Apparatus 1. Mortar and pestle 2. Volumetric flask 3. Burette 4. Pipette 5. Erlenmeyer flask. Reagents (click to check the preparation of reagents) 1. Concentrated glacial acetic acid 2. Standard sodium thiosulphate solution (0.025N) 3. Potassium iodide 4. Starch indicator 5. lodine solution (0.025 N).Aim To determine the available chlorine in the given sample of bleaching powder by the iodometric method. Principle Bleaching powder is commonly used as a disinfectant. The chlorine present in the bleaching powder gets reduced with time. So, to find the exact quantity of bleaching powder required, the amount of available chlorine in the sample must be found out. Chlorine will liberate free iodine from potassium iodide solution when its pH is 8 or less. The iodine liberated, which is equivalent to the amount of active chlorine, is titrated with standard sodium thiosulphate solution using starch as indicator.Procedure 1. Dissolve 1g bleaching powder in 1 litre of distilled water in a volumetric flask, and stopper the container. (This can be done by first making a paste of the bleaching powder with mortar and pestle.) 2. Place 5 mL acetic acid in an Erlenmeyer flask and add about 1g potassium iodide crystals. Pour 25 mL of bleaching powder solution prepared above and mix with a stirring rod. 3. Titrate with 0.025 N sodium thiosulphate solution until a pale yellow colour is obtained. (Deep yellow changes to pale yellow.) 4. Add 1ImL of starch solution and titrate until the blue colour disappears. 5. Note down the volume of sodium thiosulphate solution added (V}). 6. Take a volume of distilled water corresponding to the sample used. 7. Add 5 mL acetic acid, 1g potassium iodide and 1 mL starch solution. 8. If blue colour occurs, titrate with 0.025 N sodium thiosulphate solution until the blue colour disappears. 9. Record the volume of sodium thiosulphate solution added (A.).TU. IT no blue colour occurs, titrate WITN U.Uzo N 11. iodine solution until a blue colour appears. Note down the volume of iodine (A2). Then, titrate with 0.025 N sodium thiosulphate solution till the blue colour disappears. Record the volume of sodium thiosulphate solution added (A3). Note down the difference between the volume of iodine solution and sodium thiosulphate as Aa(Ag=Ap- Ag). Note: Blank titration is necessary to take care of the oxidising or reducing reagents’ impurities.Calculation mg of Cla/mL (V — Ay) or (V+ Ag) XN X (B) = 35.46 mL of bleaching powder solution taken 1000 mL of bleaching powder solution contains 1000 x Bmg of Cl. i.e., 1000 mg bleaching powder contains 1000 B mg of Clo 1000 x therefore, 100 mg of bleaching powder contains = 10 % of chlorine available =_____Standard iodine solution 0.025 N: Dissolve 20 - 25 g potassium iodide in a little water and add 3.2 g iodine. After the iodine has dissolved, dilute to 1 litre and standardise against 0.025 N sodium thiosulphate using starch as indicator. Standard sodium thiosulphate 0.025 N: Dissolve 6.205 g sodium thiosulphate (Na2S203.5H20) in freshly boiled and cooled distilled water and dilute to ‘litre. Preserve by adding 5mL chloroform or 0.4 g NaOH/L or 4g borax and 5- 10 mg Hglo/L. Standardise this with 0.025 N potassium dichromate solution which is prepared by dissolving 1.226 g potassium dichromate in distilled water and diluted to 1 litre. Starch indicator: Add cold water suspension of 5 g soluble starch to approximately 800 mL boiling water with stirring. Dilute to 1 litre, allow to boil fora few minutes and let settle overnight. Use supernatant liquor. Preserve with 1.25 g salicylic acid/litre or by the addition of a few drops of toluene.