brief picture about the classes and the interfaces available in ash of 9 be invoked using RMI must implement the Remote interface in the age. When such an object is invoked, is arguments ae marsaled and sent convening input parameters to a format that can be transmitted serss the called marshaling, 1+ A reverse process of marshaling in which the datas convened from a format portable cross the network tothe format used by methods is called as unmarshaling + Input parametees and objects ae always in bytecodes (in Java), but the network alvays transmits them asa stream of Bits. Classes in java.rmi “The Naming clas extend the Object cass, The Naming las provides methods for ing and obtaining references to remote objets in the remote objet eis One ofthe ‘arguments to the methods of the Naming c hind and rebind methods associate a name wit ledOjeet clas extends dhe Object cas and imple vrshatledObject contains a byte seam with the serialized representation of tots consevctor. Te et method returns anew copy ofthe original objet, alized fom the contained rte steam, The contained bic is serie and an obj as des ‘The RMISecurltyManager class extend the SecurityManager cass eSecurtyManager provide an example seeaiy manage for use by RMI aplicaons thatune doweloaded ede. RMI clas Toader will not download any clases from remote focatiosifno security manager bas been st. RMISecurityManager docs not apply to applets, which ron uder he protection oftheir browser’ secuty manager. Interfaces in java.rm! Javarmi-Remot ae available remotely, Implemes umber of remote interfaces and can extend other remote implementation classes. “The DGC abstractions used forthe server side of the disuibuted garbage slgorth. When an object reured from a servers no more in use by sgarbage-colets the remote objet. The Java.rmi.dge packaze provides for this RMI Distibuted Gartape-Collection (DGC. Classes In ava.rmidge “The VMID class extends the Object clas and implements the Serializable interface. A ‘Virtual Machine ID (VMID) isan deni MIDs are used bythe distributed garbage collector ‘The Lease class extends the Object class and implements the Serializable interface. A Tease conttns a unique VM identifier and lease duration. A Lease objects used to request and rant leases to remote object references. The getValue() method ofthe class earns th lease duration andthe yetVMID( ) method returns the cient VBMIDassosiated with he lease, Interfaces in Java.rmLdge fae contains wo methods nce is unmarshaled in 8 respnwing clean call is made whe no more referenceslassen Javariregisry Te Locate referee tooo ching i tt Oj eas Leyla pe i gy epi ang sctocnar are hpi cupeenec pat he eee) tod isan cars acne eran eles ‘ny breagon res Interfaces In jovarratsegity ‘Te Regiy neice ee he Remote cls To be Rey ee Delp oa referer obj ingen y RM egy at ovis mats fer sin and renege hj ee Th mo inet ‘ods sdb the ever or eteriag whe seve ey, ino nd bind) are presetn since: The kp) tn fire dy lot to ere te ever eh Rl gis. Th inertial con est) ‘ned whch ears ery ofleumes ovale ees. Reg Hanler is epee ner diner yh RM ui apices inplemstion wis head eres ast spice “Ps vrs pskage provi cleric fr gorge sence ERM A roo of cer ted by he so seas pny Be tb ‘oni We wl eam mre bath compere nex cur Ant Popol hes implemen he Mt Tso oon and HTTP aig ‘lasses in avasm. server “To OID cla exes the Objet cls so ingle he Srila. An ‘Ob isi ey ete jean VM oe ine ach ee contains an object umber so ais ce eter dats unr wit age Specie mace An bjt eae aint areata whe sere, SS ‘The Rett hs exes te Objet tinge ewes Renate Seale The Rant clipes joe Oe eh forms jc: Remeber bomen Chety Inpomenng mets bass eng ‘he RemlSere cas