PUNE: BRALKS XBR R——___ MELT CHT) SE a Be BE Dante’ s Commedia and the Christian Tradition Leo Leeb Abstract: Dante’ s Commedia Divina is held to be a masterpiece of medieval literature. It was inspired by Christian thought as well as by non-Christian traditions. One of these literary sources is the description of the underworld in Vergilius’ Aeneis which again follows the inspiration of ee Homer. The Biblical traditions and medieval scholasticism were other important constitutive elements in this process. The present analysis tries to point out the different elements within European literature which helped to create Dante”s view of a universe divided into so many layers and into so many different modes of existence . Keywords: ancient European literature, Hell, Chinese literature, ethics F # JA T (Dante) H9 49 tt > Sr $i 2 FE HL "FPR MMWR. Dame HT) REL ERBMS, LIM AE HEK BAR ED CH DE AS be ik — Hp“BUCH HLF” ,— OIE LE” TAS SHEA AE SPERM ILE Dr FEE PAVE AEA (eH He Sy FE CP WM) ( Chinese Hells) *#, Anne Swann Goodrich i : “BB AR: AY BREA TY WAR EAB SE — TR FOR CREM AG. RAMS SAA oh 3645 — He NN GREAA A W— 0 (The conception of a hell where the souls of the wicked are punished is not an indigenous Chinese concept but is quite foreign to early Chinese thought. It was brought into China with Buddhism and amalgamated with old Chinese notions. )” tl SLB EAE BLA SE MUIR” HVE TREE PIA” BZ, RF AB BO HAG FEHB RARE HR” BBA BO BT B WAP RA (BAVAS | ie co CEE Fe BB AY OCR HA KF TA“ b> BR AF” (Seelenreise, journey of the soul) £9 328% 5 “aly FR A 3 ME” 3 Pile 9k MT ABI ER $604) BEWHBC(shamanism) ¢ ART, PEE AMY HR EA A A 1 fH Ja eSATA PA ( Platon)) ff (2 4846-39) (Phaidros ) #1 CERF ELIE) (Theaiter) FF HOFAE » ALGAE AG” LT ar AR HT EM AY BREA. HEBER EMT ( Boethins) (8 (HF fy 3 HL) (De consolatione philosophiae ) ts EGR BURA 5 MALLE NAKA AOA, HH EE RR”, UE AR“ 8” (cummum Domum) oh 5G 49 BA Ta) AE A HE A St BANA ® Anne Swann Goodrich, Chinese Hells: The Peking Temple of Eighteen ‘Hells and Chinese Conceptions of Hell, (C4 484K), (St. Augustin, Monumenta Serica Monograph Series 1981), 68. BEG AOTCP TCH 20 8 -2008 HK)GAME BRAK SLPRR FER, MAE ATLA OME “AME RS HE SEAR FER VE AY BEBE, BORE Us BE SHR AB A OP | (Respicite caeli spatium, firmitudinem, celeritatem, et aliquando desinite | vilia ‘mirari) .” OP BEEF AY HABE s “BOE A Oi ME ty FRY | HEM MN DRAG RARER TERRES TT | 3B AG 5: FR 115 TH BE THT FEL 2K (Pennas etiam tuae menti, quibus se in altum tollere possit, adfigam, ut perturbatione depulsa sospes in patriam me | ductu, mea semita, meis etiam vehiculis revertaris) .”@ik a KR a (8) 36 Ff, CREM SE Me. STIG, PET is A PRG — BD BAD” 1) SK Te SRAM TA. iL IE AH IT (Herakles) 35 BAIR] , Fe ARH AK HY By 56M Wi (Kerberos), FE T AY HH We 1 I (Hades) Al HE 44 $6 Hi (Thanatos) 3+ FL fi fe — 26 Je tik A A, 1 A AT FB BA fad 9 CS Seneca, Hercules furens) . 