Leandro Gomes

&
Josiane Karla

This book it´s a course for teenage and adults students,

particularly suitable for mixed ability classes.

The book is full of thinks that interest students. Emphasis

on listening, speaking and vocabulary development
ensures better communication.

This work is written in American English but reflects the

fact that English is the major language of International
Communication, and is not limited to any one country,
region or culture.

WWW.WORLDOPPORTUNITY.COM.BR

All rights reserved to World Opportunity course.

copyright
C all rights reserved

Artwork and layout - IMPRESSIONE DESIGN

 LOVE
LIKE
HATE
DISLIKE
DISGUSTIN
PREFER

Country - Samba - Rock 'n' Roll - Rap

Funk - Classical Pop - Blues - Electronic
Opera - Tango - Religious - Love - Reggae
Jazz - Heavy Metal - Indie

01
 Compare
BRUNO: Hi Luca. Me and David won three tickets to
Metallica Tribute on Saturday, 9 pm. Would you like to go We use the continuous for We use the simple for
things happening at the time things in general or things
with us? Do you like heavy metal? of speaking: that happen repeatedly:
LUCA: Oh no… thanks! I hate heavy metal. Just pop
rock. But I think we can go on a pub that has a jazz music The water is boiling. Water boils at 100 degrees
tonight. What do you think ? Celsius.
We use the continuous for
DAVID: Yes, I love jazz music. Where is the pub?
temporary situations: We use the simple of
LUCA: 14, Madison Avenue. permanent situations:
BRUNO: Right. I guess this pub has a music show all I´m living with some friends
weekends. My cousin went there with his date and they listen until I find a place of my My parents live in London.
reggae and indie music. Also Olivia watch a blues show. own. They have lived there all
their lives.
DAVID: Oh reggae, it´s disgustin! I prefer rap!
LUCA: My parents usually go at Princess of Walles
theater watch opera and tango show. Next holiday they´ll see
Always do x Always doing
The Phanton of the Opera.
DAVID: Yeh… and we need to know a place that has always do = do it every time:
amazing electronic music. Do you know Luca? I always go to work by car.
LUCA: Not yet, but we can find together! Wow, see
always doing = should do something more active:
you at 7 p.m. in Madisson Pub? You´re always watching television.
BRUNO: Of course! We´ll be there! Bye!
02 03
 Take Note
The following verbs are not normally used in the present
continuous
Like love hate want need prefer
Know realize suppose mean understand believe remember
Belong fit contain consist seem
See hear smell taste
Think
Think = believe, have na opinion, we don´t use the
continuous:
I think Mary is Canadian, but I´m not sure.
Think= consider, the continuous is possible:
I´m thinking about what happened. I often think about it.
He is selfish and He is being selfish
I can´t understand why he´s being so selfish. He isn´t usually
like that.
(being selfish= behaving selfishly at the moment)
He never thinks about other people. He is very selfish.
(he is selfish generally)
04
Activites
1) Put the correct form of verb in the phrases bellow:
a) Water _______ at 100 degrees Celsius. (boils/boiling)
b) The water _______. Can you turn it of? (boils/boiling)
c) Look! That boy _____ to open the door of your car. (tries/trying)
d) Can you hear those people? What ______ they __________ about?
(do/doing/talk/talking)
e) I usually ____ to work by car. (go/going)
f) I must go now. It’s ________late. (gets/getting)
g) Olivia is very good in languages. She _____four languages very well.
(speaks/speaking)
h) How´s your English? Not bad. I think it ____________ slowly.
(improve/improving)
2) Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct then when
necessary.
a) David is thinking of giving up your job. _____________
b) Are you believing in God? ____________________
c) I´m feeling hungry. Is there anything to eat?_____________
d) This sauce is great. It´s tasting really good.___________
e) I´m thinking this is your key. Am I right? __________________
3) Complete the sentences with am/is/are being or just am/is/are.
a) Neli _____________very nice to me at the moment. Wonder why.
b) You´ll like Bruno when you meet his. He ________________ very
nice.
c) You´re usually very patient, so why ___________________so
unreasonable about waiting ten more minutes?
05
 DAVID: Hi Luca! Would you like to play volleyball with me I had a sandwich and an apple for lunch.
tomorrow?
The sandwich wasn´t very good, but the
LUCA: Yes, sure! Where do we can play? At school gym?
apple was nice.
DAVID: Could be. My parents gave me a brand new ball.
Oh, we can go at school by bicycle. Do you have one?
LUCA: No, I don´t have yet. But I´have a skateboard.
We can go together. When we said a sandwich, an apple we use “a, an” because
DAVID: I think Olivia has a roller skate. Can I call her to go this is the first time we talk about them.
Now, we say the sandwich, the apple because we know
with us?
which sandwich and which apple we are talking about.
LUCA: Of course. And Bruno? He doesn´t have bicycle or
skate? Compare
DAVID: No, he doesn´t have. He likes to play videogame,
computer games and mobile.
A man and a woman were sitting opposite me. The man was
LUCA: Oh! I understand! He´s a technology boy! Italian, but I think the woman was German.
When we were on holiday, we stayed at a hotel. Sometimes
we ate at the hotel and sometimes we went to a restaurant.

