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    13 views46 pages

    A2 Gramvocab

    Uploaded by

    Monkey Monkey

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 46
    1A The verb be Weuse the ver be to say who people ae and to give other information about them 1. Complete the sentences with the corect affirmative (forexample where thy are frm, whatjob they do, where they ate, how they ae. form of te verb. {m.uan. fm Mexican 4 She Brsilan This is Michel, He's rom France. 2 They rom Age “My sister is a teacher. She's in the classroom. 3 Pedro. in the classroom. How ae you? fn. 4 Fabio nd Drie here We also use the veto be to talk about ages st iymame fre aes 7 We students. We dd not after the verb be to make te negative: m not, rent, and ‘snot, We can b hvesches metic also use te forms aren forte not, and isn for's nt. We form questions by putting tne verb before the subject. 2 Read te information Complete tne questions ‘The ful forms ofthe verb be are am, is, and are. We don't use contractions in short anduurte the short answers answers. (eg. Hes, shes) Ou | he/she /it eee Fiona Murray isa studentin —————— Mortveal Canada, She's 22 + TmSpanish “Tom's from Chicago, You're Japanese. years ol. She's rom Boston _Tmnot Portuguese. Maria'snot isn't We're not/ aren't inthe state of Massachusetts Australian, from Vietnam, Her parents are lish, 2 -Amlfrom Canada? Is she from New York? Are you ftom Turkey? 1 hername Fiona? ‘yin Ys: lamINo,tim Yes, seis. No, she's Yes, weare./ No, rot not isn't we're not / aren't 2____she 25 years oid? ‘We use the contraction ‘swith third person singular nouns, names, and pronouns. 3 shea student? ‘My sister's here. eee 4 she trom Montreal? She's here — We use the contraction ‘re with you, we, and they. 5 ___her parents Canadian temic 6 hher parents from ireland? We're Colombian. They re trom Brazil But we use ae with plural nouns and rames. 3 Complete the conversation, Use contractions where possible My fiends are from Brazil. : ee eee oe A Neto mee you My mame Carla, 8 Nice to meet you, oo, Willam. We use the contractions ’s not or isn'twith he, she, andi, and ‘re not ou tom? oraren ith ou wean the. Tomenna*—__you'tom He's not/He isnt here. They te not/They aren't here. from aly? from ‘We usually use arent with plural nouns and names. Gina and Laura aren't Brazilian you here wth your fami? They 2? athome. Go back to pages 1C Possessive adjectives and ‘s for Possession 1. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. fo teen 1 She Heris 48 Possessive adjectives 2 They | Their names are Maria and Lucy. \We use possessive adjectives before nouns to say tat something belongs 3 Her I She keysarein theca. to someone. 4 Tmyou your teacher for ody es my walet 5 We Ourtickets are nis wale. This is your book. 6 He/ Hiss om Vietnam, This is her phone. 7 11 My lat mame is Moszkowsk. Where is his bag? 8 sis he umbela black? eee 2 Complete te sentences with possesive adjectives This theircar 4 Mare and Syvain are French, famiyis from Pais ©112 pronoun sajectve 2 Tass Lok ne yours card ' " Tr Spanish, My names Ral 3 lam chinese {amis rom Bejing you your ‘Ave you ready? Your tax’ here 4 ly isfamous for food. he his He'sa great teacher His students are 5 asserts are rom all ver the world. We young, have intersting cscussions in class. she her ‘She's at work, but her handbag is at home. {6 She's the mom in my host family. _nameis it its Isa great cy ke te ey forte Tamar, hee 7 He's my Spanish end, ___ names Marcos 8 Whats lastname, Megan? we ow ‘We're from the U.S, but our soni British 4b constaadunetiesnenesssa aston, e's i ve nathere, Tele wanis late ‘omtect and wrt the statements and questions Uses fey They enothare Tera is ‘ran apostrophe ( to indicate possession. We us the same possessive adjective fr singular an plural nouns. 4 ue these your sister lasses? I's my pen. They're my pens. This is their car. These are their cars. 2 Benedictis Mili boytiend ‘s for possession 5 Mymothers books aren ry bag. We ad sto a singular name ornoun to say that something belongs to someone outohesvamels leanne Tom's books here Where ae isa’ bags? 5 My parents new cais an ud This isthe teacher’ desk We dont usualy use ‘st say that something belongs toa thing We use of, 6 Our chile favorite TV shows The Simpson. The front ofthe bus. The end ofthe vacation With regular plural nouns that end ins, we use an apostrophe (after the -sto talk about possession. These are the students’ books. My fiends’ names are Lucy and Samir. With irregular plural nouns, we use’ to talk about possession The children's books are in the classroom. The women's soccer team are the champions. Where are the men’s bags? 4.0 back to pages 8-9 2A Simple present: affirmative and negative Weuse the simple presenti ak about + fact Imialan We vein New York. He doesn't work ata restaurant + regular routines Iwork everyday We goto the movies onthe weekend They ge up 3810 on Sunday We orm negatives ith dontldoes' the base fom ofthe vet as |/you/we/ they he /ahe /it + We workin a hosp teach English, They have sew ci Youmae great cotee = Wedont workina schoo dont teach French They dont have yar. You dn'tove your, Laura works inan office He teaches Japanese She has a beautiful apartment Simon makes good te. Paul doesn’t work na store He doesn't teachin a school She doesn’t have a dog Damian doesnt love his grtriend We usually ad -s to the ver to make the third person singular {he/shelt form. He serves food inthe restaurant. ‘She loves her ob. Ivan sings at festivals. Camila helps her parents on the weekend. Spelling rules for third person singular (he/she/it) We usualy add tothe base form. work=> works ‘When the verb ends in a consonant +y, we change they toi and then we add -e. study <> studies When the verb endsin-sh -ch, cor, weadd -es. finish c> finishes watch <> watches Some verbs ae regular. 