Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Solutions to Exercise 17E

Foundation
Question 1
(a) 2sin x cos x  sin 2x

(b) cos 2   sin 2   cos 2

2 tan 
(c)  tan 2
1  tan 2 

(d) 2sin 20 cos 20  sin  2  20

 sin 40

(e) 2cos2 50 1  cos  2  50

 cos100
2 tan 70
(f)  tan  2  70 
1  tan 2 70
 tan140

(g) 2sin 3 cos3  sin  2  3 

 sin 6

(h) 1  2sin 2 2 A  cos  2  2 A

 cos 4A
2 tan 4 x
(i)  tan  2  4 x 
1  tan 2 4 x
 tan8x
Question 2

(a) LHS   cos A  sin A cos A  sin A

 cos 2 A  sin 2 A
 cos 2 A
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

LHS   sin   cos  

2
(b)

 sin 2   2sin  cos   cos 2 

 1  sin 2
 RHS
(c) LHS  sin 2
 2sin  cos 
π 
 2sin  sin    
2 
 RHS
1 1
(d) LHS  
1  tan  1  tan 

1  tan   1  tan  

1  tan 2 
2 tan 

1  tan 2 
 tan 2
 RHS
Question 3
4
(a) cos  
5

cos 2  2 cos 2   1
2
4
 2    1
5
32
 1
25
7

25

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

2
(b) sin x 
3

cos 2  1  2sin 2 
2
2
 1 2  
3
8
 1
9
1

9
5
(c) sin   and  acute
13
Using a right-angled triangle:

25
cos   1 
169
12

13
sin 2  2sin  cos 
5 12
 2 
13 13
120

169
2 tan A
(d) tan 2 A 
1  tan 2 A
1
2
 2
2
1
1  
2
1

3
4
4

3

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Development
Question 4
3 π
sin 2x  2sin x cos x and sin x  where  x  π
4 2
Using a right-angled triangle and cos is negative in the second quadrant:

9
cos x   1 
16
7

4

3 7
sin 2 x  2   
4 4
3 7

8
Question 5

(a) LHS  cos 4   sin 4 

  cos 2   sin 2   cos 2   sin 2  

 cos 2   sin 2 
 cos 2
 RHS
(b) LHS  cos 2x  cos x

 2 cos 2 x  1  cos x
  cos x  1 2 cos x  1
 RHS
sin 2 A
(c) LHS 
1  cos 2 A
2sin A cos A

1  1  2sin 2 A 
sin A cos A

sin 2 A
cos A

sin A
 cot A
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(d) LHS  cos  sin  sin 2

 cos   2sin 2  cos 

 cos  1  2sin 2  
 cos  cos 2
 RHS

π  π 
(e) LHS  tan      tan    
 4   4 

π π
tan  tan  tan  tan 
 4  4
π π
1  tan tan  1  tan tan 
4 4
1  tan  1  tan 
 
1  tan  1  tan 
1  tan    1  tan  
2 2


1  tan 2 
4 tan 

1  tan 2 
 2 tan 2
 RHS
sin 2  sin 
(f) LHS 
cos 2  cos   1

2sin  cos   sin 


cos 2  cos   1
sin   2 cos   1

2 cos 2   cos 
sin   2 cos   1

cos   2 cos   1
 tan 
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Question 6
3 3
(a) If   sin 1 then sin   .
5 5

cos 2  1  2sin 2 
2
3
 1 2 
5
18
 1
25
7

25
7
(b) cos 2 
25
7
2  cos 1
25
3 7 3
As   sin 1 , cos 1  2sin 1 .
5 25 5
Question 7
1 1
(a) If   tan 1 then tan   .
3 3
2 tan 
tan 2 
1  tan 2 
1
2
 3
2
1
1  
3
2
3
8
9
3

4
3
tan 2 
4
7
2  tan 1
25

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

1 3 1
As   tan 1 , tan 1  2 tan 1 .
3 4 3

(b) If   cos 1 x then cos  x .

cos 2  2cos 2   1
 2x2 1

2  cos 1  2 x 2  1 for 0  x  1

As   cos 1 x , cos 1  2 x 2  1  2 cos 1 x .