Do you have...? We use the when it´s clear in the situation which thing or
person we mean.
Yes, I do. Can you turn off the light, please ? (the light in this room)
I took taxi to the station. (The station in that town)
No, I don´t have I have to go to the bank and then I´m going to the
supermarket. (thinking of a specific bank or supermarket)
I don´t like going to the doctor. (usual doctor)
06 07
 We use the with sky, sea, ground, country, environment f) Do you often listen ____ radio?
We looked up at all the stars in the sky. g) Excuse me, where is _____ room 6, please? It´s on
Would you like to live in the country?
______ second floor.
We use the before same: h) I haven´t been _____ theater for ages.
Your shirt is the same colour as mine.
i) What´s _________ capital of Canada?
We can use the with go to: j) Have you had ______ lunch today?
I go to the cinema next weekend. k) _____ sun is ___ star.
l) Luca lives in ____small neighborhood in Canada.
We don´t use the with meals:
What did you have for dinner?

We don´t use the before noun + number: We don´t use the when we are talking about general things
Our train leaves from Plataform 4. or people:

Practice I´m afraid of dogs.

Do you collect postal cards?

2. Complete the sentences with The, an, a if necessary.
My favorite sport is basketball
a) Where did you have ___ breakfast? We went to .
____ restaurant.
Children learn from playing.
b) Did you have _____ nice weekend? Yes, it was
____ best weekend I´ve ever had.
I couldn´t live without music.
c) Where is ____ nearest gas station? There is one at
_____ end of this avenue.
08 09
 When we talk about a specific group we use the:
We play with the children in the square.
I´m afraid of the dogs beside my house.
The movie was bored, but I liked the music.
We use the with singular countable noun to talk about a type
of animal, machine, musical instruments, etc:
The giraffe is the tallest of all animals.
When was the radio invented?
Can you play the piano?
But you can´t use the when talk about man (human race)
What do you think about the origins of man?
We use the + adjective (without a noun) to talk about groups
of people, like:
The young The rich The poor The sick The blind
The injured
The old The sick
The disabled The deaf The dead The elderly
The homeless
The unemployed
10
The young should enjoy the life without drugs.
Some cities has big matters with the homeless. The
government need to find a solution to help them.
We use the + nationality adjectives that ends
ch or sh, and ese
The English drink tea every afternoon.
The Chinese invented printing.
Another nationalities, use S in the end and don´t use the:
Italians usually eat pasta with tomato sauce.
Practice
3. Complete the sentences with the words in the box. Use
the if necessary:
Volleyball People Grass Lies Meat Spider Water
a)My favorite sport is _________.
b)A vegetarian person doesn´t eat _________.
c)Vânia never tells the truth. He always tells __________.
11
 5. How do you call the people of these countries?
d) ________ in the pool look very clean.
e) I´m afraid of ___________. Canada Portugal Brazil Bolivia German Russia
f) Don´t sit on __________. It´s wet! Italy China France Japan
g) Do you know ________ lives beside you?
4. Match the correct form: One person People in general
a) I´m afraid of dogs/ of the dogs. Ex.: Canadian Canadians
b) Can you pass the sugar/ sugar, please? Ex.: French The French
c) The swan/swan has a long neck/the long neck.
d) Look at bananas/ the bananas on that table.
We cannot use the with names of people and places
e) I don´t like tea/ the tea. Names, continents, countries, states,
f) Who are people/the people in this picture? islands, cities, mountains, etc.
g) Someone give me a magazine/the magazine of
But we can use the in names with Republic, Kingdom, States.
modern art/the modern art. Have you ever been to Canada or the United States?
h) Most people/ the most people believe that
marriage/the marriage and family life/the family life are We don´t use the with Mr, Mrs, Captain, Doctor, etc + name:
We called the doctor.
the basis of society /the society. We called Doctor Louis.
i) The kangaroo/kangaroo is found in Australia.
j) What´s the currency of Canada? The dollar/ dollar. We use the with the names of oceans, seas, rivers, canals
k) When was a telephone/ the telephone invented? also deserts:
The Atlantic, The Red Sea, The Sahara Desert.
l) Mariana comes from a big city / the big city.
m) Can you play a guitar /the guitar ? Use the with plural names of people or places:
n) Do you have a piano/ the piano? The Johnsons (Johnson family), The Philippines, The
Bahamas, The Andes.
12 13