90=>goes doc> does have <> has 41. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences 1. Adam have | has jb na garage. 2 Dean ites Mexico, buthe dont doesn like Mexico Gi. 5 ler speak spas Fenc buthe does speak German 4 Carlaworksin the everng, but she doesnt work works on the weekend '5 Barbara and Fatima teach teaches Spaish ata colege ‘5 Wedioesnt have /donthave an oficein New York 2 Complete the sentences withthe correct affirmative {orm of the verbs in the box, watch serve start cut help finish work 90 ve 41 in an apartment in Rio de Janet. 2 He's a waiter. He the food. '5 My sister is halrtesse. She people's hai 4 Trey fora barkin the ily 5 Elena ‘outst. She gives them information, 6 We {a work every morning by bus 7 Kaxl TWevery evening 8 Sara work at 9am, and she ats pm 3 Lookat the information and complete the affirmative and negative sentences about Emma work inhospiat ina store gotowork: bye by car finish work: ate at 530 pm help:tocrists customers 1 Emma in ahospital, She. inastor 2 She by bus She bycar 3 She atdpm She. 31530 am 4 She tourist. She. customers 4Go back to page 13 2C Simple present: questions \We use questions in the simple present to ask about things that are facts, or regular routines We form questions in the simple present with doldoes + subject + base form, Do you like soccer? Does she live na big apartment? Does he work on the weekend? Do they go out alot? ‘We form short answers with Yes/No, + subject + do/doesidon'tidoesn't. Yes, Ido. No, Idon't Yes, she does. No, she doesnt © 2az 1 you/ we / they he/she /it Do they live in the iy? Do we have more time? Does he lve with you? Does it have a yard? Does se work ata hotel? Yes, she does. No, she doesn't Do you work ata café? YIN Yes, de. No, Ident Ite want more information, we put a question word (what, where, when, why, who, how, etc) before dofdoes at the start of the question. Wihere do you lve? Who do you tive with? What does he do on the weekend? How do you get to work? When does the class start? Winy do you like soccer? A. Putthe words inthe correct order to make questions 4 Uke / you / do / Spanish /tood |? 2 in] Santiago / does / Sandra five 17 3 they /da/ Hong Kong / work in? 4 Eric does j drive a car]? 5 finish do we at /S pm./? 6 do teach English / you? 2 Lookat the short answers tothe questions in exercise 1 Correct the mistakes. 1 Yes, ke. 2 Yes, shea. 33 No, they not 4 No, he don't. 5 Yes, we does, 6 Yes, teach. 3 Write questions 1 you! come from Australia 2 yourapartment have /aTV 3 you! lke movies 4 wien | you goto work '5 where / your best rend / ve 6 what she do Go back to page 17 3A Frequency adverbs and expressions We use frequency edverbs withthe simple present io talk about routines and how often we do things. 100% always.) [alwayswateh TVon the weekend. usualy |} usualy red the newspaperon the weekend atten |) often go fora walk on the weekend sometimes} Isometimes study English onthe weekend. hardly ever 1 hrdiy ever dink cote. never tneverwatch soccer on the weekend 0% We usvally pu frequency adverbs before the main verb, always listen to the radio in the car. NOT Always Histen to-the rodio-e the car or Sforetneptthenatatheoet, But we usualy put frequency adverbs ater the verb be. They're never late, NOT Fhey-neveraredate, We use How often. ?to ask about how frequently actions happen. How often do you go out for dinner? We also use frequency expressions withthe simple present to talk about regular habits and routines I vist my parents every day. I visit my grandparents twice a week. I visit my cousins once a year. Oss every oncea oy. Igotothemovies twice week month, thee times 9 fourtimesa 1% ‘Once means one time’ and twice means “two times” ‘We usvally use frequency expressions at the end ofa sentence, We sometimes se them at the start of a sentence, I visit my cousins once a year. Once a year, visit my cousin. NOT Fence s-yeorvisitmycousins A. Rewrite the sentences. Put the frequency adverbs in the correct places 1 My father reads the newspaper. (always) 2 My aunthas unch with frends. (tent $3 My cousinis at homein the evening. usualy) 4 They work on the weekend. sometimes! 5 Igo to the movies. never) 6 Tmery busy fofter) 2 Complete the sentences, Put one word in each sentence 41 I goto the gym _ day. 2 We go on vacation three times a March, May, and October. 5 I see my grandparents twice weet. 4 Lusualy have a cup of cote. day - with breakfast and after tunch, 5 My dad pays got three aweek, 66 My brother visits me twice aweek, but my sister only visits me week, 3 Comect the sentences. 4 Never Sam listens to musi 2 Amaya the apartments here ae rice. 5 We eat out hardly ever on Saturdays. 4 Lida ves to work every dys 5 We see our cousins our rive mes yea. 6 1 goto the theater once time amonth. “4Go back to page 25, 3C love, like, hate, enjoy, don’t mind + noun/-ing form We use lve, tke, hate, enjoy, and don't mind to say itwe feel positively ornegatvely about something, The verbs love, lite, and enjoy havea postive meaning. Hove tennis. @@ ike basketball. 