0K HE JHE 839i ( Euripides ) (9 4 Fi (Bi 2x ZA) | BEM) (Alkestis) "Ft, 6 HL VE HY Wi (Herakles ) HK Be bil 6 Hs A Ir (Admetos) HSE F BT 7K HU Ii HE Hi ( Alkestis) , HA BA I] 401 sth EF ith BAEK. KFRAWM (Orpheus) HH HA WH AVE : — PIES ARH (Orpheus) QD He AF CA 9 BAK LAK Fe ( Eurydike) {15 — ANE ERR TAH ( Orpheus) #4 2 BF WK HK Fe (Eurydike) , Awe IG | SF Mth aE ATE ARE A AT YH OR ET (Theseus ) «8 3 [i Ia] BE $b 3E OA 4B HT (Hades) fH) SEF fil AK HE IS JE (Persephone) , if Hil 1 If ( Perseus) AS #9 #E AK ( Medusa) 29 T RRR 8 Fi MGIA (Andromeda) , & PSF BE T “ZEKE, ZEKE ( Okeanos) © C. Moreschini, ed., De Consolatione Philasophiae ; Opuscula Theologion ({ #8 8) 3 481) (Monachit [Munich]: K.G. Saur, 2000), 3, 8 © Ibid. 4,1.WME HE” O 5h — PRU * TT BR” J “KN” : — PSE A TBA HA AG UR Te AR BATA He ee EA (Bellerophontes) 44 2F #4175 (al NIKI (Pegasus ) FAL HAE, KFA [ib IMT ( Helios) 4 JL-F SESH (Phaeton ) FF 4 BEA HES 34 HE Fl, REET (Theseus) ZEN JR Js PRT Mth MUS HE WLBE A (Poseidon) Fo SR A 0 EE IR 18 WE IT ( Odysseus) 4 Ai [4 ( Homeros)) (1) FRACS ESE 1 Mer De HSE LR” , CES BEAT), Or WM (Teiresias) FRAN FAA A CHW. Hh eal SRK #4) A 2 BHT WH BEIT (Achilles) . PATH J 4 ( Agamemnon ) fA) TEI (Aias) (8) RE, RI RET LB TAN AB A ds, EWR A A HEE. SEA BAAD” BPE nekya JA nekys 24). TER ORT WIFI) ( Aeneis) 45 6 H+, HET AK ( Vergilius) LET RPA. TERI IMG ( Aeneas) #5 J HF ( Cumae) £9 2 36581 (Sibylla) i FFF —— Fe ke” — FSI CR eee JL) SE AGT HY BE Be TT WA De SE AB By” (Elysium) HOY 32 BEAT. EBB HL, RIE WEEN ZK Fe HE SEI (Anchises) LF BE 2 3 Wy AE, SORE AROS AS, BFA, AAS HS HE r= PBT BR (Tu Romane memento:*> regere populos) Ak Aa BE wa AY LEA) ( Paiteia, 38 10 2,614) CATA HA BAe CAPS EL Syria UAL TE) A BEAL IET EAR (Ex) 1 WOME: JAR EH AR A 12 RE LL stir MBALSE SF EE” 19 APA OL BA (Tartaros) 4 12 AYR HL (paychai) EE) I , 7a AF A ET Fo PEREW (Cicero) i AEH FE KK © Hesiodos, Theogonia ({7#'%)) (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007) BUS BOB 20 $B -2008 4K)— PDE: RHPA SRAR (Scipio) ft) 3 (57 7 “somnium Scipionis” ) 3 #8 U8 Be ZE OE HE A Ar 320° EAH RZ Ey BS A a ABR De BR HE” EH OY RAIA BF BT HR. RAR CHEER A BE 56 SE DE AL EAT ADL SF “SR” SB HE SE” se RA PT “i TR YS 5” SB EE” BR” SEH "BL, Sh a — Ah" i” ATT” Ti) AY RE AE GA FTE Homeros HWE PABA) MBAR ZAHN HE = (1849) a4) 9 FEMI) PA KF “HE es AS ETH HH” BVI CIA) HER EL TT 3 A WL EA AR A BE PB RR o F—PMBAE ge hinnom( 4 fiz HY geenna) ,E ORIE 1 AV ZEAB BY BEAT — He HE ACHR AE ; BL Jos 15:8; 18 216; 2 Kgs 23:10; Jer 7:32; 19:6 %) (HGR RAED, 46 OR AY HT, 4 ge hinnom 2th B—T “AIG WR”. BHAA He she’ ol (4 AAT AY hades) , BT Fk Ay SHIR , BA Ii] (BIL Sap 2:1; 17: 14) 5 ZEB BAIN SCRE, 4S PATH — BITE AY Bh