Key Test1 Reading Part 1 Training Reading for gist; dealing with distraction 11 anextract from anovel 2 to collect package 2 As ever in autumn ... the darkening sky D, He thought about taking a bus ... how infrequent they were B, There was hardly anyone around A, “Hi.” he said, but there was no reply when he ave them a wave .. C ‘A. “hardly anyone” contradicts ‘many people” B: ‘remembered how infrequent they were" normal (it didn’t surprise him) licates this was c: here were two ‘unfriendly’ reactions, and Liam says “it ‘doesn't fe! like it (i.e. his home town) any more” He “recognised the four teenagers and ‘was sure ie knew” the ‘young couple so he would be surprised that they didn’t reply (or looked away. D: It says ‘As ever’, soit was no surprise, 3. A. He didn’t want to be there a moment longer than necessary" contradicts the statement B: “impatiently”, “if you can give me the package, Ill be on my. way’ and “He dida’t want to be there a moment longer than rceessary’~all help to show that B is correct 'Had the plan perhaps become so ambitious that it had seared him off7"— Carson might be afraid, not Liam D: ‘he was right on time contradicts the statement Exam practice Advi 1 the first paragraph 2 frequently/continually, no ~ they may mean bear is approaching 3 Out of curiosity they might accidentally tear the tent or cause injury, 4 dangers, her brain will slow down 5 She discovered she might have lost weight. 6 atractor tyre 7 She felt she had no choice bat 10 do it 8 She's not sure she will succeed. Exam task 1 Correct answ = C: The writer talks of “the few remaining challenges of exploration left to women’ Incorrect answers: A “This is no small achievement” means it is not easy, and there {sno suggestion this view is news B: is wrong because the text, implies that other women have already walked tothe Pole, but Cristina would be the first to do so ‘solo and on foot’; D: The ‘writer states a condition (if... Franco succeeds’) for something possible in the furure (‘will have earned a place inthe history books’) 184 | Test 1 Key 2 Correct answer: B: She's ina ten, soa strong wind could blow it <éown; ‘racking ice’ could mean the tent is falling ito the wate, ‘or danger from beats. Inorrest answers Inthe cireumstnes, these sounds are unlikely wo make her feel more rlaned; C: Shes {eying to sleep, and is unlikely to find these abies any fun, D: “They happen “At the end of each doy’ walking’, 0 won't bea surprise 3 Correct answer: A. She says they ane dangerous because they ae “eurious', wanting to ‘see what you are’, end using a paw could “damage. your arm” Incorrect answers: B: She says “they wor ‘associate me with food’, so they won't attack because of hunger, C. They may not ‘have had contact with amans’, but they ean siill be “dangerous’; D: Although she will ‘carry @ pistol’, that willbe to ‘sear any bears away’, not shoot them 4 Correct answer: /A: The text says “he cold will slow down her brain functions, making it ‘more dificult wo make split-second do 4 know -> make 5 give take 6 make ~ have 7 make > goldo 8 made taken 9 maker do 10 took > had 190 | Test 1 Key 4 of: afta, aware, care, jealous con: depend, rely, Keen, agree in: inerested, involve, succeed, belong for: apply, ear, famous with: agree, belong, pleased, familiar, involved Suggested answers to add: ‘to: used, opposed, sensitive of. capable, approve, proud con: insist, concentrate, based in: result, specialise, lacking for: responsible, wait, known with: disappointed, satisfied, popular 51B 2D 3A 4D SD 6B 76 8C 9A OC Exam practice 1B; only ‘leading’ and ‘resulting’ arc followed by preposition and “leading” takes fo 2 D:none of the other three options go with “holidays 3 A: the only one that is usually folloned by this preposition 4 A: the only one that completes the expression with ‘the plan 5 B: the only onc followed by ‘with’ 6 A. ‘prepared’ ean also be followed by “to, but does not mean “accustomed to” 7 Di the only one that goes with fun’ with the meaning “enjoy themselves" 