Practice
1. Some of this sentence are correct, but some need the.
Read and correct the sentences necessary.
a)Who is Doctor John?
b) Everest was first climbed in 1953.
c)The most powerful person in The United States is
President.
d)Africa´s highest mountain is Kilimanjaro.
e)Do you know Professor Mark number?
f)Milan is north of Italy.
g)Last year I visited Guatemala and United States.
14
Read the conversation
DAVID – Hey Dad! Me and Bruno have an Olivia´s party on
Saturday night. Shall we go?
IVANY – Oh son! Where is the party? What time is it?
DAVID - At Peel Pub, 276 King Street w Toronto. The party
begins at 7 p.m.
IVANY – Well, I think it's a nice place. Could I take you by
car?
BRUNO – Don´t need Dad! I thing we can go by trolley.
RITA – No guys! You should go with your dad. Its safer!
DAVID – Ok… Can we wait you after work and meet at
shopping mall to buy a gift to her?
IVANY – Good Ideia! I should arrive at 4 p.m., right?
BRUNO – Awesome! Thanks dad!
Can Could Can´t Couldn´t
Shall Should Shall not Shouldn´t
15
 We use can to say that something is possible or allowed, or
that somebody has the ability to do something.
We use can + infinitive :
We can see the swimming pool for our bedroom window.
Can you speak Italian?
I´m afraid I can´t come to the concert at Friday.
Could = past tense of can . We normally use with
see hear smell taste feel remember understand
At morning when I walked to garden I could smell the perfum
of flowers.
We also used could to say that somebody had the general
ability or permission to do something:
My grandmother can do/make some handicrafts.
My father couldn`t swim
16
We also use could to talk about possible actions now or in
the future:
What shall we do this weekend?
We could go to the cinema.
Can is a possible sentence – with Could, the suggestion is
less sure.
We also use could for actions which are not realistic:
I´m so tired, I could sleep for a week.
We use couldn´t to say that something would not be
possible now:
I couldn´t live in a big city. I´d hate it.
We use should to give advice or opinion.
You look tired. You should go to bed.
We normally use should with I think, I don´t think, Do
you think…
I think you should work less.
We also use should to say that we expect something to
happen:
He´s been studying from the exam, so he should pass.
17
 Practice
2) Answer de questions using your preferences:
1) Complete the sentences with can/can´t/could/couldn´t +
the following:
a) Where shall I go on vacations?
Come hear eat run call sleep wait speak find take b) What shall I have to dinner tonight?
c) When shall I call to my brother?
a) I´m afraid I _________ to your party next Saturday. d) What shall I give my dad for his
b) Are you in a hurry? No, I´ve got plenty of time. birthday?
___________.
c) I was feeling sick today. I ______________
anything.
d) I looked everywhere for the glasses, but I
3) Read the sentences and answer using should or shouldn´t:
___________________ it.
e) When Tom was 15, he _____________ 200 meters
in 15 seconds. a) I´m feeling sick. I____________ eat so much.
f) My father travelled a lot. He ___________ five
b) Your salary is very low. You ____________ look for another
languages.
g) Can you speak little louder? I ____________ you job.
very well. c) I´m sorry that I didn´t take you advice. I ___________ do
h) You look very tired. Yes, I ____________ last night. what you said.
i) I had forgotten to bring my camera, so I
d) Rita drives everywhere. She never walks. She __________
_____________ any pictures.
use her car so much.

