الكود المصري لاسس تصميم و تنفيذ محطات تنقية مياه الشرب 2017

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gi;Jl .:,t t-- u ,r,-Jl , U. lb r-r.$l ol;. :rii: c,tL- +il
t-t-t
..,i+a.all! . i.ll \ J. rJL ) ;i;r ll *"Fl ::"

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:,--.)i)-e-r/p\.c-..1 ..eLLy-. 1l jCrlFsfJt ,.-,t .j51+^11 a-e} a
.it lt ,i-rr. .,-i 6>-.-5i 4jlr.- ilL C e/r \.. .r

,jtr # yb -/r ..1 c:!t .iglt e xl:-l!.!^ll U.Jl i.eJl Jliiy a
. il'sll ..la .,- -l+"1_1.
:Si ;l:--l c$-i .'ll e-.1_J ,!#jlr il.rU :i iull rilCl *,,'L-r a+
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i9--,1.1 iJr1.-" al.rii*L iiCl .;L-' .s r..-Jl iJ tlj ..-,j:Jl
K ;Jl .4ts ri;: Jl Jo .+:.ll d.'.,J 'i; :='-r"r Slil +.-..r.+ ...+: a
rysn Jt tr.it aS.,--l ,-.,p-,!ll rJlisl+ i.-t!l j-ei5:t , i..-E a,l.! -)sl
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.ai^re l:JJ .r--.Jl . U tl1 ,-rJiJl
Minor Losses = :K*ryr/2g)

i.,$j'r rlleJl cltî..b. i'l,p I-l
5r.Cl Cr riJijl \-t-r
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'(eiolt
ssJl crLJS. l-t-l
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-,.=dryff
. il:ll , l- ;ll L_l_r lu
I..; .r-! .:,r-.:t .,:Sf
iJJl c.llL- u G-Jl ' ir. tb

-.:llt .t+" i.rii: ritl.-. \,ls
ai..a:lt u..i r-r-r

;'-!"y:..'1-^ ill :L.r)l rt'-:1 glrJt :6t..611 1.,*+.#El.tt d-ll jJl C-.:
.)l=:ll '.&Lr .F_X elllr Er-ll .i-l+ ;Jg+Jl
ttr ill; gJi,.-l]. .,:(-.r-, 3rr *;
(Distribution Chamber) gij,Jl ji r-Y
;sJiI u. &JiJl l-l-l
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is3Jl oLi3Se t -l- I
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J-,*i -.Js;..-L*Jl ijl .urll
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eidl-'+ (t-I) ,Js-
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Gjljll J,-ill L-u iu
t-.;,.,*! 1-2*-.tt lSt
g;rll olL--5,r-Jt ' .r -t5.-.,.J.iJl .triiilqlt^-. r;i!
l+!.4:ll U,,,4{l f-f- f
. J'r.4 o a1o :ri Y o-,1,l"s o
ill. .s) ,-/6 ],c - .,1 .x U C_:!s gJti#l aiirii J-._,!..,s.!.o!l i-c-.;, o
(eirill ;a ej-ri J$ L.:-r :l-r. r9i ijL-tt a.l'
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r.:t +:t ..:L.j.,;.jl (Flash Mixing) g-,,r,.,1t lSlt crS: t-!
L\-rl l._.:-
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!l Liit.lt lJr*lJt ,l! :,.rJt i:ul .ri,..L! r+
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.
L;J+J ,._xl+. e-Jl
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c.r
J+ Jri-li ,9lSll esL:l ;;S;l -*lx .,. ill 1jJ.le, rn i.-rlt 19- ;FJt qrrilt
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: Lj.:rl'J4:lll
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e..l*,
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";-i+ 'Ult
ef! eU;;il+,,,rJl ,,'t\i'\ CtJ*S
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.(r .-Y J*,) elill .!Jl e. Ll:.r! +li)l 4J-c
rr
dUl Jn-ijl J.rrr e+- ,,"-! O*-.tt .,rSt
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i *s :..Jjr--!l :,rtrrll 3r.:i1 .+'r-- i+ <
P: (Safe(v Factor: l.l5) k p n3 ds

n here
p: is the water densir)- at 20 'C - I 000 Kg/ml

d: is the propeller diameter in meters
n: is the number of revolution per second
P: is the theortical Power in Jrsec (watt)
k : is impeller coefficient
:.ra
.J e.c;Jt 6:s i+ .i'!.- a..,:
G=(P/pV)z
where
G: is the velocity Gradient (s-')

P: is the theoretical power input in (Jisec) (w)
V: is the tank volume (m3)
p: is water kinematic (dynamic) viscosity. (p: l.l4 x 10-3
kg/m.s at 20'C)
Kinematic (dynamic) viscosity : (Viscosity / Density)
fo
Gj$ll JE dl L.:.1iy dd ",-! ,g--lt .JSJI
4s;Jl
.:,lt -3 ,-Jt . U. t5 .-Fll 't+ irin cJlL-. !/ijj
(TurblentFlow) .-.-,$":,g)l;i()- (&) :s*-, dr +L, p,

6.i-:x
"
:,J1 'u5 I . . .. ,-,1e (&) ."+ + si
dzn
Rn
u
where
Rn is the Reynolds number

d is the propeller diameter in meters
n is the number of revolution per second
p is the water kinematic (dynamic) viscosity. (p - 1.14 x
l0-3 kg/m.s at 20'C)
.f.3.i - i-i - ; (tr) ,J :j<i.iii'rl i-.#lr (p) ,'':-ll {i'5S ul! -r+ jJl --.+rr
.3JlFl
i3l.,pJt ir.-p +Cri}+l itJ.tl 4+$St
toC ( p(typ€o c)) '
1!(0/r(20 c))
Y to.
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T il.r
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1 1q[. 1011
r1
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d-,: ,.r-! .er-tt f$t
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:!"Jt -,p*,,13,"Jai. d !.niJ i3.6. ,1rr;-,L t^trtt t-'\-t-t
i gtL.,.i:tt -r" -5-.r.,-il "rj'li -,J-!. ii J! =i.)Jt ;lJi- JLf +:i:ll a--" *
.,,,l.ri ,-r* ;:+.i.il .ll l!_eLgJl ;jr i C- C)tr ti,J,_l i' Y 3:l! .,,t. tl
=
( r i-r is.:)l ) +riXl "2;,-L J -rry -Di- _r.
Pr.ssrl]c Cuaie Ch.:::::<:l l'c<,dr:rp

trlo'.!- 'r,
orL aortrcl Yi,l':e
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l'j-r. illl:' i'ri-- ,'cn9 cI li-iur! i

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t]: c:t:.',(.\l :.:. a
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L i_JJ aer- a
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gs:tJJ.rrj L\r 11 r- \ - ! - I
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(Parshall .lLi;! ;rtj;!;i (Throttled valves ) a.!' cJL"L^.- Dli -iJ*-rll JrJ i+iii
ili cau.-ll ,J -,,!.r$r.fl Ll.ll .:rri lil - rSJqt+dl Llrll alsi-l iS+l .flumes)
:u
Gjut J-iJl L-l-.:
d..; ""-! .5r,-"tt 1St
6i-.!l .:,tu-._r ,r-Jt , rr. .L. i.i::

t9,J.-,;..i.Jl r--rlJss- i-r;tr
iCl rrc't ;..J1 a.-i ,,F: edl d .i& Jr. Lili rc. ;. r..,)si '! -'n
..1..il e-!r.
6vt1q!tJ \{+ iJ",-ll
Static Mixer g{r.:U-,Il Jdsjl t-\-t-t
k-.li:* Jlt iJ.-. .,i ;,;'Jlrll +:rtl .,.i i$I':-Y! .:i)Jt r:i:;
..-,-i-:lr .r+.
"*
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' .J ^' i ,J 'l! !J.: !s-rc .-l-*i *il, (t i-Y)r (1r-t) p-l ,Js-:Y t e''''v:a tJ
.':Jl .,.l - L3.r
L,.-. G4 L^" (Turbuilentl +! i;'.i J! (Laminar) 'li;
Ji,;.
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L\Ji (t r-r) JS-,

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;t.. -- "a' - -'r-
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4+'Jl J+ .a.'rlill irgilll J.-Fl J '$r-'tl <9S.! 4{Ii-)l ::t)tJl *'-3

'..".
rr+'L:.'i
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'.5-,p)r oSl:-+*llJ r5r^'+'rrl L\:'\l ':'J\Li & +L ajl'c J! ;'+lJl
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., UL;'.-: -*s,1s:>2..'lr-...:1..^.os*,a-)l-L)Jl er..ii p u_11 ,Si .':,^ -,\l

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Jl ArL;)'e ,.'cJ
.4rU i+l
Floccu lation Ta n ks,-,,.-3.!.li,.;b,rt o-Y
irr3Jl gr oiJiJl l-o-r
!=: . ll L_eijt .i' "__tr

tt
F-- +i. ;1,-, S-rJt .=-rJt
;il..r ,.rl$t
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ll .f'rj;ll *"; _'-n)i!l
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(Flocs -i''tt1 .:!':-.r-j:.J-'.li
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e-,,*Jl cri-,.-j+ll le -L -,rb -r\i i-' 1€ids .\-13 .. ,: .'Jl, C^.+ Yt rr,+ l€ ' r.J 6*ali-r
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.,,,\;-,lt
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Baffeled Channel +;JLi- il3i J .11!'" '-.Si- rr-.a
; Jl-Jl i-,is) ! :.,i.-,)ilt .-!i.i-..:j L.-.ll :j lji ,.-.11 :+i!i Ll i-Gr<i -ll ;.rr-,)ill
J; ]J r-b Ll$"il iJl :.-+.-;r,{l L,.a;,: J"+'*i.ii JS:tt i!!:-,.* r-t --i
"1!l E-r::1c -P;r., J'3itJ'€1.n "si-...". J:JtJi Jl 6-F J.l,- J:Jir.:i!j-; -;r-
ar \l
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-+.'r
'
-;lj.'l J !r.r. :rii J "-^l 4l-irl .- -)ill ',. .,,+-!lr a:jlr il9-Y a+.r:-
.-.i
''i+J gjitJt
ililt 3o',6 ji i,-Lll .J. ..rl .',t- - ,!..Jt
J-:ii :j-rll:ll ,i.;Pil-e ,,:,-Jl
.
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;JrJ'll nEJS. -l-o-l
:qJUl .-Ltll :.'L rlil:,.,,1;-'ll + iJ,*ll tur .Jl o^ LFF
.i:'!-.r1:=. ! ul a-,]it: .Jib.+ t.,.jj ,-,,!L.- g!:l:1i<il-u':^ a
rl
iu
L_Lr
t-.; ",-! O,*lt +St
r:JI .ilt -..-.Jr .iJl. - t.ilt .L. iriji crll-
i,;r.
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.(is-r) .ir.,);.11
1!i ;,611 JftJl
.:t ltrri i+:t aliJr i,)Jl .-,lr cJL)iJl . \
'':- i-* iL)! 'I

.i,j.rr_.-.:
i j'.rX .r
Jt a-cF-I
Inr"t) r ;.in -"i.!c.i . jL).S
:= r.
j'=- - ir<,,]<j il it r-;tiii j;S:n a
c'"r+5j1 ,L-..-.'1':i -J'..,-\ S+,,r .iY!,,' a-c--""- j!,ii.5.,. J..l (LL,-i {-!l
: r-,i,,]l a.j:'.."IL
P- CoAp(\'p)r/2
P : po\\'er imparted, KW
CD : paddles drag coefficient
p : denisq of fluid kg/m'
A : cross sectional area of paddles. m2
VF :relative velociry of paddles with respect to fluid, m/s
(JjElt J,aill J.. ;; t; ,,-! 6g"-"tt
"rSt
ijl .:,U".-r ,rsJl U. l! .,
U
:11 otr. 'r:t-. c,.,lt - il.!
Dwe m'lor S+Jin*r{aim

ind gea+r beEi
n
rl
lnf,uent irom
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C;a-:latec Perisatec lra': Pinlt

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ijl crlL-.r ,.-Jl , U. lb ..Jîll .li.4rii c,lr - +il
er.a:Jt ,r.,i r-o-r
ar.,,,iii ; .1r,riJl .:tJ)i] ,lsi.rl 4Jlr,i <
'-o A. - r . ,r, L r.ir:,l G value ir. Jl z ':i r

4i+ : ' -Y . .=,(-!i
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al7
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ii riYl C- r./.:! '\. - : :j.".]l :pi .
j. r- \ .-* r_CL,'eJl ;."c o
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i;Jii : ' -r. -:l:l ii a
.;i,5:/r.il
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3 J! I i +!+i 44 Jl a
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j- r- Y i _,-:J;,r.Ji jr.c. a
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4+Jl 4-.' .-\l Jr jJl'ill . -i--ll
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.. iJ; ^ll i-''r-*.:s alL.ij jiLJ -irJl -f33 L3JlJl
Hydrulic mixer: P: Q. Y .H
P : power imparted
Q : fluid rate m'/sec
Y : specific weight kg/ml

H : head loss in mixer, m
i\
iEll , l. ^xt L-Ll iu
d-.: .r-! .SrJt .,r$t
4.:../l
c,11 -y , iu. 15..-.,J.,i,ll .t]" irii5 crt.tsj \i;--
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it.tp.si i*,,,L u! i-,Lt.r.J:lqr i.t .il,t,.,* Jilr'lSrlqrr.l
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3y,.aJi :t,t '' :-o-i
iLJts..l ii.}.ajl
G:(P/FU''2
G: is the velocity Gradient (s'r)
P: is the theoretical power input in (J/sec) (u )
= Cd A (Vr)r i2 : Fd Vr where Fd is Drag Force
V: is the tank volume (m't)
;.r : is water kinematic (dynamic) viscosiry. { p - 1.14 x 10-'' kgrm.s at
20 "c)
Cd : Drag Coefficient of Paddle = I .00 for flat up to I .80 for angle
A: Area ot'Paddle
Vm: Ir{eal Velociti of flow of water: 0.45 - 0.7 mis
Vr: Relative Velocity of Paddle to water .Vm ,'Vp
Vp - 2 (2217) r ni60 where n is RPM and r is Cisctance from shaft to
cenier of paddle.
C2.,1&J1,:leiiJl .+A,,.ai
G gStH / trtr
o gravity constant (m/sec2)

p density of water (kg/ms)
H head loss through basin (m)
p is water kinematic (dynamic) viscosity. (p = l.1a x 10'3 kglm.s
at 20 'C)
ir
sjul Jrîll Ll iu
Hd iJ,-! ,f,Jl r,St
iJl crlL-.r ,r-Jl ' U. l! j'.ilt .t+".+:: crlL^ -

