.
The probability of getting a specific
BINOM.DIST number of successes using a binomial
distribution.
(2013) The probability of a trial result
BINOM.DIST.RANGE
using a binomial distribution.
The number of trials needed for a
BINOM.INV specific amount of success using a
binomial distribution.
(BINOM.DIST) The probability of
BINOMDIST getting a specific number of successes
using a binomial distribution.
(2013) The bitwise AND of two
BITAND
numbers.
(2013) The number shifted left by a
BITLSHIFT
number of bits.
BITOR (2013) The bitwise OR of two numbers.
 (2013) The number shifted right by a
BITRSHIFT
number of bits.
(2013) The bitwise Exclusive OR of two
BITXOR
numbers.
(Microsoft 365) The results from
BYCOL applying a LAMBDA function to each
column in an array.
(Microsoft 365) The results from
BYROW applying a LAMBDA function to each
row in an array.
Add-in and Automation: Calls a
CALL procedure in a dynamic link library or
code resource
(CEILING.MATH) The number rounded
CEILING up to the nearest integer or significant
figure.
(2013) The number rounded up to the
CEILING.MATH nearest integer or significant figure
(including negative).
(CEILING.MATH) The number rounded
CEILING.PRECISE up to the nearest integer or significant
figure.
The text string indicating information
CELL
about a cell.
The character with the corresponding
CHAR
ANSI/ASCII number.
(CHISQ.DIST.RT) The probability
CHIDIST distribution function for a chi-squared
distribution (right tailed) (no cumulative).
(CHISQ.INV.RT) The inverse of the
CHIINV probability distribution function for a
chi-squared distribution (right tailed).
The probability distribution function OR
CHISQ.DIST the cumulative probability function for a
chi-squared distribution (left tailed).
The probability distribution function for
CHISQ.DIST.RT a chi-squared distribution (right tailed)
(no cumulative).
The inverse of the probability
CHISQ.INV distribution function for a chi-squared
distribution (left tailed).
The inverse of the probability
CHISQ.INV.RT distribution function for a chi-squared
distribution (right tailed) (no cumulative).
The probability value from a chi-squared
CHISQ.TEST
distribution.
(CHISQ.TEST) The probability value
CHITEST
from a chi-squared distribution.
 The value in a row (or column) based on
CHOOSE
an index number.
(Microsoft 365) The array with just a
CHOOSECOLS
specific number of columns.
(Microsoft 365) The array with just a
CHOOSEROWS
specifiic number of rows.
The text string with all the non-printable
CLEAN
characters removed.
The ANSI/ASCII number for the first
CODE
character in a text string.
COLUMN The column number of a cell reference.
The number of columns in a cell range or
COLUMNS
reference.
The number of combinations for a given
COMBIN
number of items (without repetition).
(2013) The number of combinations for a
COMBINA
given number of items (with repetition).
The complex number given real and
COMPLEX
imaginary coefficients.
(2019) The text string that is a
CONCAT
concatenation of cell ranges and strings.
(CONCAT) The text string that is a
CONCATENATE
concatenation of several strings.
(CONFIDENCE.NORM) The confidence
CONFIDENCE
interval for a population mean.
The confidence interval for a population
CONFIDENCE.NORM
mean.
The confidence interval for a population
CONFIDENCE.T
mean using a t distribution.
The number in one measurement system
CONVERT
converted to another.
The correlation coefficient between two
CORREL
data sets.
COS The cosine of a number.
COSH The hyperbolic cosine of a number.
COT (2013) The cotangent of a number.
(2013) The hyperbolic cotangent of a
COTH
number.
The number of numerical values in a list,
COUNT
table or cell range.
The number of numerical values in a list,
COUNTA table or cell range (including logical
values and text).
COUNTBLANK The number of empty cells.
(COUNTIFS) The number of numerical
COUNTIF values in a list, table or cell range that
satisfies one condition.
 The number of numerical values in a list,
COUNTIFS table or cell range that satisfies multiple
conditions.
The number of days between the
COUPDAYBS previous coupon date and the settlement
date.
The number of days between the coupon
COUPDAYS dates on either side of the settlement
date.