18 19
 We use can or could to describe something is Practice

generally possible. When we are talking about a

1. Use can, could or (be) able to when it's possible:
specific situation we use a) Anthony has travelled a lot. He ___________
speak some languages.
able to or manage to:
b) Nicolas ____________ drive, but he hasn´t got a
car.
c) I can´t see you on Monday, but I
1. The fire spread through the house very quickly, but
___________meet you on Tuesday morning.
fortunately everybody was able to escape. d) I haven´t ____________________ sleep very
well this last days.
2. David and Bruno played chess yesterday. Bruno
e) I can´t understand Luca. I´ve never
played very well, but David managed to beat him. ________________ understand him.
f) I used to ______________stand on my head,
The negative form used is always couldn´t, for all
but I can´t do it now.
situations.

20 21
 IN ON
Places: When talking about Places: To places, on is used
places, use in with the larger surfaces like streets or objects
Head ones, such as cities, shops, on top of others.
Forehead countries, districts and parts of The papers are on the coffee
the house, as in the following table.
Eye examples: I left the keys on the counter.
Nose I live in Las Vegas.
Time: on when referring to
Ear Time: When speaking time in time, is for specific days and
use to refer to the larger and dates:
Tooth no specific periods as a part of I was born on September
Mouth the day, a month, a season or 24th.
a year. I go to the gym on Mondays
Neck See examples: and Wednesdays.
Shoulder I always brush my teeth in
the morning.
Elbow My birthday is in June. FOR
It's always cold in winter. Purpose: This machine is for
Arm people to exercise and lose
Finger AT weight.
Places: we use at to refer specific
Chest loca ons. Time: I have been studying
English for 7 years.
Stomach We are mee ng at the cafe.
The football game is at the Benefit: Bring a glass of wine
Hand stadium. for me, please.
Leg You need to stay at airport now. It is also used before personal
pronoun followed or not
Knee infinitive:
Ankle Time: At is used for schedules, Working is not for children.
specific mes, like this: This medicine is for her to
Foot I will see you at 8 pm. take once a day.
My interview is at 3 pm.
We´ll meet at New Year.
22 23
 TO
Indicate movement or position: On time In time
Come to my house this weekend. 1.Ponctual, not late. Soon enough
Don´t go to the deep side of the river.
2.The midday bus left on time. 1.Will you be home in time
For addresses, offering, congratulations and dedications: for dinner?
Good luck to you all! I´ll meet you at 9:20 on time.
Happy birthday to you! 2.I've sent Carol a
3.Be on time. Don´t be late.
Christmas card. I hope it
As synonymous with until (= until). Opposite = late
I have classes at school from Monday to Thursday. arrives in time.
Opposite = too late
Activities
1. Complete the sentences using FOR, TO, AT, ON or IN:
a) Columbus made your first voyage from Europe ____ America
At the end x In the end
______ 1492. In the end
At the end
b) You can see the stars ____night.
c) Marcio works from Monday ____ Friday. Sometimes he also works at the time when something Finally = final result
____ Saturday. 1.We had a lot of
d) I´ve searched the house _____my book, but I can´t find it. ends.
e) Can I speak ___ Marcio? – Excuse me, he is not here ____ the problems with our home.
1.I´m going away at the end
moment. We sold it in the end.
f) Mozart was born ___ Salzburg _____ 1756. of July.
g) We travelled overnight to London and arrived ____6 o´clock
2.Bruno couldn´t decide
_______ the morning. 2.At the end of concert, there where to go for his
h) The course begins ____ 1st February and ends _____ July.
was great applause. vacation. He didn´t go
i) Can you explain ____ me what this word mean?
j) I´m not going yet. I´m waiting _____ the rain to stop. anywhere in the end.
k) Police are searching ________ the woman who stole the bag _____
Opposite = at first.
airport.
24 25
 Practice

1. Complete the sentences with at time or in time; in the

Window Window Bed
end or at the end:
a) The train was late this morning, but is usually Courtains Plant Pillow
___________.
b) I was offered the job ___________ of the Picture Wall clock Blanket
interview.
Coach Map Lamp
c) The film was supposed to start at 8:30, but it
didn´t begin __________. Arm chair Calendar Bedside table
d) I like to get up _____________ to have a big
breakfast before going to work. Lamp Monitor Alarm clock
e) Judy got more and more fed up with her job.
End table Computer Shelf
____________ she resigned it.
f) The students had a party ___________ of the Floor lamp Desk Dresser
course.
g) Why are you never ________? You always keep Rug Drawers Picture
everybody waiting.
h) The players shook hands _________ of the Book case Chair
game. Table