,.-,. iJ;t'.
T : retention time (sec)
H=hr+hr
hr-LV2/C2R
L length of mixing channel (m)
C (chez_v coefficient ; =79
R Ilydraulic radius (m) = wet Area of channeii wet perimeter
mean florv veiocity (ni, sec)
ol
:e.J:,-.:i ;',-",i1 ;S+ gUt a,-..)," ;-tr-L .ti,,l.l ,=3 A. o"Jl uL/-,l r.:_.r4_:
h: = 3.2 *a* 1v2 / 29\

t n: No. of 180" tums.
(Clarifiers) (!i+rr]l) 11dl &b.i 1-t

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Solids Contact Clarification irl:Jtr ':.-r'u':rb {rr. JJ:JI crbusl 1-1-l
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Mixing and
Reaclion Zcna I Elnuenl
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,- r.ro -5.])
..v !J-jl L|."_il! u"EJl o
;* Jl.-r >tFl i* U'- i$ .rb ,_s_:,:; l-Jti^_, Li
i
t
I
c,i:+= j1;Jl c'u*lr^ s
Li.l AliI"ti, Ln!.3J1

-9DJ
,-ir .,li G1- -r.ll J.ljJ aXL. L.ltli o1;. ^t- o
*l' rl'r r. - Y . .j.,Jl "1+ i:.- o
ef'71'7v" - oo : Ll.*Jl o!9 tJ.-- .
(nq.UU, s!rl) "*l'*'Jl r!,,iJl

crt'q, r, -Y-v- I
! ''J: orl' -";$Jl .l;jl

J) "v .1. ; rLJl i--.;: 6;]2- , (Temperature) Q.r ; ,]> o
cjr,- .-rr tcdJl 6_e-s:_e;,Fl oL,', !,i!^ -ik 6-!l ;,tX ui ',:-) .L-#
(+r:f aiY- ;-]:Jl +'._.p, e+iJl
.(NTu) !'-.r \Y . A_i ,p"- 6. : (Turbidit_v) '"ri(Jl o.-.-p .
.( mg pt/lit) i,'.,r \ o . F; -e-- ,;* : (Color) ;_.6.'J! ,tr"t1 ,1 .
.-i.iiFL l.-c. : (Suspended Solids) ,-Sjl "$L <iJiJl rl_eJl o
.LLi'e/'e \ Y-1 : (Rate of Filtration) eilll rJ:'- '
.'r<Jl ,1JJl 6 o/otr-t : (Rate of Backwash) ,-J,,^Jl .tt" gG." o
o+r tt_r.,--l ;5a : (Recirculation of the Backwash) }Jl .!- tt;i-! .
.&Jl .U.J ,,'; y,r a1r1.. cj'jLi .r n,. ;) al.-i,-liJl "tr "r" "t+S
a#Jl Jl:,1i I r,i,* ,rt/ ;!L Y. - t o rr* a-rîll eO.<i"t C_ilx : a.ijl d\i"l c
.,1JJl a.rclpl tilJ +.iJl 4+-1il1
\ Y.-1. 6- 1.-r: ' t|

'b+ll
dD.€i-l .1.'- 6-rlA : t}-.Jl c!:cl eDqi"l J&- r
,!.Jrdl cD+i-l J'-.';:.:l+i '-',r.r-r.rr,-/te\... a".- ,llslt -o'-Jl
"iFy-il
."Fl a,r.. y .rJc,
\.r: ,:.-t1
t,.
.rF
;$l d,-iil !r_Fr e+* ,*!.er-"tt
"rSt
gll .:.,11^-.r r=-ll ,'r.^t1,
-rll .1+tuix61L-^Lin
.,,.-<ll Ji^ll i-L c.,!, \ o : e L;r*Sll eDk5*l LJ&- o
.i";*%rr.o : jL;Jl 6:Itill cj.u- r

.-Y. . . ,Jl ..1 a^ s++Jl 6.1:Xl 6;1* : eiJt &;f *+Jl 6.1sJl .
("rtY)
Membrane Filtration i*ilU Jr. Cj$lll o -Y-V- t
j6l! .ll-
"L;Jl O_" a-i;srll :lrjl J:.-i 4-j$ll i+--iiY'+ e*'
,,,-r lt^\l
;; e
ell.S-i .kJ!l ,,,ri]^ Ji i1-,,;Jl/el..,.=il a,-,o. ,, f-rJ qL .IJj-i ''rlJ=3/'r€+iL..i ki$I On t:

oi-a gDJ...-_.1 ,e+-,i,1yJ.ifl/ '\--=ji :+IJLri', ,.\l a-;r)l+ grl -:;\1 ass. /u"LL
.,, !; :! Q4,i.1i,,,rit-Jl ,,u,il ;.r2*:
.',..r sp\.-,1* i$y I # 6:-!l e-,-..- 3"1
)r4 e*,)J.r+'-;!l Lu. D-i'*,$! ,-.;-4 e--+,''J-l e+--,Jl "+.-"i ]j+
.(1"j+- + t*:t5i ,,,.rlL.ll s\-;#! rL,=Yl
"i; "t-il.
,-U lL^\l
e-ilrl !i--.:Jl
Dl -r-\l ..--lc i .J'!
,a-L.i.;Yl o1_=3,+J. /u"r 'J _,
o
4-J"o e-"sxr ,41-:ll+lflL*;Yl ir* Lr+.- Lr,.LLr ar4. r,., illi i+ ,t-#J.1. /l{+fL/i{+"x
: -L u"5 4r-,.,., , q l;i !...., ,1 . il L.:iny L Ni 2..r.i nll 4+
J.
iv'ticro-filtration ,GJl
^j nll -\
(-x;-S:^ \ ' ,Jl- ' . r ) cr ,:Llill elj ,1."-)re 6t:i.!! illi +i\ 3-r
Ultra-fiitration dilGll e+.:, nll -Y
(,x:-.,5*^..r ;l ....1)"*c.,LG^li c-,!i.1*)! 6\,:.jJ1 illi 4l){:+J
Nano-filtration a-6_Jl
;1- 6g;fl -r
(-r -r:s+. ... , t tJ .. . . . 6) u- 6LliJl ,:l: ,L,,=)! c.,,U-;':ll illi +$-:' 3'-.r
Reverse Osmosls o-xJl 6,:1s.ll -t
eGtilli (Nano-filtration) +S:ll Jt- gi-!t rr^ )s l-:ar.-,

Reverse ) ,€*<.ll
Dissolved a-illll e)-"!1) .Ldl qr- ul:ll c,E;+ll/at..,,=. Yl ulY (osmosis

;El J-ilt l._r_,,
! td u-) ,tJl ijsll
i-Jl .:rL- .r , .-Jl GlL --lill '!^ qi:: otL- - .r,ri:
ijllJl rl-."')l t{j;Y ,jiEll e+-tff, Afrff e+::,,ill ir-^ )S a'r-, , L,:i (Solids
.. *JL ; rr+rJl +5,c;Jl,
,Jtp L;-:- ol: clt-.:^,Jl etr-,=--sJl g*tlsl! i-6rll JL- e+!t o! Lr"":
Low ) ,..:rl.iJl e;-)t! JDsJI e.,-- J:ll ,.,L dq]}+ L ;:1*i ,. iJLi]! JsrJl e+-: nll., tuJli"
. (P ress u re Mernbrane Filtration
ll I'
i C, Eer'!ic compounds
ii
Di:isolved salj.a Organic mar, cfi otecules Ai.3ae
Ca, t4g, Na
Viruses I Eac{er-.a
Prcdozcan
parasiles
0.o001 I p
llll I
O.1 ttm trl o m
c. r_l
l, lr |1m
! I
Peverse I
I
osmosis I i
FIarlo
tiltlation
ilili I
Uita
fihraticn
Micro
filaration
Sacd
fittration
e*iJill Le. eil tr+ kjlll + t,ll 6LLid1/p1,.+Y1 o*t3.s Le. g ga.$ 'ugr-
4*j.;lq
jlilr J-iI :*.
L_r_.1 iy ..r*:r , rrSI
".Jt
ijl 6lL- u,r.'-ll , .J. -lb -Jill .1+ a+in,:lL-- lrin
,+ ^ll L,--l +iiYl cDi a+a!t g!;;i d,++ q,,ltL *lLiJl gl3' ill '.---*, )J
:6''sji.Lilb +1j,i-l
NF i5 6:rille.uill MF &iilCJ.:uEll
fu-1tLll r...3 Lt
s."!dl e+Uilb
RO UF djlill e+{,rllr L,
&lLJ- l! -1-ill ,L- a.t5

,;Jl
.,1-,5rSb 6L-L''.1!r 6lbJl alli
allli ,aJLJl JLYI ,1j., + r.riti:l
Li.6ii i,,']l
e+"ylt
::s- ,'rri i-.,1ii
c.U- j+lli.'r*-Yl
.i-,ilr -)-y:L^ p{ aill &leii g.:
Dissclved So lutes
Pa rticles
{j!l
,' '!r- r., c..,tt .-_e _1t; .!-
crllri iJL JLi ,1+. .aJU L; ;-,J-,L-
.l cl.-tl .p.a.. i-s. jJ
09 (rDS < 1000 mgll)
TDS> 1000 mg/l
TOC> 10mg,/l
Splral Wound Hollow Fiber Ir .dl 99;
''ur'rl fuUI i*;
50- 99 % 99.9%
r5tlil ?JitL.ll
el'i.r,:ll E.a!
6- 14 bar 0.2-2.5(bar't
(JH +i#tl .....lrlL.lll
g-J..a1l d$3Ji dra.

1-50 30- 170
('Jl'qjq
irtr:..tl i+,i
50- 90% More Than 95%
(Recovery %)
iJlsll i+d.61
0.'1 NTU > +Jl"ll al+.I{
t{+t,
(JjEll LlLill L_u ! fr .rst
"r-!,JJ*JI
ijl 6U-r ,',--'ll ' , ^lL.-,J,ill .L. iJii drll" \ldii
.*. 3l! li1t ,o--sJt g-.-l.:olt +,ir! ,+-j^.-11 ,$::ll cj-r,- # ,JLXI J:':ll e..:.:u LX
:1{1::.r. s. JILJI 61J.ll
('tlbul;Jt (rlux) ,psll j.tr.. DbJl 1-c. Jj

g.5.-qa
qrj-a D L.
ti-A c..,U.;o-",
-,,'-+ ,E
lA-\r iJL;l-,i o'1,.
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|-,-
i:e ec r:Jr-.cel]lrale clanitel lvas:e sirSar':'r r-o,ri:ir.rng

Fetd siregril imperre abl€ L:o -i-Dcr:e I is i
tccqcanlrz:e )
I i:er'n]ea',e a;l rit-'nel
o", c", P>

Selr,rpr r r-neabie
l'rerrbiane Froduct sirea[x ci.'r,rtairtir.g
pe|nreabie compon€nls
ipermeate)
FIux (F) F: OlA

Recc:,ery (R) F: (Qp1O) x 100
-iait Passage [SP) sP- {Cy'G} x 1CC
Salt iel+,:ri:n {SR) SR: 1CO -.SP

Diffe, eflt;al P ress..rre (AP,;-) APt: Pi- P.
:dJJr
Tlrnl) 'r'r"11 'Ssll i-r"-

F
(r
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VT
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e;ie)J;.r_.1!ll LILJI J+ll ,1;Jl ur LILJI .1!1 ;r1;;l a+; R: 'A-
(*/'l) c*)'C) .;|iltiJt- ;r1ijiol, \1, u ^', Qr
q&).J a:;!_eJl i+lt- 11i.Il ,l+Jl dl aJtll ,!Jl os 6)..Y1 :.g SP
(JiyFI^) i+ll,ll '-lrJl os g)-Yl 'rS; cP
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g,;t-.Urll ,.lj.*i Otr.' . t-V-l
r. -Y . Jr 6r!ri .s.J! uLnil .+ .r!l ,[Jl ,}rJ qL ii;All , U 1 \\-J a
\:. a;i "r.;; f&: a:'Jj] Li.,J., L:.;t1 Gk:J-r C,!l &jf 61- il I ul'fl'e
ei^.ll gtilr JeJl eL"..', L3;*.
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gJ,Jl ;Ll (J- -)i+11 JF.L=Jl ...r&; ol--;-.p.li ,r-:;!l ,fliJl (5--i
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.LF,;- jll u.'ril Llsl: ruJl Slg;,Qxlozzles)
e e4" -1lr-sa ra.::e ,-i*-ll Lrji^ll ;.LUl ol;-l"J1 :r- ,,,1,.,= Cp '-A a
4I\^Jl el.t.,,;Jl r-,- Y -":.,o-Jl 6lL--X fu-ul

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.ajlrll ; ej-r Y; Ll,'-ilt ; e;_x \ tl 'i I k r$ ia.i
r..u iu
sjrxl Ji-il1 #i u*"!,tJl lsll
ijl 6'L-.r ,=,ll , u tl, ,-,.
J.ill .1J" Gn 61L-. +i.i:
c,l:A.l.c! lbit5l .riti g. t".
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rJb ir1- .u.rl +,.,i &lr. r.}l .r-i ,,U.'"ll .!r i#5 d,l t- . (53 \.r: ,-Jl ,b+il d.,i*+
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g-,;Jl c.tL- , ..--lt , i. -t5 -. >ttl .tr Lii: 6lL- - \r:i
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crt l"JiS.,ll LE^ - ll u'':ll ;.l!Jl 4+Jl drr.rlsl;,:,n-L\l .,lt o L:i,11

':S,"J!, "trlrJJ'li
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JJI
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ii.--jjl U,,*i '\ -\-A-Y
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sjElr dLill Lr-.r i: #-d .r-! .sj,-Jt .JSt
iJJl 6U-.r ,.-Jl , u. lb
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r..,,.
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sl+FJl "ullsl! -i
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,UJl 6lr lt i!.- rr .Jtll }i j Sli .-iL-bJ ,lJ JL ;:-.-.ll +ilUl rple
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LJSfI .J.s _,S-r.
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1, - +'n f . .r.j+Y GlS,''ir,,.,q!1 a-il-Ll J.,i.r-"rs,ll
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L"J!.dl JJ&]I -,"i
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6_i*" l{+
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Gjul JLiJI \_t t1: ta r*!.g,-Jt .rg1
iil .U=.r...=-:t ' 'r. t5.--,,.11 ,L- igr otL-- i*
(CT)lleb e.*L r-'\-^-y
u"iiall cJr e-'!rll j ,ri$Jl LJSII

'+j ir" dS -.;* d.-L -eL-.
9 CT Jl
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.t',.i/c- l,o ip t]i,) '1J1.,,r+ll lKll -,SJ;L.-iL-rrî-.;.:Y' -\o1-*LE3$
CT = Concentration of Chlorine x Time of Contacl
nryl Il e+; ;1' .+-L.ll CT Lll 4",9 ,...,1 .r otLJl ,Jt-j,l

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e:; il,:I" tuL* Open Position edl C+, d ,FL '1'S,r.',ISJ" .J.n ,t+.ji ''ra;i .+_,
'oJ:lil &, -,J;hll &E
i'-"S-_i a''iJl 'e:Jl r,c .,-,,J+Sll Jr,;:ll lrJ
4-!-
-'€Sl C .rL _,,.\!
aA d++- (t::^\'L * .fi) u* '.€+ )Ul r1$l aA u$. ,i No load LJ^=xl ilL .,g
.4+ ir ji t i,5 JS G* Lp
"{-Jl u;s
(Circuit breaking) {;!"di rhi - 6
,r, ].€iJril ii,;L, le .:^. ^:l U$ (cbs) rtjlll ellJ .j_F.

