2.2 WORKING with 2D VECTORS 1, Name the following vectors in 2 ways and write down the components: D a b) 6 @ (elu ( @ y 1 rl fw » 7 we wr A a pe 5 RT TE So 7 ele ‘e s i) G k) a ~ 4 He B= a [4 R Ww P Cc Q 2. Draw representations of the following vectors on squared paper. 3 —3 > (4 by) we = dy aB- @) ) ow 4) © (2) @ (4 3. Calculate the magnitude of each of the vectors in questions 1 and 2 above leaving your answers as surds in their simplest form, 3 7 12) 4. Find b ~ of © Gl ° Bl © Pegasys 20122.2 ADDITION of VECTORS using DIRECTED LINE SEGMENTS. 1. (Draw diagrams on squared paper to illustrate u + v for each pair of vectors given. Gi) State the components of the resultant vector and calculate its magnitude leaving your answers as a surd in its simplest form ((a) ©) )| iw a Tu Se (@ [wr Cnr ut 2. @ Draw diagrams on squared to illustrate @ + 6 for each the following pairs of vectors. (ii) State the components of the resultant vector and calculate its magnitude. @ © © @) © Pegasys 20123. The diagram shows 3 vectors a, 6 and ¢. Barbet tht (i) Draw diagrams on squared paper to represent: (@) a+b () ate © bte @ (@tbyte © a+(bto) (ii) For each resultant vector, state the components and calculate its magnitude correct to one decimal place. 4. @ For the vectors in question 3 draw representations of these vectors. (@) 2a (b) 36 (©) 0-5e (a) 2b (@® 4a (ed (g) 3a+2b 0 (hy) c+ 4a (ii) State the components of each of the vectors above and calculate the magnitude leaving answers as a surd in its simplest form. 5. The diagram shows 3 vectors x, y and z @ Draw diagrams to represent: (@ xty (by xtz © yt @ @&tyte @ xt(yte) Gi) Calculate, correct to one decimal place: (@) Ix+yl (b) |x +zl @® Iy+zl @ Ie+y) +2 © Ix+(yto) © Pegasys 20126. For the vectors in question 5, calculate: (a) [2x| ) [3yl © |0-sz| @ || @ |-4| © kl (e) |3x+2y| ) | 4y +32 SUBTRACTION of VECTORS using DIRECTED LINE SEGMENTS. 1. Draw diagrams on squared paper to illustrate w — v for each pair of vectors given. (i) State the components of the resultant vector and calculate its magnitude leaving your answers as surds in their simplest form. ia o 6) tf " y a , AW i@_| lol t | d u 4 *| ) (2) iw Le bh) ow 4 aT \ F © Pegasys 20122. () Draw diagrams on squared to illustrate a — b for each the following pairs of vectors. (ii) State the components of the resultant vector and calculate its magnitude correct to one decimal place. (-4 ( = ‘) b) 3 b= @) (bh) @ | ‘) 4] © (ad) © © (g) (h) @ @ 3. The diagram shows 3 vectors a, b and c. SN a e (Draw diagrams on squared paper to represent: (@) a-6 (b) ae © b-e (@) (@+b)-e () a-(b-e) Gi) Calculate, correct to two decimal places @) |a-5] @) |a-e| © |b (@) |\(a@+5)- (@ |a-@-0)| © Pegasys 20124. The diagram shows 3 vectors x, y and z. @ Draw diagrams to represent: (a) x-y (b) xz (©) yrz (d) (&-y)-z (e) x-(y-2) (i) For each resultant vector, state the components and calculate its magnitude correct to one decimal place. 5. The diagram shows 3 vectors x, y and z. (@ Draw diagrams on squared paper to show: (@) x+y (b) 32+2y Bete @ z+4xe (e) 3x-4y () 3x-z (g) 3y-2e (hy = —3y—2z (carefull) (ii) State the components of each resultant vector above and calculate its magnitude correct to 3 significant figures. © Pegasys 2012VECTOR JOURNEYS in 2D Part 1 1. Express each of the following displacements in terms of vectors a and b. @ 2 ©» & © R R @ R © R KO a b * In the diagram AB = 2DC. Express each of the following displacements in terms of vectors v and w. * Cc @ & ® CA © AB » @ B& © BBD B A 3. In the diagram °M’ is the mid — point of BC. Express each of the following displacements in terms of vectors p and g @® GB o Be @ BM (d) AM A EFGH is a parallelogram. ‘M’ is the mid point of side HG. c Express each of the following displacements in terms of vectors a and b. (a) FG (b) GH () GM y M G a) FM @ b E : F 5. Inthe diagram AB is parallel to PR. Q PA=lem and PQ=3em Find in terms of x and/or y the vectors represented by — — A B @ AQ ) @B y R © Pegasys 2012CTOR JOURNEYS in 2D Part 2 1. (a) Express in terms of @ and 6. = T @ PS Gi) ST (b) 1 QR=2PG, show that RS can be expressed as 2 R ma @ Express in terms of vectors v and w. @ B® BC @ A j, find the components of the displacement AC. Express in terms of p and q. (a) AB (b) AF () OF (ab, a =i and q= ‘1, find the components. Hf p = 4) Zyand q@= 5) find the components of OF and hence its magnitude correct to 1 decimal place. (a) Express in terms of @ and b:- ® 3B w AC wy OC (b) If Mis the mid-point of OC show that:= © Pegasys 20122.2 WORKING with 3D COORDINATES and VECTORS 1. For each diagram, write down the coordinates of the point A and the components of the vector OA, @ ; (b) © 2 @ (e) (fh © Pegasys 2012(h) ) 1) @ Oo z © Pegasys 2012(n) (p) (0) = Calculate the magnitude of each of the vectors in question 1 correct to one decimal place. © Pegasys 20123. State the coordinates of each vertex of the cuboid shown in the diagram. G FU2, 4,6) D E y c B a * 4. A cube of side 6 units is placed on coordinate axes as shown in the diagram. Write down the coordinates of each vertex of the cube. 5. This shape is made up from 2 congruent trapezia and 2 congruent isosceles triangles. From the information given in the diagram, write down the coordinates of cach corner of the shape. © Pegasys 20126. State the coordinates of each vertex of the square based pyramid shown in the diagram, 7. Acuboid is placed on coordinate axes as shown, The dimensions of the cuboid are in the ratio OA: AB: BF = 4:1:2 ‘The point F has coordinates (12, p, q) as shown. te F(2p.@) o A *e Establish the values of p and q and write down the coordinates of all the vertices of the cuboid. 8 Write in component form (a) () © @) © wo © Pegasys 20129, For each of these diagrams express v in terms of i,j and &. @ : @ © Pegasys 20122.3 USING VECTOR COMPONENTS ‘Adding or subtracting 2 or 3 dimensional vectors using components. 1. Foreach pair of vectors: (i) Write down the components of w and . (ii) Find the components of the resultant vector u + v (iii) Find the components of the resultant vector v— (iv) _ Find the components of the resultant vector 2v + 30 (¥) Find the components of the resultant vector 3v — 4u (a) (0) (o)) (fg) TT on 2\(-4 -1 2. uw, wand w are 3 vectors with components | ¢ ( ; jan ( ’ respectively. Find the components of the following: (a) 2u+3v (b) 3u-6v (©) 3w+2v 0 (d) 4u-2w 0 (@) Bu 4y (Bw (g) 3u—6v +20 (nh) 2u+3v—4w @ 3u-2v+0 © Pegasys 20123. Calculate the magnitude of each of these vectors giving answers to one decimal place: 2) (3 1) -3 (@) p=|3 (b) v=] 4 @ r=|-3] @ t=] 0 4 -7 2 4 (6 1 2 5 @ w«=|-1| © =|1 (® a=|-1| @y 6=|-12 4, ° | 4 - 4. u,v and ware 3 vectors with components ‘| 8|and| 5 ers 40 (i) Find the components of the following: (a) Qu+3v (b) 3u-6v — (e) Bw + 2v (a) 4u—2w (© -3u-4» () 3w-4u (gp) 3-6 + 2 (hb) 2u+3v—4w (i) Calculate the magnitude of each resultant vector above giving answers to | decimal place. @ If p=4i+2j-5k and q= @ pra (b) p-4@ © 4q-2p @) 3ptq © 3p-24 () 2q-3p (g) 3p +4q (hy -2q- 3j + k, express the following in component form (ii) Calculate the magnitude of each resultant vector above giving answers to | decimal place. 6. Calculate the magnitude of these vectors , leaving you answer a surd in its in simplest, form. 1 @) ou (b) 4B=| 1 (©) 1=3i-2j+5k 5 \ (a) t where point T has coordinates(V3, V5,2V2) (e) v= V3k+j-Ti 7. Given that v = 2k -34 + 4k, u = Si + aj—k have the same magnitude, calculate the value of aifa>0. © Pegasys 201210. 1. 12. 14. 15. 2\ (4 2 A skater is suspended by three wires with forces |3|J 8 |and] 5 | acting on them, \4)\0/ -1 Calculate the resultant force and its magnitude correct to 3 significant figures where necessary, (4 (2 Ifw=| 1 2 |, solve each vector equation for x. (3 5 (a) wtx=y (b) u+x=2v © Wwt3v=4u-x @ } express these in component form: } (@) rts (b) 34-28 © (-s)+t @ r-(s+h (i) Find:(a) [ar +s] (by [3¢-28] (@&) [re-set] @ [r-G rol Two forces are represented by the vectors. K = 2i + j — 3k and Fy-i+4k. Find the magnitude of the resultant foree K+ F Two veetors are defined as V, = 4i + j + VBK and V, =8i + V24j + av3k where a is a constant and all coefficients of i , j and & are greater than zero. Given that | ¥,| = 2|%|_ , calculate the value of a. 3) Vector a has components @ = . If |a|=4, calculate the value(s) of k. kK) Calculate the length of vector a defined as a = 4i + 2V3j-2V2k Vectors a and b are defined by a=i+j+2k and b =3i-j. Find the components of 2a — b and calculate its magnitude. © Pegasys 2012