26 27
 Courtains Toaster
Mirror Microwave
Towel Cabinets
Towel rack Dishwasher
Toilet Sink
Toilet paper Freezer
Sink Stovetop
Bathmat (burners)
Bathtub Oven
Faucet Refrigerator

28 29
 Parts of house
CONDIMENTS

KETCHUP MUSTARD MAYONNAISE BARBECUE SAUCE

9

HOT SAUCE WASABI VINEGAR SOY SAUCE

PEPPER
10
HONEY JAM SUGAR SALT

30 31
32 33
 1. Is there a board in the classroom? Yes, ____________.
Countable Uncountable
2. Are there any chairs? Yes, _______________. I eat an Apple. I eat rice every day.
I like apples. I like rice.
3. _________ a gold fish? Yes, there is. A countable can be SINGULAR OR An uncountable noun has only one
PLURAL. form (rice).
4. _________________ some desks? ___________.
We can use numbers with countable We cannot use numbers with
5. __________ a poster above TV? _________________. nouns: uncountable.
One apple, two apples. We can´t use a/an with uncountable.
6. ___________a boy near the board? We can use a/an with singular But you can often use a… of:
countable: a bowl of rice.
__________________. a beach, a student, an umbrella. You can use uncountable nouns
You can´t use countable nouns alone. alone:
7. ______________ a girl wearing a bag? (Use with a, an, my, the, etc) Can you hear music?
I want an apple There´s blood on your hand.
_______________. (NOT I want apple)
8. There is a bag on the floor? __________________. You can use plural countable alone: You can use some and any:
I like apples We listened to some music.
9. ___________ three girls in the room? __________. We can use some or any with plural: Did you buy any orange juice?
We sang some songs.
10. There _____ a video below the TV? ___________. Did you buy any oranges? We use much or little :
We use many or few with plural: We didn´t do much shopping.
11. _____________ a teacher beside the teacher´s table? We didn´t take many pictures. I have a little work to do.
I have a few things to do.
________________________.
12. ___________ a girl holding a little box? _________.

34 35
 2. Complete the sentences using the word bellow:
Some nouns can be used as a countable or uncountable,
usually with a different mean: biscuit - coat - decision - key - sugar - interview - moment - question
Countable: Did you hear a noise just now? (a specific noise)
I bought a paper to read. (newspaper) a) I couldn´t get into my house because I didn´t have
Uncountable: I can´t sleep here. There´s too much noise. ___________.
I need some paper to write on. b) Do you take _________ in your coffe?
c) Are you hungry? Would you like __________ with your
coffe?
This following nouns are usually uncountable d) It´s very warm today. Why are you wearing ___________?
accommodation behavior damage luck permission traffic e) I had ____________ for a job yesterday.
advice bread furniture luggage progress weather f) Excuse me, but can I ask you ___________?
g) I´m late for the date. Can you wait ___________ please?
baggage chaos information news scenery work

3. Complete the sentences with the following words. Some mes

Activities you can use singular or plural.

Day - Le er - Queue - Language - Pa ence - Umbrella

1. Some of this sentences need a/an. Correct the necessary sentences.
a) Sophie was listening to music when I arrived. a) There are seven ________ in a week.
b) I clean my teeth with toothpaste. b) I´m not very good at wri ng ____________.
c) Can you tell me if there´s post office near here? c) George always wants things quickly. He hasn´t got
d) I wonder if you can help me. I have problem. much ______________.
e) I like soccer. It´s a good game. d) I think it´s going to rain. Do you have __________ I
f) Liz is wearing beautiful necklace. could borrow?
g) Can you smell paint? e) Do you speak any foreign _________?
h) I don´t like violence. f) Outside the cinema the was ____________ of people
I We went to nice mall yesterday. wai ng to see the film.
36 37
 4. Circle the correct form of countable or uncountable nouns:
a) Did you hear noise/a noise just now?
b) If you want the news, you can read paper/ a paper.
c) Olivia was very helpful. She gave us some
advice/advices.
d) Your hair/hairs are too long.
e) The damage/damages caused by the storm will cost SALESPERSON: Hi, can I help you?
a lot to repair. SALEH: Oh sure! I´d like a blue T - shirt.
SALESPERSON: Do you want a small or medium one?
5. Complete the sentences with the words in the box. You can SALEH: Well, I guess a small one… And can you bring me
sneakers too.
use the plural if necessary:
SALESPERSON: What´s your shoes number?
a) I didn´t have much ____________ - just three small SALEH: 9 or 9,5 please.
bags. SALESPERSON: Try these black and grey sneakers. I`ll take
b) David is unemployed. He can´t get a _________. the others things.
c) Bruno is unemployed. He can´t get _____________. SALEH: Ow! It was awesome! How much the sneakers cost?
d) What does Luca look like? He´s got a long beard and SALESPERSON: These cost $75 dollars and those green are
very short _________. $100 dollars.
e) Neli´s English is be er than it was. She´s made SALEH: And the blue T – shirt?
_________. SALESPERSON: $15 dollars.
SALEH: Great…ok, I wanna the black and grey shoes, the
blue T – shirt, and a green, red, orange and yellow one too. It´s
more cheap.
Progress - job - work - hair - luggage
SALESPERSON: Anything else?
SALEH: No… Thanks! It´s a nice buy.

