wjM¨vg cÖkeœ ¨vsK (we‡RGm I evi KvDwÝj cix¶v) 1

cÖ‡kœi c¨vUvb©

mvsweavwbK
vsweavwbK AvBb, ‡Rbv‡ij K¬‡Rm A¨v± I AvB‡bi e¨vL¨vi aviYv

mgq: 3 NÈv c~Y©gvb 100

[evsjv A_ev Bs‡iwR †h-‡Kv‡bv
‡Kv‡bv GKwU fvlvq DËi w`‡Z n‡e; Z‡e †UKwbK¨vj k㸇jv †h-
†Kv‡bv fvlvq †jLv hv‡e]
hv‡e

‘K’ Ask
†h-‡Kv‡bv
‡Kv‡bv 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi wjL‡Z n‡e; 4 × 20 = 80
 mvsweavwbK AvBb................................................
................................. 80
[‘mvsweavwbK AvBb’ †_‡K 6wU cÖkœ _vK‡e; Zb¥a¨ †_‡K 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi wjL‡Z n‡e ]

‘L’ Ask
†h-‡Kv‡bv
‡Kv‡bv 1wU cÖ‡kœi DËi wjL‡Z n‡e; 1 × 20 = 20
 The General Clauses Act, 1897 .................
 AvB‡bi e¨vL¨vi aviYv ..........................................
............................. 20
[ ‘The General Clauses Act’ †_‡K 1wU + ‘AvB‡bi
AvB‡bi e¨vL¨vi aviYv’
aviYv †_‡K 1wU; †gvU
2wU cÖkœ _vK‡e; Zb¥a¨ †_‡K 1wU cÖ‡kœi DËi wjL‡Z n‡e ]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
we‡kl `ªóe¨:
‘13k we‡RGm cixÿv 2019’ †_‡K bZzb wm‡jev‡mi Av‡jv‡K m¤c~Y© bZzb c¨vUv‡b© cÖkœ n‡”Q|
we‡RGmwm 3q- 12k we‡RGm cixÿv¸‡jv‡ZI wm‡jevm †ek K‡qKevi cwieZ©b K‡iwQj; ZvB
welqwfwËK cÖ¯‘wZi myweav‡_© bZzb wm‡jev‡mi Av‡jv‡K cyivZb wm‡jev‡mi gvbeÈbmn kZ©hy³
cÖkœ¸‡jv‡K mv‡â±wfwËK †cÖÖ‡R›U K‡iwQ|| cÖkœ¸‡jv‡Z `„wócvZ
ócv Ki‡jB Avcwb Zv mn‡RB eyS‡Z
cvi‡eb|
†mv, †jUm ÷vU©...............

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 wjM¨vg cÖkeœ ¨vsK (we‡RGm I evi KvDwÝj cix¶v) 2

mvsweavwbK AvBb
 15kk we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2022
20 
[ 6wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]

১। (ক) সংিবধানেক কন এক জািতর আ জীবনী িহসােব িবেবচনা করা হ ? আেলাচনা ক ন।১২

(খ) "গণ জাত ী বাংলােদেশর সংিবধান সকল কার বষ ও অসমতা রীকরেণ
িত িতব ।' সংিবধােনর াবনা বিণ ত ল ও উে ে এর আেলােক আেলাচনা
ক ন। সংিবধােনর াবনা িক সংেশাধন করা যা ? ০৮

২। (ক) ধানম ী কীভােব িনব াহী িবভাগ ছা াও রাে র অপর ই িবভাগ এবং অ া সাংিবধািনক
িত ােনর গঠন ও াধীন কায েম ইিতবাচক িমকা রেখ ন দান করেত পােরন?
পােরন
গণ জাত ী বাংলােদেশর সংিবধােন বিণ ত ধানম ীর মতা ও কায াবিল উে খ ব ক
আেলাচনা ক ন। ১২
(খ) বাংলােদেশর
েশর সংিবধান সংসেদর কােছ মি সভার মি েদর সামি ক ও ি গত জবাবিদিহতা
কত িনি ত কের? আেলাচনা ক ন। ০৮

৩। (ক) বাংলােদেশর সংিবধান রাে র িতন অে র মে যথাযথ ভারসা (check and

balance) িনি ত কের কীভােব আইেনর শাসন িত া কের?
কের াসি ক আইন এবং নিজর
উে খ ব ক আেলাচনা ক ন।
(খ) ' িডিস াল িরিভউ' ' মতা ত ীকরণ নীিতর' পিরপ ী বেল আপিন মেন কেরন িক?
িক

৪। (ক) 'গণ জাত ী বাংলােদেশর সংিবধান নাগিরেকর জীবন,

জীবন াধীনতা, ফতার, আটক ও শাি
সং া র াকবচ'- গণ জাত ী বাংলােদেশর সংিবধােনর সংি অ ে দস েহর
আেলােক এই ম র যথাথ তা িন পণ ক ন। ০৮
(খ) আপীল িবভাগ ক ক Bangladesh vs Blast মামলা [69 DLR (AD) 63]
ফতার, িলিশ হফাজত এবং িরমা িবষে সংি ক প েক অ সরণী ও িতপালনী
িনেদ শনা েলার বণ না িদন। ১২
৫। (ক) ৪৮(৩) অ ে দ ারা রা পিতর দাি পালেন য িন ণ আেরািপত হে েছ তা ১১৮
অ ে েদর অধীন িনব াচন কিমশন গঠন ও াধীনভােব কিমশেনর দাি পালেনর একমা
অ রা বেল আপিন মেন কেরন িক? সংিবধান পিরবতন ছা াই বাংলােদেশ
বাংলােদ এক াধীন,
িনরেপ ও কায কর িনব াচন কিমশন িত া ও পিরচালনা স ব িক?
িক ি ও সাংিবধািনক
উ িতসহ আেলাচনা ক ন। ১২
(খ) সংিবধােনর ১২৫ ও ১২৬ অ ে েদ িনব াচন কিমশনেক যভােব মতা ন করা হে েছ তার
ে ােগ কীভােব িনব াচন কিমশন াধীন কায ম পালন করেত পাের?
পাের ০৮
৬। (ক) সাংিবধািনক াধাে র প বণ না ক ন। বাংলােদশ সংিবধােনর (প ম সংেশাধন) আইন,
১৯৭৯ এর ারা সংিবধােনর ৪থথ তফসীেল সংেযািজত ১৮ নং দফা কীভােব সাংিবধািনক
াধা েক খব কেরিছল। উ আদালেতর নিজেরর আেলােক আেলাচনা ক ন। ১৫
(খ) অসাংিবধািনক বা শি ে ােগর মা েম সংিবধান বা এর কােনা অ ে দ রদ বা বািতেলর
কী পিরমাণ দ আেরাপ করা যেত পাের?? ০৫

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 wjM¨vg cÖkeœ ¨vsK (we‡RGm I evi KvDwÝj cix¶v) 3