The number of days between the
COUPDAYSNC
settlement date and the next coupon date.
The next coupon date after the settlement
COUPNCD
date.
The number of coupons between the
COUPNUM
settlement date and the maturity date.
The previous coupon date before the
COUPPCD
settlement date.
(COVARIANCE.P) The average of the
COVAR products of deviations for each data point
pair.
The covariance based on an entire
COVARIANCE.P
population.
COVARIANCE.S The covariance based on a sample.
(BINOM.INV) The inverse of the
CRITBINOM probability distribution function for a
binomial distribution (renamed).
CSC (2013) The cosecant of a number.
(2013) The hyperbolic cosecant of a
CSCH
number.
The name of a key performance
CUBEKPIMEMBER
indicator.
CUBEMEMBER The member or tuple from a cube.
Cube: Returns the value of a member
property in the cube. Use to validate that
CUBEMEMBERPROPEa member name exists within the cube
and to return the specified property for
this member.
Cube: Returns the nth, or ranked,
member in a set. Use to return one or
CUBERANKEDMEMB
more elements in a set, such as the top
sales performer or top 10 students.
The calculated members returned from a
CUBESET
cube.
CUBESETCOUNT The number of items in a set.
CUBEVALUE The aggregated value from a cube.
The cumulative interest payment on a
CUMIPMT
loan between two dates.
The cumulative principal paid on a loan
CUMPRINC
between two dates.
 The date as a date serial number given a
DATE
year, month, day.
(Compatibility) The number of days,
DATEDIF
months or years between two dates.
The date serial number given a date in
DATEVALUE
text format.
The arithmetic mean of all the numbers
DAVERAGE in a column that satisfies multiple
conditions.
The day as an integer given a date serial
DAY
number.
(2013) The number of days between two
DAYS
dates.
The number of days between two dates,
DAYS360
based on 30 day months.
The depreciation of an asset in a single
DB
period (declining balance method).
(2013) The text string converted from
DBCS
single byte to double byte characters.
The number of numerical values in a
DCOUNT
column that satisfies multiple conditions.
The number of numerical values in a
DCOUNTA column that satisfies multiple conditions
(including logical values and text).
The depreciation of an asset in a single
DDB period (double or triple declining balance
method).
The number converted from decimal to
DEC2BIN
binary.
The number converted from decimal to
DEC2HEX
hexadecimal.
The number converted from decimal to
DEC2OCT
octal.
(2013) The decimal number of a text
DECIMAL representation of a number in a given
base.
The number of degrees given a number
DEGREES
of radians.
The numerical value indicating if two
DELTA
numbers are equal.
The sum of the squared deviations from
DEVSQ
the mean.
The single value in a column that
DGET
satisfies multiple conditions.
The interest rate (or discount rate) for a
DISC
security held to maturity.
The largest value in a column that
DMAX
satisfies multiple conditions.
The smallest value in a column that
DMIN
satisfies multiple conditions.
 The text string of a number with the
DOLLAR
dollar formatting $0,000.00.
The dollar fraction expressed as a
DOLLARDE
decimal.
The dollar decimal expressed as a
DOLLARFR
fraction.
The product of the values in a column
DPRODUCT
that satisfies multiple conditions.
(Microsoft 365) The array without
DROP
certain rows or columns.
The standard deviation of the values in a
DSTDEV column that satisfies multiple conditions
based on a sample.
The standard deviation of the values in a
DSTDEVP column that satisfies multiple conditions
based on an entire population.
The total of the values in a column that
DSUM
satisfies multiple conditions.
The annual duration of a security that
DURATION
pays interest periodically.
The variance of the values in a column
DVAR that satisfies multiple conditions based
on a sample.
The variance of the values in a column
DVARP that satisfies multiple conditions based
on an entire population.
(Compatibility) The number rounded up
ECMA.CEILING
to the nearest multiple of significance.
The date serial number that is a certain
EDATE
number of months before or after a date.
The effective interest rate given a
EFFECT nominal interest rate and compounding
frequency.
ENCODEURL (2013) The url encoded string.
The date serial number of the last day of
EOMONTH
a month before or after a date.
The value of the error function integrated
ERF
between two limits.