38 39
 KEY - WORDS MEASURAMENT CHART
Cheap
Expensive SX
Poor S
Rich
M
Cash
L
Credit card
XL
Bill
XXL
Tax
Tip XXXL HAMBURGUER
HOT DOG
Coins
Cents
FRIES
Dollars (bucks)
CHEESEBURGUER CHICKEN
40 41
 Antonyms
Words that mean the opposite,or
nearly the opposite, of each other.
above below first last push pull
DONUTS $ 3,19 MUFFIN $ 2,19 question answer
add subtract get give
all none he she raise lower
ATTENDANT: May I help you? alone together high low right wrong
always never inside outside sad happy
LETYCIA: I wanna a large cheeseburger with small fries. safe
back front jolly serious dangerous
ATTENDANT: Extra bacon or cheese? before after know guess same different
LETYCIA: Two slices of bacon and cheddar. Do you have onions? begin end last first sit stand
ATTENDANT: Sure! Would you like it in your sandwich? big little leave stay sweet sour
cold hot left right there here
LETYCIA: Yes, please. throw catch
cool warm loud quiet
ATTENDANT: Something to drink? dark light most least tie untie
LETYCIA: A banana milk shake. difficult easy near far true false
dry wet north south up down
ATTENDANT: Extra avor?
early late on off vertical horizontal
LETYCIA: No, thanks! open close wet dry
east west
ATTENDANT: If you pay one more dollar you can choose a empty full over under wide narrow
dessert, would you like it? enter exit part whole win lose
even odd play work young old
LETYCIA: Great! A chocolate muffin, please. zip unzip
fact fiction private public
ATTENDANT: Anything else?
LETYCIA: Yes… mayo and mustard, please. How much it costs?
ATTENDANT: Ok, you order costs $24,50. An antonym may be the opposite for
Remember only one meaning of a word.
LETYCIA: Thanks! Bye!
42 43
 List the first column with the second Synonym Word List
Fat Big
Sad Guilt
Smart Happy
Well, healthy Ill, sick
Long Proud Above/over Garbage/trash Raise/li
Hard Short Auto/car Woman/lady Stone/rock
Soft Large/ big Infant/baby Street/road
Little Small/ ny Shut/close Near/close
Innocent Stupid Stop/cease Own/possess Reply/answer
Pretty Thin Exit/leave False/untrue Happy/glad
Humble Ugly Rest/relax Ill/sick Under/bellow
Shout/yell Hard/difficult Fast/quick
Strange/odd Rug/carpet Evil/bad
Speak/talk Shop/store Sniff/smell
Sack/bag Bucket/pail Couch/sofa
Beautiful X Pretty X Handsome X Gorgeous Funny/silly See/look Pull/tug
Clever/smart Alike/same Angry/mad
· Beautiful is normally used to describe someone, Present/gi Hat/cap Jog/run
Listen/hear Shack/hut Father/dad
usually a woman or child. It can be used for objects Mother/mom Leap/jump Tired/sleepy
too. Bunny/rabbit Chef/cook Create/box
House/home Crash/accident Taxi/cab
· Pretty is also used for woman, girls and objects.
· Handsome is always used to describe man.
· Gorgeous is normally used to describe woman, when
you can say more than beautiful, more than pretty.
44 45
 Which country is larger, Canada or China? Canada is larger
than China.
Which country is the largest: Russia, Canada or China?
Russia is the largest of the three.
What is the most beautiful mountain in the world? I think
Fujiyama is the most beautiful mountain.