1 enjoy swimming. © The verb don't mind has a neutral meaning, | don't mind working on the weekend. © Soraya doesn't mind cats. © The verbs don't ike/don't enjoy and hate have a negative meaning | don't ike going to the gym. Emil hates watching soccer. @& We use aroun or the -ing form of a verb after these verbs. (We can also use the Infinitive aftr love, ike, and hate) Oss love tennis, playing tennis, Lenjoy museums. visting museums. ke dogs / walking my dog "don't mine! rock music, / listening to rock music. Idon'ttike Indian food. eating Indian food. Uhate soccer. | watching soccer, Spelling rules for the -ing form ‘We usualy ad -ing tothe base form of the verb. play = playing talk talking ‘When a verb ends in consonant + e, we usually emove thee and then add “ng. take = taking lve > living BUT be > being When a one-silable verb ends ina vowel +a consonant, we double the consonant and then add -ing. sit sitting plan <> planning When a one-sjllable verb ends ina vowel +a consonant, we double the ‘consonant and then add ing. sit sitting plan <> planning 1. Complete the sentences with the -ing form ofthe verb in parentheses. 4 They tke ew paces. ist) 2 Ite. time with my family. (pend) 3 He doesn't ike (swim) 4 She hates inner. make} 5 Does Freya tke ave) 6 Hlove ‘on the beach, (tun 7 Doyoutke student? bel 18 My parents love photos. take) 2. Complete the sentences with ove, like, dontmind, don't like, ate, and the~ing form of the verbs in the box. work go meet play make cook learn listen 1 They. Japanese food. 2 Sadiq in abank 318 French 4 Tania ® clothes. 518. ny friends intown, 6 wees, sol 7 Liam ® shopping 818. totheradio, ‘3 Read the sentences. Check V) the ones that are cortect. Rewrite the incorrect ones. 1 Hove American movies. a 2Doyoultecoo® 3 Peso doesn't ike basketball) athaebebe 5 Tomiko enjoystoplaysoccer. 6 Hove talking to my trends, oO “40 back to page 27 4A Prepositions of time We use citferent prepositions to make common time expressions. Or2z Prepesition Weuse this with... Example in the parts ofthe day inthe moring(s} inthe aternoonis} inthe eveningts) the + seasons inthe winter inthe spring inthe summer inthe fall months oftheyear——indanuary in Septernber on days ofthe week ‘on Mondayis) con Tuesdayis) ‘lays and parts ofthe day on Thursday morningls) fn Saturday nights) on Friday evenings) ‘on New Year's Day the weekend fon the weekend / on weekends at times at Bo'lock at130 rmidnightInoon/night at midnight at moan / noon atnight festivals at Thanksgiving at New Year's days from Wednesday to Sunday months from January June times from 6:30 %0 9:00 years from 2000 to 2006 Look! atnight NOT in-night BUT on Friday night ‘We use these time expressions atthe stat or atthe end ofa sentence. We use a comma ater them ifthey ae atthe stat J usually get up at 7:30. A730, Lusually get up. have an Italian class on Wednesday evening. (On Wednesday evening, Ihave an Italian class. We can use plurals for days, parts ofthe day, and weekend if we talk about things that we do regularly | don't work on the weekend J on weekends. In the morning | In the mornings, | often go running before work. 1. Complete the sentences with non, at, or from..t0 1 Lusualy take a shower the evening 2 Charles does his homewark ht 3 Imatwork 830. 6 50every ay. 4 They visitheir cousins New Years Day, 5 We always go out Friday nights 6 Isithot here August? 7 The daysare short_____the winter | What do you tke doing the weekend? 2 Read the textand underline eight mistakes, Write the correct prepostions below the text. Every day, rom Monday in Friday | get up at 6:30. eave the house at 730, and Istart work on 815. don't work on Friday afternoons. finish workin noon, (On July and August it's very hot. usually goto the ‘swimring pool with my children inthe afternoons, and in night, we go for @ walk Inthe weekend, I don't getup early. At Saturday mornings, Igo running on 1, and then my wife and ‘make lunch. On Sundays, we usualy take the children {ovisitmy parents or my wife's parents 1 4 7 2 5 a 3 6 3 White sentences. Add prepostions. 1 Ivis my grandparents / the weekend 2 Febrany we asaly 90 sing Fass sop ora cap o cles noon 2 Wednesday evenings /my ster does yoga 5 Caos orks Monday / Study 66 My daughter birthdays the sping 4 Go back to page 31 AC Present continuous We use the present continuous to talk about 1. Putthe wordsin the correct order to make sentences. + things that are happening now, 1 using fthe computer Ela is? 'm taking a shower. Wtsraining, 2 parents /1/ visting am {my What are you reading? + things that are temporary 5 reading / Mat / the newspaper is We're staying ata hotel [reatmarne hema 4 isn't my / working / phone We form the present continuous withthe verb be + the -ing form ofthe main verb " ain 5 staying / we areata hotel/ this weekend Os! he/she /it you / we / they 66 you / going / where J are /? + Vmgettng cessed, He's getting dressed. Were getting dressed _Fmnotwatching TV, She'snotwatching We're not watching 2 Complete the sentences with the correct present 1. 1. continuous forms of the verbs in parentheses 7 Amisleeping? _—Isshesleeping?—_Ae they sleeping? 1 YIN ‘Yes, am. / No, I'm ‘Yes, she is. /No, she’s Yes, they are. / No, ‘right now. (have) not notlsn't theyenotlaren't 2 We tothe ‘beach now. (go) 5 Thelineret [eestins niles torthe sts today not work) We usualy add-ing to the base form of the verb 4 im a shower ae) play <> playing talk talking 5 she acoat ‘When a verb ends in consonant + e, we usually remove the e ‘today. Inot wear) and then 2¢6 ing 6 What___you_?