OH US HAY FE XA AEA BY BA 4 SUR, SE BLE a SA SE Tio BATE FE i 16K TB AY tehom ( 4 HATE AY abyssos) , Bl “BE A” 5 CECI LT) A 3X ad PEO “RN” LA AY TG (Ps 71:20) o® © Cicero, De re publica ( (3848 4) (Cambridge, MA :Harvard University Press, 2007) . © BMH CE ae TTR ELD AG: RL AL HEAL, 2003 FE, HE 20 - 21 Te [Leo Leb, ed., The Dictionary of Christian Knowledge, (Beijing: Religious’ Culture. Press, 2003), 20-21.] |ASb , RECILLY) pA — ABE HHO A OE HB FE" (Jacob’ s ladder) : “fh 7E 35 #2 JL— MF Sr AEE BRE Lt GRE KEM KK CE BBB EGE (he dreamed that there was a ladder set up on the earth, the top reaching to heaven, and the angels of God were ascending and descending on it) .” (Gen 28:12) “BEF” HS PRAKUMTESAW EM, WM TAT NBR. B—*F HEH RTE URMRL) 6 (Is 6): TEMBER ABIL Ee PERE AOSE AE WEN Ke MOF AE ACH TSS RSE” (saw the Lord sitting on a throne, high and lofty; and the hem of his robe filled the temple. Seraphs were in attendance above him) .” (6:1 - 2)i& DUP RET AB FEE” RS THE” TAH HESS FEI HD SCRAP CHER A SO a HY A HY, JT SRNR (BREBAWER”) 0 ZEA) ULAR LA — PR RTI”, AP PEW) A AOE. AGE LEME LANES Ht FSR ( geenna) AY ii GR ES BR (BS HL Mt 52225 5:29; Mk 9:43; Mt 10: 28; Lk 12:5; Mt 18:9; Mt 23:15.33). BH, ERMA) RA CREA -BY3:6 FE UCHE BI IO. 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Sh, — ROR DE ta TE AS UTED” , HE tn “ak aE BA” (Mt 3212; Lk 32175 Mt 18:85 257415 Jud 7) “ARSE MRF” (Is 66:24; Mk 9:48), “SEAR AN YD He” (Me 8 = 12; 13:42.50 )o (HAW )BA— LW me T “BERR SR" RIL VATE RABY 1 = 21 ALCS BG BD 1: 16 HP AY LH” “AL BR" “Fat” “ALK” (thronoi, kyriotetes, archai, exousiai , WB MY BS BOT CET 20 -2008 4K)SOME ZRALKSLSRA——_ BEE A ENA AS" PABA” FEA” REL ERR | SB) ORL Ty A” AE Ae FETA LE NSE PAG HS ITZ, CHA) BEAEE KF HR” 9 ER TIT HR” BK ‘RE UREA WEDAF. 4K, GHA) AMAA) BAB ABLE SE BEY , TRAY HH F9 Se HB 25 BE (Mt 25) BIT | BOWE WH EBL EFI AY BUI LA IRF HR” BE EE” AE AMIE HK (EL KATE 400 4F(Augustinus fA AT fE) B BA — He $8 Bl “7k EE TA” {82 ((symbola)) , HEM Fides Damasi XCWRO Et 45 BE: “BA RAE A BL PREG AY AA A BE DP AR RE TTB AK 2 AE Hl (habemus spem nos | consecuturos ab ipso aut vitam aeternam praemium boni meriti aut poenam pro peccatis aeterni supplicii) .” 3 — TPC #F HY XC ARIE Quicumque (DS | 16) ® : “AB HEHE THESE AY DORR BEE A AH TELA EE HE TB SE BOE BEA aX (qui bona egerunt, ibunt in vitam acternam, qui vero mala, in ignem aeternum) 2” SASG DLJ (5 U2 DK), SF“ aE A ET” BE Eh BS A APE SCAR ( EE aE Bee A AE SMR) PAR B® HUB (2 RARE is HS AB HEP 3X 9 RW HL ( Origenes) BY 48 42 th T PERU BE HOR” ESA LO PT LT RL OD SUMRSEBHUM), HM RA SBA, 1997 4, [ The Parallel New Testament (Hong Kong: United Bible Societies, 1997) .] @® Denainger und Schoenmetzer, Enchiridion Symbolorum Definitionum et Declarationum (CRAB AVE NICH) (Herder, Barcelona 