Practice
Complete the questions using the comparatives or
superlatives forms:
a) Which country is __________, Monaco or Vatican
Note: some adjectives have irregular comparatives and superlatives: City? (small)
bad worse worst b) Which waterfall is ___________, Niagara Falls or
far (distance) farther farthest Angel Falls? (high).
far (extent) further furthest c) Which city is ____________, Hong Kong or Cairo?
good better best (crowded)
ill worse worst d) Which lake is __________, The Caspian Sea or Lake
late later lates or last Superior? (large)
less lesser least e) Which country is ____________________, Spain,
little (amount) less least France or Italy ? (popular)
many more most f) What is ___________________ ocean, The Atlantic
much more most or The Pacific? (deep)
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 Exercises
GABRIEL: What’s up, what are doing tonight? Would you like to go out?
JULIA: Oh, sorry… I can´t! I´m going to work late tonight. I have to finish 1) Complete the invitations with present continuous and going to.
this research. ARIANY: What are you ________ (DO) tonight? Would you like to go
GABRIEL: How about tomorrow night? Are you doing anything? out?
JULIA: No I´m not. What are you planning to do? CLEITON: Well, my mother is ______________ (VISIT) my sister at
GABRIEL: We´re going to play bowling. Would you like to go with us? college. My father and I ____________(BE) home.
JULIA: Sure. I´d love to. ARIANY: Are you ______________ something at Saturday Night? Do
GABRIEL: Let´s meet on Toronto Eaton Centre at 5 o´clock. I´ll be there you want see a movie?
with Luca and Olivia, right? CLEITON: Sorry, I can´t. I ________________ (TRAVEL) with my
JULIA: Great! See you soon! parents.
ARIANY: We _______________(HAVE) friends over for a party on
Future with Sunday.
present continuous and Would you like to come?
be going to CLEITON: Yes, Sure! I´ll be there! Thanks

2) Invite your friends to do something with you. Choose

Present continuous the activity, when and where are you planning to do.
What are you doing tonight?
Ac vi es When? Where?
I´m going to a movie. Play baseball Saturday School gym

Going to + verb
What is she going to do tonight?
She´s going to work late.
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 Myself
Yourself
Himself
Herself
Itself
Ourselves
Yourselves
Themselves
I don´t want you pay for me. I´ll pay for myself.
Natielly had a great weekend. She really enjoyed herself.
Do you talk to yourself sometimes
We don´t use the reflexive after
feel/relax/concentrate/meet:
You must try and concentrate. (not concentrate yourself)
We normally use wash/shave/dress without the reflexives:
She got up, washed, saved and dressed (not washed herself)
Compare: -selves x each other
Jose Marcos and Iara stood in front of the mirror and looked at
themselves = Jose Marcos and Iara looked at Jose Marcos
and Iara.
Jose Marcos looked at Iara, Iara looked at Jose Marcos. They
looked at each other.
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Practice
1. Complete the sentences using the reflexives + the following verbs.
a) Sometimes I can´t say exactly what I mean. I wish I could
____________________ better.
b) The boy had a great time at the beach. He really
_________________.
c) Gabriel __________________ to the other guests at the concert.
d) Please try and understand how I feel. _________________ in my
position.
e) Renata fell down some steps, but fortunately she didn´t
_________________.
f) It isn´t Jack´s fault. She really shouldn´t ________________.
g) Be careful! The pan is very hot. Don´t ______________________.
Blame - burn - enjoy - express - hurt - introduce - put
2. Put the reflexives (myself, yourself…) or object pronouns (me, you,
us…)
a) Ariany had a great vacation. She enjoyed ____________.
b) I didn´t want anybody to see the letters, so I burned _________.
c) It´s not my fault. You can´t blame ___________.
d) What I did was so bad. I´m ashamed of ___________.
e) Don´t worry about us. We can look after __________.
f) Can I take another coffee? Of course. Help _______!
g) You must meet Priscila. I´ll introduce ____________ to her.
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4. Complete these sentences with the reflexives if necessary. Use the
verbs in the box. We often use verbs with this words.
In You can say: look out, get on, take off…
On These are phrasal verbs
a)I tried to study, but I couldn´t ____________. (concentrate)
b) Saleh decide to grow up a beard because he was fed up with
Out
Up We often use on/off/out with verbs of
________________. (shave) movement:
c)If somebody attacks you, you need to be able to Away
______________. (defend) Round Get on: The train was full. We couldn´t get on.
d) I wasn´t very well last night, but I ________________much About Drive off: A man got into the car and drove off.
better today. (feel) Over Come back: Isa is leaving tomorrow and
e) I climbed out of the swimming pool and ____________with a By coming back on Sunday.
Turn Round: When I touched him on the
towel. (wash) Off shoulder, he turned round.
Down
5. Answer the questions using the reflexive. Look the example: Back
a) Who repaired the car for you? Nobody. I repaired it myself. Through Normally, the second word gives a special
b) Who cuts Marcio´s hair for him? Nobody. Along meaning to the verb:
Forward Look Out: Look Out! There ´s a car coming! =
He________________. be careful
c) Do you want me to post that letter for you? No, I´ll Take off: It was my first flight. I was nervous as
________________. the plane took off. = went into the air. :
d) Who told you that Nath was going away? Nath Sometimes, a phrasal verb is followed by a preposition:
_____________. Why did you run away from me?
e) Can you phone Jonhy for me? Why can´t you You´re walking too fast. I can´t keep up with you.
______________.
Sometimes, a phrasal verb has an object:

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 We use -´s mostly of people or animals: Exercise:
Marcio´s computer isn´t working.
How old are Ivany´s children? 1. Correct these sentences if necessary, using -´s or -´:
What´s Jonhy´s sisters name? a) Do we still have the newspaper of last week?
Note that you can use -´s without a following noun: b) Who is the owner of this pub?
This isn´t my mobile. It´s my sister´s. (=my sister´s mobile)
c) Have you seen the car of the parents of David?
We don´t use -´s for people. We use of... in this sentence:
What´s the name of the woman who phoned you? d) Where are the children of Henrique?
With a singular noun we use -´s: e) Is this the bag of your mother?
my sister´s room f) Write your name at the top of the page?
Mr. Carter´s house
With a plural noun we put the apostrophe at the end of the word: g) Do you agree with the economic policy of the government?
My sisters` room h) I couldn´t go to the party of Olivia.
The Carters´ house
If the plural doesn´t end in –s, we use -´s :
2. Read each sentence and write a new sentence beginning with the
The men´s changing office.
underlined words. Look the example:
You can use -´s after more than one noun:
Isa and Nath´s room. a) The meeting on wednesday has been cancelled = Wednesday´s
meeting has been cancelled.
For things, ideas, etc., we normally use of the…
The name of the book. The door of the house. b) The rain last weekend caused a lot of damage.
Sometimes the structure noun + noun is possible: c) The only mall in the town has closed down.
The garage door. The restaurant owner.
When we say the beginning of/end/middle/top/bottom we use of … d) The weather in Brazil is very changeable.
The beginning of the month. The top of the hill.
You can usually use -´s ou of… for an organization (= a group of 3. What’s another way of saying these things?
people):
The government´s decision or the decision of the government. a) A hat of a woman - a woman’s hat
You can also use -´s with time expressions or places: b) A name of a girl -
The city´s streets. The world´s population.
Yesterday´s newspaper Next week´s meeting. c) Clothes for teenager -
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Some and your compounds are used in affirmative questions Do you have any talent for sing ?
or interrogative questions when you thing the answer will be She didn't have any chance.
positive. If you have any doubt, ask me.
Look: I don't have any money today.
She was hot and I gave her some water.
Would you like some tea?
Any
Anywhere
Some
Anyone
Somewhere
Someone Anybody
Somebody Anything
Something Anyway
Somehow
No/ None
Any are normally used in interrogative and negative sentences.
In affirmative sentences, any is used after the word if; mean Nowhere
another; or with this negative words seldom, never, rarely, Nothing
without, etc. Nobody / No
one
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 Music 1
Practice
1) Complete the sentences with the indefinite
pronouns:

a) I have _________ to say.

b) I am hungry because I didn't eat____________ this
morning Music2
c) “ _____________ like you, and all you know, and how
you speak” (Kings of Lion)
d) There´s ___________ behind the bed.
e) I forgot my keys ___________________.
f) “ Can___________ find me ___________ to love?”
(Queen)
g) Is there ____________at home? Music 3
h) Can you hear ______________?

i) I don't know ____________who speaks Spanish.

j) “ __________________ over the rainbow” … (Judy
Garland)

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Music 4

Music 5

Music 6

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