Esjl UlJl !,..ill 6!16 J,-il
J,,n ,J , LJi-ill :.,. ;:LJl ;,lFi
'Ut) uJ l\ri .. ll '--]l ,,, - '"rl'
C.tlili , it,i,
& .,s --"nJl ,;Jl 9 '*-,1-.1 ,:ll";'#lJl J,.i r.,e;:lrill (ulFl) *"ai
"r*St
Fr &t*J:ll (.J,.i r+ )rFll ,lrri-t'J,)+sll '.Jihjl ,'53 _.rEJl e^.,J +',J:lil etli
. ill J! llrXl l+r,r,r-.-ijl
al"ill "rA l.' G.a -'+i ;l .l_rJl F rE ji""J JJI $ .5]'nl -),.]Jl
eto,
"LrS
ijG 1L,'-1i lrA ,j!.: ,rJl U'Al Jl .l--,-rf '+"' aS"J ! a.) ,',1-,-. , ,E q!\- .,jJ ir-il
''" J4....,1 i'.
6 -ra.L::Ll -^Jiul . .J .51 -,_
*; .r- ilr-ll .:J ,'S-.., L ....,,6i iiiii ,& , 'i -1,
'i'ransient
)..ruUt 2r---.li-Yl ++ lJ^.+ l-, .l 'r-' 13 r*i-:Jl ;r! : o'.i:lt 6,lr
. (recovery voltage
(High Voltage Switchgear) crlLJl t#I dJi,.U 6l-Lo \ -Y-t
,',Il..:'j.ll4eJ^-,,Jc .r-f ;i -iUt .Li;X ,-ljijil ',j*+i oLj 6;i; ,=s

al" =.e!
(4.-rrtt t rB d ;r-e.-d) +.'ll 6Yr--r ,!nl eLF 'lr-i+ e^-i Cubicles '' !,,rJl-ri
elJl J-iI t
, :J d-,j ,*! ,".--tt rrsl
6i;Jl c.,t' - u,.-Jl , 9.^lb +_.,.:Jl ,l+ irn 6ll=" \r;i
,:l:lr;-Yl & 6^ .o.-r-t!, ,rlill .:c*i Llj-J idNl ,-t'y++xu u+r: Jl at-yt,
.a-Cl i^.._.,\J!r 4Jii-il cJ"\sil , tbl.i ,-1.-! Lil.ll
"*
.rii'!b: metal clad ir*.,g-J3-..ri metal enelosed q,..,u e H- drli dr1-r\ll d,Si
,,s 6o!i (-"-,.- ,i; ')r;. ,J ,':rl .i\L$l 4.-;i .j1,4! -.rli.ll c,Y-r.- ;1 rtr- Jl .1;iii
lra :L-i 4+S^j J'1,, ,,':J -o_,jbll
*ly tFi eJ.+ s-r .iill Lrri-,Jl ol.r oL,Il ajt
: +,,:Vl r-i6j!l i'L irl,,î ;p, gtLi.ll
"t*-r:tt
I
s-, !-r.5*
- .,F_i, ,-
.,'!,--!l alr.'',, ,''r'6.11 ell ;* ei:.ll alLl .-,+ 6EL-ei iil.r gL-li a! rir..,1 -
r,,- ..\l li.l t\il ..1 BULK oil c.b. g-Jt ,:;.;,.,-_Jt c.,l:."yl:Jl
Cl$ alt (J3 -
'!5-lrl
IUin. oi low ,',itt iJG.
-. Magnetic air cb q:!a-.ll 'r .+lrill ellill 111^ j -
','-
a:il; oil c'b'
' siiYl il as,,..P
.,riiYl ,..- ui ..-!.)11 .----I Ll .lrr: ,t'+ 4rF 4rti]i +lcl ilL ,=+ -
.1
*lr.tt ;.,- ,r-''..,-,) \4guwn cb i-nJt 3lt c-r ylerf1 C.r.tr Lj1-,:*1 ilt .,3 -
',j1" ;.6:1iJJ &--ill JL;!J
1.Ei ,* ",.,1,,i: LLU r-,=._,6- ,"i"lll reJl ;*
C gj.',tl lra 6E-l $ .tu\r,Jl
dXir e'Cl ,-ai-rr\ 4d-il , !-;.r1 ;t;! ,ll cl_:*-! Ll ,',lr*+ Jltt e.b -
+!-,! ilt A i-,.rllJl olzi;iY!; oLtr;t1 o5-y

-"r:lil
o.o, .- .,r\ 4l15ll
"l-r.!l
.Clull J+i"l'r€lj-. a. -:,r3)l ,',!.:tt 1).i sF rrA;1i.î\! 6ra !1
(lnterlocking & Padlocking) d&Jb gLJl\ -\ -r-r
,Jr-r:11 gr, â J ,l-r!l .b L.,i' i..-lar 4,.,.',-J+Sl ot3Jl ,..pYl cl+,:il| Lt Si:X
!i.r-.,pe..r\\:,-.ue_!.r*::J;Lj,;5il;.:rJ:r":;:
eul J-il| 1., ir t.'i "t-! .o,.-"tt .rSt
6s=!l
otL-._r,.*Jl ' u. t1, ,-,.
_.:dll '$ !ii: ot.L^ -rrin
6i a" sht JA ,.,- ifHl Clbill a.11.1 61-rrll fd e*. j .LtJl ,J3!l ,,,tul1
.lr
.1.,1r.1 ,:LrJJl !,r_i ,,,?ir 1a.iil-) t$J ;J,-r," ;;S t .i,,i l+ig,i_ri t{+.." Js"J Y ell}ll
+ L.- '$Ul o!!.Il Jl L!.-Jill ol;i a;l"j k--A .J. r+ +r'- Shutters a;L-
,'"! Ld:rll ,'.,!r{.-'U & r+ .F &J1,.; k+ r.,:Bl dJi-:,ill '"_F rr" -.,li.\l Clly ..,--
.:,,r-\L,Lslt 6t , ^1\ ,lill ;u!l ;u-:"t r)..:yJl p. e;; ,,, rBbJl ..A ,jln
(Types of circuit breakers) rytrtl ple g$i Y-\-Y-6
,.J'*l ftll .J llsi-Yl e;L:Jl 3l-;)l

="
Oil circuit trreak-er .n'ii 'tiir .c-bE -i
: ,-Jl ,i-,
c.b.
Bulk oil r-il LJ +K -r:& Jl* Cll-E -
Minimum oil c.b. e'',Jl rlli rE C.t1-6 -
. iJjc
.")> r. ,. i {;iii" q CtlFl ".u .rs .,r', .'r,
.rlFr !+; 4.-. tJ aJ
*--r.rlS;;,:+
alt:, cL,._,!l nrg dXr +_x +:)s oL-J.Jl uLp i--_rr t tr_,,) .:' oti gldl l:.r r+-.3
"t
c,l-i:r)U c.i:L;SlYl e-J Lrlr- d1,'--.rr,)l #q d+- ;,-,-,S! -.;=.-u:,-Yl ..,. <,,r<. J
'L-jS
L3s ii.:- cl*.Jl! ar,l': ,i'u..ll LDi ,_rir+gi lliji Li^-. .--! ",,.,.j1 \+l ,Fl 4-,=..!l
f-li JLLl Llilr oL*")Jl -iI;,.,1i , 'rl cP i,Fil Lit: ;.-,,!Gll +lj^"il .r-r J-:ll-r
.r$l et6 .p-:Jl :o tsS ir'";J arc control device .r.'.-ES')l u"J"ll .,s
(Magnctic air circuit breaker) c,*+ui.jl ._#udl -'Ldl *E -+

r€--+ lJo luJl ..',t.-J ,;_xSl l+ Jlo ++ 3. *; 4I& LJ'E: j ..l"ir
,-ru"j.I
-;l++s LJ dlll Jl ,J-l.-rri ,:S.J jrFi-Yl ,---,tdt ,",,.U 9gr Y F A^r -'::J! ,-l-G-xill
L*Jill *-S]t ;i ,-*_rill .x 6,j-l.Jl ,J=Jil.j tL. :13^ rJ. .-. lriill rls"Y L, s.-ESll ,#rll
JibJl 'Ji.+ 61 r i\l LFr ,.53 i:iJtll L,)i+ C^:ri ']s..',J u*'rrtsll ,1"":J-J- J '-_..'l_xSl
dr.ll IJA jU"i lil: .,.,,J*Sll u"rill 4^-.! ,*dl .e:. giib d\- ,jr ,rJ' ': .ru5;11
'\ rl
,rtJl ,t. ilt I.r,"r #..-3 ,-! .9.r"-"tt 1St
iiJl d,U="r,..Jl iJ. lb,-)ll .1+ e.,ii 6lL-. \'ii
,J,:. jlA aii.',

aj1;,! c;J.
.F (_r*"i I .. r,rs,,s) i-x.:Jl +,r-;as.ll o!15.11 iJl- jr
.o.;aSJl ueill i.r--.ril r:t*")Jl .ii."i ;!*
(Vacuum circuit breaker) si,-,!.ll JlxI *E - +

cjr-l ,'r-qs_, l* tJ- 4U1- nL+ Jj -S--. ;lc3 gl'l:3_elt lu ,r.i .:L"J.J| ,',,.3_r
"lCi
.,l' -L',il1 lrI rr--lj.. ",+l .J ASll '"_r= +>Y! C-H r!,--lt 4r'*+ 4t+ 6L*}il
i ,]r-i.]l
, rlr- i]l .j--F) ^J].€ll_,
,
'*).Jl ;a i.l**- ;-pr'- olr.:r.= cr-.,! ",r f*eJl
:31.!.o c), .,-
s"-'rJiii 6!1fu1 ,lri r;-,
. J=lr , .s\S
i'u.=.il ,-9\-r ,.-., s: r-9.=.
_, -
u"JJl Ll.- ,ti.rl -
.4.'l-\jJl
..J..J+S| L","il1 j *.-:, -
",+tli. fJ
Lj)Jl '"J.\ill J, \ *:= .x+ll a. ). :3rs Li upJlll 6t* .t_rS-r
eX. ,-b_r .-i. cl \
;1*5 .Jr,.s;'ES ,r.bi 1_e:J1 1.4 ,-:i=,*r 6f!!t o. u;-r.Vt gqVt a ta:f.,:." ,J. ct'r6Jl
J.+ ldtc. r#lilJsr (t) .}i.,s re-*)Xl i_rr;l\ iJ,Ul -"_$l ;:Lil r+ J+= _r$il cLi
,Ji J) e,i.: Y l.di CIbill lrsl JLn=ll .,L ol.'Jl UJilr ,Jii"Jl ej;Jl :S'5rrrr .,s
4','i .!^ r_r+J

dc ..++ &-> aJJ LJ1*i=! =.:,1 Y; 'i ,19;,-iJl J'"D gli;.t9,-
. tJ rr_L-{-^t
(Sulphur hexa fluoridc . SF6 - cb) djHl Jlirll eLl! -.

A;Sb O-ilt 3.,:. JL];)J.iiE -rnlj Ji^Li.ll ,',u<\l ,,uJ! p,:L j\. .,.le d--.,,,-,J
;Ull hdr o-,u-ll ,',itt,ljrll # u"n;l Ll-,..-} ,! r dlr- L;:- '-,-i _11;Jl ,rii ",
i\ill a.JL oUrli tir$. cs.-E$l u"Fl _.,L-" .r, i..!1 \l '"-FJl ,:l:-,;sJYl .r1 ^'. I a,,"-\-t
i!.iiJl -tjrFll aE i",ir s.,JCl L,r*rill ,:_rr- r+ JjJl ;3i ;rLil i->" JJ g:.:u l.:ey
jlXl LJk iili r.irs5 i {r:lt (SF2 & SF+) a.=.r.: a;:.r-Jnl .-r!1ll uFLi^)
"!Yl
C!"tl o]). .r" t ,-r! y ::c gL-i Di et!il| o" tll lrd as+ dllr ,rl".r SF6 Gl,:Yl
.a.., ilLiil e[)l ,+;.: J.) o+t-.:t 6-er'"-.;l:ll J.-3 6yt' .,s
\f.
, Lill L, ir d-,.i ,r"-! .6,;--tt .1rSt
'rlJl
cl1L..r F.ll , U. ^lb >ill o!-.4+r: 6lL- irln
ell , c.-r.
^
.J!3ll etb,l 14rsr &LJl glYl crlF o+ i,i-.:lL (t-t) d;+Jl Lr+:
cidr li,il C Ls!""Jt Ju ehl$ gl_e.,i c+r fu])ri" (r-t) t'r &+
SF6 A-,rUrt -,r\ilt ghE .n,iill 'Lill r!6 li.-ill Jlj:ll eLt! I Gil.r*ll rbill
ehli uolJ.ll
IV III II
cP Cltill .41 " '.1-, &,lLr +lilr a--r '- :-!l,.rl'':- ;J+Jl 6ll+ll i- _rtrcl;-1ct-j
,r.n ,.L ,L ,Lnll .,!ii _,t+ltL+..,tj"] ,..,r ,rlj )+ J jl- cull i..Li a.l ;f Inductiye.i=
kJ aJs.]J;Jl/l ,uU )lFl q$;r )LJl ;rl)lJl eu! ;JlJ'i.ll tNJ irta Current
rrill uln LIE ii4 uiJ*SJI LJ"Jd! ( lr.uCll .r"CD ;J, dLdi ;r-l
ri !.!jJl +Bl .. L"s .Jl ic (;Jl,sl) qI; Jlsi oF .:lii 4r. e+ lJAr
. ';, .iilr
.J' _,ljjl ; +-]r ilrt c.tur Jc Current _rl+jl cJr-
ot-)Ul .iji- I .J.-' ChoPPing
.Cujlr j Lr\j;l I'ii ;)li ..J.r "t+ r-. y.
Voltage surge
cj f_terll rJ-.nr
usl'-*.!l\l
+lS ,Bd 4L+
J;J
i,ll- (FlJ-]l iJ4 LlFr Djr! 6rr''r*l .J-,- ri 4l ,rA .) =-5 ,-it--i Y
; .>il! Ljr .iJrd.li 4+-!" 4+j,rlil ; .iill r,i. ls .,i,. " ,-)5 _.2' L.JJIorJjJl
qi--rj l].l:e!-rl i"-
C!3++l;.,i,. Cl,! ." "rsilX 4li cllr G.lr Capacitance
!t!,risl;.r. ;JIJ,j.ll;rJe \ )! qi..)t ,lrllt
-
,u'-rJJt i,ljc )J ss L.JJI 6rjj,I dlJ !)l_;ii "dJ. anl. Jr .n
J!11&rslr Ll-Jr llr:ll iE
.e.Lu! JiiJl .:rlr Cl"lJill
6t*)-]!
Jsl r+rJ-lt
9, .r-JS: iit-l.il 6Llli- L[-i].I ,J-J! rl}i]l dli!,.JLli i-. Lill 6ti-l!l G<ils,^ll rl! " Il
ALiL a-rlr dl i-o.!rr J+- Jlr .ry d^\ r-i;-j-; L.l; r:l- t ' ',
JGjL i,:Lill . :. Jl &L"l i.:,ii,.ll .:ri-:iJ...L -. Jtlll .-'j. ;u
iiulr rrr (J+ "Jl CiiJill o- tli i{ jJrJl !+JiJl d"{-
(J,,!.;r-L.)J;r.j.LJl (4.. j!:l >_iptu -;;"--=..:i ;
ri=lr- r-:...r
Drr,..lL11.4LEll irl-* G-L -'i! ,J-1': o,iii 1;- :rr .-.::J1 iJ* ,i LJii
s]c ir'eJl etlrJt ),? ,Jj.l; J.- r. L_,.-* cr (.i,L- ) ;:^r Js ,r.,,. -t
,+
+rlll i.rlr,. bid Pir.lltlli *.:l :j'|-:Yu,-l+ iiill
Li;4lL4r. ' ' -.riJt gj +., ;,L!j crJt--, (,-,,.J Di) &!i
.:uJt-i c)r-jr J; i; \ '.,. .Ei ,rrs lJJr ;,;- ,)i j.J,.r d.,- ill
LLJI ;r.: -!-;, ,
j l+i 6 'Jl j; r,-Jl +llilllJ-, j
,
.@1J] .- ll . " i- 4IJi .i i,-,r Jl .!r .Al

