10 NUMBER: ... ...... ...... .... .. .. .......... ..... ...... . . SiGNATURE .. .... .... ... .... ..... .. ... .

UNIVERSITY OF GHANA
(All Rights Reserved)

SCHOOL OF NURSING

COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES

BSc NURSING, FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS, 2016/2017

NURS 111: TRAUMA AND EMERGENCY NURSING (2 CREDITS)

INSTRUCTION: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. ANSWER SECTION A ON THE

QUESTION PAPER AND SECTION B INTO THE ANSWER BOOKLET PROVIDED

TIME ALLOWED: ONE AND A HALF (1 YI) HOURS

SECTION A

WRITE THE LETTER OF THE CORRECT ANSWER ON THE

THE QUESTION PAPER

1. A nursing specialty that deals with human responses to injuries which requires
immediate intervention is termed ;

a. Emergency nursing
h. First aid management
c. Geriatric nursing
d . Trauma nursing ANS ... .... . .. . ... .. .... .. . ... .

2. Which of the following is NOT a common cause of trauma?

a . Falls from a height
h. Domestic violence and assault
c. Raptured spleen
d . Road Traffic Accident ANS ..... .... .. ......... .

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3. Nose bleeding is referred to as .......

a. Asphyxia
b. Ep istaxis
c. Haemorrhage
d. Syncope AN S------------------------

4. Purposes of bandaging include;

a. To control bleeding
b. To support and immobilize a limb
c. To reduce swelling
d . All of the above A NS-------------------------

5. Which type of bandaging is most appropriate for securing dressing on the head?
a. Circular turn
b. Figure-of-eight turn
c. Recurrent turn
d. Spiral turn ANS-------------------------

6. An emergency procedure which is performed in an effort to manually preserve intact

brain function until further measures are taken
a. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
b. Emergency management
c. First aid management
d. Immediate management ANS . .... ...... .. ............. ..

7. Madam Kakraba, a patient on your ward entered into a state of shock after being
administered a dose of artesunate amodiaquin. What type of shock does the client
have?
a. Anaphylactic
b. Cardiogenic
c. Hypovolemic
d. Neurogenic ANS ............................. .

8. Mr. Benson was rushed to the emergency unit in a state of shock due to a road traffic
accident. The most important factor to consider is;
a. Administration of medication
b. Loss of fluid
c. Lowered blood pressure
d. Respiratory distress ANS . ......... . .. ... .... .... ..... .

9. Signs and symptoms of hypo glycaemia include the following EXCEPT:

a. Dizziness and faintness.
b. Dry skin
c. Shallow respiration
d. Weakness ANS ....... .................. .... .

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10. The commonest cause of poisonous snake bites in tropical Africa are;
a. cobras
b. Pythons
c. Viper
d. Water snakes ANS ............................... ..

11. The condition caused by failure of the " thermostat" in the brain which regulates body
temperature to function is termed;
a. Frostbite
b. Heat stroke
c. Hyperthermia
d. Sunburns ANS ......... . .. . .. .. .. . .. . .

12. Which of the following organisms is a common cause of food poisoning?

a. Clostridium
b. Mycobacterium
c. Salmonella
d. Streptococci ANS ........... . .. ... ....... .

13. Which of the following types of wounds is a closed one?

a. Abrasion
b. Contused wound
c. Incised wound
d. Lacerated wound ANS . .... .. ... . ...... . ....... .. .

14. Common causes of acute abdomen EXCLUDE:

a. Abdominal tuberculosis
b. Acute pancreatitis
c. Intestinal obstruction
d. Typhoid perforation ANS ......................... . ...

15. The main difference between burns and scalds is that scalds are usually caused by;
a. Chemicals
b. Dry heat
c. Moist heat
d. Radiation ANS ........... .. . ........ . .... .

16. Common chest injuries leading to trauma death include the following EXCEPT:
a. Broken ribs
b. Haemothorax
c. Pneumothorax
d. Spondylosis ANS .... .. .............. .. . .... .

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17. Master Joe aged eight (8) sustained fractured tibia after being knocked down by a motor
bicycle. Which of the following types of fractures is likely to occur?
a. Comminuted
b. Greenstick
c. Oblique
d. Transverse ANS .......................... ..

18. A patient with a Glasgow coma score of lOis said to have

a. Moderate head injury
b. Mild head injury
c. No head injury
d. Severe head injury ANS .............................. .

19. Which of the following is an artificial disaster?

a. Earth quake
b. Flooding
c. Fire outbreak
d . volcanoes ANS ............................. .

20. To combat readiness or preparedness during disasters, the nurse has to;
a. Check staff preparedness to emergency alarm.
b. Establish flying squad unit.
c. Teach crowd management.
d. All of the above ANS ........ .. .. ........ .. ..

21. The rate of compressions in CPR was updated in 2015 to ................................ .

a. 100-110/minute.
b. 100-120/minute.
c. 100-150/minute.
d. 100- 200/minute. ANS .... .. ................ .. ............. .

22. In children less than 2 years which method will be more appropriate in performing chest
compressions?
a. One hand
b. Two hands
c. Two fingers
d. Four fingers ANS ............................. ..... .. .... ... ..

23. For suspected trauma to the head, a ............ ......... can be used in opening the airway.
a. Chin lift
b. Head tilt
c. Jaw thrust
d. Head and chin lift

24. The chain of survival involves all of the following EXCEPT:

a. CPR.
b. Defibrillation
c. Recognition and call for help.
d. Shock.

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25 . When a victim has suffered a cardiac arrest, the most critical time when brain damage is
irreversible is ....... .. . .
a. 0-1 minute
b. 4-6 minutes
c. 6-10 minutes
d. More than 10 minutes.

FROM QUESTIONS 26-30 MATCH COLUMN A WITH COLUMN B. WRITE THE

ANSWER IN THE SPACE PROVIDED

COLUMN A (CONDITION) COLUMN B (DEFINITION)

26. Asphyxia a. Freezing of the extremities due to low

temperature

27. Convulsion b. Increased amount of sugar in the blood

28. Frostbite c. A medical term for suffocation

29.Hyperglycaemia d . The medical term for fainting

30. Syncope e. Twitching of the muscle with loss of

consciousness

f. Decreased amount of sugar in the blood

g. High body temperature

SECTIONB

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS INTO THE ANSWER BOOKLET PROVIDED

QUESTION ONE

a. Enumerate four (4) rules for bandaging ( 4 marks)

b. Differentiate between Primary and Secondary survey in Trauma
Care (6 marks)
TOT AL = 10 MARKS

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QUESTION TWO

Mr Oppong, aged fifty-five, sustained severe burns of the anterior and posterior trunk and
both upper limbs.

a. Calculate the percentage of body surface involved according to the Wallace's

rule of nine (3 marks)

b. List six (6) signs and symptoms of burns (3 marks)

c. Describe the emergency management of Mr. Oppong (1 0 marks)

d. State four (4) possible comp lications Mr. Oppong may acquire due to the
burns (4Marks)

TOTAL - 20 MARKS

QUESTION THREE

You are in your hall of residence and you heard your colleagues shouting for help. On arrival
you found out that a fellow student is lying on the floor unresponsive.

a. Describe how you would perform CPR on the unresponsive student. (8 marks)
b. List four (4) reasons why CPR may fail to resuscitate the student. (2 marks)

TOT AL - 10 MARKS

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