I.

Introduction
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a type of cancer that affects the larynx, commonly
known as the voice box. It arises from the squamous cells lining the inside of the larynx. The larynx is a
crucial organ responsible for producing sound and facilitating breathing. LSCC is the most common type
of cancer affecting the larynx. Risk factors for developing laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma include
(1)Smoking: Tobacco smoke, including cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, significantly increases the risk of
developing LSCC. (2)Alcohol consumption: Heavy and long-term alcohol consumption is another
significant risk factor. (3) Combined tobacco and alcohol use: The risk of developing LSCC increases
dramatically with the combined use of tobacco and alcohol. (4)Age: Laryngeal cancer occurs most
frequently in people over the age of 55. Symptoms of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma includes
persistent hoarseness, chronic cough or sore throat, difficulty swallowing, ear pain, breathing difficulties.

INCLUDE also relevant STATISTICS (international, national and local statistics) about the CASE.
(could be internet source)

II. Statement of Objectives

A. General Objectives
This case analysis aims to increase the understanding and knowledge of student nurses on the case,
how to alleviate symptoms, prevent complications, and promote recovery in individuals diagnosed with
laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stage 4A (T4AN2CMX), Transglottic through appropriate medical
care, supportive measures, and health education.

B. Specific Objectives

Specifically, this case analysis aims to:

1. Define what is Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2. Explain the pathophysiology of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stage 4A (T4AN2CMX), Transglottic
3. Determine the underlying causes of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

4. Explain the medicinal and surgical procedures used for managing Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

5. Construct nursing care plans that are suitable for the patient in accordance with the outcome of the
assessment.

6. Determine the kind of care that should be provided to the patient and family to encourage continuity of care
and independence following discharge.

III. Patient’s Profile

Name : Patient X
Ethnic Background : Ilocano
Civil Status : Widowed
Religion : Roman Catholic
Occupation :

Admitting Diagnosis : Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stage

4A (T4AN2CMX), Transglottic
Final/Principal Diagnosis : N/A
 Date and Time Admitted : 03-01-24, 3:49 pm

IV. Chief Complaint

Patient X was admitted at Baguio General Hospital and Medical Center in the ENT ward of the chief
complaint of anterior neck mass.

V. Present History of Illness

Patient X is a known case of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma; S/P tracheostomy tube insertion. 2
years prior to consultation, she experienced sudden hoarseness of voice with no associated fever, dyspnea,
dysphagia, odynophagia, weight loss, heat/cold intolerance. No associated headache, fever, dysphagia, and
odynophagia. No consultations done nor medications taken. Interim revealed persistence of signs and
symptoms but no interventions done. 7 months prior to consultation, the patient sought consult in another
institution where tracheostomy tube insertion, direct laryngoscopy and biopsy was done revealing laryngeal
mass, glottis. She has also undergone a (1) CT-Scan and a (2) metastatic ultrasound work-up (due to multiple
cervical lymphadenopathies) which revealed (1) transglottic laryngeal mass with extensions and mass effects,
bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy, worrisome for metastasis; enlarged thyroid gland with multiple calcified
and non-calcified thyroid nodules, (2) cholelithiasis; sonographically unremarkable liver, pancreas, spleen,
abdominal aorta and kidneys; atrophic uterus; clear adnexae.

VI. Past History of Illness

Patient X was diagnosed in 2004 of hypertension and maintained on Amlodipine 5mg once daily.
Patient X underwent appendectomy in 2002.

VII. Family Health History

Patient x has paternal and maternal hypertension, no other heredofamilial diseases such as heart disease,
diabetes, cancer, goiter.

VIII. Developmental History

She is currently living with her family. She is 63 years old, and at the stage of middle adulthood and
is under Generativity vs. Stagnation in Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development theory. This stage refers to
any individual who is 40-65 years old. Initiative is personal quality that shows a willingness to get things done
and take responsibility. During our assessment, she is active; she responds to questions by writing it down to a
piece paper or with gestures when she is being asked. She maintains a good relationship with her family.
During our 1st, 2nd, and 3rd day, during our shift we suction the secretion on her tracheostomy.

IX. Social and Environmental History

She is a Filipino citizen, widowed and a house wife. She and his family are Roman Catholic and have
no religious practice that might hinder them from receiving appropriate medical treatment for her condition.
She is permanently residing at Pao Norte, San Fernando, La Union together with her family. Her family are
engaged in fishing. Their family resides in a one storey house made up of semi-permanent and permanent
materials such as wood and cement. 2 rooms are shared among the family. She verbalized that their house has
an adequate living space for the family. They own tricycle and also rely on public transportation. The water
source that they have in their area is water pumping but they also have access to purified drinking water. He
has no allergy to medications and he is oriented to time and place, including his stay within the hospital.
X. Lifestyle and Health Practices
Patient X has a 48-year history of tobacco smoking, consuming 10-15 tobacco sticks a day. She is an
occasional alcoholic beverage drinker. No known allergies to food and medications