(da) take > taking. live > ling 7 today BUT be = being because its Saturday (not study When a one-syllable verb ends in a vowel + a consonant, we double the 8 ____ inthe ight place (si consonant and then ad -ing. 3 Lookat the picture. Use the words to make questions site sitting plane» planning and wrte tue shor answers. Look! We often use the present continuous with time expressions such as (right) now, today and this week!monthiyear. 'm having breakfast right now. 17m studying a lot this month. 1 they tak 2 they ave a good time $i snow sit/ain 5 she/ any /an umbrela 6 he / wear / glasses Go back to page 35 5A Simple present and present continuous We use the simple present to talk about facts and things that happen regularly. ‘Sam lives in Australi, We wear a uniform at work. usually wake up at six o'clock ‘We use the present continuous to talk about things that are happening now, or are temporary. Tm wearing blue pants today. 'm going to work by car today. My friends living in New York right now. We often use the simple present and present continuous together to contrast the Usual situation with what is happening now, oris temporary. ©2_ Present simple and present continuous Ieusually doesnt ranin the summer, uti’ raining today. I usually wear jeans to work but today 'm wearing a suit. loften don't cook, butl'm cooking every evening tis week There are some verbs that describe a state, not an action. We normally don't use these verbs in the present continuous I prefer this music. NOT Fm-preferring-this muse. Sorry, | don't understand. NOT Serry-tmnetunderstanding. have some new sandals. NOT Fnvhaving some new-sandals, Look! Here are some common state verbs: Feelings: ike, love, hate, want, prefer, need Thoughts and opinions: know, believe, remember, forget understand, think States: be, Belong, have when we talk about relationships or possessions) 1. Choose the correct wards to complete the sentences and questions. 4. What do you do I are you doing right now? 2 Ishe going | Does he go there often? 3 They're working | work ate tonight. 4 Inever read I'm never reading books. 5 Im studying | study in my bedroom now. {6 Most people finish ae irishing school at eighteen cornineteen years od 2 Complete the sentences withthe simple present or present continuous form ofthe verbs in parentheses, al right now. (read) 2He ta New York thre times a year. (gol 3 They us every summer vst) 4 How. Erica to work today? (ge) 51 coffee very often. {not dint) 6 We a teally good TY setes right now, (watch) 7 Lusualy juice for breakfast. (have) 8 Pease be quiet the baby __ sleep} 3 Read the information. Then complete the text about James. ‘ea and toast for James usually breakfast. He 2 all day. This week, James is on vacation. He ‘suit. He? 4 coffee and croissants for breakfast. He © shorts and a Tshirt He®, a great time! “4Go back to page 41 5C can and can't We use can and canto talk about: + ability Jean swim, My brother can play the guitar. I can‘ speak Italian, My sister can't cook. + possibity. You cam make money from your hobby. Itcan snow herein the winter. You can't get there by bus. + permission. You can take my umbrella, We can sit here. We can't park on this street. You can't use this gym if you're not a member. ‘To make questions with can, we put can before the subject. We use the same form for all people. @ss | yous he/she /it/ we /they + lean play the piano. They ean goto the city by bus. We can finish work earl today. = Shecean't speak Japanese. They can't work at night. ‘You can’t walk onthe grass 2 Canshe play the guitar? Can you come tomy party? Can we park the car here? YIN Yes, wean. No, we can't Look! The full form of canis cannot. We dont often use cannot; can't is the usual negative form. I can‘t meet you tonight. NOT Heannot meet youtonight 1. Lookat the chart and complete the sentences with cancor can't, Craig Helen Manuel cook YU x pay x - tenis ve ww x speak French * * v 1 Craig ook buthe speak French 2 Helen play tenis but she ive 5 Crag, Helen, and Manuel___ speak French 4 Manuel cook, buthe tive 5 Siva ‘ook and speak French 6 Cig, Helen and Manuel tive. 2 Write short answers to the questions about the people in exercise 1 1 Gansiva drive? 2 Can Craig play tennis? 3 CanHelen cool? 4 Can Manuel speak French? 5 Can Helen and Siva play tennis? 6 Can Craig and Manuel drive? 3 Complete the sentences about the pictures. Use can ‘or cant and the phrases inthe box. walk onthe arass ride a bike on ths street pay with a credit card_park here for one hour 1 You 2 You 3 You 4 You Go back to page 45, 6A there is/there are, some/any/no, prepositions of place We use there isto say that something singular ens There's a sofa in thetving room There'sa small balcony in my apartment. We use there are forthe plural form ‘There are ive people in my family. There are three bedrooms in her apartment. \We use some and any wit plural nouns We use some in ffrative sentences when ‘more than one thing or person exists, but we dont say exactly how many. There ae some chars inthe classroom. There are some new students in our class Ihave some books in my bag \We use any in negative sentences and questions with plural nouns, We use no after anaffirmatveveb and with singular or plural noun, There ae no tables / There aren't any tables. Ihave no brothers or sisters. /1donthave any brothers or sisters Are there any shelves in the bedroom? ©ss_Singularnouns Plural nouns + There's sheltinmybecroom. There ae some shelves in the kitchen. There's no chain my bedroom, There are no / There aren't any hats in the then, Isthere a cabinet in your bedroom? Yes, thereis./No, there's not/ Yes, there ae, No, there aren't, there isn't Are there any cabinets inthe kitchen? YN Prepositions of place © 47 weuse pepestions of place to describe locaton The window aro om the door, * 3 across from Intron of under ext to on between behind 1. Readthe advertisement and then complete the sentences with there’ a/there are and there’sthere are no, Thir-loorwo-bedroom apartment ina popular area rear stores anda park. Five-minute walt subway station, Living roam wit big windows, Kitchen, bathroom (shower only, no bathus). Empty ready tamove in 1 ‘two bedrooms. 