nde Remote ci ie cen pen tere tgleneiton pie be fanent epee a ee decreas ‘Te Remote cla sn exes Rebecca ei econ es ‘ein nt. ove een acer tera ie ‘he RMICi ner cl at ents he Object cas ee at gcse tet wf ing eon om wih ei ‘See neh tise tye cies mata somaslig seo prams ne as. “Te fnsecktrter cs cx One chs tinge be aCe RMS) cs a RulSetaacan car ncey be BT rine neo cane ike RM es Anplaon miy we became 0 ics me ‘Tee UatRemotObjet a ery npr tense Remeere ls The Unset cis cei anoepcudet ce eaeese acy ie rer peers ae. The Unset ese TEs ‘opr spe ie objects rm se sn tee, Ost ee nee easel ee Remote gs Use Os The LogSeam saeco te Pitre lst. The eS | la nie ech forging emer ate elo sing EM. ‘he Operation sa dep as ht ett Object tas. Operation corns rig of veeIntriees in javaembaerver ‘Rett en em ie eh “tanlefor a remote object. A RemoteSto utes [aaameaewaie eae) Seovivonin neem ae ‘Te Sree nerf extend te Remote interac nd rts sense nn forarenste obit implemen. vintancof he RMIChenSecketFctory intra yhe RMI anne © cute ce srk for RMLs A remote jet cane secie wihe [RyChetSrktFactory when ie cremdenpred ap Oscar xprtOhject meh of arse Uneaten. A RMIFaturtander nec cnt ace cane eit sing heated met ef tbe RMISoketFactory clas. Te cly metodo be tne. aml flexed hen Rl otine arable to cee Serverscket enh e ROMP, ‘sen vinci eas This ed ene olan eng whee oat ne should arp a e-cree th Serversecket anise of he RMEServerSockeF acer irae sey te RMI in ‘owinsene sockets fr RMD eal Arena objec canbe asec wih RollsenersadetFacary wie iscesedlespred vith conan aepocie ted par seres UncsemoObec. An ROSrverSoxk Fury ens eee wissen oj sed bathe erveSecket me ino vezi jet implement shou plement the Uren ines in eet 2 (ioe toteaton sen ae o mae cans tht elec tat eat cs. ‘he Londeanler is deprecated ity byt RM ating ‘rose teens ess Hake vera pen cat “The Remoteal tc a abana we sly bythe RM rine yo 8 ceitrcrove bce Te Remoteal ere is epee in OKL-2 sinc tt ey Shed by dpsed aids fhe Remote Interfics, ely byte RM implemen. er) Foie as ners by te ic ah ample in te versio 1.1 pees ts aaa ioe for rem objectives nity tu pases caer rune bet mpemention. [a 204 hip venom eet et ede oremore metodcll. 7A “The Skeletons a doprase ines —— ee ©. Points to Ponder ‘Simcoe a tees coniglenen ym frenetic, nie ge Frets ee) ins aks ares an fer arent it ‘aeons ened ere Summary 1b Tener set red epi ebjers she oa Rr 1b Tarte vie an lees foreach eat eric ethene nt «taste mealies hae apse by referee a ee hrs stare ped ae ey alo 4 Exhienot mead eit row te Renoaeeon, Teche seas forte sve ie athe rey by ge Nain et) “+ Foco he ingen passin Rae joa jv, ramsey Review Questions 1. ow do you diene fm ate? 12 Whahte ers een ain by reece an paises) 4. Cua webu ct nd serene maine Ifo, es ce 2 esr?VEAFITEORS Architecture of RMI \e About this Chapter: In this chapter we are going to learn about the RMI layers, namely, the application layer, the Stub and Skeleton layer (Proxy layer), the Remote reference layer and the Transport layer. Each of these layers perfotms specific functions during the execution of a distributed application. We will lean how the RMI supports garbage collection and the registry system. Finally, we are going to understand how the RMI system works. Objectives © RMI Layers © The RMI Registry = RMIFlow Introduction ‘The complete RMI system is organised as a four-layer model, Each layer can perform specific functions, like establish the connection, marshal and unmarshal the parameters, transmitting the object gte. The four layers are: + Layer 1 is the Application layer, itis the actual object definition. + Layer 2 is the Proxy layer, it consists of two parts; Stub and Skeleton. These are