The value of the error function integrated
ERF.PRECISE
between 0 and a limit.
(ERFC.PRECISE) The complementary
ERFC error function integrated between a limit
and infinity.
The complementary error function
ERFC.PRECISE
integrated between a limit and infinity.
The number corresponding to a particular
ERROR.TYPE
error value in a cell.
EUROCONVERT The number converted to euros.
The number rounded up to the nearest
EVEN
even integer.
 The value True or False based on
EXACT
whether two strings match exactly.
The exponential number raised to a
EXP
particular power.
(Microsoft 365) The array expanded or
EXPAND
padded to specific dimensions.
The probability distribution function OR
EXPON.DIST the cumulative probability function for an
exponential distribution.
(EXPON.DIST) The probability
distribution function OR the cumulative
EXPONDIST
probability function for an exponential
distribution.
The probability distribution function OR
F.DIST the cumulative probability function for an
f distribution (left tailed).
The probability distribution function for
F.DIST.RT an f distribution (right tailed) (no
cumulative).
The inverse of the probability
F.INV distribution function for an f distribution
(left tailed).
The inverse of the probability
F.INV.RT distribution function for an f distribution
(right tailed).
The probability value from an f
F.TEST
distribution.
FACT The factorial of a positive whole number.
The double factorial of a positive whole
FACTDOUBLE
number.
FALSE The logical value False.
(F.DIST) The probability distribution
FDIST function for an f distribution (left tailed)
(no cumulative).
(Microsoft 365) The value in a particular
FIELDVALUE
field from a linked data type.
(2021) The array after filtering data that
FILTER
satisfies multiple conditions.
(2013) The specific data from the xml
FILTERXML
content by using xpath.
The starting position of a substring
FIND
within a larger text string.
(F.INV) The inverse of the probability
FINV distribution function for an f distribution
(left tailed).
FISHER The fisher transformation.
FISHERINV The inverse of the fisher transformation.
The text string of a number rounded to a
FIXED
fixed number of decimal places.
 (FLOOR.MATH) The number rounded
FLOOR down to the nearest integer or significant
figure.
(2013) The number rounded down to the
FLOOR.MATH nearest integer or significant figure
(including negative).
(FLOOR.MATH) The number rounded
FLOOR.PRECISE down to the nearest integer or significant
figure.
(FORECAST.LINEAR) The future y-
FORECAST value along a linear trend using existing
values.
(2016) The future value based on
FORECAST.ETS
historical values.
Statistical: Returns a confidence
FORECAST.ETS.CONFinterval for the forecast value at the
specified target date
Statistical: Returns the length of the
FORECAST.ETS.SEA repetitive pattern Excel detects for the
specified time series
Statistical: Returns a statistical value as
FORECAST.ETS.STAT
a result of time series forecasting
(2016) The future y-value along a linear
FORECAST.LINEAR
trend using existing values.
(2013) The formula from a particular
FORMULATEXT
cell.
The number of times a particular value
FREQUENCY
occurs.
(F.TEST) The probability value from an f
FTEST
distribution.
The future value of a series of equal cash
FV
flows at regular intervals.
The future value of an initial principal
FVSCHEDULE
after applying compound interest rates.
GAMMA (2013) The gamma function value.
The probability distribution function OR
GAMMA.DIST the cumulative probability function for a
gamma distribution.
The inverse of the cumulative probability
GAMMA.INV
function for a gamma distribution.
(GAMMA.DIST) The probability
distribution function OR the cumulative
GAMMADIST
probability function for a gamma
distribution.
(GAMMA.INV) The inverse of the
GAMMAINV probability distribution for a gamma
distribution.
(GAMMALN.PRECISE) The natural
GAMMALN
logarithm of the gamma function.
 The natural logarithm of the gamma
GAMMALN.PRECISE
function.
(2013) The 0.5 less than the standard
GAUSS
normal cumulative distribution.
The greatest common divisor of two or
GCD
more numbers.
The geometric mean of an array of
GEOMEAN
numbers.
The value True or False depending if the
GESTEP
number is greater than a threshold value.
GETPIVOTDATA The data obtained from a pivot table.