2 bathroom. 3 backyard, but__apark near the aparkment, some big windows inthe lving room, bathtub inthe bathroom, people in the apartment right now, some stores near the apartment, sul station nearthe apart, 2 Complete the questions and answers about an apartment _______ rage in your apartment building? shelves inthe livingroom? 3 ‘basement thatyou can use? Yes, 4 sofa nthe ling room? Yes, 5 good restaurants in the tea? No, 6 schools forthe chien? Yes, 3 Look atthe floorplan of a house. Complete the sentences with prepositions of place. bedroom |batweon) bedroom 1 The itchen's thebathroom. 2 The bathroom s the two bedrooms 3 The dining room is the kitchen 4 Theresa smallyard the house, 5 Thereisalarge yard the house. 6 There are some trees the large yard Go back to page 49 6C Modifiers We use mosis with jective to make them stronger or weaker © & Ws really/very big. Itsmot very big It’s not big at alt. We use really and very to make an adjective stronger. The city is realy big. The market is very busy on Saturdays. We use pretty and not very to make an adjective weaker. we use pretty, the adjective has the same meaning, butis weaker. fwe use not very, the agjective has the opposite meaning The bridge is prety old. The apartment's not very old. = The apartment is pretty new. We use not + adjective +a allto give a strong opposite meaning to an adjective, The beach isn't crowded at all = The beach is very emoty. The restaurant's not expensive a all. = The restaurants vety cheap, Osx modifier + adjective modifier + adjective + (singular) noun The house is reallyvery beautiful, Isa really/very beautiful house ‘The house's pretty beautiful __I's a pretty beautiful house. ‘The houseisn't very beautiful. I's not avery beautiful house. ‘The houseisn't beautiful atall, I's nota beautiful house at all 11. Rewrite the sentences. Put the modifi in parentheses in the correct place 1. The beach is busy today (ery) 2 The stadiums (ula the moment (not very) +3 You can buy beautiful resents atthe market. (realy) {This iano apartment bling (orety 5 This cas expensive. ot. atald 6 Irnteaing an interesting book ight nav prety) 2 Putthe words in the correct order to make sentences 4a bathroom tere large is / rely 2 a] skyscraper in / very all work 3 1/ seston ive / aut resy 4 clothes /are/ these very expensive 5 sister) tio my busy Fal 6 food good /the/ isnt very 3 Look at Andy's review of his vacation. Complete the sentences about using maadfies andthe adjectives in parentheses. eld town beautiful — busy —e restaurants a expensive --—— ‘good food —e beaches crowded —e— clean —a © 900d for families —$—=—$@— + cheap —e—. ‘The old townis__really beautiful (peaustul), butts? fousy, The restaurants are’ {expensivel, and the food is (good). The beaches are. (crowded, but they're ® (clear. es 7 (good) place for families because it's ® (cheap) place to stay. Go back to page 53 7A Countable and uncountable nouns + some/any Countable nouns are things that we can count. Ihave a brother. There are two glasses onthe table. There are fourteen students inthe class Countable nouns have a singular and a plural for, We can use alan withthe singular form, Do youwanta banana? ike bananas. We need an egg for this recipe. We need three eggs (or this recipe. Uncountable nouns are things that we cant count. They usually don't have a plural form, and we can't use afan with them, I don't like cheese. o you like lemonade? There's a lot of sugar inthis cake. We're having pasta for dinner. somel/any Weuse some in afrmatve statements with uncountable nouns and plural countable runs, We use Rwhen we dont sa exact) how much of how many, There's some juice in the fridge. There are some apples inthe bow Weuse any in negative statements and questions wth uncountable nouns and plural countable nour There any mil We don't have any oranges. Do you have any money? ‘Ave there any strawberries? Uncountable Ov Countable nouns nouns Singular Plurat 4g ThereSsabanana, There aresome Theres some water, bananas There's no lemon, Thereareritany lemons, Thereisn'tany cote. 7 Istherean onion? Are there any onions? Is there any tea? Look! We usually use some in questions when we offer something to o you want some soup? Would you tke some carrots? 1 Look atthe picture. White, an, orsome. 7 @® meat chocolate melon apple bread orange potatoes ‘tomatoes 2 Complete the conversation witha, an, some, or any. A What's for lunch? I there pasta? 