1962), article 76. ® Ibid. ® Lexikon fuer Theologie und Kirche (LThK) , vol. 5 (Herder, Freiburg 1996), s. v. “Hoelle” (“#0 K")RETOUR BRE HAR, RREBS MW AAAM (apokatastasis pantoon)” BEIGE , BU“ Ua ASRS HH Bei BR, AL RULE LH. RURFVN, ZAMMKE SARS ELD, SUG EE RRGEA RELIC". PMA EK 543 ETE FAST EG ERA DUE T RE RA Ae Vs ERE (RAB) ATT AUR EARTH AB DR 9 FREE EY SER, MURR TT BI A (Ei tis legei e echei, proskairon einai ten toon daimonoon kai aseboon anthropoon kolasin, kai telos kata tina chronon auten hexein, egoun apokatastasin esesthai daimonoon, e aseboon anthropoon, anathema estoo) °”(DS 411)? SRT, A a Es LE RA (ae A GERI ETA, BRT AT FBS LEN. AMAT HARSH AC CREEREO RES, FEREKH, “KR | MUSE A SHAR (she’ ol) , 643% (hinneka! )” (Ps 139:8) 0 EB TB BA EAB yO HK 469 (“Dionysios Areiopagita” , 24 480 - 510 4F) AB 7 LACH TA (HY BYES ELAS Ds A EA YE HH 9 = 41) , BWA SE HE RI RFE) ( De coelesti hierarchia) iB HA HY% BK) (De divinis nominibus ). (He BZ th FB) ( De ecclesiastica hierarchia) HELLS) (De mystica theologia ) DSU HE REE RR A OE IT), 2G 3 {GAL ,2005 4,38 54 FL. [Fu Jen Theological Publications Association, A Foreign Languages Chinese Christian Theological Lexicon of Terms and Persons (Taipei: Guangqi Press,2005) , 54.) © Deminger und Schoenmetzer, Enchiridion Symbolorum Definitionum et Declarationum , Ds 411 EG ACETIC 20 $B -2008 Hk)BNE: BEALS FR HOES” BRN klimax, TTI BEA A BE” AO WBE AASB AR, SO BEAR & FH ZB“ KB A” (loannes Klimakos , 575 - 650 4), th 4 4E Sinai 4 — it RAMS Be WBE IFS TCR RZ #8) ( Klimax tow paradeisou , Scala paradisi) , $F Wi RAE HE 1G AVE Fi 30 ER RB BY” AE 38 51 — 26 9 (EZ (Martianus Minneus Felix Capella , 380 - 439 AE) ANB Hy BR” ALA HOPE HE 48 A Fes HH — Bt aR KH” FUR AIRE ARI” BOAT REE MHS Bee CE A HF FU SCHRAE HAHA) ( De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercuri ) , SiH 48 FAD A. MEHR TK, ULE IC ( Philologia) a A AF WH AN BE AR A (Phronesis) , A 4 EMEA 3 SCZ HH ( Gratiae, BE Aglaia, Thalia, Euphrosyne) il He tth , 2 ts 3) FFE 5 HF GFF 9 FE BK, BO BF (Labor) #12 Nf (Amor) BA BIS AB F , BYE BL AA -L (Epimelia) #1 WBE (Agrypnia) » #65 44 9 Ly (HR tk) FE“ PB BE” TC (Grammatica ) . & ## 2% (Rhetorica), 4} 2 (Dialectica) , HBF (Arithmetica ), JL 4a] 24 ( Geometria), #¥ FR ( Musica), K 3 # (Astronomia) , WARE — #1 & Pa Fh th 28 3c FAY ELT 9 C4 HE) EARS Dy TG Sa EK HGR Si) i 6%. FEE GIF (Est Curtis) 49 Hi — 8 BBE ST FLAY RE ‘Aen. IV 23 = Purg. 30,48; Aen. VI 883 = Purg. 30,21.