/( 9 Habitat Networks and Biological Conservation Racnaa J Hoans 9.1 Introduction Ths hip ceminsie dea o tt evors and how thes hae Secs Fis, xpi the cence Iie he es aa newer, pa ey the mead fot plac sesaer nt anope contac pct a Secnsstity. ad te elena making up achores Thos Teas lng fe, td pitti of Pain hwo tough he nik comp wellhead a ind sponse all pre liken develo tc pcp sp Hace clog in the comes reat networks ance ba rome tha pe as mpietion Ie! wh ocean ro etree appa w ees tee os, 9.2 Concepis, Principles, and Emerging Ideas Previn tts have ined bw lancape ptm, particu on fbi opment an allen prince ted amet base Ie sory ceed at htt oscuton ad ermetoe live avery Jpn bth be Wiis and wht syste a eon Sour cst ance an Brey 997, Schwan 1917) These ue hm the rao ‘nate fbi faemeriaos of rung Mba it sae tre nana ites. ad pacts chance rounds masts om Sane pon ee paca ore more svee an wae wider yuma ey ‘Mes mst xeaing steno Eth (Vito a 18, 92.1 Reserves in Contest he caleba conser atin so dea ellecivly with ens 0 at oly und penal (eu te pene otha ata A eage conservation oy iy cnc a bth veel ad la cin ‘gto hs preven of erie les tno enon el pane hoy &noagosemresial angen, or amma one eae See re shi parc push andy ne ‘ental con fe ln an nia ai ta pcs asi ace aman pope thevngenca nw evewed ele blr cael by. arn en Tice of pecan deve ascent achat ona cata esa tly mange ch phe Mower Hi Be ouch ag wi nal ee Feblen ota reer age Fs erie woven Malloch 1996 yt meapopaAON Sk ah es ‘ued ino anemblagen of breding popula ‘es ppelations ha seme effec faa pal shen ann eae 92.2 Conectiviy ‘Tb ay of consisrion ha st jt inva egrets 0 of abs naaer Aha AGL cement iat ‘econoTe ee en penricur ee 97 ered Wi reseeeneeesle St fen fF Pept a Specnpensrerte tice tlt of abt ene wy el dept on nso tabi een ae c ooh Pays 3 Kol athe Patch Fein Sipe nce a re nas erecta (ani) ib condo FOE ete om Porn (13 “eae peer pom oppo idan ocean) tay he ae 92 Schmt mitios« Ape diene Potty a sion pe 9.2.8 Networks bit stort ts ase to Reset ees ci(ease ete errr oi ene es aad / ee ee ee compensa tn ory, appcton of hese leas general seems fall shor (Noss aed Cooper 1994), wath only few naples aru he wor in which ants hove been del opsaonalice 1095; Harwell a 1996) Neverthe, hee ‘er of stration mesings From seas atean hs bee given 0 pol baspeteecrvcy nas elem na neal 1 age of Seale) and ‘ucstions of conectiiy, a sxablsbed in winch modes of ptsbes) cou he itgrted ilo a stm wala bale zones and sonnets Soci a nctwork could oiemtalyopcste a » uber of erent pata cals [ {ctor at etna ocr rane, be, aun th mori nek Fgae94) 1 Eops may plan fo coal nl slopes a bit metvorks ould be h-vuloe taba Ge, hey reserves or bia‘et ms het ean pan een of he itopen w Ata al fale, sch efor) hive ec ndere frome ine Fo tan the ‘Boroprertaadyicne (aba newes)ha fe Frome Get the Ween Raed an coda ane he ceo Sct ioe Ue eee Planniag actives recognize he concept hited sbowe. pasta Ihe epee “Action! lemetton wl undo telly pe ‘seal plarning) The actaal effectiveness of uch activities canal yet be usted 2.3.2. Greenways in Eastern North America “oomierable intrest Bas develope vecnly in eens (Aber (99S, Faber 99S; Linchan ta 1903) There are developed s ikapes between ope mares rks od re primal for hare recreation ot aesete eoyment (Lille 80; Srith and Hellman 190), bo hey may nents prove omeene sip tes of eeseration (Hay 1991), “The wes of eresnsays bso he cones of once ii) nt of rework, aout does rt dicey relief hal thkcape context Aa chanple ofthe ssp and ison fr the developmen! of few occurs nthe St of Mayland i the Unie lates sitewide pele gucensays, rcp avers a of lees bobs and linkages, uch tnean valleys, dgstops, and lity ctor, x envisaged 8 2 mae com Uiesecly a desely pope 93.2 