 14kk we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2021

20 
[ 6wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb hyw³msMZ
msMZ mxgve×Zv Av‡iv‡ci gva¨‡g †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii
wbðqZv weavb K‡i‡Q| msweav‡b DwjøwLZ wewfbœ †gŠwjK AwaKvi †fv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î
Av‡ivwcZ AvBbvbyM mxgve×Zv KZUzKz b¨vq msMZ Zv cixÿv K‡i gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY
Kiæb| 20
02. mvsweavwbK cwiwai g‡a¨ †_‡KB ivóªcwZ wbe©vnx, AvBb I wePvi wefvM cwiPvjbvq
e¨vcK f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡ib| msweav‡b DwjøwLZ ivóªcwZi `vwqZ¡ I mxgve×Zv
mswkøó weavbvewji Av‡jv‡K
‡K gšÍe¨wUi h_v_©Zv hvPvB Kiæb|
Ki 20
03. (K) msm`xq cÖvwaKvi e¨ZxZ msm` m`m¨MY Zv‡`i Dci msweavb KZ…©K Av‡ivwcZ
`vwqZ¡ mwVKfv‡e cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| msm` m`m¨M‡Yi mvsweavwbK `vwqZ¡,
cÖvwaKvi I mxgve×Zvi Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 12
(L) msm‡`i wbKU cÖavbgš¿x I gš¿xmfvi mvsweavwbK `vqe×Zvi cÖK…wZ e¨vL¨v
Kiæb| GB `vqe×Zv‡K Kxfv‡e AviI Kvh©©Ki Kiv hvq e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib? 8
04. (K) msweav‡bi ms‡kvabxmg~n wewfbœ ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges Ab¨vb¨
cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y Avbv nq; Z‡e, msweav‡bi AmvsweavwbK
Am ms‡kvabx P‚ovšÍfv‡e
cÖK…Z mvsweavwbKZv‡K webó K‡i| evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi cÖvmw½K ms‡kvabxmg~‡ni
Av‡jv‡K GB e³e¨wUi
e¨wUi Zvrch© Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| 12
(L) msweav‡bi KvVv‡gvMZ ¯Í¤m ¢ g~n ms‡kvabx Øviv †Kv‡bviƒc cwieZ©b‡hvM¨ bq
e‡j g‡b K‡ib wK? Avcbvi Ae¯’’v‡bi ¯^c‡ÿ cÖvmw½K AvBb Ges bwRi
(precedent) Dc¯’vcbc~e©K we‡kølY Kiæb| 8
05. (K) evsjv‡`k msweavb Abymv‡i cÖK…Z ÿgZv ¯^Zš¿xKiY Kvh©Kifv‡e cÖwZôv Kiv
Am¤¢e e‡j g‡b K‡ib wK? Avcbvi gZvg‡Zi ¯^c‡ÿ hyw³ Dc¯’vcbc~e©K Av‡jvPbv
Kiæb| 14
(L) ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZmg~‡ni m‡½ ؇›Øi †ÿ‡Î †gŠwjK AwaKvi m¤úwK©Z
weavbmg~n cÖvavb¨ cv‡e wKbv bwRi D‡jøLc~e©K D`vniYmn Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| 6
06. (K) cÖ¯Ívebvq DwjøwLZ cÖavb A½xKvimg~n msweav‡bi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b wKfv‡e
cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| 12
(L) evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b Doctrine of Severability Kxfv‡e ¯’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q
e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 8

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 wjM¨vg cÖkeœ ¨vsK (we‡RGm I evi KvDwÝj cix¶v) 4

 13k we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2019 

[ 6wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki wbe©vnx wefvM I AvBbmfvi m¤úK© we‡kølY Kiæb| GB
`yB wefv‡Mi m¤úK© wKfv‡e MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi msm`xq cÖK…wZ‡K
cÖfvweZ K‡i?
L) "iv‡óªi wbivcËv hLb ûgwKi gy‡L, ZLb mgv‡Ri mvgwMÖK ¯^v_©‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡q
e¨w³i AwaKvi I ¯^vaxbZv ¯’wMZ Kiv hvq" MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi
Av‡jv‡K Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
02. K) "While
While exercising the writ jurisdiction under Article 102 of
the Constitution, the High Court Division is a Court of law and
not a Court of equity and it also cannot pass any order for ends
of justice. The High Court Division must act in terms of the
letters of Article 102 of the Constitution and not beyond that
taking into consideration what would be good or bad under the
principle of equity" –[Government
[Government of Bangladesh vs Zafar
Brothers Limited (2017) 69 DLR (AD) 52] Dw³wU e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
L) Òm¤ú~Y© b¨vqwePvi Kivi ÿgZvÓ K_vwU Øviv Kx ‡evSvq? GB ÿgZv e¨env‡ii
kZ©¸‡jv Kx? ivóª ebvg `dv`vi gvidZ Avjx kvn [(2016) 68 DLR (AD)
13] gvgjvi D‡jøLmn DËi w`b|
03. K) Doctrine of Legitimate Expectation Kx? KLb GKRb e¨w³ D³
bxwZ‡Z AwaKvi `vex Ki‡Z cv‡i? e¨vL¨v
L¨v Kiæb|
L) Ômsÿzä e¨w³ÕÕ K_vwU Kxfv‡e KvRx †gvL‡jmyi ingvb ebvg evsjv‡`k [26
DLR (SC) 44] Ges W. gwnDÏxb dviæK ebvg evsjv‡`k [(1997) 49 DLR
(AD) 1] gvgjvq D`vifv‡e e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q? evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¯^v_©g~jK gvgjvi
weKv‡k D³ gvgjv `yBwUi cÖfve g~j¨vqb Kiæb|
04. Ò‡h mKj gnvb Av`k© Avgv‡`i exi RbMY‡K RvZxq gyw³ msMÖv‡g AvZ¥wb‡qvM I
exi knx`w`M‡K cÖv‡YvrmM© Kwi‡Z DØy× KwiqvwQj-
KwiqvwQj RvZxqZvev`, mgvRZš¿,
MYZš¿ I ag©wbi‡cÿZvi
ÿZvi ‡mB mKj Av`k© GB msweav‡bi g~jbxwZ nB‡e|Ó Ñ
fvlv Av‡›`vjb, 1954 mv‡ji wbe©vPb, Qq `dv Av‡›`vjb, 1969 Gi MY-Afz
MY ¨Ìvb,
1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb Ges e½eÜzi 7B gv‡P©i HwZnvwmK fvl‡Y DÌvwcZ
ivR‰bwZK `vexmg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi cÖ¯Ívebvi GB As‡ki
h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb Kiæb|
05. 5g ms‡kvabx [Khondker Delwar Hossain vs Bangladesh Italian
Marble Works (2010) 62 DLR (AD) 298] Ges 7g ms‡kvabx
[Siddique Ahmed vs Government of Bangladesh (2013) 65 DLR
(AD) 8] gvgjvq mycÖxg †KvU© Gi ch©‡eÿY Ges hyw³Õi ¸iæZ¡ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|

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 wjM¨vg cÖkeœ ¨vsK (we‡RGm I evi KvDwÝj cix¶v) 5