°(H T7E “REG PRR” HEMI RK , MA + TR (empyreum" Hk RGA K. CAH RB BARAT RK OE © Emst Curtius, Europaeische Literatur und lateinisches Mittelalter (BK 3C7% MHL T "P tt#2)), 362.FE by HH KEK AI BE) (somnium Scipionis) 43S HUTA BE : “BOA LHRAT—W, RAX-OMBRAON RN. H-HEE AR ATT SA St EB Aa RB SE A, TAT He AT A HH BK —-B—-BWM RD MRA., BPM AK MA AS, SRL FV Wea BR AT BL, FE a a Ah A a eID BOA OT TO fe A a 2 8 EW (Alans ab Insulis, 1128 — 1202 4) #952 3239 K GI) ( Ansidaudianus) » AH Het d & TAR RE” BEE BH AAR” WOE Aft R (phronesis) fi) BR AE A HB HE (ratio) , #4 Ly iH BI HE (theologia) Ef , fs 9k 26251 6A F “HEE” , Fl Ze 3 + RP, AB ME Fe BE 9 ASC BR 9 FR Ca RE EG AS UE: HY ALA) AB = F27R BA AY. TURE, 24 SL MT ( Beatrice) FF 48 51 1A T mt, ft AY ) RSE KR 1h DHA RR?. SE A — BEAR Cea HT) Hr EC HF — BG , ARE DS eB 46: (Alanus)X FES : Cum sint distincti fons, rivus, flumen, in unum Conveniunt, eademque trium substantia, simplex Esse, sapor similes, color unus, splendor in illis Unicus, et vultus horum:conformis, et idem Ad speciem fontis sol vincens lumine solem. CRA BH MERA AEM TA — A, See © _Emst Curtius, Buropaeische Literatur und lateinisches Mittlalter (CK YH 3% MALT H#22)) (Bem: A. Francke, 1948), 362. ® Ibid. 362. BEAL UE 20 18-2008 HK)BRNE BERL CSLSAR- FADPE AY ASR, FAL PEAY EE, Fr PEAY OR AE, TPE, FE AY EE, Fal AHCR: REAR NAM, CURRIER eG FAL”) GHG ALAR ADL A FEET (RAE fet) ( Paradiso 30:60) HPI “RA TA EA AYVIE(E vidi lume in forma di riviera) 0” 49K , LAH BE ik AAG BI Pt A HH VERS — , BO A A AE A (Mechtildis de Magdeburga [ Mechthild von Magdeburg] , 1207 — 1282 48), FEAR $2 IT ( Curtius ) 26 $2 Bl) AK 1B HN Bi ( Hildegardis de Alemania, 1098 - 1179 4). #54545 7 AK 8 ( Mechtildis) 3 T — ®3¥ HE, % a Ht BY GK Z IE) (Das fliessende Licht der Gottheit ) , 9 SE Xt FHA ARE” HEIR. “RESP A A AY” (Bonum est diffusivum sui) fé— V7 RW, ABR A MAE. REA AER HIDES ALT A AT BG LE A AG OR EY ‘a HOA TSE a HH PE BR AAR AB KY RARE DM - WY SEMB (1224 - 1275). HEMMER AMER ABT TALE” “ROE SS. CHEKS) BR 3B SUG RIC A MA] FH LP (DL PEALE Ludovico Buglio F 1654 4F AFF AVILEA) Quaestio 97. De poena damnatorum HEALD BRotHA Art. 1. Utrum damnati in infemo sola poena_ignis affligantur BRRPREKAG,—¥ © Gisbert Kranz, Europas critliche Literatur won 500 bis 1500, (CBW ACER CHAE, 3K 500 2] 1500 42))( Munich, Paderborn, Vienna Ferdinand Schoningh, 1968) , 236.‘Art. 2. Utrum vermis quo affliguntur damnati, sit vermis corporalis ENALRARUAS HF Art. 3. Utrum fletus qui rit in damnatis, futurus sit corporalis ERAZLRARUHE AE Art. 4. Utrum damnati futuri sint in tenebris corporalibus EDABAU ALAR OE Art. 5. Utrum ignis inferni, quo cruciabuntur corpora « damnatorum, sit corporeus WRLKABUAG AE Art. 6. Utrum ignis ille sit eiusdem speciei cum igne isto corporeo quem videmus WRLKSEKMRG AK Art. 7. Utrum ignis ille sit sub terra WR KASS OF Quaestio 98. De voluntate et intellectu damnatorum RHEL AES NE RST Art. 1. Utrum omnis voluntas damnatorum sit mala HD ALRRALRS Art. 2. Utrum damnati poeniteant de malis quae fecerunt RASA HHELES HE Art. 3. Utrum damnati recta ratione et deliberativa possint velle se non