uu ,J.- wJl
;-! v+il &r
; qj. i,i. Ll,il .nir
diir .++lilir
"l+:i-Jl
i.ils3 LJ*L 4+)+
-iJl
il-llll +lrill 4X- j
I{JLJI uLi ,,.- "l\
L;ro ,Si i'F
\t]
e.lrr J-nr 1..:..,
! e-; ,*! ,r*Jt r-rsll
6s-rll
,:i.L-, *-Jl , U. ^llr el.l;ll .!^ 4lrii all.-. i,in
SF6 fjull -rL:]. I eLE ,n 'lill 't ill rldi 4jJt Jt+.lt gLti
I q.,tjarl .ltjtt gLE U4lJ.ll
IV Itr II
!!l-r. j ,.,i .jlt ;S_;
dI-{-J & Jl
Jlj &J'.lr i-. ("
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i,L-s] ,SI
JilJi iiJl
rJ_rS1Jt ill]s j;rrr-jll dF JJ ' '',rill 'r<r' u,il e.-Jr \ljll (Jj d>jiil
a-1" &Jt ;r"r .59
^jiJl
,. $l ,\i.ll -.,$ ,,S r ,;-xs J.tJI LDi J'iir
ur_ts ,1J_Ir
Jr L,'J_ ). u"j!]l nJ]- D: o,u.3.._.2S-ly.9e_1 '.rrr.Gll iil,j. Jj 4+ (i) (Fault)
-rj,-.,]i
-S+1j-yt
!:lt i:li- s! ,Jrrn(l rj C+ arc-chute ejiJl];;il
,JjlJl ir; j_.4-, e" l.i"rji" u-xjl ,=+-xSlc,.:Plt nLr-J . JD Ii-;
.rr+ CL-".I i* r-1; )-1 j;iJl qj@ !: : er+ Lrfi e- ldl-;
-r,ly
,
r^1.: i.;--:.!l r .t- Jq=Ar:',rr: rul ,J JIE)I ul
.c.lill L" c5'L!1.1 vsiiis:bil
.,t jl r*., .iiislr ; !;r;
l:r 9. r_p
OSJJ Gr.l,Jl
crll lr* i-t-i.
.LuJl ,lc :'!;;

Ab'-: -rl ,J,.'
ilrilJr dlj.sl
,n .1-r,l LJ'-i
L: .:ll ; '.rt-11
,j,ts.iis,-tl*Jlill ris=yl aE J1J"S e$ !J- ;J+Sji 4J.Sll 6rjtc &*nj (e)

:ir jrill ,:l!,il i,.1r-Y i,-jiJl ;r+ yt c'.i d. il.-i. iiinJl ari.tiJl,lj{..ll
nLF Jl C,:.j rr<i! . ,J,Cl .l)li LjrJl ,'i- ,.,lJt c,lrE ;JiJ.j.ll ,it; u.
!1 ,',,rJ,(]l-,-,tj,<ll (;Jlrll) ,J+_xsl i.rll-,JrF JLj
\{.*r--3î + ;rAr +r )-, !* *rls r.l;ll +-P Jl
L.L nl. :J. iI-lJ, l+l ir,11,..,.-au;,..] ..JJr . l 3-; ,j-i-i .:J+-,_e
,!15r,I il-+ rrar +l!1 lU n*ir L'diYr.

+Ell !J:lr 6ljUll +Ji6 GID .,lcl
,-;-.il ec rrr -.,
cJ-..--r (e)
'- t':t :' l.i
c!r-ill
J-{- &"- &-.r r,l- r: (.,)
,.i-l.i.ll r.-dJI( ,-!-,Jl '"-r'- -,,!L "

,jJl LIL--:."J
'
q ) LE=!-J I +
III {+Jdr "i'i Y d+- 4k- ,J,I+rctrLj i-l,l-i 6ljti +lJ )r
JijLj;lJ iLr,! :!_y 6lj1'; uU LI-,.i)j
J.r* di u- stjti inLJr (jlFY!
Di tlJl
(JLJI
... aI+- " !Jn"" i 4$ r+r .rj-i
,.) jDr (dj "l rr"
&!l d-&l
+F!LJ!
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e.Ul J*ill #*r ur"-i isJ"Jl r3SI l._u i_r
g-.!l c.,tu- u,r+Jt . ,.^t5 q,/ll ,1+ i9; c.,lt... ir;,i
SF6 4jtiJl .J$l 6bls ,n,ijll ,L:lt rltl .n.'Jl ,Lfll tlG
I
IY u II sll.r{Jl Jtill ebi #l.rEJl
L illlu +rrrx
rjt )l&.J+
6uul-rrllF
lil& Jl $
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(:lu! ;
e.tlrdl
&!rjj,J-:!
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jJl!-ll 6LJL^ 1
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iljtil ;rLll i.X- tuLJt
uF +lr''ll 'ra + ,{fjl Jjl *.llr c.ttjlt ,j l;:;:.jjl tulrJr J.,5
ar+llXI
(D
G,:lriil Fi* cs-ii 6L*)- ' -iir c. +sJ<r.ll ,lj+>l

(+!lj;.il!lr & ':.r-:il
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Jti Liii A;r si- , !+; ]:i= Js--r .]FYr;,'l irl J>-)lr Jjr-ll r-rrr
2.ie rjs i:tu ;_1rr Llrlr-ill uul@ lll.l ! J!.ll FlXl Glc .ij-Yl hA LL- ':.i.r-r
lrC :*-* JJSi .]rj- r'F' ur)x +j i-lll aj- j i,.ra;l-s ,ri 1_ri_+.,
I
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q: L.u
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I
I
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I ai- i i!î l+rr,-; Li),ti J)-t ,lJAl _, rl,rr'.Yl ; i+jl
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I
i_!=jr.,rEtEx (Jl r.+ r:si _,1-n41Yr ; riYr Jl €lj=j
.'.-.i- clLi-l 'i i "-jj
a
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ifuUr"Lqd , Si-
I
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4,6. I
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ai+-ll ,rA ;tS":" dJ:l i-;,r .,. j JL.[ LJ-iJl Post- Liul
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earthing
facilities
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(Low voltage switchgear) LraiAi.rll .Li.bll L\ii.i! crh*4 Y- Y - t
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Short circuit categories ',lillll '*6 (6ti.lt) (it" (i)
Method of shont circuite tests
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Temperature - rise limitations / Thermal ratings
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Short-Circuit Cateoories
IEC 157-1 has h4io categories of short-circuit performance outline in lable12.2
Short-circuit performance Rated Operating Condition aiter short-

category sequence foi short-circuit ciicuit tests
makng and breah4g
capacity tests
P1 Required to be capaDie
cf pet'ornrinE reduced
seniice
Reouired to be capable
of peformrng normai
service
L
C Represents a breaking operation
Represents a making operation follolved. after the appropriale opening time
(or immedrately, that is without any international time delay, in the case of a
circuit-breaker not ldted \,vith integral olercurrent releases) by a breaking
operation.
t Represents a specifled time ;nterval
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IEC c,ll.i.a!l ti+h elrsll L.t2r C lli1.2!l r3:r ( t-t ) &+

Temper-ature-rise
TSAe of material description of part limit (measured by
thermocouple)
Contact parts in air (main. control and auxillary contacts):
Copper 45'C
sih,er or sillver-faced (r)
All other metals or iintered metals (2)
Contact parts in oil 65'C
Bare conductors includin non-insulated coils (l)
Metallic al1s actin ASS r!D s 3)
Metallic arts in contacts with insulatin nraterials (4)
Parts of metal or of insulating material in contact rvith oil 65'C
Termilal for e.r:temal insuiated connectic;rs 70" c
Manual operating rneans
Paris of rretal 15'c
Parts cf insu latins rnaieriai 2s" c
Oil in oil-immersed ap-.,2131x5 {rneasured at the upper part of the
60" c (6)
oil
The experession "silver - faced" includes solid silver inserts as well as electrolytically
depostited siiver, provided that a continuous layer of silver remains on the contacts after
the endurance tests and the short-circult tests. Contacts faced with other materials, the
contact reaictance of which is not significantly altered by oxidation, are treated as silver-
laced contacts.
1 .
Limited solely by the necessity of not causing any damage to adjacent parts.
2. To be specified according to the properaties of the metals used and Iimited by the
neceaslty ofnot causing any damage to adjaccnt parts
-?. The resulting tcmpsrature shall not reach a value such that the elasticitv of the
rnaterial la impaired
4. Lim jted solely bv the ncceasiti, of noi causing any damaee to insuiatin materials
5. Tl.re terrrperatu!-eriae limir of 70" c is a value bassed on thc conventiolai test a C.B
used cr tastcd under instailation conriilions may have c.onnection the type, hature
ar-,d disposition of which wiii not be the asmeas those adopted for the test a
diiferent temperature rise of terminals ma.v iesuit and this will have to be agreed
6. IVIay be measurcd by tnerrnorneter.
\ TV
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.>L,J'ji Blin J+e'Jt C* ,jr--jt J,:s
(Windings) *:'-s4l! :tile L-Y-L
't',, rr.^.ll . , '! -ll #l!J a) ,-J,- ,...,,-i :i}j ;i ,-.ris t-* ,Jr= ll O;5!
)*S :
r.). ( ur.i.jjl L:.-rl ) u,].lill , i\Jl !+S.i rr,r-r_.e.:-^ ar.,.,i_"iL .+L !d JS it--,J
- rlill , * ( .JtJl L:. ^ll ) ,

jl-!,Y l .:lJl ,',rS, ,e..trJl .,,iiil ,* " L'.;s LEIJI
cr".-il; gJ-lr irs-.,lJl ,u t;i,

.,,,\.^\l
.-.I^ ,.--r..,;-,ill SL :1,,= ; -DJl l.ro ;-6i rFJl 4Jt ,*..-r)3Jl iJk *-i
ell-.\'l eli-Y urrr..e c\!o ir. ujsjj.-iJll ,U iiir\i -Y-,=ll ilL (J3J Jl-Jr
.adl
i-lF .l ,il ,1
JS-- L.,, A..-1.- 6YL ; )l ..-''.=ili J* dr'.s;! .lr-- ;
.ri.i-jl .c.;fo1
{Performance) olp+li elr! e-l-i
r--:Y LJl ,* )+S .+r \j}li Jii-ll +" d;:'l ails1ll JF Yl ,,,+ .)1'.-jl -,t,,:r1 .;
.4-.,lsi a$i! -* _E- "i, e tgJ.o
-"eii$! ibill LilSr LliJl jL1."- ,'*;3: ,i * r* -y* --,1'*:l S=l all &!jJl
L.;:3 cL::)J ,,î:,Jl 4=i .JL i'*. Lils a^ ,'-JlL LJ ,-tu.;Jl LllL;:-:^.-r aj\+.:ll LilS:J
.il.rYl ;.ilsll ,_Jl aiL:y! flrr r+ll 'r!-
c.!rr J,.il|
I., ir f,j r*1 e_,Jl .rrsl ,
ijl t tL-r ,r.'Jl ' 'rl. -l! ).rll 'lr^;;ir: otL- . i,il
,.-.,-
(Losses) c,*$4ll #.5biJl 1-l- 6
,,'r &-)ll
Js. Yl '-1Jl d .\l
e.a-i'oe[iSJl C rii ,*lr-tt ,.+ (-J.Jl ril}J .tiF ..8"i
ee ;:i- t{j- , ,-liill + 'u1r' Jl Sledl
"u ,Jr^s, ., L-J J+-tll iils d.
.JFl\ t+- Jr q+Jl *-s gt*)l (-!J;l
'
t-ESl dDi+i-l :.+ i--.,: Lc- 3.r;)l nY-.^-ll '+il:ill ;++:Jl ;* aj,;lill #
"rd *:Jl LJ''r'\l 4lL\ d J^JJI Sl9 "c 6:U!,
'
j.,,Y}Jl
J+ -"1++;rr":+.-J.:s) -sr ( L.F) ,-Lii &L- + LLJ! -$!rs:!\( r^'';

,:YFl ajt ,-,: Li .',-r',r.lt i,:-rî^tt .:Y,Jl iJt !i-.i rrsll .-*il ;,.-! 4;
. !+r -"J+s L.]q ali CIJ-X ..:Lu .l;- ; t-r-t"ff
,..-,-el-.i: -$!Bll "rA
.ir.."-ii .a)iJl 1lt d \€j. ar'uJi .':,3:-îi ,,i-! irb.ll Jil