06. evsjv‡`k mycÖxg †KvU© G wePviK wb‡qvM c×wZ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© gvgjvi
wm×v‡šÍi Av‡jv‡K ‘eligibility criteria’ Gi g~j¨vqb Kiæb| evsjv‡`k mycÖxg
†KvU© Gi wePviK Acmvi‡Yi †Kvb c×wZ †hŠw³K †hŠw e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib?
gZvg‡Zi mc‡ÿ hyw³ w`b|
 12k we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2018 
[ 4wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 2wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) ÔAvB‡bi kvmbÕÑGi A_© I Dcv`vb¸‡jv e¨vL¨v Kiæb| AvB‡bi kvmb m¤úwK©Z
A V DiceyÕiÕi aviYvi AvšÍR©vwZK we¯Ív‡ii weeiY w`b| 15
L) ÒAvB‡bi kvmb e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZv‡K AwaKZii wbwðZ K‡iÓÑ
K‡iÓ e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 05
02. K) evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq msm‡`i MVb, ÿgZv I Kvh©vewj Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| msm‡`i
ÿgZvi mvsweavwbK mxgve×Zv¸‡jv Kx? 10
L) msm` I msm`-m`m¨‡`i
m`m¨‡`i we‡kl AwaKvi I `vqgyw³ eY©bv Kiæb| msm`-
m`m¨‡`i miKvwi Kg©KZ©v wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv hvq wK? Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| 10
03. Òiv‡óªi wbe©vnx A½mg~n nB‡Z wePviwefv‡Mi c„_KxKiY ivóª wbwðZ Kwi‡ebÓ Ñ
MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 22 Aby‡”Q‡`i GB wb‡`©kbv ev¯Íevq‡b
mvsweavwbK KvVv‡gvq AwaKZi ¯úóxKiY Riæix| gvm`vi †nv‡mb gvgjvi
cÖvmw½KZvq †Kvb †Kvb †ÿ‡Î ¯úóxKiY Riæix æix e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib? Dˇii
mc‡ÿ hyw³ w`b| 20
04. Òmsweav‡bi †gŠjKvVv‡gv‡K cwieZ©b K‡i AvbxZ †Kv‡bv ms‡kvabx mgvavb bq,
eis Zv bZzb mgm¨vi Rb¥ †`q- evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi †h-‡Kv‡bv
†h wZbwU ms‡kvabxi
Av‡jv‡K GB gšÍe¨wUi Zvrch© we‡kølY Kiæb| 20
 11k we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2017 
[ 4wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 2wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b mwbœ‡ewkZ †gŠwjK AwaKvi Ges ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZi
cv_©K¨ wbiƒcY Kiæb| GB AwaKvi¸‡jv wK ejer Kiv hvq? hw` hvq, Z‡e
Kxfv‡e? 20
02. ÿgZv c„_KxKiY gZev` e¨vL¨v Kiæb| hy³ivR¨,
³ hy³ivóª Ges evsjv‡`‡ki
msweav‡b GB ÿgZv KZUzKz c„_K Kiv n‡q‡Q? 20
03. evsjv‡`‡k Kx Kx Ae¯’vq Riæix Ae¯’v †NvlYv Kiv hvq? Riæix Ae¯’vi mgq
bvMwiK‡`i †Kvb †Kvb †gŠwjK AwaKvi Le© K‡i AvBb cÖYqb Kiv hvq? Riæix
Ae¯’v Aemv‡bi ci Gme AvB‡bi AvBbMZ Ae¯’vb Kx? 20
04. evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kva‡bi c×wZ I mxgve×Zv Ômsweav‡bi †gŠj KvVv‡gvÕ
Z‡Ë¡i Av‡jv‡K Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| msweavbavb (‡lvok ms‡kvabx) AvB‡b M„nxZ
evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi ms‡kvabxmg~n ms‡ÿ‡c D‡jøL Kiæb| 20

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 10k we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2015 

[ 4wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 2wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) msm`xq miKvi e¨e¯’vq gš¿x‡`i `vwqZ¡kxjZv (Ministerial Responsibility)
†K Avcwb Kxfv‡e msÁvwqZ Ki‡eb? Giƒc `vwqZ¡kxjZv KZ cÖKv‡ii n‡Z cv‡i?
msm`xq miKvi e¨e¯’vq gš¿x‡`i `vwqZ¡kxjZv †Kb ¸iæZ¡c~Y©?
L) evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b RvZxq msm‡`i wbKU gš¿x‡`i `vwqZ¡kxjZv Kxfv‡e
wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q? Giƒc `vwqZ¡kxjZv KZUzKz Kvh©Ki? msweav‡bi cÖvmw½K
Aby‡”Q` D‡jøLc~e©K Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
M) msweav‡bi 70 Aby‡”Q‡`i Kvi‡Y AvBb cÖYq‡bi †ÿ‡Î wbe©vnx wefvM I RvZxq
msm‡`i ga¨Kvi cv_©K¨ wejxb n‡q‡QÑ Avcwb wK GB e³‡e¨ie mv‡_ GKgZ?
Avcbvi Dˇii mc‡ÿ hyw³ cÖ`k©b Kiæb|
02. evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi
weav‡bi 102(2) Aby‡”Q` Abyhvqx wewfbœ cÖKvi ix‡Ui Rb¨ †K
Av‡e`b Ki‡Z cv‡i? ix‡Ui Rb¨ Av‡e`‡bi cÖm‡½ Ômsÿzä e¨w³Õ
e¨w K_vwU Kxfv‡e
†gvL‡jmyi ingvb ebvg evsjv‡`k (1974) Ges gwnDwÏb dviæK ebvg evsjv‡`k
(1996) gvgjvq D`vifv‡e e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q?
03. K) msm`xq cÖvavb¨ (Supremacy of Parliament) Ges mvsweavwbK cÖvavb¨
(Supremacy of Constitution)-Gi Gi g‡a¨ Avcwb Kxfv‡e cv_©K¨ Ki‡eb?
hy³ivR¨ I hy³ivóª Gi msweav‡bi Av‡jv‡K Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
L) Avcwb wK g‡b K‡ib †h, hy³iv‡R¨i msm‡`i gZ evsjv‡`‡ki
evsjv‡`‡k msm` mve©‡fŠg?
Avcbvi Dˇii mc‡ÿ hyw³ w`b|
04. K) evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb‡K †Kb †`‡ki m‡e©v”P AvB‡bi gh©v`v †`Iqv
†` n‡q‡Q?
cÖRvZ‡š¿i mKj ÿgZv †Kej msweav‡bi Aax‡b Kvh©K‡ii eva¨evaKZv msµvšÍ
weavbwUi D‡Ïk¨ Kx?
L) wbe©vnx wefvM, AvBbmfv I wePvi wefvM- G wZbwU ivóªxq A‡½i mvsweavwbK
Ae¯’vb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|

 9g we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2014 

[ 7wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) Zzwg wK g‡b Ki, Ò¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvcÎÓ evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g msweavb? †Zvgvi
Dˇii †hŠw³KZv wbiƒcY Ki|
L) 26 gvP©, 1971 n‡Z 16 wW‡m¤^i, 1972 ch©šÍ mg‡qi g‡a¨ K…Z mKj miKvwi
Kg©KvÐ Ges cvmK…Z AvBbmg~‡ni mvsweavwbK I AvBbMZ ˆeaZv g~j¨vqb Ki|
02. K) Òb¨vh¨ cÖZ¨vkv bxwZÓ Kx? wKfv‡e GKRb e¨w³
e¨w D³ bxwZ‡Z AwaKvi `vex
Ki‡Z cv‡i? e¨vL¨v Ki|

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L) msweav‡bi 102(2) Aby‡”Q‡` D×…Z Ômsÿzä e¨w³Õ Awfe¨w³wU Wt gwnDwÏb