(Microsoft 365) The grouping of your
GROUPBY data along one axis and aggregates the
associated values.
The predicted exponential growth using
GROWTH
existing data.
HARMEAN The harmonic mean of a data set.
The number converted from hexadecimal
HEX2BIN
to binary.
The number converted from hexadecimal
HEX2DEC
to decimal.
The number converted from hexadecimal
HEX2OCT
to octal.
The value in the same column after
HLOOKUP
finding a matching value in the first row.
The hour as an integer given a date serial
HOUR
number.
(Microsoft 365) The array after putting
HSTACK
multiple arrays next to each other.
The hyperlink linked to a cell, document
HYPERLINK
or webpage.
The probability distribution functon OR
HYPGEOM.DIST the cumulative probability function for a
hypergeometric distribution.
(HYPGEOM.DIST) The cumulative
HYPGEOMDIST probability function for a hypergeometric
distribution (only cumulative).
The value based on whether a condition
IF
is True or False.
The value or something else if it
IFERROR
evaluates to an error.
(2013) The value or something else if it
IFNA
evaluates to #N/A.
(2019) The value based on multiple True
IFS
or False conditions.
IMABS The absolute value of a complex number.
(Microsoft 365) The image from a web
IMAGE
URL.
 The imaginary coefficient of a complex
IMAGINARY
number.
IMARGUMENT The theta argument in radians.
The complex conjugate of a complex
IMCONJUGATE
number.
IMCOS The cosine of a complex number.
(2013) The hyperbolic cosine of a
IMCOSH
complex number.
(2013) The cotangent of a complex
IMCOT
number.
(2013) The cosecant of a complex
IMCSC
number.
(2013) The hyperbolic cosecant of a
IMCSCH
complex number.
IMDIV The quotient of two complex numbers.
IMEXP The exponential of a complex number.
The natural logarithm of a complex
IMLN
number.
The base-10 logarithm of a complex
IMLOG10
number.
The base-2 logarithm of a complex
IMLOG2
number.
The complex number raised to an integer
IMPOWER
number.
The product of two or more complex
IMPRODUCT
numbers.
The real coefficient of a complex
IMREAL
number.
IMSEC (2013) The secant of a complex number.
(2013) The hyperbolic secant of a
IMSECH
complex number.
IMSIN The sine of a complex number.
(2013) The hyperbolic sine of a complex
IMSINH
number.
IMSQRT The square root of a complex number.
IMSUB The difference of two complex numbers.
The sum of two or more complex
IMSUM
numbers.
IMTAN (2013) The tangent of a complex number.
The value from a cell range which is the
INDEX
intersection of a row AND a column.
The value of a given cell reference
INDIRECT
specified by a text string.
The text string returning useful
INFO
information about the environment.
The number rounded down to the nearest
INT
integer.
 The intersection with the y-axis using a
INTERCEPT linear regression plotted through known
values.
The interest rate for a security held to
INTRATE
maturity.
The interest amount paid on a given
IPMT
period on a loan with fixed interest.
The interest rate for a series of unequal
IRR cash flows at regular intervals (implicit
reinvestment rate).
The boolean True or False depending if
ISBLANK
the value is blank.
The boolean True or False depending if
ISERR
the value is an error (not #N/A).
The boolean True or False depending if
ISERROR
the value is an error.
The boolean True or False depending if
ISEVEN
the value is an even number.
(2013) The boolean True or False
ISFORMULA
depending if the cell contains a formula.
The boolean True or False depending if
ISLOGICAL
the value is True or False.
The boolean True or False depending if
ISNA
the value is #N/A.
The boolean True or False depending if
ISNONTEXT
the value is non text.
The boolean True or False depending if
ISNUMBER
the value is a number.
(CELING.MATH) The number rounded
ISO.CEILING up to the nearest integer or significant
figure (renamed).
The boolean True or False depending if
ISODD
the value is an odd number.
(Microsoft 365) The boolean True or
ISOMITTED False depending whether the value in a
LAMBDA is missing.
(2013) The number of the ISO week of
ISOWEEKNUM
the year for a given date.
(IPMT) The interest paid for a given
ISPMT period in a series of equal cash flows at
regular intervals (incorrectly).