! )ls]l .:..,1: (JY.--.J;i5Jl rr+.:l - .,,
v.. :!lj) ;;,'j. /1-t) jr .Jlill Jr l ,',.,..,,
I I J +
L2 \ -'
.g[Yl r..-:l.piii !.-l J..,:'r.^]i r iri . r,., aj )E^ll , Fn ol+\ ,.o\is.i.;.el r.. .
.a^.=.rJl atL,jl J.is F *l tr 4-- -,F:rj J+

i.J.,i t . , . u."Jt *li c.{.es.JJ ril:i"ll Eteyl O# rlt-dl furti. 1
r-t ) e.; &+
Losses In Kilowatts at operatitrg tamperature
No Ioad ll4Load ll2Load 3/4 Load Full Load
oii N o load l6 No load 1e No load 2.8 No loaci 2.8
Askarel 2.6 Load 0.6 Load 2.3 Load 5.2 Load ol
Silieone i Total Total 5.1 Total ari i 1.9 |
dry-type, )-l No load 3.2 No load ).- No ioad ),L No load J.2.
I
1500 Load c.8 3.3 Load

I
7.4 Load I i3.2
'I0.6
Total 4.0 Total T otal | Total \6.4
Epoxy dry- 3.2 No ioad 3.2 No load 3.2 No load 3.2 No load
type Load 0.7 Load 3.0 Load 6.7 Load
Total 3.9 Total 6.2 Total 9.9 Total 15.0
\ ol
e.lrl J-nl L:t i r# .1-Y ,< *Jl .r3S.ll
i-Jl c,u-"r,r-Jl .jJJlr,--,.11 'U. !ii: crlL-. rin
(Temperature Rise) flpll L,-,rr ep ltiill V-Y-t
6Y#1 a," h C*Jl ;,!:Jl i-.;: d ttrt)i .:-,rt O.;$ il.''"-Jl 'i9;Yl +i
"+
. c,1.,.,S.. ;; irlr\l c.,YJ,..^J!'"J'";"Jl
t:ll ,J.+.^l 3i
'd 4jiill ,-U!'.ll d)4 ill J .:Yralr L:- \l r+ll j'e]Fll i--.-.p.,:;:tj..,l 653
al".i^ti '"[).ll .,1l5 LS o\,;=.jJ sU,ltl e--3J ,i a^s_r^tt ;.ai]l .y" Jn +-
:.jrr i;,-,.^11 l).!)Jl
(J.L s'rnt -i, ix c,:r^-Jl c-:'-:i+l a--rj + slsil ++
..:..,YJJI '"j4+Yl
"r+l +LJ+S.ll
-.f,,li ;==;:,J v-: ) f;.r+;$!
t,J;)J .e.3;,^Jt '-lJl (A-t ) d-r, ( .l:l
.cr'i-,9's-ji
s-:'l1 4+J\
ULc Lj-^\l di u!= =-.; oF L"::', r;i!l Jil.' '-$ Jl # c'.Y.l=.]i a-iL
a+il1 J le,.l'ir il-#l rF.!l ts, r-Yl 4^ i-ilr\l .:Y-rJl el:.i-l ' Llir a.,li l'l
'"!i-'l til-r tCl lla 4+-u lrii LJril ai!J! ;l-lx C.;,,],lJl 'rC 4i,ersll
.\}
"tri 'c*r'a aFLl i ,i ,lf-p'.,lJl +dLe Jlu ,C.-'sj dl 6Yr,. il iJt
i ,-".rî!-, =J!'ll 'uLJl r:L.;:J "1;.*r. in --r d.,Y-cs.^ ll \-i '1 .J*.lY I u- 1-,.i
.4.j-;,!ii ,-BbJl
\ 6,
llJl , L-ill L:l.s d.i {J*Y Lc.t-.ll frsl
g-il otJ.'-, ,r=Jl .jFb ,-.Jill ,U" lil otL- - irin
&t+:t alg..:: ilplt L;r or gB:;!l ctr+ (v-t) &+

1 2 3 4
Tesperature Maximum
Cooling
Parts class of temperature rise
method
insulation ('c)
A 60
E 75
Windings (temperature B 80
Air, natural or
rise rneasured by the F 100
forced
resistance method) H 125
150+
Cores and other afts
(a) same values as
(a) adjacent to windings All
| for windings l
I
(b) the
I
temnerature shali,
in no case, reach a
(b) Not adjacent to
value that will
windings
damage the core
itself other parts or
ad acent matertials
e.lrl J-ill Ly-,l i_r
.l*r ",*! .9- tt .rst
6!Jl .:,tt^-
-, ,r-..tl u -t1, -. -,l.il "1+ 4+n cll}sj +in
c,Jtd;-L,yill 6tE.cJl il>l! t;r d ttrdl r3s (A-t) ds+

I 2
Paft Maximum temperature rise ("C)
Windings: 65, when the oil circulation is natural or
Temperahre class of insuiation A fcrced (non-directed)
(temperature rise nieasure,i by the 70, when the oi1 circuiation is forced and
resistance method) directed
60. r^,,hen the transformer is equipped with
Top oil (iemperature conservator or sealed
measured b,y thermomrtcr) -55. when the trarsformer neither is
<i rvith a consen ator nor seald
The temperature shall, ir no case, reach a
Cores, metaiiic parts and adjaeent
value that will damage the core itseif,
materials
other arts or ad acent materials
Note:
The temperature rise limits of the windlngs
(measured by the resistance
method) are chosen to give the same hot-spot temperature rise cannot norrnally
be measured directly. Transformers with forced directec oil flow have a
difference between the hot spot and the average temperature rise in the
windings which is smaller than that in transformers rvith natural or forced but
not directed oil florv for this reason, the windings of trarsformers with forced
directed oil flow can have temperature rise limits (measured by the resistance
method which are 5"C higher than in other transformers.
(Loading Guide) €XJrr4X,!--:tl i$r t\-Y-f
.-S, ,tsi L:Jl ,;q-J;-. 4-ll !l 'ulr- L--ri Llnll ' t'JHl *r=i ..+:
I{-', a.,-l-ill oGlJl j!,-;)l:1 oyrr ;-er la;i g}.,3 ;i ,--Jl os rrîll sYr--X
c..,l:=_eJl p*i: j+l: ,js^.,r .1<+
6-rJt .:-;:Jl ge:,r alL= 'J-i LJJI ,',!pjful ...'--,
.).',-rxlJb- .: a513qi,tq:-la:u ,l
i-.;: i:" ii;*^lrL ,"--, e_:,^Jl ;1,.31 'U".1 -,9,l ,l+-31 "-tL.x,.-:,rdl
a-.,
-"jill aF d-rYl ,Jll^_-ll :.,;r )p.Gll L-r'rlr-

,J k+ "t"+,;ll ) ,!Jl ajS.ll
oleL:iJ s) :i6^ll 'uriil ,E=: ,i -,:"X afu .+= (dgri:ll .srUl e;!l
.'o$lr
\ 01
e.!il J-ill l.-r-,, 'u f-,-., er-! t+-Jl ::Sl
irJl c.,rL-u,=Jl , 9.Îb,.-,.!l 'U /+in.lls. \raii
.u ,;e r_:r"Jl3 (>S" i-r^ i-._.F oY. .,a_r) ;rlrJl .r-zgJl "t-3 '0,'!> i-s=;: .usi -
4.-)r,',-i L)..11 4k Cs.i *sl}!)l j"Jl all! at{ a-)li -r-J,',Jrf + i+i]l
.,J.i ;,lo i--::.-i cl"Jl alL j )^Jl lra *:nr i'"-11.,=
.
"t
.&lsll a[Jl , '.ug ,',-1 ').1 .. i'.-] 6Yrs-ll JF,-i uJl 6l'qJrL',ll ,J +) -
"-.rl-r-
L.-.rr ; dl .)E Yl
d l:ii ;r,J,tl l*'3! 'urJl eL:;i. JgJrll oL.,
.aill , L-i J)i t*-Jl dl
..,'1!,= ;.^;: r:c ,'.i;rl J ;)J i;l .:rY-r=^ll _i.'.,"-=.,Jt *),J: (1 i) -iJ ij$l .-g+ -
o\
't ' \-,!..L s;Jt t-.!
I c.;Jl uj i}J'd."jl .itj:-.! J+::il jlr (c-() &+

I
K 1 Initial load power as a flaction oi rated pwoer

Permissible load power as a ftaction of rated power greated
K2
than unity)
I T Duration of K2 in hours
I
l
g, Temperature of cooling medium (air or water)
i Note
I
Kr and K2 - 52/ S, where S 1 is the initial load power
(S 1/ S,)
Sz Is the permisable load power and S, is the rated power
Values of K2 for en values K2 and t
Kr = 0.25 Kr:0.50 Kr:0.70 Kr :0.80 Kr = 0.90 Kr = 1.00
i
t=0.5 + l+ r.93 r.83 r.69 1.00
l
l-r t.89 i.80 1.70 1.62 1.50 1.C0
t--2 1.59 1.53 1.46 1.41 1.32 1.0c

t-=4 I.J+ 1.3 1
1a; | -z+ 1.10 1.00
t:6 1.23 1.2r 1.10 I r.ro t.t2 1.00
t:8 1.16 1.15 1 t? 1.12 r.09 1.00
t: i2 1.10 I 1.09 r.00 i.07 1.05 1.00
t =24 1.00 1.00 1.00 L00 1.00 i.00
ONAN and ONAF transformer : O^ : 20 'C
Note Il normal cyclic duty the value of K2 should not be greater
than 1.5. thevalues oiK2 greaterthan 1.5, underlined apply to
emergency duties
The + 519, indicates that K2 is higher than 2.0
e.Ul J-ill L-l-, iy
ts--;,-.,*-! 1gJt qrSt
ijl c,lL- :l .,-Jl U. ^lL ,-JJl .11. Li6 crll^- - iJ;x
;',i;r sJji J: dJl5jl -$!Jl Ll,j-ll j-g.i \_61 rjr-', ;S^J G+Ul dl'rn ,o.,_S g,
LDr 6sr d"+ JFJ i,UlL ll iiiJl lriJl s.:.: -ri i:,,- i1.-l .-rs D- e::.-.
UEill r+dl ri' kl, k2 i.,+ iii*U s* a-J +2t.r' .iLr a+,-.:.e .!r
.(^_r l.Js.i)t L!^- --,\l,-.!,F\
Assuming rhc same senicc lifc as fo: continuoi,s cpcraticns aI ratcd pcrr'6131d 31 311
allbient air tempcature of l0' C. rh. it"r-sl'omlcrs urav be subjec::d :; l !c,ad cvcle as
showu bl lhc cur. cs bclo'i. :
')
L2
i
t)
:
I
r .,1 {1
^ -l- ,
!
I r -l ,!
l t) ,]
() I ii llr I;l
r) J 01 0.b i)
I{t
The cutr es air in accorCarrcc r,,-irh thc iEC rcct'rrrmcndadon cf l9?l .r hich prrnirs a hot-
spor tenlp.taturc ia thc \indioqs oi 1'10' C
In rr hich
KI inirialload referrcd to rarurg
Ii] ma-t. permissiblc load rel-erre<i ro rating
I Cul:iioo of in h !i]
Note:
ln certan Cases the per::issiblc or edo:,:1 obtained fronl the ab:', r' can es nral be limitcd
b'. tbe tap chalgcl and bushin15. thercfore if it is urtende<i ic cpera ir1 the Trarrsfi.ltner
uith a load q clc inr,oirin-q or,eiioais. rhe i,reight of the latt<r artd the lature ol rhe load
cvcle should bc stat.d
t CB^rjJl ,'.!ril e.ilji.Jl irojl ,jo kl, k2 lEi r3*.:t .;.:. (A-t) dS
(Fire Resistance) dJ.,sJ L3iir 1-r-t
,ji ,=* ) elli LriL (+.,,-lt ,-'Cl l:c ) tJr"i-llj ar[.lt o)3Jl ;+;
,;(: ,i-FX
ai;ll .,.!!l L.> d, ) Jl,i:i) iLi::!.9^11 ,+J ri ; ';-., c3$)J +l! ;g' rpl elir
b)l $e e+Jl .J.Ut -+-*l ( tr-u .. ric ,:'€11 L.aF lirie;:Ul -,p-Jl dli-) I l^ $c
e..!rl J-ill trr: t-.: .*-! ,O*-tt 1St
!-,;rll c,ll-_e --.-ll . U.
, 15 ,J-J"j,ll .1,. 'it ciLr. ir;--
a:._.p .r.-li dr Jl.',S dlni)l ;J.ij O:s Oi-r {.i-F,[ a.]Ul r--rii" -)rg.Vt *s
,rl'i ;r1.Jl
.A-Lp- r.',-_r+ ,-pL u+ 4l L\J--i ,;i .i' J.'t ,L'J la1l! Jr--il OS+ ul>
rl-,;"! :+ ) +:.1 urL.lt rt ^lt ,_i"+J Jln:Yt :l.ii (t .-t) p_,r J:+Jl ;1**,, -
H J_.,;*Jt t:. k+ J.'.',.S.!-,1s .-,..., a& & e..;:,_r ( i.1;Jl + l*iJrE.sl:,rr<ll sr].,<J-ll
aji$l i.:=Vt .,,rri elli rJ.l .(,,--.,$.rt ' -'lrLc, ulnE,. I .-S"l Lr.ll
eLll ;r].ht ,r,"-y1
4iJU^ sc (r,-A)l ,-'!B..Jl aiu)t dlli,-,c 6IJl rtilt3:pl ..A .3b-Y'?iii:ii:.iJi
.a_'ll;i!t
r+- rJ. , ;rit o:i e.p Lb '>*'.e a-lJi..il ;:r. lJ ;'Ldl ;. ,,,-L,:Jl qlr.. -.,pn -
.-ru! a-t .ll -;'V5.1L,.-- ; 'u"a:-i F a,. J&-ll l:e ,'rF-_: c.,,Y3Jl .9_rL a,;|L. ,
",.:-
jrBJl "\l eljJ-Yl ;U .j;-l+ .J+ LrJl -.;.sJl s9.rJ L,:;" -'.s,,-_r i^r.ll d t$i iryr
.JFIU iJ.s,Jl ct e -llrt!-li + jqr_Jrr! d-j.$ll J='jEll c13J! u-:S^ll crd+l 1.r,,
.
+--,=X u_ri;Jt :l3Jl ,;+J i:';3SJl ":r dI (t \-i) i_.r cL'rll a.;r,_,
&.AJ LsiLlt r!n,l *rrl dbniYl ;!ii (\ . -t) &+

Material* Ilre point fC)
Silicone liquid 360
Midel 7l3l 310
Cast resien 350
Class (ll -t
+ Fcr comparison purposcs mineral oil is 170"C Askarel is non-flammable
+ These dcsigns are virtualll, lire proof
&-slJ LJii.Jl rr3*Jl .tr+j 6.2yrji ;x oaliiil €Irr. # (i t -t) pt &+