used for marshaling and unmarshalling the data that is transferred through the network. We create the stub and skeleton classes using the rmic (RMI compiler). + Layer 3: is the Remote Reference layer. it can get the stream of bytes from the transport layer and gives it to the proxy layer. + Layer 4: is the Transport layer. itis responsible for handling the actual mtachine to machine communication. We can see details about these layers in this chapier, The garbage collection i one ofthe advantages ofthe Java language. tn thi going (0 see how RMI supports garbag apter we are collection, The registry simply keeps tr addresses of remote objects that ure being exported by the systems use the registry to keep track of the names of the ‘of the applications, All the distributed Temote objects.LT RMI Layers ‘Westy koh RMT comics ony ewe oe a Vit Me ocho Viral Maine Te RM ahtete ening ie Cones oo Tevet ae | @> SS | | Proxy Layer ‘Prony Layer | C= i L a ero Reheat | ‘Tramport Layer. “Transport Layer sy whe srver Teeter ne shud spon he communica, Application Layer ‘Theat erste singleton of te it and seve apo. He, "Scioto made naern a adept ent oj The cen cnt mh hgh fae textes raat, Whe "mca tn he ely ee hy mst eel ea hk rosette ase hae ion amg 12 ‘the teh nn seme etic ave ee implemented aj ‘Tetcrnetjen On cet een sing reset om ‘cranguny ote eel te foes aed be nd Aber en Sierra be pyrite prom e pane of connie been 1+ tot ppg pst sft meer ton te apt ye. Proxy layer Tose hw i wos, ems sci tel ef abs an sees. Te {bandon eed wag ope GMI), Ta rig at cept cstand eerie arronethje. ncuremloyer ste ‘epion de iett mctes ag seheene eee) ats e [Preraie apace. Tirta tse ae ped shor oe F}2. ‘Deo ipnela ecn ie hee eae plainer a a |e ; i na $ | ¢ ee AN erectaprobit sie pry ol eet oj haste iy een + peste ernie ht gc pene ecient ibisssnlenwaceaseeiee ne ‘woos with av Vil Machin an Ry on et machi tet ay !Mrosenso arent etd alan sed is nfo emaoe, 4+ Thea recive an res om een hod and rust ec, “Te Skaleton class seers pony of ent thr ae ia en: ted RM enone Sve mn ea appease 4+ inlet apoio mt inthe meter, it semen 1+ eines aya ao itt os ihe VM nd "eon Server marie ez hota ete infra sk ow tree Staban Salen ses “Weave comp al ale ng te eae commas te es cpt ese ies ve ler ae able Tee she ines ale titesopecole, We gence 5 antec cases yw command te ‘cs irae the Fig 33. RMI snd for Meo cn rb ot “loon rahe pete allowing osm in examples Sisto en-4.tedan EmpServer Afi hs cnn sree Sub sd Seo clases wit brea he tenance dis withthe nae perverse aod Teper earn cnc cone te vet tie (Sic oconl te etre he fig emma ek teppei Ae exeang cam saves er deters eer spate yi with enesion see et ie The Teese ucinan cay ihn ee ls, Tefoowing ete estsTg or te chem mah tomer eee 8 | [0 re ae] i ging atrean L = [ian Reference Layer “tee force etl benedeni ang Inert te al coms fe Wien mnie pane ‘sg ess ads ei ref en Te ae Vira Mace Seinen forgiven ion aa oe sven etnies, irtpe tent +e nije tt ns tin Reale ant oon eas ae 4+ sep esaiig etc sees former rrotransponte / ‘De Tango ine emis a flows 4+ ere fring esc mins och commision. ek onmannn witoeoe iigh at TCM CCl Poste Pee). + ewes asa ats ace eet fence ero tel ane anode mie ecco ect cin uno te nmin make ne et hey ent mine ee‘aurew anyon anny sc SosfQ0=01Y# a00N -oafgn au a 3.08 zzyeybex Fax ox) wos} pore 29 Ue Spore TAG HNKS TA A UL ‘Aajs1603 ayy oyu! 1900 oun 4935160H eased om muy wafgo 2m 1 sora s0129f00 om 8 on mvp Ansa my ons 90 ap sao mg mma 27] go ap AIBIAPE a a a Ebon ps am sefgo ame asks panagne Aa oy ‘woneaNdE “nxn hq pavioda 3oieq are yep sio=Igo siowras Jo sessazppe emp 30 oe sdo0y ALdUNS nar Raja dens s pot ost 51 "dpesoau pomeur