8 No there isnt? pasta But there's 5 rice in the cupboard ‘A Good, And da we have 4 meat or fish? B Yes, we have chicken and & fh There's?, _greenpenper and onion too, butthereisit®____ salad {A No problem, We can buy 2? salad atthe market, 3) Make sentences. Add a an, some, or any. 4 thete not /cheese /on this piza 2 you ave omatoes > 5 there miki the tdge 4 we not have [yogurt 5 there mushrooms inthe shoping bag 6 there / water? “4Go back to page 59 7 Quantifiers: (how) much, (how) many, a lot of, a few, a little \We use how much and how many o ask about quantity We use how much with uncountable nouns and how many with countable nouns. How much fish do you eat every week? How many students are therein your class? We use alot of or lots of with countable and uncountable nouns to tak about age quantities We can use them in affirmative sentences, negative sentences, and questions Jeata lot of tit {don't eat ot of apples. Do you eat alot of potato chips? We use ot of and many to ask about quantities. We use alt of with uncountable nouns and many with countable nouns. Do you drink a ot ofjuce? ‘Are there many/a lt of students in your class? We use not much and not manyin negative sentences to talk about smal quantities We use not much with uncountable nouns and not many with countable nouns. There isn't much sugar inthis cake, I don't eat many potato chips. We use a few anda lite atfrmative sentences and questions to talk about smal quantities, We usea ite with uncountable nouns anda few with countable nouns 1 ike 3 tle mile in my corte. Would you like a itl sugar in your coffee? Ieata few pieces of tut everyday ‘Are there afew eggs nthe ridge? Ov Large There wea lot offlts of quantities crackers ‘re there many crackers? Countable nouns Uncountable nouns There's alot offlots of cheese Is there alot oflots of cheese? Are there alot offlots of crackers? ‘Small There area few crackers. ‘There's alittle cheese ‘quantities There aren't many crackers. There's not much cheese. There aen'talot of crackers. Theres nota lat of cheese, ‘re there a few crackers? Isthere a litle cheese? Look! With alot of / ots of, we don't say of ifwe don’t say the noun. Do you have any milk? Yes, we have alot, NOT Yes-wehoveriotof 1. Complete the questions with How much or How ‘many, cps of cotfee do you drink everyday? sugar do you putin your coffee? time do youspend ontne everyday? mails do you send every day? rooms ae therein your home? water do you drink everyday? brothers and sisters do you have? jewelry do youwear? 2 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. 4. There isn't much {alot cheese in the tidge 2 Ldrnks fot | ite of tea every day. '3 My friends don't send me much / many messages 4 I don't take much / a itl sugar in my tea. 5 It'sgood to eat alot litle fsh every week, 6 Ihave much | ots of cousins. 7 Doyour children eat few / alot of tut? 8 I drink ite 3 few glasses of milk every day. 3 Lookat the picture and complete the sentences with quantiles. 1 There are cups 2 Thereisnt cate. 3 There are. bottles of water. 4 There's pizza. 5 There arent potato chips 6 There's salad. Go back to page 63 8A Past of be, there was/there were, and simple past: irregular verbs ‘We use te past of be and the simple pastto talk about complete actions and situations in the past The past forms ofthe verb be ae was and wee Lite was dtcut inthe 1930s ur house wasn't very big. We were very happy. Weweren'ric, @©az 'he/she/it you / we / they + Iwasbusy ast week We were busy st week = Hewasn'tbusyyesterdoy. ‘They weren't busy yesterday. there was/there were We use there wasthere were to say tat someting existed in the pas. There was 2 TVin our ving room, There were two rooms in our apartment Os Singular Plural Therewasafridge nour There were alot of books in 7 tick iy bedroom. There was no/There wasn't . ~ es There weren't any COs. Simple past: irregular verbs ‘The verb be isiegularin the past. Alt of common verbs have an regular simple pst form, too We made a cake yesterday. Thad an English class last week. \Wermake the negative simple past form ofall verbs with a+ the base frm ofthe verb, We didn’t make bread yesterday. I didn't havea French class last week Oss + bought alot of books in the 1990s, Iyou/ he/she /it/ we / they = Idi’ buy expensive clothes. Fora full st of regula verbs, see page 176. 1 Complete the sentences with was, wasnt were, or weren't. 41 bornin the US. 'm Canadian, 2 Chis at my house yesterday. He was at home. st. Friday yesterday. Today is Saturday 4 We atthe movies ast right. We left at 10.00 pm, 5 Thestores ‘open, sowe didn't buy anything 6 There any tickets, so we didnt goto the concer. 7 Luca bor in Uruguay in 1978 18 The market busy this moming, was so crows. 2 Write the sentences inthe negative 4. Thad breakfast this morning 2 We ead the newspapers yesterday, 15 My dad made dinner ast nigh 4 We bought a color TVin the 1970s 5 Iwas at home on Saturday {6 My parents were on vacation ast week 3 Complete the text wit the past of be or the simple past ofthe verbs in parentheses, (be) dificult fora {oe) pretty Inthe 19th century, fe 2 lot of people, Usually homes small, There usually (not bela bathroom inthe house. People {not have) modern inventions like TVs or radios. They®_{not buy] many things, and there (not bel ary computers. But people” (read) books and children ® (have toys. “4Go back to page 67 8C Simple past: regular verbs and past time expressions We use the simple past to talk about completed actions and situations in the past. With regular verbs, we usually add -ed tothe base form ofthe verb. My brother worked asa waiter in London for wo yeas. Inthe past, children played with trationa toy. My brother wanted a bike for his birthday. Iinished my exams last month, Spelling rules for regular affirmative simple past ~ed endings We usualy add -ed tothe verb. work=> worked watch x> watched When a verb ends ine, we add - dance = danced live lived When a verb ends in consonant +y, we change the