8 C: goes with ‘to’ and means ‘certain to" 9B: the only one that takes ‘on’ 10 A: the only one that goes with ‘mountsin-biking’. or veting 11 Ds for getting to know someone, only ‘make’ is possible 12. B only apply" takes for’ withthe meaning “formally request”Part 2 Training ‘Useful language: relative pronouns and linking expressions 11 who 2 which 3 whose 4 when 5 where 6 that That 8 that 2.1 when > where 2 that when 3. which —> whofthat 4 what which 5 correct 6 that > who 7 sho» whicivthat 8 correct (‘hat’also possible) 9 thet > which 10 who > whose 3 1whose 2who 3 when 4 where 5 which 6 whose 7 when 8 whichfhat 4 Reason: beeause of; on account of, due to (the fact that), owing to, since, in case Contrast: although, despite (the fact that), (and) yet, though, ‘whereas, while, even though, in spite of, even so, however Purpose: in order to, 0, in order that, 0 as to Addition: as well as, besides, in addition to Conditional: provided (that), unless, as long as $1 bocauseof 2 Inspiteof 3 Unless 4 if 5 soasto 6 inorderthat 7 because 8 even though 9 since 10 if 61 account 2 addition 3 yev/evenso 4 spite S though 6 duc/owing 7 well 8 because 9 tofin orderto 10 unless 11 long 12 butlthoughythoush even though Exam practice 13 spite: contrast between ‘pain’ and ‘millions of people" 14 whoithat: after "people? it cannot be ‘which’ — 18 whose the ‘parents’ of the ‘young people’ 16 order: the purpose is, ‘oexpress their individuality 17 Owing/Due: the appearance of many tattoo studios is because of the inereasing demand 18 Although/While/Though’ Whereas: contrast between ‘modern practice’ and ‘has in fact heen around fora long time” 19 well ‘at that time’ isa clue that it means also 20 so: contrast with the previous sentence, indicating surprise 21 when: non-defining relative clause after time 22. where: non-defining relative c! alter place 23 because: the reason i that they ‘first saw" tattoos there 24 to: the purpose of having tattoos done Part3 Training Useful language: word formation 1.2 a undo, incorrect, impolite, disappear, iregular 3 d helpful, useless, reasonable, courageous, massive, sensitive, ‘wealtay, accessible 4 c instruction, development, kindness, equality, resistance, reference, friendship 2 [verb [ nouns) adjective(s) | adverb(s) comfort | comforts), | (un)eomfortable | (un)eomfortably discomfort) employ Jemployea(s). | (umemplaved, |X cemployer(s), | (un)employable {urpemploymen Tone | hope(s) hopeful, hopefully, hopeless hopelossty x noi8e(@), noisy(ievies), | noisily, awisiness noiseless noisclesly lose [loss(es). losers) | fost losing | X x seience(s), | (unscientific | (uncientiically scientists) relate [relative(s), | relative. related | relatively relation(s) relatonship(s) succeed) [success(es) [unsuccessful (unsuccessfully bb employee ~ person employed, employer — person whe employs people, employment ~ paid work; employed ~ having 2 paid job, employable ~ able todo paid work; hopeful - feeling positive about a future event, hopeless ~ not likely to succeed, (oF improve; hopefully — in a positive way; hopelessly ~ ina negative way; noise ~ a sound, noisiness ~ a lot of noise; noisy = people or things that make 2 noise, noiseless ~ silent; noisily, ~ making a lot of noise while doing something, noisclessly ~ silently; loss ~ something lost, loser ~ person who loses; lost not found of not won, losing ~ player or team that loses; science = the school subject ar academic discipline, scientist ~ person ‘who studies or works in science; relative and relation ~ family member, relation ~ connection between two things, relationship the way people feel and behave towards each other; relative ~ ‘compared to, related ~ connected 3.2 scientists 3 noisy 4 unemployment 6 uncomfortable 7 unsuccsssful 8 loss 4 L heakthfit > healthy (affix) 2 inaceeptble > unacceptable (affix) 3 poltutions -* pollution (singulariplural) 4 Scientifics ~ Scientists (affix) 5 disapointing + disappointment (spelling and affix) 6 remarkable ~r remarkably (aMfix) 7 