dviæK ebvg evsjv‡`k gvgjvq wKfv‡e D`vi e¨vL¨vi cÖZx‡K cwiYZ n‡q‡Q?
evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¯^v_© gvgjvi weKv‡k D³ gvgjvi cÖfve g~j¨vqb Ki|
03. ÔwePvi wefvMxq cybtwe‡ePbvÕÑ Gi A_© Kx? wePvi wefvMxq cybtwe‡ePbv msµvšÍ
evsjv‡`‡ki mvsweavwbK ch©‡eÿYµ‡g Gi mv‡_ hy³iv‡R¨i wePvi wefvMxq
cybtwe‡ePbvi ˆewkó¨mg~‡ni Zzjbv Ki|
04. ¯’vbxq miKvi msµvšÍ ÔcÖkvmwbK GKKÕ ej‡Z Kx eyS? Ò¯’vbxq cÖwZôvbmg~n
†`‡ki MYZš¿ Ges evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi ‡gŠwjK AeKvVv‡gv‡Z e¨vcK f~wgKv
cvjb K‡i|Ó Kz`iZ-B-Gjvnx cwbi ebvg evsjv‡`k gvgjvq M„nxZ wm×v‡šÍi
Av‡jv‡K evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi mswkøó weavbvejx D‡jø‡L Dw³wUi
Dw h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY
Ki|
05. K) evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Av‡jv‡K wb¤œewY©Z gZev`mg~n e¨vL¨v Ki:
(i)) Ô‡mfvi¨vwjwUÕ I ÔGwK¬cmÕ gZev` Ges
(ii) †gŠwjK AwaKvi cwiZ¨vMKiY
¨vMKiY gZev`|
L) gvm`vi †nv‡mb gvgjvi bwR‡ii Av‡jv‡K wbe©vnx wefvM n‡Z wePvi wefv‡Mi
c„_K nevi mvsweavwbK w¯‹g Av‡jvPbv Ki|
06. K) ÒAvcxj wefv‡Mi wbKU wePvivaxb †h‡Kv‡bv gvgjv ev wel‡q m¤ú~Y© b¨vqwePvi
wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ †hiƒc cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i, D³ D †KvU© †miƒc wb‡`©k, Av‡`k,
wWwµ ev ixU Rvix Ki‡Z cv‡i|Ó cÖvmw½K ¸iæZ¡c~Y© gvgjvi bwRi D‡jø‡L e¨vL¨v
Ki|
L) Avcxj wefvM wK ¯^-D‡`¨v‡M ¯^xq ivq ev Av‡`k cybwe©‡ePbv Ki‡Z cv‡i? hw`
cv‡i, Z‡e KLb Ges wKfv‡e?
07. K) ÔRiæix Ae¯’vÕ ej‡Z Kx eyS? evsjv‡`‡k Riæix Ae¯’v †NvlYv Kivi K
c~e©kZ©mg~n Kx? KLb D³iƒciƒc †NvlYvi Kvh©KvwiZv jyß nq? Riæix Ae¯’v †NvlYv
msweav‡bi cÖvav‡b¨i aviYv‡K j•Nb K‡i wK? Av‡jvPbv Ki|
L) Riæix Ae¯’v PjvKvjxb miKv‡ii AvBb cÖYqb ÿgZvi cwimi e¨vL¨v Ki|
msweav‡bi Aax‡b †NvwlZ Riæix Ae¯’v PjvKvjxb †gŠwjK AwaKvimg~n Ges Zv‡`i
ejerKi‡Yi cš’v wel‡q g~j¨vqb Ki|
 8g we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2013 
[ 7wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. ÒwePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv Dw³wU
wU †Kvb †Kvb A‡_© e¨eüZ nq? MYZš¿ I AvB‡bi
kvmb wUwK‡q ivLvi †ÿ‡Î wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZvi ¸iæZ¡ wK? evsjv‡`‡ki wePvi
wefvM KZUzKz ¯^vaxb? Av‡jvPbv Ki|
02. evsjv‡`k msweavb ms‡kva‡bi c×wZ eY©bv Ki| G‡ÿ‡Î RvZxq msm‡`i ÿgZvi
mxgve×Zv ch©v‡jvPbv Ki| wK Kvi‡Y msweav‡bi 5g ms‡kvabx A‰ea †NvwlZ
n‡q‡Q?
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03. K) wjwLZ msweavb I AwjwLZ msweavb Gi myweav I Amyweavmg~n wK wK? wKfv‡e

msweavb mvsweavwbK AvBb I mvsweavwbKZv cwifvlv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbY©q
Ki‡e?
L) ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvcÎ Gi ¸iæZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki| GwU wK msweav‡bi
Ask?
04. Avgv‡`i †`‡k wbe©vPb Kwgkb KZUzKz ¯^vaxb? gZvg‡Zi c‡ÿ hyw³ `vI| D³
Kwgk‡bi MVb, `vwqZ¡ I Kvh©vejx eY©bv Ki| GKRb e¨w³i
e¨w †fvUvi wn‡m‡e
wbewÜZ nevi †hvM¨Zv wK wK?
05. †Wwj‡M‡UW †jwRm‡jkbm ej‡Z wK †evS? GKwU †Wwj‡M‡UW †jwRm‡jk‡bi
f~Zc~e© Kvh©KvixZv †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i wK? evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq msm‡` GKwU
G AvBb
cÖYq‡bi c×wZ eY©bv Ki| miKvix A_© n‡Z µq msµvšÍ GKwU wej wKfv‡e RvZxq
msm‡` Dc¯’vwcZ nq?
06. K) evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb Gi cÖYqbKvix KZ…©cÿ †K? KLb I wKfv‡e MYcwil`
(Constituent Assembly) MwVZ n‡qwQj? MYcwil` I RvZxq msm` Gi
ˆewkó¨MZ cv_©K¨¸‡jv wK wK?
L) evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi cÖ¯Ívebv‡K g~j msweav‡bi Kvh©Ki (Operative) Ask
wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv hvq wK? hyw³mn DËi `vI|
07. K) Òevsjv‡`‡ki msweavb `LjKvix kw³ii mv‡_ Avcm-idvi
Avcm gva¨‡g cÖvß ev †Kvb
evwn¨K mve©‡fŠg kw³ii Øviv Aby‡gvw`Z `wjj bq| GwU GKwU HwZnvwmK ¯^vaxbZv
axbZ
hy‡×i cwiYvg, hv GwU‡K Ab¨vb¨ msweavb n‡Z ¯^Zš¿ gh©v`v w`‡q‡QÓ Avgv‡`i
msweav‡bi cÖavb ˆewkó¨mg~n D‡jøLc~e©K Dw³wUi
wUi e¨vL¨v Ki|
L) †gŠwjK AwaKvi e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ welq ejer Kivi wbwg‡Ë msweav‡bi AvIZvq
Kx Kx ai‡bii ixU Av‡e`b Kivi my‡hvM Av‡Q Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
 7g we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2012 
[ 7wU †_‡K 1bs cÖkœmn †h-‡Kvb 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i Avcxj wefv‡Mi mvsweavwbK GLwZqvi Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| †Kvb
e¨w³ Avcxj wefvM cÖ`Ë †Kvb Av‡`k ev wb‡`©k cÖgvYc~e©K Av`vjZ‡K AeÁv
Ki‡j Av`vjZ D³ e¨w³ii wec‡ÿ wKfv‡e †Kvb AvB‡b e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i?
L) wK Kvi‡Y Avcxj wefvM cÖ`Ë Av‡`k I wb‡`©k nvB‡KvU©
nvB‡KvU wefvMmg~n Aat¯Íb
wbe©vnx Av`vj‡Zi Rb¨ Aek¨-cvjbxq?
cvjbxq? ÒcÖRvZ‡š¿i ivóªxq mxgvbvi AšÍf³ ©y mKj
wbe©vnx I wePvi wefvMxq KZ…©cÿ mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i mnvqZv Kwi‡eb|ÓÑ e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
02. K) evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb‡K †Kb †`‡ki m‡e©v”P AvB‡bi gh©v`v †`Iqv
†` n‡q‡Q?
cÖRvZ‡š¿i mKj ÿgZv Zv †Kej msweav‡bi Aax‡b Kvh©K‡ii eva¨evaKZv msµvšÍ
weavbwUi D‡Ïk¨ wK?
L) wbe©vnx wefvM, AvBbmfv I wePvi wefvM-G
G wZbwU ivóªxq A‡½i mvsweavwbK
Ae¯’vb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
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03. ÔG·‡cv÷ d¨v‡±v AvBbÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?Svq? evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b ÔG· †cv÷
d¨v‡±vÕ AvB‡bi Aax‡b kvw¯ÍcÖ
cÖ`vb m¤úwK©Z †Kvb weavb Av‡Q wK? gvbeZv, gvbeZv
we‡ivax Aciva ev hy× Aciv‡ai wePv‡ii c_ myMg Kivi j‡ÿ¨ msweavb (cÖ_g
ms‡kvab) AvBb, 1973 cvk n‡qwQj- Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Kiæb|
04. K) msweav‡b ewY©Z mKj †gŠwjK AwaKvimg~n evavwb‡la mv‡cÿ wK? hw` nq, D³
evav wb‡la¸‡jv wK? Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
L) evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 102 Aby‡”Q` Abymv‡i nvB‡KvU© wefvM KZ…©K Av‡`k I
wb‡`©k `v‡bi ÿgZvmg~n we‡kølY Kiæb|
05. K) evsjv‡`‡ki gš¿xmfv Kv‡`i‡K wb‡q MwVZ nq? ÒmiKv‡ii mKj wbe©vnx e¨e¯’v
ivóªcwZi bv‡g M„nxZ nBqv‡Q ewjqv qv cÖKvk Kiv nB‡e|ÓÑ G weavbwU msm`xq
MYZ‡š¿i cÖavbgš¿xi KZ…©Z¡ cÖ‡qv‡Mii mv‡_ mvsNvwl©K wKbv? gZvg‡Zi mc‡ÿ
m hyw³
w`b|
L) msm`xq MYZ‡š¿i wbe©vnx ÿgZv †K cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cv‡i? wK wK Kvi‡Y gš¿xM‡Yi
c` k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i? Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
06. K) ÔA_©wejÕ ej‡Z wK †evSvq? ivóª vóªxq †Kvb †Kvb e¨q‡K mshy³ Znwe‡ji Dci
`vqhy³ e¨q wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq?
L) Ôevwl©K Avw_©K wee„wZÕ wK? m¤ú~iK Avw_©K wee„wZ Ges AwZwi³ Avw_©K wee„wZ
KLb I wKfv‡e msm‡` Dc¯’vcb Kiv nq?
07. K) evsjv‡`k RywWwmqvj mvwf©m Kwgk‡bi Kvh©cÖYvjx
v I cÖvwZôvwbK MV‡bi jÿYxq
ˆewkó¨mg~n wK wK? mswkøó weavb D‡jø‡L Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
L) evsjv‡`k RywWwmqvj mvwf©m Kwgk‡bi †Pqvig¨vb c‡` g‡bvbqb cÖ`v‡bi weavb
wK? Kwgk‡bi †Pqvig¨vb c‡` g‡bvbqb cÖvwßi ‡ÿ‡Î cÖvK-‡hvM¨Zvmg~
K n wK wK?
 6ô we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2011 
[ 7wU †_‡K 7bs cÖkœmn †h-‡Kvb 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) mvsweavwbK cÖvavb¨ Ges mve©‡fŠg msm` G aviYv¸‡jv
aviYv wK mvsNwl©K?
L) evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq msm` KZUzKz mve©‡fŠg? mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i Avcxj wefv‡Mi 5g
ms‡kvabx gvgjvi iv‡qi Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Kiæb|
02. K) evsjv‡`‡ki
`‡ki ivóªcwZ cÖavbgš¿xi civgk© e¨wZ‡i‡K †Kvb †Kvb ÿgZv MÖ‡qvM
Ki‡Z cv‡ib?
L) cÖavbgš¿x wK wK wel‡q ivóªcwZ‡K AewnZ ivL‡eb? †Kvb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †cÖwm‡W›U
Aa¨v‡`k Rvix Ki‡Z cv‡ib?
M) Aa¨v‡`k Rvixi gva¨‡g wK evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab Kiv hvq?
hyw³mnKv‡i DËi w`b|
03. K) wbe©vnx wefv‡Mi †h †Kvb Amr ev †¯^”QvPvix Kvh©µg mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i nvB‡KvU©
wefv‡Mi mvsweavwbK GLwZqv‡ii AvIZvfz³| Avcwb wK G aviYvi mv‡_ GKgZ?