to and then we add ed study <> studied ty > tied When a verb ends in vowel +y, we add -ed. play <> played enjoy > enjoyed When a verb ends in consonant + vowel + consonant, we usually double the final consonant and add -ed. stop c> stopped plan <> planned ‘We make the negative form of regular verbs with dian’ + base form, 2 21 /you/ he/she /it/ we / they enjoyed the meal. | didn’t enjoy the movie lastnight, We watched the movie together. We didnt wateh Ty. Past time expressions ‘We often use pastime expressions with te simple past to say when an action or situation happened I played tennis last week. {played tennis yesterday morning. moved to Spain seven years ago. In the 1920s, clothes were very afferent from now. last evering/night week/month /year/spring/summerfal winter yesterday morninglfternconievening two days three weeks ago five years in 1990/the 1930/the 18th century 1. Complete the sentences withthe verbs in the box. Use affirmative simple pas forms. enjoy tive play work listen watch study want 4 Inbis ast job, Tony ata bark 2 We tothe news on the radio, 3 She in Berlin in a great apartment 4 Lena go out, buther fiends were busy. 5 They tennisin the park yesterday. 66 My parents a movie online last right 7 reading my new book on the weekend, aI Spanishin Mesico a few years ago. 2 Complete the sentences wth yesterday (ast ago, orn 41 Emma called me rmomning, 2 Cameron stayed with us. right 3 Iread four books on vacation| 4 We moved to Chicago eight years '5 My dad opened a restaurant {6 Wewatchedaterrble movie on TV. 7 1969, a person walked on the moon for theiest time, {8 Carmen fished college fourmonths summer 3 Write sentences, Use the simple past and complete the time expressions 4 List China 2013 2 my amity ive fin Australia| 1970s 3 Lucas/ not fish / his homework / night 4 Sam and Ele / celebrate Sam's bithday / at restaurant /two days 5 the 1990s /alot of people listen to / dance music Look! We can say either “yesterday evening” or “last even {6 my brother J not want /o goto the movies J night Go back to page 71 9A Past: questions For the past of be, we form questions with was/were + subject. Were you a good student? Was your school near your home? Were the exams very dificult? Was English your favorite subject? For the simple past, we form questions with dd + subject + base form of the verb. Did you study Spanish in school? Did your parents goto college? Did you have toast for breakfast today? Oo Ihe / she /it you / we / they ‘Were Tor and Mian cass yesterday? ‘YIN. Yes, itwas.//No,itwasn't. Yes, they were. / No, they weren't Vero? Waste class interesting? be 5 2 Didyouhave an English class ast wee? verbs Y/N Yes, | did./ No, | didn't We can put question words atthe str ofthe question to as for more information What was your favorite subject? Where did you study? Who was your favorite teacher? Why did you study history? When did you finish coltege? How was your vacation? How many students were therein your cass? How much aid your dictionary cost? How long did you stay? How far did you go? 1. Complete the past questions with the words in parentheses. (bei sunny yesterday? ‘youfpay) golfwith Laura? theyfenjoy the game? (be/Paul good at gol?” (yout the got course? (efit busy? ‘elyour shoes! comfortable? (Pauistay) with youon the weekend? 2. Wiite short answers tothe questions in exercise 1 1 Yes, 2 Yes, 3 Yes, No, 5 Yes, 6 No, 7 No, 8 No, ‘3 Putthe words inthe correct order to make questions 1. yout af did vacation! good Ihave /? 2 gol did where /you!? 5 on the tour how many / were / people /? 4 the [hotels rie were? 5 have did whatime [you diner inthe teh? { food ke the [you ait]? 7 stay did '0ng fhow | you? “4Go back to page 77 9C Verb patterns: verb + infinitive When we use two verbs together, we need to use the right form forthe second verb \We use an infinitive after some verbs. These verbs often (but nat always) refer to plans forthe future oO We want {go tothe movies tonight. 1 ho s¢e you tomorrow. We'replanning ,, move nextyear. She'd tke visit the US. Myparents need buy new ca. Vintend join gym. (Other veros that are followed by an infinitive are: begin, choose, continue, agree, decide, lear, prefer, offer, start Look! The verbs begin and stat can be followed by an infinitive or the-ing form. The meaning is the same. | began learning English when Iwas five. began to learn English when | was five. The bus didn't come, so we started walking home. /The bus didn’t come, so we started to walk home, The full form of ike is would like. t means the same as want, but itis mare polite. 1 like to see your house. Would you tke to come on vacation with me? We can also say id lovelwould love + infinitive 1d love to goto Australia one day. Would you like to goto the beach today? Yes, Id love to! ‘Look! We use both an infinitive and te -ing form after ike and love. The meaningisitferentfrom ‘dhe I ‘dove We tke to trave/traveling. We'd like to goto Australia next year. ove to play/playing soccer. ove to play for Real Madrid one dy. 1. Complete the sentences with the infinitive ofthe verbs inthe box. check get start run lose make pass talk 1 Fmlearning 2 She's planning 3 Did he agree jewely. classes ths fl, {oyou about? 4 Emilio wants weight. 5 Ineed my emals, 6 Lisais planning in shape this summer, 7 They decides ‘amarathon, 8 Thope ray exams ths term, 2 Choose one or both options to complete the sentences. 1 Herealy doesn't ike 1 cook cooking. 