WEEK 9:

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SLIDESMANIA.COM
 CONTEXT CLUES
words or phrases that precede or
follow a difficult word or idea to
help readers understand it.
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 Superman may be bulletproof, but that doesn't make
him impervious to hateful words. Clark Kent is
sensitive to accusations made against him and his
character. He shows how much they affect him
whenever he's home. Multiple episodes of Smallville
show Clark crying at times. Even the strongest
superheroes have feelings and can be vulnerable.
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 Restatement/
Synonym Clues
The author uses a word having
the same or nearly the same
meaning as another word or
other words in a sentence.
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 EXAMPLE:

Superman may be bulletproof,

but that doesn’t make him
impervious hateful words.
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 EXAMPLE:

● Carnivores, that is, meat eaters, are th

e top of the food chain.

● My best friend
squandered all his money; his
drinking and gambling wasted all his e
arnings.
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 EXAMPLE:

● After seeing the picture of the starving

children, we all felt compassion or pity
for their suffering.

● After a time, glaciers, or slowly moving

rivers of ice, formed over many parts of
the Earth.
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 Contrast/Antonym
Clues
The author uses another word
or phrase that means the
opposite of an unfamiliar
word
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 EXAMPLE:

Clark Kent is sensitive to

accusations made against him
and his character.
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 EXAMPLE:

● Mike’s parrot was loquacious, but

Maria’s said very little.

● The gentleman was portly, but his

wife was thin.
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 EXAMPLE:

● While Luis is hardworking, his

indolent brother spends most of
the time watching TV or sitting
around with friends.
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 Inference/General
Context Clue
Sometimes a word or phrase is not
immediately clarified within the same
sentence. Relationships, which are not
directly apparent, are inferred or
implied. The reader must look for clues
within, before, and after the sentence in
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which the word is used.

 EXAMPLE:

He shows how much they affect

him whenever he’s home.
Multiple episodes of Smallville
show Clark crying at times.
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 EXAMPLE:

● The monkey’s vociferous chatter made

me wish I had earplugs

● Katie’s belligerence surprised everyone.

She threw her book across the room,
glared at Chris, and then pushed him to
the floor.
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 Definition/
Explanation Clues
The author provides examples
or additional explanations or
summaries to help you
understand an unfamiliar
word. The word is cleared up
by giving an example.
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 EXAMPLE:

Even the strongest superheroes

have feelings and can be
vulnerable.
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 EXAMPLE:
● The archeologist found different
amulets, such as a rabbit’s foot and bags
of herb.

● Paula was suspended from school

because of several infractions of the
rules, including smoking in the bathroom
and dressing improperly
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 EXAMPLE:

● Celestial bodies, such as the sun, moon,

and stars, are governed by predictable
laws.
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 Superman may be bulletproof, but that
doesn't make him impervious to hateful
words. Clark Kent is sensitive to
accusations made against him and his
character. He shows how much they affect
him whenever he's home. Multiple
episodes of Smallville show Clark crying at
times. Even the strongest superheroes
have feelings and can be vulnerable.
SLIDESMANIA.COM
 Punctuation
Readers can also use clues of
punctuation and type style to infer
meaning, such as quotation marks
(showing the word has a special
meaning), dashes , parentheses or
brackets (enclosing a definition), and
italics (showing the word will be
defined).
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 EXAMPLE:
● Tom's father was a haberdasher, or
men’s shop keeper, in the story.
● Tom's father was a haberdasher (men’s
shop keeper) in the story.
● In the story, Tom's father was a
haberdasher-or men’s shop keeper.
● Tom's father was a “haberdasher”. He
had a clothing store for men
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 1 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 2

INFERENCE
Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted DEFINITION
Infections (STIs) like Human EXAMPLE
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and
ANTONYM
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(AIDS) as link to gender and human SYNONYM
sexuality issues is particularly WORD PARTS
significant for one’s sexuality as
significant factor to the optimum
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development of family health.

 1 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 2

INFERENCE
Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted DEFINITION
Infections (STIs) like Human EXAMPLE
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and
ANTONYM
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(AIDS) as link to gender and human SYNONYM
sexuality issues is particularly WORD PARTS
significant for one’s sexuality as
significant factor to the optimum
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development of family health.

 2 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 22

INFERENCE

“Assessing your Health” DEFINITION

means evaluating your EXAMPLE

well-being periodically. This ANTONYM

includes your sexuality. Figure SYNONYM
out what you can do to WORD PARTS

improve your health if it is not

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as good as it can be.

 2 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 22

INFERENCE

“Assessing your Health” DEFINITION

means evaluating your EXAMPLE

well-being periodically. This ANTONYM

includes your sexuality. Figure SYNONYM
out what you can do to WORD PARTS

improve your health if it is not

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as good as it can be.

 2 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 22

INFERENCE

“Assessing your Health” DEFINITION

means evaluating your EXAMPLE

well-being periodically. This ANTONYM

includes your sexuality. Figure SYNONYM
out what you can do to WORD PARTS

improve your health if it is not

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as good as it can be.