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L) ivóªcwZ‡K msweav‡bi †Kvb Aby‡”Q‡` `Û gvR©bv Kivi ÿgZv cÖ`vb Kiv

n‡q‡Q? `Û gvR©bvi Giƒc Av‡`‡ki weiæ‡× †Kv‡bv
†K Av`vj‡Z AvcwË DÌvcb Kiv
hvq wK? Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
04. K) †Kvb †Kvb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z GKRb msÿzä e¨w³ e¨w nvB‡KvU© wefv‡M ixU Av‡e`b
`v‡qi Ki‡Z cv‡i?
L) nvB‡KvU© wefvM wK wK cÖKv‡ii ixU Rvix Ki‡Z cv‡i? PvKzix †_‡K AcmvwiZ
GKRb miKvix Kg©Pvix wK Zvi Acmvi‡Yi weiæ‡× ixU `v‡qi Ki‡Z cv‡i?
Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
05. K) evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b ewY©Z †gŠwjK AwaKvi¸‡jv wK wK?
L) evsjv‡`‡ki GKRb Awaevmx msweav‡bi Z…Zxq fv‡M ewY©
e Z †Kvb †Kvb †gŠwjK
AwaKv‡ii wel‡q ix‡Ui gva¨‡g cÖwZKvi †c‡Z cv‡i?
06. wKfv‡e GKwU wej AvB‡b cwiYZ nq? evsjv‡`‡ki ivóªcwZ wK RvZxq msm‡`i
Ask? msweavb Abymv‡i †cÖwm‡W›U †Kvb †Kvb †ÿ‡Î `vqgy³ _v‡Kb? †Kv‡bv
Aa¨v‡`k Rvixi ci msm‡`i cieZ©x cÖ_g Awa‡ek‡b Zv DÌvcb
D Kiv bv n‡j
Aa¨v‡`kwUi cwiYwZ wK n‡e?
07. K) msweav‡bi 109 Aby‡”Q` Abyhvqx Aat¯Íb mKj Av`vjZ Ges UªvBey¨bv‡ji
Dci nvB‡KvU© wefv‡Mi ZË¡veavb I wbqš¿‡Yi weavb _vKvq wePvi wefv‡Mi
¯^vaxbZv evavMÖ¯Í nq wKbv? hyw³mn DËi w`b|
L) ¯^vaxb wePvi wefv‡Mi Rb¨ Avek¨Kxq
k¨Kxq m~PK¸‡jv wK wK?
M) wePviK‡g© wbhy³ mKj Kg©KZ©v Zvnv‡`i ¯^ ¯^ wePvwiK K‡g© ¯^vaxb| Av‡jvPbv
Kiæb|
 5g we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2010 
[ 7wU †_‡K 4bs cÖkœmn †h-‡Kvb 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvcÎ Ges msweavb cÖYqb msµvšÍ AvBb D‡jøLµ‡g 1972 m‡b
evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb cÖYqb I MÖn‡Yi cUf~wg ms‡ÿ‡c eY©bv Kiæb|
L) wK c×wZ‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab Kiv hvq? G hveZ KZwU msweavb
ms‡kvabx AvBb cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q? G¸‡jvii g‡a¨ †h †Kvb `ywUi welqe¯‘
welqe¯ m¤ú‡K©
ms‡ÿ‡c Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
02. Ômsweav‡bi †gŠwjK KvVv‡gvÕ ej‡Z wK †ev‡Sb? Ômsweav‡bi †gŠwjK KvVv‡gvÕ-
KvVv‡gvÕ
Z‡Ë¡i wfwˇZ evsjv‡`k mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i Avcxj wefvM cÖ`Ë GKwU iv‡qi weeiY
w`b| GB Z‡Ë¡i wec‡ÿ †Kvb gZ Av‡Q wK?
03. wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv ej‡Z wK †ev‡Sb? Avgv‡`i †`‡k wePvi wefvM wK ¯^vaxb?
D³ ¯^vaxbZv wbwðZKi‡Yi Rb¨ AviI c`‡ÿc MÖn‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q e‡j Avcwb
g‡b K‡ib wK? Dˇii mg_©‡b hyw³ w`b|