: CohVaetive
Radiative(Kw/m)
(Kilm)
Silicone 561 53 25
High fire point l-rydrocarbon 546 361
Epoxy resin
'\ ol
e.lrl d-il1 l.-r-., I,r
dd.,;..,iY LrJ"Jl "JSll
ijJl 6lL-, ..-Jl , ._, -lb

=-rXl
.!- a;in.:,llir;r
(Connections) cDl*.aJill l,-l-t
JE- 4l-j-a1it ,-.ri.iij.qll L:, \l ,.,i1^

ejdt 6YJ-J LjBl 6\.!Ll1 tL-JP f:
,y';
-b .;l-i--..:t .;S..9 qF:- elJj3 r-bL:.!l ili6 L# Lrc titiil ,_;"..rL a+ d (Y;
"*-l
. .e . \l
"g:LYl
L}i+ *j= (A) Ufr +L..-ri jLJ! L;.;l! ..-B q+-r iJ:lsd! 6UIJI i*.-;
-:
..-n):]l 6$i!Llt uj)j
61 ,r-l! : <.-Jl .-,-t at++ 4-.D, J '.+ JVts L-! alJ.a-)'l 4,,1'*1l! J-ij+-r:ii
,.- q+'c'1" rl Dy11 :I.-.:ilI _F-:; ov 11 , DySor Dy7;.,.iut,4ts.,'tr
.CL,fl (5J":. + jlsYl
,ru'-ii ,rs-ii u._AYl d-ij..,.-- ,ll J irl,-:)!.i-"e--yJl (1-t) js;jl ,rr..,;
"ra
" .\^
..6=-
1
a.-. _eJl :.-;, J.-Y I 4.-i.5 Jul k--:fl ,-al;Li u-L=ll a"-t^.ll iia r,)S;Jl lu *:
.i-cLJl .'..,.-,,1ti. e.:, 'li1t I L;-iijJl liJI c.',iL d LII^JI
4J.
(,"r'.:^tl u: ' tl) +,;Lu! (;l..t a-!i! -,E;j

t=-:11) 4-!l:u)l c,,Ul^ll +-.!1
",r
iS*ll ,-,t ', i,i ill aS, .; it-r t1 ,SJ r.-!r ,J_i,,- ,l '-: ilt .,.s ,.iâi ,ii J+
..1
Yle a.=;j! ;.!)-. u--d l+ 6YJji ,,,:l .F :'l-e cJ-i,-- i.* JiSi ,r.f.
e+"+ aDS,.ri
,-Jr ir* LJ" aS-'.j,I !.;ll .J.-r-l :i a:pl,r.L .:YjJi ,rA ,iLn ;i ,:S+ I .:t"
.t
.-F,
e,.l!l cJ.-itt l"_.1-t iy
i*1 ,"-! ,. "-.tt 5St
6:-rJl oll"-3,.r-Jl ' U.^t5 -.,;,i]l
,h Lljl 6lL-- irln
Symbols Connectionc
Code Conrtection
PruttaIy Seco4,ilary Prirnarv Second:rr
-
rffdlxg mnfirt wirdixe wnrdug
B b ABC ebc
Dd0 A A
B
C a A b
c u4
ABC
E4
abc
0
Yr4 J- u.t
A
B
C a
+ c
ABC
Lt-t abc
ant
Dil A A C a { c u4 E
B a ABC
Dv5 ,1 A C "1 h u4 tUt
abc
5 YL5 A I
B
C
a
h
ABC
tff m
abc
Er
Y* A t
B
C
a-,[
a ABC
ltl UUI
abc
Dd6 A
B
C
t
b
a ABC
u4 m
ahc (
6 Y5'6
eIc
B c
Y h
a ABC
l-'Lt rn
ahc
ABC
Dd A
B
C
T b u4 a c
B b\-. ABC abe
Dyll A A
B
C ll u4
ABC
ilI
abc
II YdII A C
b
a
c
ul
ABC
u4
ebc
I
B h
YzII ta-c
A C t.'tt E4
"S"
gnill o*E" s.i ehii*ll 4riEll 4+s:"Jl 3rcJLa+-^ (s-t) iS
(Terrainals) ,!-sll .:,-!\c-, ! l-Y-t
Fiil) ,r^ -ir= 1,.,4 ,i. J.,Y3J1 *-i u-aiiiîl L; '\! ,r+-:Jl o!k, A;S] -
\:JV
.r+',-JL dJ-,i.sl rr).,-J. ,.-!.i r.4i Lj 4,-i -il 4-cJ,..* ,-;.-9...-: ,=J-*;t
c.r\15 ;r''r ^ .r-,rL .l' aF O1 t-l ES o-:Ui L: :X ,-!.-- ;i! 6Li€t\ a-.j..llL -
, .rr!! ll_rraj! Jtl! L: :ll c-J-,lS alt j $jLsll, '!".
ci-n-,lSl.3_r''r.^ _,i
uit"sjlJ a-1.,1! rtli ,i ,,,t= ,:tj ,'Ls5 P.V.C ri XLPE cji-,ls llt *! ;IJA
'')-^ .r.-
r-all .
ellt d..i]r ;: lt.. ^r
l"_u
.ln-.:t lSt
"r*!
.:.'t u- I ,tsJl ' ij). -lb Jill .u 4Jin 6lL-. il;rl
(J.
6s;Jl
(Cooling) crte=Jl rr;S \ Y-l-t
4++.6J1 r-rJ.=YI (tt-t) ,.st,I:Jl i.t*-...r Lr:.r..,^11 rli'rl in-.Al lirL o1,Jl , !)n
..:r;r:.ll a-r,r;t *L +.JY rll 'r;* S L 'rr... \l
Cl-Yl ji ;,+ -.,+;ll ,bd1+

19J! .:',ilJl rrj j"r-,- .r ,JS:
'JiJl 6F i.+i
&--:- o. ,-jr,=-lL LJ- \ ,bcl! .,jj;,!--.,1 Liirii,',;- J_#t ,-,ii-l ot;U i..,..LJl
(A.N.) 4i++
'L+l'+
4{iil o-o , l,-rr 3L::Y! z},:rJl
'+1+
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o
insulating liquid
Non- Flammable synthetic insulating liquid. L
Gas t:
Water
Air A
Kind of Circulation
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Forced (Oil not directed) r

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Lj - ^\l L y\l or ; rlJl i=.-! ,=+ ,i!l ..,1"
','i o ,'rLS c}.-db &lSl[ d ,r"-, r'J,-r"tt
'o
1", ir
erJl dL-iI a;..-t ,,-! .g"-.tt 5St
iil i.,U=.r ,r-Jl , ,-., IL ,.+r.:ll .1r- iriii 61L- - iJii
t'n io,ar olr (4) a-cl,Jl 61.!F,r LL--dl ,-rilr'"jFl .r.,1. j +-,i:?lii +!;s.: i-s^r l.rae
:,,51 l-1"-lr.,4i16.l aS"i l:r-e

";.i.:
;l , ,rf
.Gi< L. _rr;Js eli," i-=L"^ rJ &r. _tEi! i.J.:r ll R urLlt a.,o :ra -i
. &yX 6 ''- eti^ i=L,, :io I,n* 1.61
e_i* _.1ij;.r; ,_...-ii rrr'.',-l-
g!.,lSJl :t fi c.* *!:1 -r ,js..,.-r JL.,1s]! 4++ *-L r-i,i r.klrl ,-..LJl L-,'i-Lll
Rrh- , a
I\he a..,--.JlJl :.r!rJl +.r'r""1!, ; ,, .t\'iil_: cjjJl L'-:,..^tl r!"1];,.,.. r',il Lri5^}!
Jti6! I 4+.i"D *j. Jiill .-..,i3 i :>.)rJi &lFl +. r+.6 ::.: --jc r .-.n gl..,iSll
't'-i.,.ji
,',Sjr 4--,$ .lil$'q L-ii '-,,r+,Y u.,,L.ro..: Jl Jrj,U +r.i
4iri.l Ljt6ll ul u-r-re e i o
j 6t;rJl o:a ,.,',.'. iS-,.:'LLi r..,;g cELi" .,ar e ",'Fl +l;;j ,.J:'-+ U+i
'Li]l :L-,1 il.-l.,
JrJ ,'..r l,-*Jl
o,. r. , crl^-i!l ,'qll=r -t Lrij--Jl . i.:Ul -J-,LSll
=/
e "".,..^ll JlJ'.\l
c.,1 iia.l g;: - riJ;rliJl , ',rfll g>;:.!i,l 'i-!
"]ri.r "f
J1 j,il c.rUjiJ cli r C.-:; p.r
, .ri3 '":tiJl i:: 1-ll
; j."J :.e F
,l
rr',
.9.
i.9-2r . ,rLr
.ai.;ul ..:6; ie.E+l f (+1S!l 4+-ltill +lsll j 1ar-, ry e .^Jl
.l-,-:..J! cJlJl ;:U;19:-l o_r: ld"ii-iJl L:,'\t 6)-,\51 .,L ,!i+11 ,rA !,-ii .jqJ+
. r l_rall ,r, ; :^ cj).lS

..FJYI (J.i r:o^ !:.\\S
.cjj-,\Sll G rst4 e r.JI ,:;i^11

-,$l cl-ii.+ ; i'..J| rii i ir
a*-;J - i 4;-tll dJ...-J^lJ e.t]i. .r;t

4.=1,.,- cJSJ u_r>+
C_r^* =r$
a
llk .,-i A T L*- \l L "-lb LL-FI ur.;'Fl i-.-rr c,r rr.ill oi ,'!-
tol J+X'.J- 4+;.: .,.i a:!s j o.-r ,of -1ri;:: Y ,,crUl ,-Jj.:ill
:..,..-ulL o o
, i+:: olr ,bdl ,;;ill c,\is.ll
r"1 _risyl ,-L a:s
"L*-dl u!-
P.V.C, Jt alrJl d+i$l i, t\! 4!|.;
lt
J..iI 1.-u:,
erJr :-.; ,r*! ri-Jl )sll
'9.
iJil ,:1L-.r L.-Jl ^lL -. >ltt .r+" i',!n s1L-, lrin
-!";; &F j,ts.! ;,!rJl i-=.;.r ,rJ. _!E al ,:S+ JjJl ;rL ;l a!=).^ ,,u , a
;rUl o\J ..,,lrJl Lrtill ;rL;;,!Jl L;A
t, iF Jj+,Jr"iJ.ll Li,;\l d){rlsl aGJl JIJ-'\\ L,--1- cl:i '> e;., i S-r
.ulr-:..-.; ,=-ii
.,oAo ,r-LJl J.-/l c.,,,Li ,+ XLPE
;rL^,, z..JeJl +*tll di\LsX _.r1 i'll .:..,tilL (t t-i) J-e'>ll e-+l o
.o!-rell P.V.C.
"+;ilI,
;:l ". a-l:-,,;,.ji +-'r^,ii .jjl-'rLSX '1$Jl .iLSL (t t-t) r-lr,'.tl z.-;_+
'.r-,,Yl ;-'il!P'V'C'
-o:\ .., i-]-r-Fjl !_i-jll diltsll J\ Ji\l cltjti. 1r o-f ) j_rr+\t er-,;_l: c
.'t-+l #;:^Jl-, XPLE

;rr . iJ,e_y*ll 4+-iJl Lji-,lSll ;!.ll c..,t---L i-i) jr. rit e-.,-rl
(t a
' ce-.rYl ,=s 6il! XPLE

ilrJl ,.-.,'..Llrl ;:r,.r^ c.r\lSll;!:Jl c,L!L (lV-() r!'=-ji -;.j.u I
.,oYo Ll- Jl L ,\\'r!rr i-'.,p,r.i XPLE Ji PVC ;rL
(Derating Factors) Ltrixl cDLt.l-e Y-t-t
!
, tJ+ Ji ,----r=, gl.,lSl 1.1*+ Jllii ;ti * i-s.-.,p, \,i\** LL,ISI I + i,-.Sl Ls
u-l-i+ aJ."-Jl
j .j pll z J '. r ii^li :. , -ll ,'* .FSi d!tr 'dF ,=.-l: .sJl J-*,-ril r.- LL-ll CJ glir
I
'' 'iL-"rl
i
I
I
:,r-r :t:,ji j:Jl.i :.r;.irll .9Jn
-Xl ,-l.b-b
is-t r: ,tsj
I
I L'Jl l.-Jl E rl'S s-1'l]rll
i,_ t'
i
I
lJtr=
-t cr\lSl q:.3 .-rlS ol-r-.r,;aS -.rE k+ -*: J!'li: -tl .J+Sll ,*i:
I
I
l
!
'"=-)Yl i t\ >)s- t\
l
.,:ji-,\Sll la-, L-Jl g;-1Yt i-,.Jj.jl 4lr
.tuLL-t ri ."J$ ,rl. U.j+ ri Us fi:.y clllst Lt-.

jJ
I
I sl ,,'r: l3i '.11 .J k+ E;-Jt 'lJi\l irl iia-+l r= o-=si iJF 6YUl o:a p
l
I
e.lrl J*ill L,Ll ?Y
4*-! .9i'-Jl i3slt
#i
ijl 6U"="r ,.-Jl , U' ^lb r,j,ll ,U" i-iin 6rL-. ilai'i
,-',.
,
t i.r- ir...ii, rleiif
'ul> glql .:YL .,i .j;i:ll d,)-Ll ,+l"e Llr\S (\-A-t) $\Jl a\ri..r -
4=._.r.
LjL] ' ,,Fl Lrtill j .j)jiyl dllsr di.Kll &tr-r^- ;t: ,l ur-.t| u ,11
.'-,,I,,<t\l ,rt ,j.).'sll .-il -r.L, k+ r.rbl1 i-,- J+1 .+Jll
&l_:. rli-Yl .,--i iill r+ a.-,F
-l3 cI e _it",-Lb ir- :lSi ._r-,, iit #, -
.
+t*-l! .rr.:l,ljJl ,u e-+l U.i'G^ll Li"iill
ar" j,.S; ,'.r- ;-s'; afu)li ri 6.,ti ,l .!,S .r" ;:si ,,'r!,: ilt ,r.i !tn=- Yl
,-,. .--, -
. i.!:., .;g;1 j"'.-" +r-: 3, :.*,, L-..;ai! 4+JJ e,5i ...*ll
'l Vi
tF
I
e.!rl J-!ll l.-r.,,.,-r
dd ,,-! t*.lt , .-,St
6sjl o\.L-3 ..-Jl , ,. t5