goUeT 205 pavobea ‘ew sooo doo o CO ETTDE oF sgn ep BSS ames KNEAD THO Aysi6e1 WY tramp 20044 scm uonopmnumos yasjap ‘sake vodsuen ay Ps no aoe worens 29 ae pis suru ped st qmis 2a, -Z “sooqea amas poe saouresed =. ————— pe oxpasn st 29K fxoxd au,“ SUT sirysszonsansoxe ou tn Nonton de an ‘oq eaCG WoR|ayS pe -oafgo owas oxy or woqeagnbo st qnis xp aanaadsiod NOLAN *Z 19m wong “| BETO AS Jepuod 0} syujod "y nee setarmm enn ge e ea “Souronm 2 wou suonsoun09 3 stan SeSeatching for object In registry teste see ina ge mcs, comin ewes let nt ‘soe: porn aly Fea eed apt end ere sled oee hie Te biped ate cle ee selon nent rice ‘emo pe inte ee ie me ete fen efeet meiae eeletn sso Ge eny ih URL (Uo Rare Lac) A sanded HTTP RL + ssieepoten toto tant mesg, + 40..0.350~istetnart rapes Aa fe mshi stn meas, os ete psnte epson “The URL cmv ey te Stare Sytes Lindi flies, enethe psn veyed wing es pool Sot URL wba allows ‘here seach when xsi he filing tte ate ere meecenceetimcnemanen tite. Points to Ponder Tinea 1 Mees Ooomcn ren cetatnrewetn o eo 3 Sous eens Alsayonncertin. beds 1 mrgiayhsinetes 2 hen tsb ct eye ere a Scan nc ose 2, Peewee ete ores MI Flow ‘When encom wit ere cj rm. be ME Taos en esha wan ah RM ace Fst saben 34 Th est Solon Lt, ses is rs ‘eee te ow apni. Besa10 foes a Prams jer en ett sett 43 STUBS AND SKELETONS Sub estes tect wa Wen cores ete bjt. Woe lnc eat ‘method, the stub method is invoked that do the following: oa Sa ie oma whem + Mantas ee sade paneer er + Wate fr Be ren of be metod tenon 1 Unmu en valeoexrton 5 eu he we oe she Slelaon te ere ojo pcs es wo, Kee ono ooh reiet eee from ie clin, ee 1 Unmanned «Ime te mete one al ence jet npleneaon Mantas te et healer ‘Teseloniscesps odin cel oh clone apne inf de Terapia eens is enh reno je Tn poring at be San leon mee ft rtd wg ae comp. : 44 DEVELOPING APPLICATION WITH Raat ‘The sept erlop RMI application are: 1. Describing a remot inerface forte cet 2. Implementing a remot itera of ie seve. 5 Writing lie program that uses he et ineface tm const ibe serve. 44 Generating stabs ant skeletons, 5 [5 Satin theregity on the server and repsering he emote bjt with it 6 Sting te server application on te rete machine. 7. Saring te lava spplcan dati eter loc onthe client machine ora Gowoaded jena. ee ort Hence Moov in e inpeortto of set cy scant comet, at einen Te 2 2 ke ET spe te ln rm ie ie He twee mecca - 4.44 Decarng the remote interac be favoked by he let. Te res te ct nste decal 28 publi. {The ecice must extend joa Renate inert {paca med inte nefe must deca ava. Remote xcept, Metis and ern df mst be serie “The mein te emt aes posite Interface HelLotatesta extends Fonte ube steing gettessage(Stsing mane) throws Renotetecept ions “Toe nrnce name Helo etnds Remote terface, The leave ine nae ora So" consis ove method paMesag which throws Renter aoe rtd tbe vod fom he Cen. I ecelves one Sag aguaent x es esing wae {442 implementing remot Interface and Ropstering remote object “Te RO ert and inplemenaion ae campetely separate. Te med vod yt ‘Tectin serie tony delrton. The cal perentatonwllrun on ep sree Mi hs inpleweiation scan be mae ble cin by Inking he vasa UBcaneoocobjert css. Topo sola when he server may ps te infra toa cee without receig he equ from he ce Before cet aot te method oks fr an objet in the nevork, Te sever makes an cb veo the ley aeiteriog tee cles with raring service Reps). The way i snl oiming verve tat comes wi TSE, The pres of repsterng an Beta emis ele lndog. The metods ia joa Naming i wed for ating “The cate bebw dw te inplementaton ad regaton of noe. Snport jav.enl-se000."7 spect jaa.cat.talfomeatnLtecept onyUadcastRenoteon "eet Snplenente elie public He1tose