The boolean True or False depending if
ISREF
the value is a cell reference.
The boolean True or False depending if
ISTEXT
the value is text.
(DBCS) The text string converted from
JIS single byte to double byte characters
(renamed).
The kurtosis for a list or array of
KURT
numbers.
 (Microsoft 365) The results of a formula
LAMBDA
added as a named range.
The kth largest value in a list, table or
LARGE
cell range.
The least common multiple of two or
LCM
more numbers.
The first or left most characters in a text
LEFT
string.
LEN The number of characters in a text string.
(2021) The result of a formula that can
LET
use variables.
The array of values for a straight line that
LINEST
best fits your data.
LN The natural logarithm of a number.
LOG The logarithm of a number to any base.
The logarithm of a number to the base
LOG10
10.
The array of values for an exponential
LOGEST
curve that best fits your data.
(LOGNORM.INV) The inverse of the
LOGINV probability distribution function for a
lognormal distribution.
The probability distribution function OR
LOGNORM.DIST the cumulative probability function for a
lognormal distribution.
The inverse of the probability
LOGNORM.INV distribution function for a lognormal
distribution.
(LOGNORM.DIST) The cumulative
LOGNORMDIST probability function for a lognormal
distribution (only cumulative).
The value in a row (or column) that
LOOKUP
matches a value in a column (or row).
The text string with all the characters
LOWER
converted to lowercase.
(Microsoft 365) The array calculated by
MAKEARRAY
applying a LAMBDA function.
(Microsoft 365) The array formed by
MAP applying a map using a LAMBDA
function.
The position of a value in a list, table or
MATCH
cell range.
The largest value in a list, table or cell
MAX
range.
The largest value in a list, table or cell
MAXA
range (including logical values and text).
(2019) The largest value in a list, table or
MAXIFS cell range that satisfies multiple
conditions.
MDETERM The matrix determinant of an array.
 The modified duration for a security that
MDURATION
pays interest periodically.
The number in the middle of a set of
MEDIAN
numbers.
The characters from the middle of a text
MID
string.
The smallest value in a list, table or cell
MIN
range.
The smallest value in a list, table or cell
MINA
range (including logical values and text).
(2019) The smallest value in a list, table
MINIFS or cell range that satisfies multiple
conditions.
The minute as an integer given a date
MINUTE
serial number.
MINVERSE The inverse matrix of an array.
The interest rate for a series of unequal
MIRR cash flows at regular intervals (explicit
reinvestment rate).
MMULT The matrix product of two arrays.
MOD The remainder after division.
(MODE.SNGL) The first number that
MODE
appears the most often in a set.
The array of all the numbers that appears
MODE.MULT
the most often in a set.
The first number that appears the most
MODE.SNGL
often in a set.
The month as an integer given a date
MONTH
serial number.
The number rounded to the desired
MROUND
multiple.
The number of permutations for a given
MULTINOMIAL
number of items (with duplicates).
(2013) The unit matrix or the specified
MUNIT
dimension.
N The value converted to a number.
NA The error value #N/A.
The probability distribution function OR
NEGBINOM.DIST the cumulative probability function for a
negative binomial distribution.
(NEGBINOM.DIST) The probability
NEGBINOMDIST distribution function for a negative
binomial distribution (no cumulative).
(NETWORKDAYS.INTL) The total
NETWORKDAYS number of working days between two
dates excluding weekends and holidays.
The total number of working days
NETWORKDAYS.INT between two dates excluding weekends
and holidays.
 The nominal interest rate over a period
NOMINAL
given an annual interest rate.
The probability distribution function OR
NORM.DIST the cumulative probability function for a
normal distribution.
The inverse of the probability
NORM.INV distribution function for a normal
distribution.
The probability distribution function OR
NORM.S.DIST the cumulative probability function for a
standard normal distribution.
The inverse of the probability
NORM.S.INV distribution function for a standard
normal distribution.
(NORM.DIST) The probability
distribution function OR the cumulative
NORMDIST
probability function for a normal
distribution.
(NORM.INV) The inverse of the
NORMINV probability distribution function for a
normal distribution.