Question 8

 1  1
(a) cos  2 cos 1   2 cos 2  cos 1   1
 3  3

 1
 2 cos 2  cos 1   1
 3
2
1
 2   1
3
7

9
 6  6  6
(b) sin  2 cos 1   2sin  cos 1  cos  cos 1 
 7  7  7

Using a right-angled triangle:

13 6
 2 
7 7
12 13

49

2 tan  tan 1  2  
(c) tan  2 tan 1
 2   
1  tan 2  tan 1  2  

Let   arctan  2 .

π π
Then tan   2 , where    .
2 2

Hence  is in the fourth quadrant and the related angle is tan 1 2 .

   tan 1 2

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Hence tan   tan 1 2   2 .

2  2
tan  2 tan 1  2   
1   2 
2

4

3

Question 9
1  cos 2 x
(a) LHS 
1  cos 2 x

1  1  2sin 2 x 

1   2 cos 2 x  1
sin 2 x

cos 2 x
 tan 2 x
 RHS
π
(b) Let x  .
8
π
1  cos
π 4
tan 2 
8 1  cos π
4
1
1
 2 2
1 2
1
2
2 1 2 1
 
2 1 2 1

 
2
 2 1

tan
π
8
  2 1 
π π
As tan  0 , tan  2  1 .
8 8

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Question 10

(a) Substituting cos  x  2 into y  2cos 2   1 :

y  2  x  2 1
2

 2  x2  4x  4 1
 2 x2  8x  7
2 tan 
(b) Substituting tan   x 1 into y 
1  tan 2 

2  x  1

1   x  1
2

2x  2

2 x  x2
Question 11
2 tan 
(a) tan 2 
1  tan 2 
h h
(b) tan   and tan 2 
30 10

h
2
h 30
(c)  2
10  h 
1  
 30 
h
h
 15 2
10 900  h
900
60
1
 900
10 900  h 2
900
1 60

10 900  h 2

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

1 60
(d) 
10 900  h 2

900  h 2  600
h 2  300
h  10 3

As h  0 , h  10 3 .

(e) The following outlines an alternative solution plan.

AWB   using the exterior angle WBC of ABW
Hence ABW is isosceles with BW  BA  20 because the base angles are equal.
Then use Pythagoras’ theorem in BCW .
Question 12

(a) LHS  cos  2   

 cos 2 cos   sin 2 sin 

  2 cos 2   1 cos   2sin 2  cos 
 2 cos3   cos   2 cos  1  cos 2  
 4 cos3   3cos 
 RHS

(b) cos 3  4 cos3   3cos 

Let x  cos .
2π 1
cos 
3 2
1
  4 x3  3x
2
8x  6 x  1  0
3

1
cos 3  
2
2π 4π 8π
3  , ,
3 3 3
2π 4π 8π
 , ,
9 9 9
2π
So cos is a root of 8 x3  6 x  1  0 .
9

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Question 13
4π π
(a) LHS  2sin cos
5 5

4π  π
sin  sin  π  
5  5
π
 sin
5
π π
LHS  2sin cos
5 5
2π
 sin
5
 RHS
4π 3π
(b) LHS  cos 2  sin 2
7 7

4π  3π 
cos  cos  π  
7  7 
3π
  cos
7
2
 3π  3π
LHS    cos   sin 2
 7  7
3π 3π
 cos 2  sin 2
7 7
6π
 cos
7
 RHS
Question 14
(a) LHS  cot 2  tan 
cos 2 sin 
 