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04. evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Av‡jv‡K wb¤œewY©Z gvgjvi h_v_©Zv I m¤¢ve¨ djvdj

m¤ú‡K© hyw³mn gZvgZ w`b:
ÔKÕ `xN©w`b hveZ Amy¯’ GK cÖexY e¨w³| Zuvi wZbwZ †Q‡j-‡g‡qi mK‡jB
Avw_©Kfv‡e m”Qj| wKš‘‘ Zviv wcZvi mv‡_ emevm ev †`Lv†kvbv
†`Lv†kv K‡i bv| †m
Kvi‡Y ÔKÕ Gi Rxeb wecbœ| ZvB GKwU gvbevwaKvi ms¯’v miKvi Ges ÔKÕ Gi
†Q‡j-‡g‡q‡`i‡K weev`x K‡i GKwU ixU gvgjv K‡i‡Q| ms¯’vwU cÖv_©bv K‡i‡Q,
Av`vjZ †hb weev`xMY‡K wb‡`©k †`q †h, ÔKÕ mn †`‡ki mKj cÖexY e¨w³‡`i
e¨w
RxebhvÎvi †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb wgUv‡bv Ges Rxebiÿvi j‡ÿ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc
wb‡Z n‡e| ÔKÕ Gi †Q‡j-‡g‡qiv
‡g‡qiv Zv‡`i Rev‡e wcZvi †`Lv†kvbvi
†`Lv†kv cÖwZkÖæwZ
w`‡q‡Q| wKš‘ miKvii Reve w`‡q‡Q †h, ms¯’vwUi Giƒc gvgjv Kivi AwaKvi
(Locus Standi) bvB Ges cÖvw_©Z cÖwZKvi¸‡jv miKv‡ii Zi‡d ev¯Íevqb‡hvM¨
bq|
05. Ôevsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b hy³ivR¨ I hy³ivóª Dfq †`‡ki msweav‡b †gŠwjK ˆewk‡ó¨i
cÖwZdjb N‡U‡QÕÑ G e³‡e¨i
‡e¨i Zvrch© evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi Av‡jv‡K
Av‡ eY©bv Kiæb|
06. K) evsjv‡`k miKvix Kg© Kwgk‡bi Kvh©vejxi weeiY w`b| miKvix Kg© Kwgk‡bi
†Kvb m`m¨‡K Zuvi c` †_‡K wKfv‡e AciviY Kiv hvq?
L) evsjv‡`k RywWwmqvj mvwf©m Kwgkb cÖwZôvi cUf~wg ms‡ÿ‡c eY©bv Kiæb Ges
cÖwZôvKvix AvB‡bi D‡jøLµ‡g Kwgk‡bi MVb I Kvh©
Kvhvejxi weeiY w`b|
07. ÔZË¡veavqK miKviÕ ej‡Z wK †ev‡Sb? evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi ewY©Z GB miKvi
e¨e¯’vi ˆewkó¨mg~n Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| evsjv‡`‡k GB miKvi e¨e¯’v Ae¨vnZ ivLv
ev bv ivLvi c‡ÿ hyw³mn gZvgZ w`b|
 4_© we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2008 
[ 7wU †_‡K 7bs cÖkœmn †h-‡Kvb 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. ivóªcwZ c‡` wbe©vwPZ nIqvi †hvM¨Zv D³ ³ c‡` wbe©vPb Ges D³ c` n‡Z
AcmviY c×wZ eY©bv Kiæb| ivóªcwZi †Kvb Av‡`k Øviv †Kvb e¨w³
e¨w ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡j,
ivóªcwZ‡K e¨w³MZfv‡e
MZfv‡e `vqx K‡i †Kvb gvgjv Kiv hv‡e wK?
02. evsjv‡`k cÖRvZ‡š¿i cÖK…Z ÿgZv †K ev Kvnviv aviY K‡ib? ÿgZvi fvimvg¨
wKfv‡e iÿv Kiv nq?
03. AvB‡bi kvmb ej‡Z wK †evSvq?
Svq? Bnvi HwZnvwmK †cÖÿvcU eY©bv Kiæb| AvB‡bi
kvmb Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wK wK?
04. evsjv‡`‡k wK wK Ae¯’vq Riæix Ae¯’v †NvlYv Kiv hvq? Riæix Ae¯’vi mgq
m
bvMwiK‡`i †Kvb †Kvb †gŠwjK AwaKvi Le© K‡i AvBb cÖYqb Kiv hvq? Riæix
Ae¯’v Aemv‡bi ci Gme AvB‡bi AvBbMZ Ae¯’vb wK?
05. RvZxq msm‡` wbe©vwPZ nIqvi †hvM¨Zv I A‡hvM¨Zv eY©bv Kiæb| KLb ev †Kvb
Ae¯’vq GKRb msm‡`i m`‡m¨i Avmb k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i?

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 wjM¨vg cÖkeœ ¨vsK (we‡RGm I evi KvDwÝj cix¶v) 12