Farm and cava Seca ego her eenal a [ee tte nd ats or aas teat cation eae aa aa Srracemge fet ere Chee pe pee ci ata eee eae place in many parts of the world, and the rae task bs 40: nee Te ence ta fond eel ae ee ee p= 9.4.1 Integrate the Management of Different Landscape Elements leven on mse waegaion of er he developmen! one aniebjest any hen Ate hort develop Sone ener nsw (ipo tier land ses (Nose 1092, Soul 1993), whee bes ee he ed caeseeiopngcoaservan network ese wih tange ober th. The htt whch eter of tiie is posnbte depen tage) on soi plaice truce a sues Upends are wether be ee iy sche te gous seas for tem Tp sehcwe einer nope elon pines equ ‘fectveoess. the apie 0.42 Consider the Type of Landscape to Be Managed at etapa ln ee ae pl The pata aoe wal Oa ace pe of bninage tng wim ne et url Gua pale pine Ew sho mE gee em lind ea hy OO EEE [ee essa pts cece fc bee an net Rages agi! ads ted Den on gpa (Pay ree Samy ceca ei mc dae hes and nr comectns HAD com flag le mam nd a a (rating overheats -onatevton at OP eth pry ans nl, is P= ee ao ke » sane thoveguetars seed te aaes = ee (0) —— wrattes ] om by depicting roe shiny levels of miicaton Moco cst a founce tvaraio intielandcape overond above he sraighformart opal plerning use oy vegan dente mosing states Is se, 0 tice ena Hl evenly eal w hai destection “the levels of modicon sepicted 9 Fare 90 eet te erdeey for fabian become pogresively more modified wih ercsins Keel of de Stacton, ovine Yo te poeressey pester proportion of elge i remain aiats Theoret’ all combust of tain desucion and oie adieas cole lo pct is hgh unite find ell even a frogmencd, lance coating anneied renans. This corrinsion of Teneo dexiraction and ders of rxiction sa enpertant conser fe management plang ‘Melrye nd Hobs (2901) supesed hatte famowoc lisa in Figure 195 ean asi in deidng wher onthe lndcae io aloe grater and lesser protection or mimigementefors Tree princes fr applying leap ele ogy ait maragament low ame 938 ne betta ares mse tapered saps Maen 945 Improve Degraded Habitats: tegen coraon of on yg More ctve mangement ma be pee renal of ei pee, resection hams The second pony et io some way tree te pcs whereas i gente to ee twcnerine meses Sets, rong sh Sel pene bree ay Recon abs where hei ing elena reinrodato apes, nals not action hat tal lncscapes. We have to recognize restr atwas fo thet unmaied Pantin eng bi ny een nde revie paller rea tou fi tnd opovie ional1629. Habwat Networks and Biotngscal Conservation “rv i), Mygne tenn its nab a ym ea Ce trove es in osicaun Aor an owes SE AEaEeCS aa pence th ret ot i 1 Bad om sues 6 the remaining hitb lig in gps md eres ((: Sea eencmnsete Clear Goals 9.4.7 Develop Strategic Responses Wi Peeeereees cfc sions 1 comeratio blo can be developed we tessa poate ans pea oe Tas lees developing a cle eof consraon jective air tha 96 8 ace signee cf at (carbck 1997) On et of ejects eles a a [aievceat ofa cmpretnive, deuat, ad reresenal set pene ats eats Ge Cop 07 Race colar RECT OSE {abn wo the adeuacy of eiing remnant veyeation (at ony srr). The pre SANE ETTORE ay AMEE canbe phd Dy udettvng eto key of Yo apecin Fie 96, Lambeck 1997) Tis FASE TRTT OF RUNES pis, Fel pl a “Praicipesclesppectes (Lanteck 1097 sce sus Caper 2) Por bub terwork be ellie we ced 1 eet out wat pes we ae pov the network an how testes wore eeerlly ce pies. spat ln Sipe dy gen ey fel sie spi cath of whe a ‘sof he adage tax movement they can move bet se te bythe Tite species, whose bance fg dhe a ‘Conservation objectseons fo pct sof re) 6 deci, for emmple mh ee se forcridre erin ovo of cle abt phos Lack (199) Nijecoed he detent ofa pee «ep Senet tan sn he prodeton of uaa gore union hier fee "rst ios engl ks plex weorarees ny ox ee Chapter M 95 Knowledge Gaps 95.1 