toosimg > losing (spelling) 8 beatings. heating (singular’plural) 9 unearefial > careless (affix) 10 employers > employees (atx) Exam practice 1 adjective, -able 5 hopeless 2 25 increasingly: adverb, two suffixes (-ing, ly), drops ‘e” in “increase” 26 variety: noun, singuler, suffix (-ety) plus spelling change from ‘ous? 27 unfortunately: adverb, negative, prix (un-) plus suffix (-1y) 28 disappear: verb, negative, prefix (dis) 29 surroundings: nun, poral, sux Ging) Test 1Key | 19130 sensitive: adjective, suffix (-itive), drops ‘e" in ‘sense’; note the difference between “sensitive” (easily upset or very understanding) and “sensible” (showing good judgement) 31 safety: noun, suffix (ty) 32 poisonous: adjective, suffix (-ous) 33 exploration: noun, singular, suffix (ation), drops final ‘ein ‘explore’ 34 heat: noun, singular, spelling change from ‘hot’ to *heat” 3 Suggested answers remarks, remarkable, unremarkable, remarkably, unremarkably, remarked, remarking; increases, increased increasing; varied. variously; unfortunate, misfortune; apparently, appearance, to hear 2 tereplace + replacing 3 tego going 4 going 10 go. 5 terprepare— preparing 6 toxo * going 7 towork-> working 8 buying -> to buy 9 hear» hearing 10 towerk -> working 4 Suggested answors ‘might have done/might not have done, may have done/may not have done, could have done/could not (couldn’t) have done, should have done/should not (shouldn't) have done, ought to have don/ought not (oughen't) to have done, must have done (or had to/dida’t have to do), will have done/will not (won't) have done, needed to have done (or needed to do)/need not (needn't) have done (or did not (didn't) need t0 do), can’t have done 5 2 have (Ve)been 3 nothavetold 4 have got 5 have been 6 have got up 7 not (n') havesent in 8 tohave told 192 | Test 1 Key 6 1 should have begun 2 might have been started 4 could never have 5 did not have 10 havebeen 7 didn’t need to 8 couldn't have Exam practice 35 willl always remember going —-ing form when you ‘remember’ a past event; ‘never’ with ‘forget’ changes to “always? with ‘remember? 36 should nov/shouldn’thave ridden — negative past modal of irregular verb 3 should have 6 should 37 ivwasn'¥was not_worth staying ~ “there was’ changes to ‘it wasn't with ‘worth? 38 might have hidden ~ past modal of irregular verb 39 carried on going up — ing form after a two-part verb five form after ‘likely’ 41 give up cating ~ing form after a phrasal verb 440 isn'/is not likely to improve ~ fo + in 42 must have been — past modal indicating we are sure about a past event shows where the answer is split into two parts for marking purposes. Test 1 Listening Part Training Understanding distraction 1B: *., very well looked afier’ means it was in excellent ‘condition, and “It was a few years old, but you really ‘couldn't tell” gives the impression it looked quite new: ‘A: Both ‘ordinary* and ‘nothing remarkable” indicate it had no special features (Cz He felt the price was ‘a bit high’ and wanted the seller 1 “drop' i, so it coulda’t have been the price that ‘most attracted him’ C: She blames it on a problem with the battery in her mobile, also because she couldn't find the spare one. She would have called him otherwise, DA: [twas Emily’ number shed lost, not his ~ ‘ve lost her umber’ BB: He suggest it was to late, but she says she did't think hhe¥ mind how late it was ~ ‘I didn’t think you'd min how late it was, really” Exam practice Advice 1 A reports news stories and goes to various places to cover them, B is the boss of part of a company and works indoors, C tries to sell things, at people's homes or their places of work 2 “learning from the programme” 3A marriage, children, kids, anniversary, (un}happy, leave, separate, divorce; B work, pay, ear, salary, staff, boss, sack, fre, let (someboxy) go; C learn, (hiome}work, marks, study, student, pupil, write, read, ete,4 agreement; “that would certainly help’, disagreement ‘I'm not sure about that, that’s not really the way I see it” § “Td be grateful if you coule? 