Hoserveting()throvs Renotebecepticn, Systen-out.printin(*ceesting cerver object “Mregister into reghatey eLLoserverinp] Relonew Hel ertertel Naning. febind{ "emi: //localnaneet" Re ‘Syaten.cut-printia("Servertindy , caton Renotebxcepticn ex) ysten.outprintin(*Erzoe"vex.gothesrage , catch ie fonmeatatexception ex) t systen.out.peintln(erorex.gettessage())) ‘Save the above lea HelloServerinp,jova. This class implements Helter and give efation ogetMesage. I alo cont the code to register the object in he eis. 443 RMI Client ‘The client hasto ook up in the reir onthe server's chine and obtain he eee he object listed under the speifed name. Th lokupQ method of rmijva.Naning eas lost the remote object on he specie ost and por. > Naminpdosta mis : envi same>") ‘eit # 82 te intmaon ge Hn) metodo pi ete a em cM Inert Meo accel) BT tog negeecter gtNa3H ("38 Syote.out pristine) og. Seep (ns /Peclbost y caten(amotebioeptin ex) ‘ syste. out pinta "Eerr"ven-gOesen20(017 1 catch aitorneeusnception ex] ‘ ae 1 xtc WotBounsbxception ox) ‘ cot.piatln("Eecortbesgettessaae YY Syoten.ot.felnetat'Eexor*tex.getessage i ,126 Aowec Jun Proounens T 1 ove pest Eero". guiessage(: ‘atch tet goxmeauRLEnception ex : ’ Syeten.out.printin(*Erzox"vex.gettessese( ‘ ve {etch lotBoundException ex) Systen.out.printin|-Ereor"ex.getieseage()); ) ‘The thread has vo be implemented o execute the server invoking poses continous a [as RMI OVER INTER ORB PROTOCOL (I10P) 1 tn ep OA op eet oe i a md ton en eo se Spuiiieceearelarsche grineaemnee dat eeomcresbe spe ete eat wn er aes IE Oc eesyepy Co Nene ae gg ve ar alt ea seine rr tae eng eee Soe cs Hoe net teamic hese Coes sei i ce Soe RS Soe St aie raat ae ‘Summary «+ RMi iste action of invoking the remot interface ia remote objet. I FPHTS BiG Sonos tbs Ronen earner mene oR Cli Seto Reith 80 Rep ta oa eae to «Resa oteeaiyenee Serer ae ‘Skeleton is the server object «Suh ite cline represetng te emote bt nese the one nee ine and obsinte efeene 7; +The rene ners dee th mend which ca be nok by de en ‘nplemeton cs of ems etod ean be mde isle te et yin tte rar Unestenon Objet ls, 1 The RM tia cn be ova, apet, ert 08. + Insome apts he conversation maybe stared fom ee of ene i ‘Teaformmion an be cota puedo he Sve. “+ Roll eabls te comuczatn betveen Be compan men ely a, i dare ay elemsre tothe ta tater. RM we Is Res ‘Medi Pecest ORMP) 0 commie between ra propa. + CORBA eales de’ cnmualeion bemeen died compos writes tere nner, bt rue atonal dinate opovide ua ana ‘om one guages ee, da IDL. CORBA ues ner ORB Pra IOP) ‘omni bereen dtd plo. ect Mees Woon In, a Review Questions and Exorcises ‘Waa esd sho? ‘Wha tee dtarenes eoeen RM af COREA? ‘Whaat conponens of EM? ‘Wine ie xin sibs ad eaeoo. : Whats te work a mang et unmaalig i eer ever cram ‘Whats Remotes? Why ils hand Ia RM based apliaos? ‘Woe tos RN Rei, ow the RMI Regi ces bythe it inode aces tet met 10, Whaat ie reason eveea RM at OP? 1, Wee progam sng RMI implement he ube or 12. Wee progam sing ROI plement te eel,cuaprens = ye AT. ZO Introduction to Java RMT [About this Chaptor: nascent su we Ilse te Rent ol lovin (Mab ire beans Mates Pale een wo tie inert fer emt end eocion te. Objectives Nel dt open Oneniewot Dein netics [introduction Tene eho sion RM par of ae Deepest Ki al rns dard oprenons Dae sens requ compas +r ten pce pyc deen maces, ete TER & ADVANCED CONCEPTS IN Ri. ‘Secuty ara jision id Pros ‘Objet Seat mn Tene eee ois towessto rant nte = si cf ter resem psy ‘va Oe Sato Pro - pare cae The plates npn miso ene pe | ee conmancual mone ra Via Bache ano the we eri yar rons devel te ded apican ye RL Teena ess heh isl plan tate spl poste spam pea xcpn inane ani spcwnis dvies in jes. The