(NORM.S.DIST) The probability
NORMSDIST distribution function for a standard
normal distribution (no cumulative).
(NORM.S.INV) The inverse of the
NORMSINV probability distribution function for a
standard normal distribution.
NOT The opposite of a True or False value.
The date serial number of the current
NOW
system date and time.
NPER The number of periods for an investment.
The net present value of a series of
NPV
unequal cash flows at regular intervals.
(2013) The number that a text string
NUMBERVALUE
represents (current locale).
The number converted from octal to
OCT2BIN
binary.
The number converted from octal to
OCT2DEC
decimal.
The number converted from octal to
OCT2HEX
hexadecimal.
The number rounded up to the nearest
ODD
odd integer.
The price per $100 face value of a
ODDFPRICE
security with an odd first period.
The yield of a security with an odd first
ODDFYIELD
period.
The price per $100 face value of a
ODDLPRICE
security with an odd last period.
 The yield of a security with an odd last
ODDLYIELD
period.
The value in a cell which is an offset
OFFSET
from another cell.
The logical OR for any number of
OR
arguments.
(2013) The number of periods required
PDURATION by an investment to reach a specified
value.
The pearson product moment correlation
PEARSON
coefficient.
(PERCENTILE.INC) The value from a
PERCENTILE data set that corresponds to a particular
percentage (inclusive).
The value from a data set that
PERCENTILE.EXC corresponds to a particular percentage
(exclusive).
The value from a data set that
PERCENTILE.INC corresponds to a particular percentage
(inclusive).
(PERCENTRANK.INC) The rank of a
PERCENTRANK
value as a percentage (inclusive).
The rank of a value as a percentage
PERCENTRANK.EXC
(exclusive).
The rank of a value as a percentage
PERCENTRANK.INC
(inclusive).
The number of permutations for a subset
PERMUT
of objects or events.
(2013) The number of permutations for a
PERMUTATIONA subset of objects or events (with
repetition).
(2013) The value of the density function
PHI
for a standard normal distribution.
The phonetic characters from a text
PHONETIC
string.
PI The number PI (3.141592).
(Microsoft 365) The grouping of your
PIVOTBY data along two axis and aggregates the
associated values.
The full amount (principal + interest)
PMT paid every period on a loan with fixed
interest.
(POISSON.DIST) The probability
distribution function OR the cumulative
POISSON
probability function for a poisson
distribution.
The probability distribution function OR
POISSON.DIST the cumulative probability function for a
poisson distribution.
POWER The number raised to a given power.
 The principal amount paid on a given
PPMT
period on a loan with fixed interest.
The price of a security that pays periodic
PRICE
interest.
The price of a discounted security (no
PRICEDISC
interest payments).
The price of a security that pays interest
PRICEMAT
at maturity.
The probability that the values in a data
PROB set are greater than a lower limit and less
than an upper limit.
The product of all the numbers in a list,
PRODUCT
table or cell range.
The text string with the first letter of
PROPER
every word as a capital letter.
The present value of a series of equal
PV
cash flows at regular intervals.
(Microsoft 365) The value or object after
PY running code in a Python Editor using the
Microsoft Cloud runtime.
(QUARTILE.INC) The quartile of a data
QUARTILE
set (inclusive).
QUARTILE.EXC The quartile of a data set (exclusive).
QUARTILE.INC The quartile of a data set (inclusive).
QUOTIENT The integer portion after division.
The number of radians given the number
RADIANS
of degrees.
RAND The random number >=0 and <1.
(2021) The array of random numbers
RANDARRAY
between 0 and 1.
The random number between two
RANDBETWEEN
specified numbers (inclusive).
(RANK.EQ) The rank of a value in
RANK
descending order (equal ranking).
The rank of a value in descending order
RANK.AVG
(average ranking).
The rank of a value in descending order
RANK.EQ
(equal ranking).
The interest rate for a series of equal cash
RATE
flows at regular intervals.
The amount received at the end when a
RECEIVED
security is held to maturity.
(Microsoft 365) The total value after
REDUCE reducing an array by applying a
LAMBDA function.
The text string after replacing characters
REPLACE
in a specific location.