06. wbe©vPb Kwgk‡bi MVb I `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| RvZxq msm‡` wbe©vP‡bi
Rb¨ wba©vwiZ wbe©vPbx GjvKvi †fvUvi ZvwjKvq bvgfyw³i †hvM¨Zv eY©bv Kiæb|
07. mycÖxg RywWwkqvj KvDwÝj Gi MVb I `vwqZ¡ eY©bv Kiæb| mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i wePvi
e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kvb mvsweavwbK c‡` AwawôZ KviI Acmvi‡Yi
Acmvi‡ †ÿ‡Î D³
KvDw݇ji †Kvb GLwZqvi Av‡Q wK? msweav‡bi mswkøó Aby‡”Q` D‡jøLc~e©K
Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
 3q we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2007 
[ 7wU †_‡K 7bs cÖkœmn †h-‡Kvb 4wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. hy³ivR¨ I evsjv‡`‡ki mvsweavwbK D‡jøLc~e©K wjwLZ I AwjwLZ msweav‡bi g‡a¨
cv_©K¨ e¨vL¨v Kiæb| evsjv‡`‡ki mvsweavwbK PP©vq mvsweavwbK †iIqvRixwZ
D™¢ve‡bi †Kvb my‡hvM Av‡Q wK? mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i wePviK wb‡qvM KZ…K
© evsjv‡`‡ki
cÖavb wePvicwZi mv‡_ civgk© Kivi eZ©gvb Af¨v‡mi cÖK…wZ wK?
02. Av‡gwiKv hy³iv‡óªi 1789 mv‡ji wePvi wefvMxq AvB‡bi e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z wM‡q †Kvb
gvgjvq Ges †K msweav‡bi cÖvavb¨ gZev` Dc¯’vcb K‡iwQ‡jb? evsjv‡`‡k
msm`xq cÖvav‡b¨i Abycw¯’Z I mvsweavwbK cÖvavb¨ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
03. Av`vj‡Zi gva¨‡g ejer‡hvM¨ bq ZeyI ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZmg~n evsjv‡`‡ki
msweav‡b †Kb AšÍf³ z© Kiv n‡q‡Q? cuvPwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© g~jbxwZi D‡jøL Ki| GKwU
¸iæZ¡c~Y© g~jbxwZ ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P Av`vjZ KwZcq wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q| †Kvb
gvgjvq wb‡`©k¸‡jv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q? wb‡`©k¸‡jv D‡jøL Ki|
04. ‡gŠwjK
K AwaKvi ej‡Z wK eySvq? AvUwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †gŠwjK AwaKvi D‡jøL Ki|
miKvi ev ¯’vbxq KZ…©cÿ KZ…K
© hw` †Kvb †gŠwjK AwaKvi jw•NZ nq Ggb †Kvb
Av‡`k cÖ`vb ev Kvh©µg MÖnY Kiv nq, Zvn‡j †Kvb Av`vj‡Z cÖwZKvi cÖv_©bv
Ki‡Z n‡e? †gŠwjK AwaKvi msiÿ‡Yi Rb¨ Av`vjZ wKiƒc Av‡`k
Av‡ ev Av‡`kmg~n
w`‡Z cv‡i?
05. wK wK D‡Ï‡k¨ evsjv‡`k msweavb ms‡kvab Kiv hvq? Avgv‡`i msweavb
ms‡kva‡bi c×wZ wK? ms‡kva‡bi Øviv Avgv‡`i msweav‡bi †gŠwjK KvVv‡gv ev
†gŠwjK AvK…wZ cwieZ©b Kiv hvq wK? evsjv‡`k mycÖxg †Kv‡U©i Avcxj wefv‡Mi
GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wm×všÍ D‡jøLc~e©K DËi `vI|
06. ÔAvBbÕ I ÔAa¨v‡`kÕ Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wK? †Kvb †Kvb Ae¯’vq Aa¨v‡`k cÖYqb I
Rvix Kiv hvq? GKwU Aa¨v‡`‡k wK wK weavb ivLv hvq bv? GKwU Aa¨v‡`k KZKvj
ejer _vK‡Z cv‡i? msweav‡bi mswkøó weav‡bi Av‡jv‡K Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
07. wKfv‡e evsjv‡`k mywcÖ
wcÖg †KvU© MV‡bi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavb wePvicwZmn Ab¨
wePviKMY wbhy³ nb? mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i wePviK wbhy³ nIqvi †hvM¨Zvmg~n wK wK?
cÖavb wePvicwZ ev Avcxj wefv‡Mi GKRb wePviK mivmwi wbhy³ n‡Z cv‡i wK?
welqwU Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|

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 wjM¨vg cÖkeœ ¨vsK (we‡RGm I evi KvDwÝj cix¶v) 13

†Rbv‡ij K¬‡Rm G¨v± I AvB‡bi e¨vL¨vi aviYv

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1. (ক) 'actus curiae neminem gravabit' অথ াৎ 'আদালত
আদালত ক ক ত কােজর জ
প গণ িত হেব না'—এই এই নীিতমালার আেলােক The General Clauses Act,
1897 এর ১০ ধারার উে ও লে র বণ না িদন। কান কান ে এই ধারার িবধান
েযাজ হেব? ০৫
(খ) এক না শ ত াপেকর পেকর ত হণ কেরিছল। ত না শ ত াপেকর হােত
িদেত েল িগে িছল। এে ে আদালত The General Clauses Act, 1897 এর
অধীেন ডাকেযােগ না শ জাির হে েছ বেল গ করেব িক? িক আেলাচনা ক ন। ১০
(গ) 'The General Clauses Act, 1897 অ থেকও আইেনর িবিভ শাখােক িন ণ
কের' - আেলাচনা ক ন। ০৫
2. (ক) 'Locus poenitentiae' এর া া িদন। The General Clauses Act, 1897 এর
২১ ধারা এই নীিত িনিহত আেছ িক?? ১০
(খ) উ আইেনর ২১ ধারা ব ত 'Orders' শ িবচািরক আেদশেকও (judicial
order) অ কের িক? ০৫
(গ) িনে াগ ক প ক ক িনে াগ আেদশ ই র পের িক 'Locus poenitentiae' নীিতর
ে ােগ তা বািতল করা যা িক? ০৫
 14k we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2021 
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01. (K) The General Clauses Act, 1897 Gi jÿ¨ Ges D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv
Kiæb| G‡K †Kb ‘Law of all laws’ ejv nq? 10
(L) GKwU AvBb Ggbfv‡e e¨vL¨v Kiv mgxPxb hv‡Z AvB‡bi jÿ¨ Ges D‡Ïk¨
Øviv mvgvwRK jÿ¨ P‚ovšÍfv‡e AwR©Z nq? AvB‡bi e¨vL¨vi wewfbœ bxwZ Ges
c×wZi Av‡jv‡K Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| 10
02. (K) ‘The
The function of the court is to interpret a statute according to the
intent of them who made it.’ Av`vj‡Zi AvB‡bi e¨vL¨vi ¯^vaxbZvi cwiwa
D‡jøL K‡i gšÍe¨wU e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 10
(L) e¨vL¨v Kiæb: 2×05=10
(i) Ubi jus ibi remedium (ii) Audi alteram partem
 13k we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2019 
[ 2wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 1wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) "Whenever
Whenever an Act is repealed it must be considered as if it
had never existed. The effect thereof is to obliterate the Act
completely as if it had never been passed."
passed. [Durniti Daman
Commission vs Sheikh Amin Uddin (2017) 69 DLR (AD) 373]

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 wjM¨vg cÖkeœ ¨vsK (we‡RGm I evi KvDwÝj cix¶v) 14

The General Clauses Act, 1897 Ges cÖvmw½K bwR‡ii Av‡jv‡K †Kv‡bv
AvBb evwZ‡ji cwiYwZ D‡jøLmn Dw³wU e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
L) The General Clauses Act, 1897 G Ô`wjjÕ, ÔmiKvwi Pzw³Õ, ÔmiKvwi
`vqÕ, ÔmiKvwi m¤úwËÕ Ges ÔA¯’vei m¤úwËÕ Kx iƒ‡c msÁvwqZ n‡q‡Q?
02. K) ÒAvB‡bi e¨vL¨vii weavb¸‡jv †Kej wjwLZ kãvewj; Avm‡j weavb n‡”Q
Av`vj‡Zi ‡¯^”Qvaxb ÿgZv|Ó Avcwb wK mngZ †cvlY K‡ib? e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
L) ÒAv`vj‡Zi KZ©e¨ n‡”Q e¨vL¨v I cÖ‡qvM Kiv; Av`vjZ †Kv‡bv AvB‡bi a~mi
As‡ki k~b¨¯’vb c~iY Ki‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e †hLv‡b AvB‡bi †Kv‡bv Ask AvBbmfvi
we‡ePbvi Rb¨ wba©vwiZ, †mLv‡b Av`vj‡Zi †Kv‡bv cÖ‡ekvwaKvi †bB|Ó Dw³wUi
Dw
Zvrch© we‡kølYmn AvB‡bi e¨vL¨vii wewfbœ bxwZi D‡Ïk¨ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
 12k we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2018 
[wb‡¤œv³ cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b; cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) GKwU wewae× AvBb evwZ‡ji djvdj Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| 10
L) ‘X’ ‘Y’ Gi h_vh_ wVKvbvq WvKgvïj cwi‡kv‡a GKwU wjM¨vj †bvwUk cvVvq,
hv wKQzw`b c‡i ÔMÖn‡Y A¯^xKvi KivqÕ †diZ Av‡m| D³
D wjM¨vj †bvwUk Rvwii
AvBbMZ djvdj The General Clauses Act, 1897 Gi Av‡jv‡K Av‡jvPbv
Kiæb| 10
 11k we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2017 
[wb‡¤œv³ cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b; cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) AvB‡bi e¨vL¨vi g~jbxwZ mg~n Kx Kx?
L) ÔAvBbmfv KLbI fzj K‡i bvÕÑ Avcwb wK GB e³‡e¨i
e mv‡_ GKgZ? hyw³mn
DËi w`b|
 10k we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2015 
[wb‡¤œv³ cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b; cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. 1897 m‡bi General Clauses Act G ÔKviv`ÐÕ, ÔAvBbÕ, Ô¯’vei m¤úwËÕ,
Ô‡Rjv RRÕ I ÔcÖRvZ‡š¿i Kg©Õ wKfv‡e msÁvwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q?
 9g we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2014 
[ 2wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 1wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. AvB‡bi ÔAvÿwiK I D`vi e¨vL¨vÕÕ ej‡Z Kx eyS? KLb D³iƒc D e¨vL¨vi cÖkœ
DÌvwcZ nq? D³iƒc e¨vL¨vii †ÿ‡Î †Kvb †Kvb welq we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡e?
Av‡jvPbv Ki|
02. K) `vqgyw³ Aa¨v‡`k, 1975 evwZ‡ji djvdj Kx? †Kvb e¨w³ e¨w wK D³ evwZjK…Z
Aa¨v‡`‡ki Aax‡b †Kvb myiÿv PvB‡Z cv‡i? †Zvgvi Dˇii h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki|
L) wb¤œewY©Z welqmg~n msÁvwqZ Ki:
(i) msm` cÖYxZ AvBb (ii)) †Rjv RR (iii) miKvi
(iv) miKvwi m¤úwË (v)) A¯’’vei I ¯’vei m¤úwË.
m¤úwË