esse ANA BALEG2¥ Art. 4. Utrum damnati in inferno vellent alios esse BS AGF FB 20 8-208 HK)SUNS: BRALL SKLAR R—_———— daminatos qui non sunt damnati BUA RBABMRLES OE Art. 5. Utrum damnati habeant Deum odio RHA ERLG AE Art. 6. Utrum damnati demerantur RHF HUES, X Art. 7. Utrum damnati possint uti notitia quam in hoc mundo habuerunt RAFAH ALRALORE CE Art. 8. Utrum damnati cogitaturi sint de Deo BAFRABRSRLE AF Art. 9. Utrum damnati gloriam beatorum videant BUNALFAMELRE AE Quaestio 99. De misericordia et iustitia Dei respectu damnatorum RERBHALALS AK, HRST— Art. 1. Utrum ex divina iustitia inferatur peccatoribus poena aetema UAB mMEATRELZLE Art. 2. Utrum per divinam misericordiam omnis poena terminetur tam hominum quam etiam daemonum AS MRZNBRAREERARS Art. 3. Utrum divina misericordia patiatur homines in aeternum puniri RELZERBALKESE ZF ‘Art. 4. Utrum saltem Christianorum poena per divinammisericordiam terminetur BREEHZERARECRARG OE Art. 5. Utrum illi qui opera misericordiae faciunt, puniantur aeternaliter: vel solum illi qui opera misericordiae negligunt AMATRHLA EMRE LAZLEG AE SCPE Tal DARE BL, PALL 2 eR A ARR ESTE” HAP A SL BS TEL Ta HH RA AR BRIE OT FE, FE ST CE KE) I — AK FRI 2 FG ELSA ts AEE BH AY RTE A Hp He (SY AGB APE”) Ay He TL I, , 33 AN RA A A RA AS LHI Ti EAE, DRE A ECM Se ROHR 20 tHE 22 A) rH AF BS, eC al) TH FY RI” ZU BY PADEFT eB? ‘88 SB EYY HIS SR UL ADL P+ BE Be ER AB ( Origenes) fi) E aK: “PH AY ‘Hell’ REALE DH I RAPE HU IR HOWE AFT AE “Hh BETTER, DALAT HRA BB AGE 1D EH), GR AUPE Xt Hell AYA AR— RE PERL A EAE Ti, TG 2 A ATT BY SER AT a LB Aaa int, FE HT LBA eB BEA. REMRMWR AS BE BRS BTR 4-89 EH (Hell is not an exact translation of Ti-yu. Ti-yu is literally D HEM LALA Duyvendak: “(—A > BAY CHA)” RF GAR) , 1952 4F , 255 - 316 BL. [Duyvendak, “A Chinese Divina Commedia”, in T” oung Pao (1952): 255 - 316.1] BBX CF UE 20 $8 -2008 H)ERNE SRALCKSKPAR ‘earth prison’. Sentences to this prison are not for eternity as in our western conception of Hell. In Ti-yu the wicked are punished and when their wrong-doing, or wrong-thinking has been paid for, the prisoners are released to live in society again or to go to Paradise. Even the judges and attendants in Ti-yu hope to pass on to a better life) .”© FECHE RED AY He ESCH HP A BE we — Be SCH HH) ERY AR, HMI AR AIK OE TE CR RD PA EAR”, A SL EE BE”, MLR EL” , (Eh A Se ESE A HR — FS ERIE AVP? EE RIOR AR BES Ho “4 SVC HE GIG AY Hell ETE HF EB GB BH“ WR” RTA Ah oe HY RABAT PEAY , BOB AA TTA BU AMI AT HH AK a PTA AER E WE AS EH He WM, —# 20 HAM EAPR MPRA SW A A [Herbert Haag]) ®t ih 9 , HE¢ 2S) Hb KF HR AE I ACS WAGE, LAR aL SA Te TA RAR 1992 AEA CK © Anne Swann Goodrich, Chinese Hells: The Peking Temple of Eighteen Hells and Chinese Conceptions of Hell ( #4 Ell 38 9K : Sts 3 T /\ ty Rai