The text string repeated a number of
REPT
times.
 The last or right most characters in a text
RIGHT
string.
The text string converting a binary
ROMAN
number to a roman numeral.
The number rounded to a specified
ROUND
number of digits.
The number rounded down to the nearest
ROUNDDOWN
integer.
The number rounded up to the nearest
ROUNDUP
integer.
ROW The row number of a cell reference.
The number of rows in a cell range or
ROWS
reference.
(2013) The equivalent interest rate for the
RRI
growth of an investment.
The square of pearson product moment
RSQ correlation coefficient through data
points in known y's and known x's.
The real time data from a program that
RTD
supports COM.
(Microsoft 365) The array after applying
SCAN a LAMBDA function to each value and
returns an array.
The starting position of a substring
SEARCH
within a larger text string.
SEC (2013) The secant of a number.
(2013) The hyperbolic secant of a
SECH
number.
The number of seconds as an integer
SECOND
given a date serial number.
SEQUENCE (2021) The array of sequential numbers.
The sum of a power series based on a
SERIESSUM
formula.
(2013) The sheet number of the
SHEET
referenced sheet.
(2013) The number of sheets in a
SHEETS
reference.
The numerical value indicating if a
SIGN
number is positive or negative.
SIN The sine of a number.
(2021, Removed in 365) The value from
SINGLE a cell range which is the intersection of a
row OR a column.
SINH The hyperbolic sine of a number.
The number representing the skewness of
SKEW
a distribution based on a sample.
(2013) The number representing the
SKEW.P skewness of a distribution based on an
entire population.
 The depreciation of an asset in a single
SLN
period (straight-line method).
The slope of a linear regression line
SLOPE
through the given data points.
The kth smallest value in a list, table or
SMALL
cell range.
(2021) The array of data that has been
SORT
sorted by one column.
(2021) The array of data that has been
SORTBY
sorted based on multiple columns.
SQRT The positive square root of a number.
The square root of a number multiplied
SQRTPI
by PI.
The normalized value from a distributed
STANDARDIZE characterised by a mean and a standard
deviation.
(STDEV.S) The standard deviation based
STDEV
on a sample.
The standard deviation based on an entire
STDEV.P
population.
The standard deviation based on a
STDEV.S
sample.
The standard deviation based on a sample
STDEVA
(including logical values and text).
(STDEV.P) The standard deviation based
STDEVP
on an entire population.
The standard deviation based on an entire
STDEVPA population (including logical values and
text).
STEYX The standard error of a regression.
(Microsoft 365) The historical data about
STOCKHISTORY
a financial instrument.
The text string after replacing instances
SUBSTITUTE
of a substring.
(AGGREGATE) The subtotal of values
SUBTOTAL
in a list, table or cell range (renamed).
The total of the numerical values in a list,
SUM
table or cell range.
(SUMIFS) The total of the numerical
SUMIF values in a list, table or cell range that
satisfies one condition.
The total of the numerical values in a list,
SUMIFS table or cell range that satisfies multiple
conditions.
The sum of the product of one or more
SUMPRODUCT
arrays of values.
SUMSQ The variation of a data set from its mean.
The sum of the difference of squares of
SUMX2MY2
corresponding values in two arrays.
 The sum of the sum of squares of
SUMX2PY2
corresponding values in two arrays.
The sum of squares of differences of
SUMXMY2
corresponding values in two arrays.
(2019) The value based on a list of exact
SWITCH
matches.
The depreciation of an asset in a single
SYD
period (sum-of-years digits method).
T The text string of the value given.
The probability distribution function for
T.DIST
a t distribution (left tailed).
The probability distribution function for
T.DIST.2T
a two tailed distribution (no cumulative).
The probability distribution function for
T.DIST.RT a t distribution (right tailed) (no
cumulative).
The inverse of the probability
T.INV distribution function for a t distribution
(left tailed)
The inverse of the probability
T.INV.2T distribution function for a two tailed
distribution.
The probability value from a t
T.TEST
distribution.
(Microsoft 365) The intersection of
TAKE
specific rows and columns in an array.
TAN The tangent of a number.
TANH The hyperbolic tangent of a number.