->11 ,F Li! 61L- ^ Jnn
e !a.l iu.:le PVC 6rr.r fudr.I i.l,"tq$ E+!$ JUSI c.Uf. (t r-t) &r+
"r
Cufltnt rsthgs aad protection for cebles !e-!g iE air with mbber, P\:CX or paper
iasulated conducto in accordarrce \r ittr l.ES 1010 nd edltl on , -{rL r52'
]{ominil TDrre atrd fo[r core
Sitr8l,F-corc cebles Tn in-core Crbles
cms-t Cebles
geoclinel
Eighesr Eightsl Fighfsl
er"a, of
copPer
Curretrt IloEilrI CorrrDt norilinal Curretrt nomhal
rstitr g r alue of re litr8 ralur of rstitrg Yalue o(
ronductor
the fus€ the fust thi fus€
IIrm- _{. -{ _l -{ -{ _t
1.-< 21 )i 20 :0 16
li l0 li l1 )i :5
4 5.1 50 40 :l _i 36 35
6 65 63 <t i0 16 .jj
10 ES 5ti i-: 63 6: 50
I6 11_s i00 96 30 .i0 63
-:5 150 i t.;: i05 I ()0

-15 1S5 150 125 i00
i0 .:3 0 -iv-0 i55 1t5
t0 lE0 ::U 195 r60
oi 335 3I5 235 ?:5
i?0 3Ss 35i 2 r'A 250

r50 440 -10 0 310 25C
1E5 -< 00
+lu 345 ,1ts
:40 ,i65 500 3E5 355
_100 6i0 6," 0 4:5 100
400 ?90 ;i0 490 4-5 0

500 90, EC0
625 l0J0 1000
1200
1360
e.111 J*nl I., iJ I*n ,-.,,-! .gr,-"tt 1St
ijJl 6U-.J G=-ll , tJ ^n, ,r. J,-l,ll ,tl^ i:i:: .:.,1I... +;s
.J.Jtl cp ;l-.l!, PVC ;Jl,+ ibr-.$ ti.,Ljjl d+ls! .,)ljJl or::.- (\ t - t ) &+
Currelf Iatings strd protectioD for cabl€s ljr"id in fhe ground I!'i& nrbireri P\rC or
a er insulated condrctors, in acccrdarre uith \EN 1010 (2nd edition) -A.rt. 153'
jr--omina-l Thert snd four core

SiDgle-cole ceblcs Tn1tr-core Cebles
cnms Cobl€s
8€otlitiel HiEt€st
erQ o.f EEti'st E.ig-U€5t
CqirEnt 4ominal Curtutrt Eomitel CrrIfrtrt nohina!
coppei
rEtitrg vslue ol rsting rslue of rEting lalue of
conductor
ttre fuse the fusr !e fuse
ulm- -{ -{ _t -{ -a -{
1.5 !4 ?i 25 t0
ii 50 50 1i 35 35
4 65 ti -1 ic 50 i5
6 S: 65 63 5C
1U 1r0 1,-)0 90 s0 iC 6i
16 125 10 tr i00 s0
2-i 190 160 i -?0 1-? 5

35 230 )25 155 125
50 .l0 i 250 195 150
3-i0 315 225
oi 420 .100 295 2S0
t?0 4alr 450 -110 -11i

5-i0 500 -13 5 -15 5
Is-i 5i5 -i00 _:00
,,-3 0 430 400
300 3 -1,i 710 5 Ai) -s 0c
400 965 900 6i5 500

500 1 1_',0
1300
600 i 00_,i
i000 1,-00
el,'ll J-iJl L_l iJ "*-! "._*ll 1,s]l
i,_r
.L. Li! drll..- i.ii

îJl c,lt-.. . -. -ll -iJl.
,--.,
IJ "ill
ets4lt c ;u"15 XPLE irl+ fuJLjl- Jl 4#"L,-ul eDl+rs! -rl$tl dluJii ('\ o- f ) pJ &rs
Crn'!'ent ridings and pl'otectiou ror cables laid [r :rh with (cross - Linked
por.r*et\'lette) inn rted conductol s
Nomhrll Tlrrt e and foul cote

Single-<orr cnbles Trrin-<ore Cables
cl'oss Cables
geoclinal
Itrghlst Itrghest Ilghest
alea of
Crnrent nbipin4l Cun'ent nornhral Crulent nomfural
coPprr'
rnting r':rhre of I'lrting value of rathrg vlhre of
corrdtrctor'
the fr.lse the fuse the fttse
lnm- -{ .\ -{ .\ -\ A
30 25 30 l5 2-. l0
3r .10 i: _1j 2i
4 jj 50 5: i0 45 3_5
LC ,r) 62 70 6-l 60 50
6 100 80 9r S L-J EO 6i
15 100 I l:i i00 lci s0
jj I E-i r60 1-r 5 10c

3_. 2:r 100 16i 125
50 l,-0 2,i 0 205 150
;-0 3+0 15 lia- 100
-r
95 400 3i5 310 2i0
i20 +s0 400 355 Jl-'

lr0 ri0 4i0 +0i i5i
1S5 51_i 500 450 .100
240 74 -i o -1u 505
E_i0 ?1G
.+ ii Lj
__r 800
e.!l &ill t:-., ! rJ ,*! .._.Jl "rsjl
ijl .:.,tt=.r,r-Jl , rJ. lb -. >:ll ,l;" 4:in.lL:. iriri
uljl j rr-.lr XPLE 6,rLEr fusi.l 4+*U:n ccqr$ Jlii ou.rr. (r r-r) pt r!J+
CurIetrI rsfings a d protection for Gbi€s laid ill lXe gmuEd nilu cross linked
o\'elXylene) insulated conductors
-r-ominsl Thrre rtrd fqur ror€

cross
Sirgle-{.om cxbles Trin-rorc Cabl6
Ceblcs
geo.m'irl -rrgE€st -
frgh€st Etg[est
arte qf
copPer
C.l,rrctrt trominal Cuneirt trominsl Cuirrtrt nofiinel
ratirig T|lue of rating r.alue of retitrg Talu€ of
cooiluctor
ihe fuse tle fnse ib€ fuse
mm- -{ I -{ -{ _{ .\
1.5 '31
{-1 35 25 25
53 J3 35 J4 jj
I 82 63 6i -(0 57
6 ro3 sc E: 5.i i2 53
10 i _13 if< 1 1-l 96 EO
16 1E2 150 i5i 125 126 100
.:5 2+0 :00 16-? 125

_15 290 250 195 i60
-i0 360 315 lli :00
t0 +40 355 310 2 ..:i 0
-{30 4_i0 3 70 31i
1:0 600 500 430 355

150 6-o 0 {lr
(1 +61 J00
790 7i0 5.10 450
clo 300 600 500
3C0 1050 900 6'70 630
J00 i:10 1000 710

500 i 4l0
,il
e.!rl J-ill l.r.ly iJ.. -1 e*-! .gJF-.ll ISI
iil 6U-r,"-Jl ' iu. -t5 -. -.,4t '!.4riir:6lL- iri'r.
!*Jx irlF L;r ,rs PVC 3i Xflf ;rLe fu3jr"Jl 4J*t'Jl ,i+l$l -rljJl olii- (\ V- t) eJ &q
t" Y o br.dl
Crulent rnting in mr ti-core cables llid in air at nn nmbient ternperatru-e of
I <or.
CurlEtrt prr rore in -{
trumber of
cores Rubber or P'l'C - Insulrtrd (Ebles QILPE) Irsulatrd cables
1.5 mm: 2.5 urm: 1.5 mm: 2.5 mn:

6 i5 11- i8 25
7 1J i9 17
I l3 18 16 2_1
t0 12 14 20
72 t1 15 _1 1v
i4 10 14 I i8
lo 10 f-i i: 1'.1
19 9 1i t6
2.1 8 11 10 14
30 10 9 13
31 1 E I ti
erJt J-ilI t _u iu
d,'.; o*! ,-(_"-.ll lsl
ijl 6U="r .,-.ll , iil. ^l!, ,--,.
-r:,ll "l+ i..ijs .1L-^
ilii
(Dr,lsll irr,"- J,.:. ii - !J.-ll !*JJl llp &ft..; o:iill €DLL*J sl€ rJ$ (r,r-t1 pJ,L.+ -
L.9 gtrll
.'.1+l c,lg dDL,.tsjl Lil rFi: - Lrt-,ll i#j _)# 4+! LJEII LJr.J trir,Jl -
De-ratil Facton tbr the r.aaation in ari:ient ter:r 25{
T en:perature (*'C) i0 3i 40 +f 50 (}rJ
De-nting
factor
lil,P .D ii i 0.95 0.91 B-82 0.76 0.55 0.50
De-ntilg P\IC 1l 1 0. s_i 0. si 0.76 lt-ol 0,5ii

factor
De-ia factcrs for qror.rpirr oi cabies laf il air

Numbe.r ..f .'ab1es :) 4 1 o
Cieara:rce equal to caile
:{rPF 0.9 4 C.9C 0-83
dLatllilir
I Cabies t'r< PVC 0.s1 0.78 0.71 0.75 0.t-i
De-ratins tactors for groupirg of cables [id direct in :i:t qiouad (drpth up ta ?0 cfl.
iistaace betr.--rtn r':b1e s it-r iC c'm)
\uni-',er of c.,res a:rd
N'.imber of cables
ske of the cooductor
Tfuee
Sirgle a:rd
Core ibur
2 ) 6 I o
aores
15 r].PE 0.90 0. sl 0.78 0.72 G.?0 0.68 0.66
16 -.. J 0.8s 0. s0 0.75 0.71 0.68 0.66 0.64 0.6:
Ti P\:C 0.87 n r( 0.1). 0.58 0.54 G.62 0.60 c.58
De-ra fact,:rs {or i.ariaticrl t^ T}r. heat rrsisi'.',-i;' of thr soii

Srecific beat resistigin oi the soil 2C0 (r'rn:
50 ida1r1p,l i00 1:0
I De-rzti:rg XLPE aad P\..C 18 0.8 0 0.6

fac tor
D<-ratin iact.-',rs ior cables oir racks

\unr"oe r la ':rs on rack lirl l
De-ratin3 ,'{LPE ald 1r.5.5 0..i s D.il C.l;- tJ._-
iact.--',r PYC
lJl ,l. ;ll
ed r*-: ,sr,,,-.tt lrSt
L:-l i.l
i_Jl 6lL- r,--Jt ).^t1r-.ytt .tri,in6rL- \,in

.
(\zoltage Drop) €ll d $iJl r- t - t
..J+1SJ| !l+.,:- upGJl 'e.ll 419 j,-!!l .J+Kll ; +=Jl -r.iill+ ', -t
-+,,trr
:,JEJIS i-,j r, ,'iLll '"Jilil .:a;;. L^9* a-.'.n 4J
C,^.,*.]1
SJI .,Jc rr-:",
..)tryl JJ lo "-ii ,-r
.gr"ll Cl /t o;i .r--,,
fL .-, ",jhll ,r++ill L Lill ;.- Lii-.,6..: t_r-+ ' s+l! .r-i $61! u] ..,- DS.,
6
:jYl yJl Gl.o r.+rilil 4JL

e.=. L9_j-.,:; gai caSJl....,LJl ;!i oY IJI
".ris:,
).&Jl Jllil aJL

r
DA 2.Li. **
: d!.5,
.(+lLsYl rr+ cr"ii^) ,-,L;tt &St 4jk-,r 4rl+ r.l5 'e i\l ; sill : Au
.
;,J.r.Y 1,., ,J'riJl Jtr6ll : I
:ilL,tsll J,.L i
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i.=.;Ji 69:,-i Jl)iJl Ji,,1ll

i'l il1" - ,-
rcos0
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10{,0
L--lts
.,-,\,r;\\-., JlSll +JL€-.,J !l+ crr 'e >\l ,r! :irill : Au

.(J:l;ll aJ-i:3 a.=.
!l 4 "*is.)
.-2+-Y1.., LniJl rt+ll : I
.;PJt j,lsJl let : I
s.!)t J-ill l.r_, ! e-t ",-l , cr"--tt .rst
tJ Jl nU*. ,-Jl .r ).11. .-r r.ill ol,^ .Litl crl L- . i 'iii

.
^l
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.a--.
-eY
l ,r:).i $,iJl )1+ll ,J-nlL
t""9-
a, = ,,5 Li
1000
r+!
.(qil , (.:-\-r..'r,, pli.\ dl.rlL. r.-l$l ;-.,'1.j. Ll:.., .',1 '€lil r;l rsill Au
\.Jv|,v...-..:...
"*
;s1.YL aill -,1r:11
I
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tuAs]y,.-iYt ul.K.!l L-;[L r
, LI<I l- , L-Jl ,l -ll i,ill , LL- coso
+J'+ Ut^j (I) 4nLJl OF 4*K a-=.-p.as:.)-i ,.!+Ji #1

i.F+,J1lsX : i.E*L
Y *ll tl.L.ll 4--1,.,* 61r cr),lSl .'-;.:l:Jl illJl ,"; G) +Kl a-rii- C
--.1.,...= a+ a-.,',r ;r..,S) I

ClJl 4.=1,,." .:li u.r\tSll :+ii? L"i ,r- V. 1o :.,-i
:.r-'Y1S V .ll .t JrJl
,-1il .s:l.si rLr^!! _.11:'.il dL - \
rcosq + IsrnQ
At : 2.I.i.
1000
1,, \)1r^\l
4:.Jll .siL 4+.rlH - t
':-\11\
rcosQ + Isinq
tr1 = ,!.L1.
1000
: d,-,"
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. ,r.JJ$y.ri0.1 ,ii ;s-.,.r
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.i
Xf ffc=r a'S *t'P q'G i-t ?"c't'
r5r (r -r \ ) '{'ttr<iJ =1.. 1fff f rr+ iDlFi<rr St.y l45l- &"q. tEtc tr'frr
i{rrt l-lUl.lilv Irl llL'Jll:ll fiOVa Orr!'?(lr:;tlfrrlr lrlJr,urlJ JO l?nootl.r
oourt oooa4 ooooa ooo0r 0oo9r .rooel oooi,r 0.o0or o(roc oooll ooov oooz
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Jolf,r)|)r(r:r ilrll lr, uo-rr lurl(.)llJi5-sJor,) ol.luJ oror-C c r,t (lorJ) u(jritlo/\
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rsf (; - I r ) gc"ci4a =-1o 1g.fl, f rf+ f:rNn Eltr.y ItI7. ("{jr rnrr. rr 1fr1 1fl'cr :lr
:lrltll r:llr-Jdr.rv lil luDtt.tl llaya, OUV ?{ S ItHI J tu|tn-J :tO J.Jn0OU.,
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6s;Jl
c,tt^-..r ,r-Jl , 'r. -t5 .,)ill .!* a.rir3 6ll-- - \,;i
dDl+lSll J.aill t')1 t-t-t
PVC + fu.ejrild+E!:6-all,ollJt "',-3JiJl+ -i

