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Final 2
Final 2
1. Pat is 6 years older than his friend Gary. Four years ago, Gary’s age was 7 more than half of Pat’s age.
What are their present ages?
Solution:
1
x–4 = (x+2)+7
2
1
x–4 = x + 1 +7
2
1
x ̶ x = 8+4
2
1
x = 12
2
x = 24
Answer: Their present ages: Gary is 24 years old ; while Pat is 30 years.
2. Father is now three times as old as his son. Twelve years ago, he was six times as old as his son. Find
the present age of each.
Son’s age x x – 12
Solution:
3x – 12 = 6 ( x – 12 )
3x – 12 = 6x – 72
72 – 12 = 6x – 3x
60 = 3x
20 = x
Ben x x + 10
Solution: x + 30 = 2 (x + 10)
X + 30 = 2x + 20
30 – 20 = 2x – x
10 = x
Answer: Their age now: Bob = 30 years old ; Ben = 10 years old
Literal Equations
2A ̶ b1 = b2
h
5. ˚F = 9 ˚C + 32˚ , for ˚C
5
Simple Interest
Interest is the amount paid for the use of money. To solve for the interest, we use the
Formula:
I = Prt where I = interest ; P = principal ; r = rate of interest ; t = time
𝑰
P =
𝒓𝒕
𝑰
r =
𝑷𝒕
𝑰
t = , T (in years)
𝑷𝒓
𝑰
t = 𝒙 𝟏𝟐 , T (in months)
𝑷𝒓
Examples : 1. A savings bank offers depositors an interest rate of 7 % per annum. After one year, how
much interest will Lorraine earn if she deposits ₱ 50,000.00 ?
Given :
1
t = yr or 120 days
3
3. Find the rate of interest if the principal amount is 25,000php , payable in 5 yrs with an
interest 6,000 php.
Given:
P = 25,000php ; t = 5 yrs ; I = 6,000php
Solution:
𝐼
r=
𝑃𝑡
6000
r=
25,000 (5)
r = 0.048
r = 4.8%
Discounts and Commission
A discount is an amount deducted from a given original price. It is usually expressed in percent.
The selling price can be determined by deducting the amount of the discount from the original price.
In the same manner, a commission is an amount deducted from the total or gross sales. It is also
expressed in percent. The net sales can be determined by deducting the amount of the commission
from the gross sales.
Examples : 1. For their Christmas sale, a store gave 15% off for all items. How much will Jess pay for a
pair of shoes worth 1,200php?
Another Solution :
2. Let R (rate) = 15% = 0.15 ; B (base) = ₱ 1,200
Find : P (percentage)
P = RB = ( 0.15 )( ₱ 1,200) = ₱ 180