The yield (bond-equivalent) for a
TBILLEQ
treasury bill.
The price per $100 face value for a
TBILLPRICE
treasury bill.
TBILLYIELD The yield for a treasury bill.
(T.DIST.2T) The percentage points
TDIST
probability for the t distribution.
TEXT The number as a formatted text string.
(Microsoft 365) The characters from the
TEXTAFTER
end of a text string after a delimiter.
(Microsoft 365) The characters from the
TEXTBEFORE
start of a text string before a delimiter.
(2019) The text string that is a
TEXTJOIN concatenation of several strings with a
delimiter.
(Microsoft 365) The text string split into
TEXTSPLIT
multiple columns using delimiters.
The time as a decimal given an hour,
TIME
minute, second.
The time as a decimal given a time in text
TIMEVALUE
format.
 (T.INV.2T) The t-value of the
TINV distribution as a function of the
probability and the degrees of freedom.
(Microsoft 365) The array transformed
TOCOL
into a single column.
The date serial number representing
TODAY
today's date.
(Microsoft 365) The array transformed
TOROW
into a single row.
TRANSPOSE The array with its orientation changed.
The y-values along a linear trend given a
TREND
set of x-values.
The text string with all extra spaces
TRIM removed from the beginning, middle and
end.
TRIMMEAN The mean of the interior of a data set.
TRUE The logical value True.
The number with any decimal places
TRUNC
removed.
(T.TEST) The probability value from a t
TTEST
distribution.
The number indicating the data type of
TYPE
the value.
(2013) The character with the
UNICHAR
corresponding UNICODE character.
(2013) The unicode number for the first
UNICODE
character in a text string.
(2021) The array of unique values in a
UNIQUE
list, table or cell range.
The text string with all the characters
UPPER
converted to uppercase.
(NUMBERVALUE) The number that a
VALUE
text string represents (renamed).
(Microsoft 365) The value converted to
VALUETOTEXT
text.
(VAR.S) The variance based on a
VAR
sample.
The variance based on an entire
VAR.P
population.
VAR.S The variance based on a sample.
The variance based on a sample
VARA
(including logical values and text).
(VAR.P) The variance based on an entire
VARP
population.
The variance based on an entire
VARPA population (including logical values and
text).
The depreciation of an asset in a single
VDB period (variable declining balance
method).
 The value in the same row after finding a
VLOOKUP
matching value in the first column.
(Microsoft 365) The array after putting
VSTACK
multiple arrays on top of each other.
WEBSERVICE (2013) The results from a webservice.
WEEKDAY The day of the week for a given date.
The week number in the year for a given
WEEKNUM
date.
(WEIBULL.DIST) The probability
distribution function OR the cumulative
WEIBULL
probability function for a weibull
distribution.
The probability distribution function OR
WEIBULL.DIST the cumulative probability function for a
weibull distribution.
(WORKDAY.INTL) The date serial
WORKDAY number that is a given number of
working days before or after a date.
The date serial number that is a given
WORKDAY.INTL number of working days before or after a
date.
(Microsoft 365) The array transformed
WRAPCOLS
into multiple columns.
(Microsoft 365) The array transformed
WRAPROWS
into multiple rows.
The interest rate for a series of unequal
XIRR cash flows at irregular intervals (implicit
reinvestment rate).
(2021) The value in the same row after
XLOOKUP
finding a matching value in any column.
(2021) The position of a value in a list,
XMATCH
table or cell range.
The net present value of a series of
XNPV
unequal cash flows at irregular intervals.
(2013) The logical exclusive OR for any
XOR
number of arguments.
The year as an integer given a date serial
YEAR
number.
The number of years as a decimal
YEARFRAC
between two dates.
The interest rate (annual) for a series of
YIELD
equal cash flows at regular intervals.
The interest rate (annual) for a
YIELDDISC discounted security (no interest
payments).
The interest rate (annual) for a security
YIELDMAT
that pays interest at maturity.
 The probability that the supplied
Z.TEST hypothesized sample mean is greater than
the mean of the supplied data values.
(Z.TEST) The probability that the
supplied hypothesized sample mean is
ZTEST
greater than the mean of the supplied data
values.