6 “there* means inside the focal stadium 7 They're talking about the woman's life 8 She sounds unhoppy whon she's talking about other people. Fram sk 1¢ 2€ 3B 4B 5C 6A 7B 8A Part 2 Training ‘Thinking about possible answers listening for cues 1 Here, ‘rather than’ has a similar meaning to “instead of"; “children’ is possible, although it is always better to use the words from the recording; they might put ‘an adult’ or ‘a teenager’, as these words come just before “a child’; possibly also the other nouns ‘pairs’ or ‘groups’ which follow 2b “house plants *houseplants’*houso-plants"; ‘never leave .. lying around means the same as ‘remove’, because “they might be poisonous’, i. the rabbits will not be “safe’ otherwise ‘keep them in the house with you’ isthe cue; ‘electric cables’ — these need to be ‘protected’, not removed Exam practice Advice 42 “energy production and use” is bigger; ‘air travel” is smaller 13 They are already ‘in schools" 14 ‘not to use so much’ 15 You can reuse ‘envelopes’ but not ‘stamps" 16 When people buy something and they ask for more information, 17 verb 18 10 true for ‘newspapers’, but not for ‘magazines* or “books* Beam eask 9 250 kilos/k’ke 10 old/ancient 114 pollution 12 air travel 13 schools 14 printing 15 envelopes 16 more information 17 share 18 newspapers Part 3 Training Dealing with distraction 1: The speaker mentions being worried about the time and knowing she was going to be late, then says that would ‘mean losing her job, A: This was what she thought at first, bi itis important to listen to the end, but she didn’t miss it, she caught it “I was fully expecting to pass this time", ‘Td have to take it again’, ‘Tl have to pay for more lessons” ‘she changes her mind F: She mentions a tea mE > D: “I hadn't made any serious mistakes or had an accident” ‘There was no accident, and no suggestion that the speaker vas burt F “waiting ... on railway platforms’ This refers tothe future, not to @ past event, and there's no suggestion of missing trains. Exam practice Advice E: ‘I was being overcharged’ F No~ the furniture ‘was cheap but adequate” (Speaker 1), the furniture ‘was very ordinary" (Speaker 3) Exam task 9B 2c Part # Training Understanding distraction; listening for cues 1 Az She says her present work is ‘always interesting” and ‘no two days are ever the same. You never know what to expect next” explaining why, adding ‘that’s great” BB: She accepts the need to deal with these people and indicates she quite likes it by saying ‘Td probably miss it if she had to work elsewhere NE 2A BD (Cz The word ‘that’ in ‘11 find that really dull (boring) refers back to ‘a desk job’, in other words, working in an office, 2a: C is correct, because she suggests “I strongly recommend ..” “working in something else firs", ie, before “becoming a police officer’ bb The cue is Dave's question (*... what would you say to somebody who, say, is about to leave sehool and is considering becoming 2 police officer?) A is wrong because she says “many (of those “considering becoming a police officer”) would benefit from doing a dexree” ie. going to university, B is wrong because she indicates that itis impossible to work part-time in the police when she says everyone has to work ‘long hours" when they start, Exam practice Advice 24 aperiod of time 25 A. scared. frightened, ec., B: worried/ concerned, relaxed, ete, C: sure of oneselfilacking in self confidence, etc. 26 ‘most rewarding’ 27 attitude ~ “feel” tellsus this 28 B parents do this, C stafT'do this. 29 A past to present, B present, C present‘annual action ~ B is wrong. because she says “ina year or s0 I hope to beable to get a car’, @ possible future event 30 A. she rejects her own idea of “moving to somewhere bigger" (after speaking to group leaders at other ‘centres I think I'm quite ucky to be whore Tam’), C: she rejects the interviewers suggestion oF find something else”), saying “il ’be happy inthis Hine of work for some time* Exam tak mC 258 2B 2A BWA WA WB Test 1 Key | 193