sin 2 cos 
1  2sin 2   2sin 2 

2sin  cos 
1

sin 2
 cosec2
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

sin 3 A cos 3 A
(b) LHS  
sin A cos A
sin 3 A cos A  cos 3 A sin A

sin A cos A
sin 4 A

1
sin 2 A
2
2sin 2 A cos 2 A

1
sin 2 A
2
 4 cos 2 A
 RHS
(c) LHS  tan 2x cot x
sin 2 x cos x

cos 2 x sin x
2sin x cos 2 x

cos 2 x sin x
1 
2sin x  1  cos 2 x  
 2 
cos 2 x sin x
sin x  sin x cos 2 x

cos 2 x sin x
1
 1
cos 2 x
 1  sec 2 x
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

sin 2  cos 2  1
(d) LHS 
sin 2  cos 2  1

2sin  cos   1  2sin 2    1


2sin  cos   1  2sin 2    1
2sin  cos   2sin 2 

2sin  cos   2sin 2 
2sin   cos   sin  

2sin   cos   sin  
cos   sin 
 cos 
cos   sin 
cos 
1  tan 

1  tan 
π
tan  tan 
 4
π
1  tan tan 
4
 π
 tan    
 4
 RHS
1  sin 2
(e) LHS 
1  cos 2

1  2sin  cos 

2 cos 2 
1 sin 
 
2 cos  cos 
2

1
 sec 2   tan 
2
 1  tan 2    tan 
1
2
  tan 2   2 tan   1
1
2
 1  tan 2  
1
2
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(f) LHS  cosec4 A  cot 4 A

1  cos 4 A

sin 4 A
1   2 cos 2 2 A  1

2sin 2 A cos 2 A
cos 2 A

sin 2 A
cos 2 A  sin 2 A

2sin A cos A
1  cos A sin A 
   
2  sin A cos A 
1
  cot A  tan A 
2
 RHS

Enrichment
Question 15

LHS  2 tan 1 2

Taking cos of both sides:

cos  2 tan 1 2   2 cos 2  tan 1 2   1

Using a right-angled triangle:

2
 1 
 2  1
 5
3

5
3
RHS  π  cos 1
5
Taking cos of both sides:

 3
 cos  π  cos 1 
 5
 3
  cos  cos 1 
 5
3

5

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

π
For x  0 , 0  tan 1 x  and so 0  2 tan 1 2  π .
2

3
0  cos -1 
5
3
 π   cos 1  0
5
3
0  π  cos 1  π
5
3
So cos  LHS  cos  RHS and 0  2 tan 1 2  π and 0  π  cos 1  π
5
Question 16

2
(a) cos 45 
2
1
(b) (i) LHS  cos 22 
2
1
cos 45  2 cos 2 22   1
2
1 2 1
1    cos 22 
2

2 2  2
1 1 2 2
cos 2 22    
2 2  2 
1 1
cos 22    2 2
2 2
1 1 1
cos 22   2  2 as cos 22   0
2 2 2

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

1
(ii) LHS  cos11 
4
1 1
cos 22   2 cos 2 11   1
2 4
11  1
 2  2  1  cos 2 11 
22  4
1 1 2 2 2
cos 2 11    
4 2 2 
 
1 1
cos11    2 2 2
4 2
1 1 1
cos11   2  2  2 as cos11   0
4 2 4
Question 17

 
2
(a) 6 2  84 3

8  4 3  6  2 as 6 2 0

(b) LHS  tan165

 tan 120  45 

tan120  tan 45

1  tan120 tan 45
1 3 1 3
 
1 3 1 3
42 3

2
 32
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

1
(c) LHS  tan 82 
2
1
2 tan 82 
tan165  2
1
1  tan 2 82 
2

 
 1 
3  2 1  tan 2 82    2 tan 82 
 2 
1
2

  1 1

2  3 tan 2 82   2 tan 82   3  2  0
2 2

1
tan 82  
2 44 2 3   32 
2 2 2 3  
2  32  16 3


2 2 3 
22 84 3


2 2 3
1  6  2 

2 3

1
tan 82  

1 6  2 
1
as tan 82   0
2 2 3 2

1  6 2  2 3
2 3 2 3
 2 3 2 6 3 2 2 2  6
 6 3 22
 RHS
1 1
tan 82   6  3  2  2 as tan 82   0
2 2

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