cbs coma i theough an inte. This inate ised to cess the remote choc 8 ts methods. sreeetrabeary ae nyse e hiner fh chest cioanai ae ay emt ete ve cin Tedrdnp te Gabe EX. a application using RM we have to follow the steps given below. Dele beats teeing eres (Couple nefaes ant inplemetaions wih he ve copier ‘cong tre ingens wit RM comer ue RM ei ne sgplin. ilcarer fae eee eee ems Pte Cal RC), Mert’ Debt Cnpne etl OCOD. {Common Objet Retest Broke Arete (CORBA) nd aches bi fea Fest we wil loo tte need for ing» ined spi. Nood for distributed application nacenent inthis apeston we have recone aint te wae pps sfermains to ehange since ach th nto end onwt. Heae, we “fst apesce wich he apltin ied n t cl ebyveen hc Gch objeto cmponent may have einer ter ober congnet We mime chngestoa parle witht ating ober eA salen ite compte bet tat has bese cane. an Fg 2 Dh ee, ‘Traditional Application Bei etd afin we ea dor remove pre-defined compen fom be N tal coset jt nf sing tion mero eerie acon. pein vi ein ah Ste Fet3 We dere epeaon psn oh atic and skrun hen we can bth theese. The useing 3, ans pos tet thee penton en ecm el tu: ae. Th anion ein nt to gen Fg A ricsion ition ny ‘Wien wee ems adv tego, we canes hs Spry, The et Pr (ale nd eae ogy eee et. ‘Freer epee lei We wow mare at iy ine leper Theebjs ta Ge me bene om the ei, Te ‘hj come reg Obst Regt Brat (ORB), Wien we devel ‘Set opens sing RL Gentbecnecon be rode y RM "Den ientartd when we ete Rn elo spon Hee edo te ‘nT commen eee eb te pled inlet mci enn Fas1 Adtecs o9022 Paste m0090 Sytem a Ss Pets Inde ig. 15 obec 8 mans commie wie cea cin el on) je A Ie objet erp ne Rega oy ‘OnDrepsy a obecth te ban of aba As BAD 2DuNead. pa owe comma wi hej Bagh de a nde oe dae aston oie. ‘Thema cmos cba agp ed owas cot fe as see rend pr. Thesnerie eins mache ht cote na Tecten abe ed in leet machine diane te ae eet. Tce cin ute eee ees etl eee seed Ug mo ‘esp be RO ise i communion Vins aa pion sd helio ef be. ace needs ein ebony om. Once he std spin seed Weenie seat any Adres of cd plone: 1+ Cony ne One bjt crenata sgtiton canbe ed year ene fr tons a + Lesine @rsee-Weeus etn component ro mpl ad we + Cee id as cog be capiyleceie ptm Cova ipee Sean dea beetle iin sfasajeat wad at tops nguca th eo phe sotemm atom asrguoae eee] Example etn cers cogent Oc Nn ey he MS we ‘nt nnpactwtint pr A. Points to Ponder oer |. When op ded seen ag ML heen cep rely OR 2 Trot el penn caneoe lyea 4 Ina i jou arin lawenas | 1. Teaches plein iedvdiopareen 2. edad tin row sasee neem ce Overview of RM [tenn tpn pin i incre mnt fet ej, maleate ei js Clapper ree ene muerte seca seo "hen oles teen te. te cht by ich te ceo be sieaconmuies ody ier tack nd oh, itd plone epi bin ene aan bet Te seers he jeep te legit yes ane Pech lotsa te emt sein sees eit aed then inte 2m of eee be Te RM sytem owes essing eve Jar class, yucatan fom cat sere when ded Tar sade 16oS yor oe Arpliion yer ha ond he et ej. Prony Layer eons of wo prs maely Sib an Sklena. Tse eed ‘uss ad amarante ath fered sce he eek “Marin te proces by which we ean cove be va bycoder ine asa of yt an nara th rvene procs oft Subisa pry eee. iacdon th cen sg be sppeton wheres he sens aed nthe seer ero Refeece Lye I get een of yom be an ec eds ioe xyes. rant ye Tee er eponeforhnding esa maha machine é ‘Alternatives to Rl! ‘Wendin inpeenig he dnb pln wi RL nen ‘i cman cl tetween one VM Gi esd Ge ‘jt. We hae stele that oie ees ke legge evil, Tee Sekt, Renoe Pee Cl, DCOM, sl CORBA, We ile het ne seston aga ‘Sockets Stele awd ct common tte muchos smi tb conmuien eee no oc athe ae, Socket a cael trp hich pene cone Wi ach esd came. 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