 3 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 35

A philandering or immoral INFERENCE

man is considered as DEFINITION

demonstrating his EXAMPLE

manliness or “pagkalalaki”. A ANTONYM

philandering or immoral SYNONYM
woman is considered as WORD PARTS

cheap, bad, or “masamang

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babae.”
 3 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 35

INFERENCE
A philandering or immoral
DEFINITION
man is considered as
EXAMPLE
demonstrating his
ANTONYM
manliness or “pagkalalaki”. A
SYNONYM
philandering or immoral
WORD PARTS
woman is considered as
cheap, bad, or “masamang
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babae.”
 4 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 51

INFERENCE

DEFINITION
The pathogen of chlamydia
EXAMPLE
Chlamydia Trachomatis ANTONYM
bacterium. On the other SYNONYM
hand, the causative agent of WORD PARTS
genital herpes is Herpes
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Simplex-2 Virus.
 4 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 51

INFERENCE

DEFINITION
The pathogen of chlamydia
EXAMPLE
Chlamydia Trachomatis ANTONYM
bacterium. On the other SYNONYM
hand, the causative agent of WORD PARTS
genital herpes is Herpes
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Simplex-2 Virus.
 5 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 57

INFERENCE
The best way a teenager DEFINITION
can prevent sexuality EXAMPLE
related problems is through ANTONYM

sexual abstinence. SYNONYM

Abstinence is refraining WORD PARTS

completely from sexual

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relations with other people.

 5 UNIT 1: Family Health, Page 57

INFERENCE
The best way a teenager DEFINITION
can prevent sexuality EXAMPLE
related problems is through ANTONYM

sexual abstinence. SYNONYM

Abstinence is refraining WORD PARTS

completely from sexual

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relations with other people.

 6 UNIT 2: Family Life, Page 89

INFERENCE
Factors necessary to consider in DEFINITION
choosing a lifetime partner to EXAMPLE
work out for successful married
ANTONYM
life include fidelity. It can make
SYNONYM
the relationship lasting if the
partner is sincere and true to his WORD PARTS

or her promises, and considers

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the relationship sacred.

 6 UNIT 2: Family Life, Page 89

INFERENCE
Factors necessary to consider in DEFINITION
choosing a lifetime partner to EXAMPLE
work out for successful married
ANTONYM
life include fidelity. It can make
SYNONYM
the relationship lasting if the
partner is sincere and true to his WORD PARTS

or her promises, and considers

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the relationship sacred.

 7 UNIT 3: Disease Prevention and Control, Page 220

INFERENCE

DEFINITION
Convalescence is the stage
EXAMPLE
when acute symptoms of
infection disappear. Recovery ANTONYM

period depends on the severity SYNONYM

of infection and the stregth of WORD PARTS

the immune system of the

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individual.
 7 UNIT 3: Disease Prevention and Control, Page 220

INFERENCE

DEFINITION
Convalescence is the stage
EXAMPLE
when acute symptoms of
infection disappear. Recovery ANTONYM

period depends on the severity SYNONYM

of infection and the stregth of WORD PARTS

the immune system of the

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individual.
 7 UNIT 3: Disease Prevention and Control, Page 220

INFERENCE

DEFINITION
Convalescence is the stage
EXAMPLE
when acute symptoms of
infection disappear. Recovery ANTONYM

period depends on the severity SYNONYM

of infection and the strength of WORD PARTS

the immune system of the

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individual.
 8 UNIT 3: Disease Prevention and Control, Page 220

INFERENCE
Sidestream smoke is the smoke DEFINITION
that comes out of the lighted end EXAMPLE
of a cigarette or pipe. This is also ANTONYM
called “second-hand smoke” (SHS)
SYNONYM
or “environmental tobacco
WORD PARTS
smoke” (ETS). This is more
dangerous than mainstream
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smoke.
 8 UNIT 3: Disease Prevention and Control, Page 220

INFERENCE
Sidestream smoke is the smoke DEFINITION
that comes out of the lighted end EXAMPLE
of a cigarette or pipe. This is also ANTONYM
called “second-hand smoke” (SHS)
SYNONYM
or “environmental tobacco
WORD PARTS
smoke” (ETS). This is more
dangerous than mainstream
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smoke.
 8 UNIT 3: Disease Prevention and Control, Page 220

INFERENCE
Sidestream smoke is the smoke DEFINITION
that comes out of the lighted end EXAMPLE
of a cigarette or pipe. This is also ANTONYM
called “second-hand smoke” (SHS)
SYNONYM
or “environmental tobacco
WORD PARTS
smoke” (ETS). This is more
dangerous than mainstream
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smoke.
 8 UNIT 3: Disease Prevention and Control, Page 220

INFERENCE
Sidestream smoke is the smoke DEFINITION
that comes out of the lighted end EXAMPLE
of a cigarette or pipe. This is also ANTONYM
called “second-hand smoke” (SHS)
SYNONYM
or “environmental tobacco
WORD PARTS
smoke” (ETS). This is more
dangerous than mainstream
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smoke.
 THANK
Do you have any questions?

kcestrada@fatima.edu.ph
Karen Capistrano Estrada
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 CREDITS.
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