SH Bl A JB BRL A) (St. Augustin + Monumenta Serica, 1981), 67. @ SRM WARM AERA) ACI: th SAS KAR MAL, 2000 4F, HH 85, Hie (Leo Leeb, Zhangheng, Science and Religion (Beijing: Social Sciences Academie Press, 2000), 85.] @ Herbert Haag( Hf , 1915 ~ 2001 4) J: — 8B 3 HEIL) (1968 4) HAE BE. HH BCT BE RH AFF) ( Teufelsglaube , 1974 2) GABF FHC SMA ER He ME RE ROA METAL) , At: IEA .2005 4. [Relevant discussions about Herbert Haag’ s book Teuféleglaube please see Fu Jen Theological Publications Association, A Foreign Languages-Chinese Christian Theological Lexicon of Terms and Persons .}EMILY 1036 - 1037 He “CE A) ABA M SE HT MR HS Hy weske A HOE AE, AA A HG 9 A El I Hs ts Lo DHE 33 FB RH HAAR A BO BE EE 5 aT BR A 8 TESS so (CGS) 13)0 RERWA RE ET AAR. AA “FBRE WE BER AE 45 YB CAE CEE EA IE Mo RAL, HIF EAE, RB AA BLD ERE? (1B BRIT AB)3 29) 0” OAR RAYE, EMAC YA SEIT {BEF SEAR BR TE Se BR AT HR” (AR 31) RA) WE AEE SDE AE A “SUR” HOPE LAIST EB HS BEE EY BE Beta ELT yO HE FE” = GE HHL) SASESL FAL 250 3K Ea ae a HR SS Hh i Pe BE HY A % 250 RAMU 80 THK AEA) AY. FETE AAT ZE 1300 4 026 JF (HBR SERE Fl) AE — 7 BRE Bi ASA I, — IE ARS BE OK I), 3 ARBEIT ) AFAR ARBEIT ESRI UR IESE A BB {AT AUATTUEA “SAR” (inferno) , 563)“ HHT” (BE limbo) , 2 BB #4 AB PEAR ARAN A, AAT te PEE CE o ‘ta APTI BAT HGR (Acheron) YH) fej 28H St MOAR HY 9 Dak HEP HY ASE TE— A APE EF Lo A 1 FR BREA WE UTE AE GE TER HEA RM ELIANA O SAGE RAHI) ML HE M4 38 221 H, [The Dictionary of Christian Knowledge, ed. Leo Leb, 221. BS AOU FT CH 20 48-2008 HK)SMHS: ERALKSLARAR——_—_—— SEAT. RAT SE — MG ZS A 8 ir SR (AL BE 8 485 Th) EAC A AA PE 3 2 Jak ABLE BAN Yh A Be A TS A, RE OR BOK A (Semiramis), K & (Dido). 9 H€ BK Wi KF BL (Cleopatra) . ¥E 42 iB (Helena) , if #2 $97 ( Paris ) Bel 36 Sii39F (Achilleus) 43181 3H (Tristan) 2k RARBAKALARE (Paolo) AM = WHE (Francesca) 5 BB 3 Je TBM Gn (FEE) ALAN il FLA BNA Si 4 J BE RES AIH ILE A SS Fak HS 6 BA th A A A AE EH A (FH 6 ABI 9 AEF RW IR” , a BE BS IMT HB SET ( Styx) HA fEXEA) ;— 26 HY RESP DIENT. Bs 6 Fak: AB AE BA J a Fe A A ae a TT AW SEA, (4248 Farinata #1 Muhammad) ; 387 ARE ARG ET BAM ACO TRA, HW KRIEGER WISER Ee i), eM A TRAC RR HE) VA ARM Oy BEE HH UY RE BAAS HE NA CTR EASA) 5 3 8 fez: AS AK Sh KISS BEAR I OH in SB A A (AHR 2B FH iD 9 SAR RP) 9 ek RIN YY RECS FEHB AB) A BABE IRS A SEACH A: HEF (Cain) 4 ¥% HGH (Ugolino) . tH 32 ABBE AY DEAT (Judas Iscariot) , i SESH 49 76 & EA JM (Brutus) Al-K 15 ( Cassius) 5 5 EAB S , KE ( Paradiso) AMPK A ( Purgatorio) (9 44 iy tH Az HE HEA AY TERR BR SE ECE , ABAD 9 (BK 10 P) AIK.TES BM : GF ZA(Leo Lech), RAHA, PHARAFLER 4&4%, Email : leopleed @ hotmail .com Introduction to the author: Leo Leeb, Austrian, Professor at the School of Liberal Arts, Renmin University of China. BU SICF TICE 20 $8 - 2008 BH)