Theorencal Voids cops he compraed of pes of ba set na rm of mona Iuccmipec iw of dierent anape nents combo © pve pate lseyng bia sad maven ae Tis ees cele age {ter ae neous here enter otk eee ‘Manors ed epation visit nel ve wfc ee poey ta tend her ssumplons cles emai teed nan arty mad deisavalahe and ison abot spb hy inp arta fecal Metpoplainn el also eal ol ato is (maby oe of changin in Making sch winds poly exo, ta be Seape conipunton can be ei res halenge: Alene (oat Ty pact of ehansing andi cameo the Jamis pea Species ve only meal begon Broke tal 199) Asean and co ately ler of ih Cidrs sed peel pormliy of tee bd stop leet an ac ha ees develope ies 1296, 197) A Chace orev een tote the tes iyparance ade atladcape cee (cule was) and varon whoa Uy er eonionnithin phe, has yet o be oly developed Th esol me evo make tony mudetndig ard deen hail etwas 95.2 Empirical Voids (Or abit 6 dsign tit necks sie by ut Know edge of bom spec. aren we the accape al Bow hy may expo o chnge othe ance ‘Moning fom gencal piepes deve rom conservation Delos 1 spec _quntaive pict be oacone of parca ata sil problema “Maintenance and deelopst of aba ewes requires hat we ca 58 caren san opal geare an dec pes af marge chen Soe Beater (terns fk fatmetappelaioe mdlng bse on pion Sau sons met eve pl poplin mei a. Bestop uae aos 6 lata utili se apt ‘memes of Boke reponse vation here parse Ctl ate Ten requed of wheter acu achaly wf ancnaly arpa fests o lances and an eect dla frees anes HEE ‘copes or charges m acl scapes Ina eps toward Bas cha ripaing pruleresues gut crite OF is en Slaton abundances eres pba) 3, Developmen of dmgle Reon amen a aeginehy dered he Sse for dexsloping rte for oh Terence. Melpiyre ar anes (199 2000 tut eal afmad gamed fom ar i sail sewn Chee Soke ghana berey efkbes toes Sores’ (+ Rene cob. ent This incl developing ace tsensh fame at spall exten and orga of he lentes we with. 9.6.2 Approaches for Empirical Research Tornoe fm geared rine to pty expt nde iva Oo ths we ore he lowing esench compan 1. Asvessnst ol spcierpesific bit i npr pei ea thon cl deed soy of di pein, er mae yd servation fan experiment ual modsig (emanates ses The ppc he mont tcl let tal aes linia spe comin oer org eng psc Ge see ge ‘aio ft pecs ue? cofsbration 1 eee a ator a owenoneeal Vaaven, a cnet tt often omy ied ihe cous These ced fo be comme wh are tap sss che, which fin arcu specs oF fous of yes ond ea be wie a he as fret in re eid aden while prowling ap! wo caret anagem de lbs Experiment sce yc vane da anda comes frien dha denyed frm ler sources (eg, Lavance nd Banepa 1997) Finally thes luvew be combi eesti) wi ie modeling flrs ewe shone 2. Quanitatve assesment ofthe elation beween lanibapepaterms an bi tc compestn or populion sais and dynannce. Ths sing ink te Scaich on networks coidrin ofthe ioe respons changes nad ‘Scape configuration. Th ype of nfrmubion wal be eneponlly iu 2 ‘sing be Sa Rel ona arooah RH al Yalow1689 evar devo Rag Cnrton Mra tp, 7A er Fl Gai ‘Susie dagen gconcranes oepyauain eee noe ees sa ndton mA haw nd ME Oink Be Nae cae Re e (eerie WE Hetencpy M178 Ween Dee thle 120A tcp agra o conyers Satararcen ae ren ne yan eben 8 Fen sd WT Pu 9159-48 Ron Wr Co Ingram BA. a Ar CW. 190 ede ey ots, 14, Sten, 1A, Lab de yn A ht Mia AR 90 Cage iy ‘rs arate Pagan Laas vats Svc Prac pol Nene Conon, eR Hr D'A Shd p 8-08 Now We Spear see tiepn ee, L24. Carden, pin sn ert crseraon oj la Ry Cvs samp Eelgy se 3 Da tod RGM Bunce py 265279 Pron Unied Rigs Inettanl Avex lt edhe E1998 tenpnerbin Grates to blonmnes ttre Np ‘hese Sts Cary Us ‘saga RHLG 125, Nore american Exo: tela ei ‘ewer Ce Ch Pon W108 ola 1 ad Wa 1988. A Merch vw of Bait iad ‘yee el [9 Gelopcal Ther nl pico dt Peon and “VF Pater pp 58-78 New or Colon ner Ps.