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 wjM¨vg cÖkeœ ¨vsK (we‡RGm I evi KvDwÝj cix¶v) 15

 8g we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2013 

[ 2wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 1wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. ÒGKwU AvB‡bi MVb web¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î D³ AvBb‡K mvgwMÖKfv‡eB we‡ePbvq wb‡Z
n‡e|Ó AvB‡bi MVb web¨vm msµvšÍ Af¨šÍixY mnvqZv (Internal Aids) Gi
bxwZgvjvi Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Ki| AvB‡bi MVb web¨vm msµvšÍ Af¨šÍixY mnvqZv
(Internal Aids) Ges evwn¨K mnvqZv (External Aids) Gi ˆewkó¨MZ
cv_©K¨¸‡jv wK wK?
02. wb¤œwjwLZ welq¸‡jvi AvBbMZ djvdj eY©bv Ki:
K) †gvKÏgv PjvKvjxb mg‡q mswkøó c×wZ‡Z AvB‡bi †Kvb weavb iwnZ n‡j;
L) GKwU †dŠR`vix gvgjvi wePvi PjvKv‡j wePvi msµvšÍ c×wZ †ndvR‡Zi
weavbmn cwiewZ©Z n‡j;
M) ivq cÖ`v‡bi ci Avcxj
j `v‡qi msµvšÍ weavb iwnZ n‡j;
N) †Kvb AvB‡bi iwnZKiY weavb iwnZ n‡j; Ges
O) GKwU gvgjvi Z`šÍ mswkøó AvBbwU iwnZ n‡j|
 7g we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2012 
[ 2wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 1wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) †`‡ki cÖPwjZ AvB‡bi ÿgZve‡j †Kvb KZ…©cÿ cÖ`Ë Av‡`k cybtwe‡ePbvi
my¯úó weavb _vK‡jI †mB KZ…©cÿ D³ Av‡`kwU AvBbMZ cybtwe‡ePbv Ki‡Z
cv‡i wK? hyw³mn DËi w`b|
L) †Kv‡bv AvB‡b Bnvi Kvh©KvwiZvi ZvwiL wbw`©ó bv _vK‡j †Kvb ZvwiL n‡Z Dnv
Kvh©Ki n‡e?
M) cÖPwjZ GKwU AvB‡bi †h wel‡q weavb Av‡Q, D³ D weavb msewjZ AvBbwU
wejyß bv K‡i cieZ©x‡Z GKB wel‡q Ab¨ GKwU AvBb cÖPwjZ n‡j AvBbvbymv‡i
†Kvb weavbwU Kvh©Ki n‡e? Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
02. K) AvB‡bi e¨vL¨v (Interpretation) I AvB‡bi MVb web¨vm (Construction)
Gi cv_©K¨g~jK ˆewkó¨mg~n wK? AvB‡bi e¨vL¨v cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î evsjv‡`‡ki
Av`vjZmg~‡ni f~wgKv eY©bv Kiæb|
L) ÒAvB‡bi e¨vL¨v I MVb web¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î Av`vjZ‡K AvBb cÖ‡YZv‡`i D‡Ïk¨
we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e|ÓÑ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
 6ô we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2011 
[ 2wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 1wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. K) AvB‡bi e¨vL¨vi g~jbxwZmg~n wK wK?
L) AvBbmfv KLbI fzj K‡i bv- Avcwb wK GB e³‡e¨i
e mv‡_ GKgZ? hyw³mn
DËi w`b|

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 wjM¨vg cÖkeœ ¨vsK (we‡RGm I evi KvDwÝj cix¶v) 16

02. "General Clauses Act, 1897 Gi weavb mg~n cÖvq A‡MvP‡i cÖ‡qvM n‡”Q
Ges Avgv‡`i AvBb e¨e¯’v‡K mPj †i‡L‡Q|"" GB gšÍ‡e¨i Av‡jv‡K wb¤œewY©Z
welq¸‡jvi Dci Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
(K) mgq MYbv
(L) wb‡qv‡Mi ÿgZv
(M) wj½
 5g we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2010 
[ 2wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 1wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. ÔAvB‡bi e¨vL¨vÕ ej‡Z wK †ev‡Sb? AvBb e¨vL¨vi
e¨vL¨v cÖ‡qvRb nq †Kb? wewae×
AvBb e¨vL¨vi †ÿ‡Î cÖPwjZ wbqg¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
02. Ôevsjv‡`‡ki AvBb e¨e¯’vq General Clauses Act, 1897 GKwU Awfavb
¯^iƒcÕÑ G e³e¨wUi Zvrch© D³ AvB‡bi weavbvejxi Av‡jv‡K eY©bv Kiæb|
 4_© we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2008 
[ 2wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 1wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. GKwU AvB‡bi wK wK Ask _v‡K? cÖwZwU As‡ki cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv
Kiæb|
02. 1897 m‡bi General Clauses Act -G G Ô`wjj KZ…©cÿÕ, ÔAvBbÕ, ÔwewaÕ,
ÔcÖwewaÕ, ÔcÖRvZ‡š¿i Kg©Õ wKfv‡e msÁvwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q?
 3q we‡RGm wjwLZ cixÿv, 2007 
[ 2wU †_‡K †h-‡Kvb 1wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 20 ]
01. AvB‡bi e¨vL¨vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I ¸iæZ¡ Kx? AvB‡bi e¨vL¨v msµvšÍ wZbwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
wewa m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| msweav‡bi e¨vL¨vi †ÿ‡Î wK GKB weavb¸‡jv
weavb
cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e? hw` bv nq, msweav‡bi e¨vL¨vi Rb¨ †Kvb weavbmg~n AbymiY Kiv
nq?
02. ‡Kvb AvBb ev Bnvi †Kvb weavb evwZj Kivi djvdj wK? 1897 mv‡ji †Rbv‡ij
K¬‡RR AvB‡bi 6 avivi Av‡jv‡K Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|

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