BÀI GIẢNG HỌC PHẦN

BIOTECHNOLOGY OF EDIBLE
AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOMS

Lecturer: Ph.D Nguyen Thi Bich Thuy

ĐT: 0379171187
Email: thuy_chat@yahoo.com.vn
 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM

3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom

3.2.1. Introduction
Lingzhi or Ganoderma Lucidum has a history dating
back over 4000 years when they were considered to be a
‘superior herb that improved health, resistance, longevity,
energy and memory.
Now it is still a precious herb because of its value.

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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.2. Biological characteristics
* Shape and color
- The fruit body of lingzhi contains a stem and a cap
- The stem is in the shape of cylinder with the diameter of
0.5-3cm, and various lengths. They are red, red brown, dark
brown.

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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.2. Biological characteristics
- The upper part of the caps, there are smooth concentric
veins with different colors: yellow, saffron, fulvous, orange,
red brown, purple brown.
- The caps are often 2-15cm in diameter; 0.8 – 1.2 in width,
even caps of some species reach over 100 cm in diameter
- When fruit bodies mature, dark brown spores are spread
from lamellae.

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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.2. Biological characteristics
- Temperature: The lingzhi mycelium grows best at 24-28oC;
the fruiting body stage grows from 22 - 28oC.
Moisture of material should be kept at the range of 60-62%;
Humidity of the air is 80-95%.

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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.2. Biological characteristics
-Ventilation: It is necessary that the air should be vented
during both mycelium growth and fruiting bodies.
- Light: Light is only needed for fruiting bodies. It is
diffusion light with symmetrical intensity for every corner
of the growing house.
- pH: Lingzhi grows well in the environment from neutral to
weak acid. (5.5 -7)
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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.3. Time for cultivating
Time for pawning is from January 15th to March 15th
or from August 15th to September 15th in the Northern
provinces.
It can be grown around the year in the Southern
provinces.

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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.4. Composing process
* Material
- Sawdust or logs from both softwood and hardwood
without volatile oil and poisons can be used as a main
substance for growing the lingzhi.
- Bagasse; corn cob; corn stalks… can be used as a
substance for growing the lingzhi.
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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.4. Composing process
* Composting
Prepare: sawdust; warm-endured plastic bags; waterproof
cotton; substances (CaCO3, rice bran, corn powder, sugar
...); lime water.

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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.4. Composing process
* Composting
- Composting is can done under the roof for protection
against the weather
- The first step of composting is to mix sawdust with clean
water. Pile and cover the pile with nylon sheet for several
days till the sawdust penetrate enough water.
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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.4. Composing process
* Composting
After piling, this mixture is added with come substances
Wet sawdust: :85%
(CaCO3) : 1%
Rice bran: 8%
Corn powder: 6%
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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.4. Composing process
* Composting
Packed into bags of 1.1-1.4 kg in weight, then transported
into pasteurization rooms

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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.4. Composing process
* Pasteurization
The bags can be pasteurized either in a steam stove under
the temperature of 100oC for 10-12 hours or in an autoclave
the temperature of 120-125oC for 120-180 minutes.

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SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.5. Spawning
- The amount of spawn is about 10-15 gram per each
compost bag (1 spawn bottle of 300 gram is used enough
for 25-20 compost bags).
- After finishing spawned, compost bags are stoppered and
transported into inoculation houses

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SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.6. Incubation
*Preparation
Incubation houses have to meet the following
requirements: clean; ventilation; humidity (from 75-80%);
weak light; temperature of 22 - 30oC

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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.6. Incubation
- Spawned compost bags are carefully moved into houses
and put in shelf-beds.
- The distance between bags is 2-3cm.
- During this period, watering isn’t needed

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 CHƯƠNG 3. CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF
SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.6. Incubation
- Spawned compost bags are carefully moved into houses
and put in shelf-beds.
- The distance between bags is 2-3cm.
- During this period, watering isn’t needed

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SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.7. Care and picking
* Preparation
Growing houses must be clean, ventilated, and have roofs to
prevent rain. In which geological conditions can be
controlled as follows: temperature is about 22-28oC; air
humidity is 80-90%, light is diffuse and radiates to every
corner of the growing houses.
Shelf-beds are arranged so conveniently that it is easy to
care or to water and to harvest. 29
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SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.7. Care and picking
* Care: Bags can be either slit or removed the cotton plugs
Slit bags
-After 25-30 days later from spawning, and when mycelium
covers the length of 3/4 of bags, two lines with the length of
0.2-0.5 cm are slit symmetrically on the bags.
- The distance between bags is about 2-3 cm so that fruit
bodies have enough space to develop.
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SOME EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
3.2. Cultivation technology of the Lingzhi mushroom
3.2.7. Care and picking
* Care: Bags can be either slit or removed the cotton plugs
Remove the cotton plugs
- Cotton plug of each bag are removed so that fruit bodies
can easily grow through plugs.

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