Thermal Short Circuit Rating of PVC
:iCUl ;,^;,:6il , c-'!il '.:ill Jl,'r L:--.-:..:
*:t, 9
: &,-s'
*ilt ;!:: IK
_*"i J],slr,.yill
+iilL J"ill _.rF -),.,',i_r : t
ell #!.,-ul &yx,r."-)l eliJl +=t"-: q
i-i) dsil rr!r-.r I o\ o.- v. gri'"-,,F1 i+-.,. u+ -,iU-! i-UJl "rA .sli-,
,.F. ;l^;, (l
PVC lL ijrj" it c,>Jlsl l.lL ; rt-r !l tl"i. Lt*j .r^fu >il ,E ,e ij)Jl
.ai,Ui :.O,jl du+i"l
XLPE & fu$rJl CDLISI Os.Jl ,ulFJl /aill Jl+ -+

Thermai Short Circuit Rating of XLPE
aO.Jl r-r" ,.-s]1 J1=n .;L.= 6e
0 .o-
rr{: 144
: ,'..-
.-)tî J]Jst+ i;ilI p-il| -)ln : IK

.+]Xt "-il! _1V u-r ,-r:: t
\ Al
Ir
e.1rl J,-ill J..p-.r
ed Lr-! dL,,-Jl :JSlt
61Jl otL-..r ,.r=Jl ir' -lL e,ill .1+ i;;i 6tL- :.,in
,
.g,;Jl
r *^-!l-&.;*Jl el,s^ r-=L*" : q
.,, o\ o . - ,r,o ;^;,!Jl t r i ;:t5J iC),Jl o:e .eg-e
LJ J...!1 tl.L 4.-L^r -t_i_.,J| .rj ":!ll rrj ;e i-!)Jl rF.r"y (t o-t) rJs;ll o+..,-,-i
.4-E,ul 4-D."ll ,-d"i. XPLE lt ,{j"-.ll cJ.'Sil il1.=
._^t
t,,9-1
Yil -i
er-l
_^ i D\ie
I vv
,.lcRgiis
ri -j
I
+-l i2[{ mm:
i
I lrrtl
70C mm
1A- \fro *-'

E
U
i- mm
!_
:J nm
(-) mm
10
I 2O mmr
I
7 iS r,mr
6 i5i rr'mt
5
i2l i;mi
__i
i
J -.1
I
7i nrmr
I
J
il r.'iii'
I
I
I
I
0. c2 0i 0.1 0.0 0.8 1.0 2.0 16
Dur-ation of short-circirit ( S0C0l-r dr)

-J
{L # tri:-.Jl {DL"ardl e}3,.J tL,*., tl$ ce i:5al1 f!*..s.3j (t t-t) JS
,p.jt3.,;.aUt
.(,;aii:.,' u: ' +tsJl cDl,aldl ,.11i c+El) PVC 6:rr fu.ejr*-I {Dl+91
elrl J-ill Losls
i; cJ"Jt .rjst
,
"*-!
L/ 6tl-.,,-Jr .j.Jl. -"dl ,L^:..i,r3 sl.ts i,iii
^rJl
100 -
90-
80- XLPt
70-
nADr
UNULI
r
EGJ rnm'
50
mrf
{tt rn.q.'r
3!0 mnr
'.4
2{0 m#
+g 185 mmr
(1) 150 mnJ

t_
t- l0- 120 m#
f 9-
O E-
i- 95 mm!
0- 70 mmr
5-
1- 50 mm!
1
JJ TMT
25 rnnr
2
10 mmr
0.1 t.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 1.0 LO J.O
Durotion of short-circuit (seconds)
;ll-.=j L.'ri,Jt ct),aJdl gltill Lu,.a.e g*;fu ydJl lE ce+ eeyrjt

eL*.s"s, (t o-t) Js*,
. (cFill" E;;+-LJl {Dl,-rdl 611 dJEl XLPE i.lQ fu$l."ll ,:.y',,lsJ
,_,lJt , L-ill L-u i,t -,; ,*-! ,-rr"--tt 1St
eil .t)'=.r,,-Jl ' u'^t5 -.>ill .1;":+inolL-' irin
crJLJ+Sl +lJill 1!:4 o- [
L$* t -s-t
aI-^l Lrri.ll aiJl -,8 Lbl ,t,Lll

+ir: c..,U=.- +yl4-)'us:;s 4J-) Dl"l
i$'!i=,) 'LJaS J", il=" cLl! di=e ,1',;'.''U.!+.\.,;aS;,-. Jlr,r^.r)s,i1*Jl
. ,"rJl I,G--xx ajnLill ]€',LJ;:.=^.il r-r" [i V i,; +;,
q.UU-- Vt \j,#i Lh.s.'U$ Y-e-t
'"-x+Y
!j diE-:.îi ::. , 'o--i lrgi-ri ',,..lii i9-:i .:..,1i ,+LrJsSl 'J\-.',\l ai--- eiJi1 c.ri ,,'i;
.A.LJL AIIJI
+tJ+Sll '.Jt*rll i.[-o €rlr+J JJe !'-o-t
,-!i+".i ,"i e-iti ..-.,.:oll ,1r. a;i! aJ"=- ,l+3 4J'-i'"J6rJl ,.r-tln=. )i irrL.\l 'rjlll i!,!
4.-1., \l ;1-!^r ,ly,-i]ll ;9.i:-i aJ:L-iry I a+-Ul iii!'"ll ,-ii-- Lq ',L1\l cl.s3 ;.. :.r"
"x
.4-liJl
"ul-.Fll 6rs3 etS.r"J LJIJLJI &LiElCl t-o-t
.$;Jl ol .-', r./ !t'5Y1 L;UJI 'rjd! : '1ril1
.LlgYr !cL-2: UJJJ
(turbo charger).,-s-r+ obA dF,-: g. :3!3 i--,;^; &d'+;,., ,FJ" ;)e-/ .4: : r:!-dl
..:. gll oL pl,i, crar, :U- Jl ..:l

L- ';$ .!* ;i .E t r,Jdl
. t;i;^ll e!*r9 ji lil.UliS : ;;1:'J I ;";:,.,
V -i-.),= _ri , i. Ll _rLniil + 4-=[.]l 4-u!'"J.,ill 15J dJ[!A-Yl ,--nj

erJt d-il1 l"_r_.,
! ld ,*! , rrs.ll
"*-tt
g;Jl otL-..r ,..-..ll .n.^lb-.l.&ll .1r^cixotL-" +iii
6F;l -r:._e ({ .++-.) (fl_rlJt Lii.+..- t/ 4ill\i:.rS- tll ioJ,- }.i: N i-:S- 111 q-:p-
4Ll"^ll'+ f+) ,r,*St ill ...U"5i
f _r.*
60
H,
:.r-.'Y K .:r'io-l.]! i.'j1,
Yd r
". . :=; rlrlg 1 . . ,-.'^ ,-fi c..,1<JJ
JJ I.. . \.+ irlqjS 1r. . ;. :.l.rr!<, r. . ar JSi
yJ vo. s5 t o. . .r" _.,.6j
JlJl t- - 6lir.L o-o- t
u],-ll etJA riL
.,,!- Jl '"J.,!
;* .,19i e',--i <i;r:/',' . . v .llr+
'!dl 41"Ii.:" J$: -
.Jiljl ;ldl ,..!n pli,.jr- \-JJ'

'l,all
:=L :;9 -
1-o ,'' ,-+ Y fi6* J* ;. i --!: ('l urbo Charger) rtp: el*l ;rs.Li ,l *', .l .::o -
.dl-^-.ll ::'L 4. "J*-; ,15
"!A
,''lri.!^! orL;)'e i)^l ))). {+l^. r+ 4!,;r+ .!Jl ;-'*^;.)+-y d"; + -
"]i. ,;]
.,,!Jt eL-:_e;3
-lJl , t. -ill \.r-,r i; ll
.. ^1 a*-! , t"Jl r3sll
g.,lll c.,tt=.j u=Jl , 'u. ^lb ,-1r.i)l ,!, tuiji 61L- - i:iii
,4_pll prb
u+ .;Lul L.LJ (Silencer oi."< '"\) ,'y . -\l ,-aii-; a:LJl _x-!_rJ , c-,Fl i;Jl ;tc!p
,i it^tt '!r"iLl=a^.frLjj+).,:= '+Jl i,!=:..=.-,,;,:CJdJ,rJ-!l !r-._r +lc
. eL"-i]l .r. oL.-1lLr
.a*\ " d.p ,-E., Y i.i1 . . .: J*:arJ 4lli :|;. .ei -,"- 1 ':.+ arUl _r-F ,,L er+ ui +,+ -
gE: t *-t' p:*Jl ;9-!-e. ,J":.-,;r'*,JJj .i-- .]..l.: l:LJl -;-..\i" ls;,r 4 ri ,,., -
lss!;ir
.--:u.Yl ;i ;!alt ,i l"lt5Jr -,.c,
, +iiiir a-.,j,Jl e.L!e:Jl ;* Jji.,.n

o[ o
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.;U="Y I u^ L€+L=J ,1GJ*ll
-$llLJ{j
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tl,;'11
glr'r J+e 4'J{+ l'LnaYl ','iJ -
-'r! rrlr:\l 'or.s, i=1301 ,+r'll c,r idJl 6,!Jl +"r )J'qJ\l cD[*i-l o ok\
r51 atl*.-:J :
.J,nJli fuU.:lb ,l,,;,-ill uLJ.,-\-

ei;ll _r+ 416,
.- oYA ;L,';-=.i:b uJl fu-# (J.L i!il--\l ,,,r, -
4'f-tt ;-r5
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cj4JEll adA:1l
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c.Ul LlL-ill L_r-,,
r:.i ,r-! l'r_r,- tt .-rstt
gjl 61L'"r r..,-ll ' '9 ^lb rill 'l;" :+in 61L-. \ix
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.tltll .i1- . -,
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oJlrtl r+ eli V-6- f
t'l.,er-)-t ;\! 'rlil ' !'!^ ;Jljj e+ ..',;

. 6!j.dl 2ri .+ c.,lS-r= X (iS;,-Jl o.9:1..,+t lJ*) il:LJ<S-
. J+syl '+rli c..,lj c,'S'p^!j I-r; '^t1 opL -
Ht-rl*s'1h$ rq
: +L;ul ,ra tl \-1 I$c 4,J1ll lLiiill t6. L-l,p
r iS.:rll crlrir-.it ,p le:ii<', a-!il a,j]*:ll cr.! --,)11 gruli .:i: a:+:l c-,L;Jajl Lj*:6 -
"'-5g^r'6
Jri,i ;c'lls_, ',-r4 i ,J:it^X , oYA

':\yn .15,=. J+E ,:]F L.-.r: cs'-t )i ,-- -
'':L-"+l
. +Slji c6:tr.; .--.".2r'tii e,;1 .J+,--9"t r" LJ.l.sj dr-,lS jll^,l-l --'-j -
r.,lSJ=- LE..:i ro ,H 6L-,tLJl js-iJ .t\ill dJljlSL ;aue c.,L..)r-t$ jJ.=L: ,IrG5 iJIJ -
. c,lsrJl djiS ,l-ii drLJll.i\l ,
',=j! prr cr:]l f*Jl -,,F1 .l-r (Jll 4iL:YL , 'i\ ill
e.!rl d-il| l"r_,: r:
f:d gr*! e-"Jl :3Sl ,
6r-rll ol.L=.j ,.r--ll ,. ^t1, .--l.,l.ill ,lJ. ir:iri 61L-

, ir.i
-\-sr",a.tl e!g\ fl.rYl rq
:i!r-.,1u1
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eLlru (_y_r.f) ,!jA .t;L; j^ '-/-s \ 1 Jl '-r-s v
",r ejA ,!o L:..^ ;q -
'#+ LF.-; .-rc drLL''--e c!:
c...,!,-::c;,;:=lrJl '"JJl j'el+Ui4xl .Ldl L^s]tL,!jJl nL.!-,,+-DjSOi -.! -
.6"Sl^X;:,il 1S*i Ej.4 ls ,r-j, ,Jrii .Li^lj, ,j..|,=Il L:.i, i-,1:Y i
"-Jl
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J+l ; Lli* + -
. jYr*Jl ri ,'*", r5ll
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#i"SUt is!ill etEj 1-t

(Automation system)
:a=J;ll 1-LYl ;,,-'r:Jl
o.rc PLC e-j-l q+ill -<-:ll U'")+ f'}: e..i q,c-oi.:
.t\:.i...-\L;611 aglJl ,i o
'"LJ;ll
iF-ilr ,U! ,i 6;'.ul & cJlirYi -,x+i c
.c.,l2UJ c.i-e-s-e Protective interface dF
o LJ.n,=Jl ol:'-e
".++
"!t'{l
4JSJ'"jl ,..r'Jl -".-jr Jr,.-:Yl
aU; sL t'A c;.Jl PLC e--p^ll -;lJl -<''.-n o
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. i,';luj,i J;-.SJ oJ+ oJtr_, I '-rS ah": s:Jl e-Fil i1l ..'; o
.ols:Jl iS-,= r:rlj:L._e Solenoids +$r,Ut aUIJI_, c,lol;)l eB- e Jl ',;6-*i 6
',-.-.,1,,\.'J! +ll .Un 4-.,tlr r 4+eJl LN! ;L;Yl ;s interface Jl o
PLC e{+All q3hsJl fsLjl

.:LJl qlii J!'1-l' aJtJ ::rt:SIYI iJtJl ol:=3 PLC Jl a,ir..,
slii,,.Jl
LJ.l1 ,_3-l ,S-:tl j!e: ,-r ,'',--, E 'Jue <11 ',rlrJl ,.-r U'J Y alrill "r{+ 4liJl
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c.iul J.-ill L-l iu x,'^.: ,*! ,E --tt grst
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rsJl dijj ,,-u!t ,is-tt e.ult l.5ilrJt +dr J:6Eir .a.,,Js!t aJEJt
, tui- rrtl'J Iq5stjt"ru
pLe ll L+Jr:
4-,slr r ,=-i9il1 drjl j ,<-',\l JL.i .rs a-.::s" irrr-,<! ill a,. ,Jlt PLC -ll
e-1j;4 c..lig *j,.l d aj:i.:L,JJI u. a-:^+- PLC ll \lr, .i--,lt -Jl crl:\-"ll
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,Jr;-:,::t
all_r., 6lFY'_r
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-u.!..,-
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(larJ-r
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ri. ,+-:J! 4i+.". asJ'- i-F dl- cs-J* dl eE : ) ,Ji(.j,l.J qjS,,rliYl
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.PLC 11 & ,Lii ,s3^ LK+,i eLc -tt
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f:ii,ld! 4,=trll ;JslJl

ai.iY i a'dJ , r+Lji]l A-l"-9.: turSîi dr''*j!nll ,>-F3 .
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al_x 1.{.lsi-) dE:ll ;,J:.1_, CPU 4Js!l iJ\.l ;:=_:4l=-!.j,, l.+li"Jl
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الكود المصري لاسس تصميم و تنفيذ محطات تنقية مياه الشرب 2017

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الكود المصري لاسس تصميم و تنفيذ محطات تنقية مياه الشرب 2017

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