2 Faliketo change / changing my dit. '5 Doyouliketo play playing spor? 4 She'd ove to spend | spending more time with her grandchildren 5 Ike fo earn | earning los of money. 66 Would you tke to make / making some new friends? 7 Heid love to go! going o college 3 Lookat Gemma's New Year resolutions, Then wre sentences using the verbs in parentheses 1 New Year Resolutions! + learn Portuguese (plan) + goto wi dejanciro (want) + join. a oye lan) + gorunning three ines a week (want) + vist my parents veorel (weed) + get a new jb (intend) + save money and buy ar epartraent (hope) + edt sonutone nice (hope) 4 She's planning to. Go back to page 81 10A Comparative adjectives \We use a comparative agjctiv + than to compare two things or people The pais nicer than the bus station Los Angeles is bigger than San Francisco. The lasagna here is better than the chicken. O02 comparative adj + than ‘Adams older than me Sulieis friendlier th Lava. Skingis more dangerous than walking. Spelling rules for comparative adjectives When an adjective is one sylable, we add -er. fastp faster old => older When a one-silable adjective ends ine, we add, nice «> nicer safe => safer When a one-silable adjective ends in a consonant + vowel + consonant, we double the inal consonant and adé-e. hot > hotter_big <> bigger When an adjective ends in consonant +y, we usually change the yo /and then we add -er. ‘easy <> easier friendly => friendlier happy <> happier BUT shy shyer dry <> dryer When an adjective is two or more sylables, we usually use ‘more + adjective. dangerous <> more dangerous crowded > more crowded ‘modern => more modern Some comparatves ae regula. good => better bad =>worse farc> further/tarther Look! With some two-syllable adjectives, we usualy use -er, not more. quiet c> quieter narrow <> narrower ‘We can also useless + adjective + than to compare things 1'm less stressed on the weekend than during the wee the weekend than during the week. 'm more relaxed on We can add much anda lot before comparatives to show there i a big diference We can adda little ora bit before comparatves to show the diference i smal. much, lot, a little, a bit big ditference: NewYorkis much _biggerthan Boston, Skin's. alet more dangerous than walking small diference: Todayis _alitle_hotterthan yesterday Thecatéis abit more crowded than the restaurant. 1. Complete the sentences withthe comparatves of the adjectives in parentheses, 4 Doyouthinkawalkon the beach is than going ta Bowing alley? (romantic) 2 The second date isusvaly than the ist teas) 5 Paying video gamesis than watching TV texctng) 4 The aparimentsher are ____than those downtonn. large) 5 Sneakers ae __than sandals forlong walls up mountains. .gooa) 6 ltsusualy here inthe spring than in the sumer. (et) 7 The movies are __ than the tester. ena) £8 Caling someone the wrong name on ada is ‘than being afew minutes lat. (oad) 2 Lookat the pictures. Choose the correct words and Include comparative adjectives to complete the sentences am oh 4 Myhairwasa lt /abit_ ~~ younger Joe Chris || 2 Joe's suitcase is much a litle ___ than his’: 3 Mexico Ciyis much fa litie____ trom London than Seoul 4Go back to page 85 10C Superlative adjectives Weusea supriativeacjecive to say that something ismorethanallte thersin 1. Complete the sentences with the superatives ofthe group. adjectives in parentheses ‘New York is the biggest city in the U.S. 1 She's ____ gir that | know. (pretty) The parks the nicest place in my tun. 2 Ny end Sam was person nmy class. The lasagna isthe best thing on the menu popular 5 Nyson's__chlg inthe wor bent We use the with superatv aject arecearan cee os 4 pont atheyarnew fear. Bt [New York isthe biggest city in the U.S. NOT New-York biggest cityinthe ws 5 Singing ina band i thing that do lexiing) Oru the + superlative adj 66 When was day of your life? (happy Adamis the oldest person in our class. 2 Complete the sentences with the superlatives of the Julieis the friendliest person that know. adjectives inthe box Shingis the mostdangerous sport. romantic smart rice Kind expensive noly 1 piece of jewelyis this neckace, cost more than 00 dol ‘Spelling rules for superlative adjectives 2 You're ____person that!| know. You understand. When an adjective is one sylable, we add -est things very quickly fast fastest old = oldest ‘3 My sisteris__ person in my family. She helps i elder peopiewth ther shoping When 2 one-sylable agjctive ends in-e, we adds. fn plceat school was the cafeteria nice «nicest safe safest Evenboay et nee! When a one-syilable adjective ends in consonant + vowel + consonant, '5 Mr and Mrs, Brown are__neighbors. They‘ ‘we double the final consonant and add -est. really ovely people and friendly too. hote> hottest. big > bagest 65 Sam often gives hs gitiend Kata lowes, He's of ay enc. ‘When an adjective ends in consonant + y, we usually change the y toi " and then we add -est. 3. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences with easy => easiest thiendly > Iendliest happy <> happiest comparative or supertaive adjectives. BUT shy <> shyest. dy <> dryest oy mal When an adjective i two or more sylables, we use most + acjectve dangerous <> most dangerous crowded <> most crowded ‘modern <> most modern For some two-sylable adjectives we don't use most clever<> cleverest quiet <> quietest narrow <> narrowest 7OO students S00students 1000 students ‘Some superlatives are irregular. Anna Jodie Fumike: good => best bad <> worst far furthest/arthest 1 Anna's school is than Jolie's. 2 Joe's schools '3 Fumika'sschoatis. Look! if we use a possessive adjective directly before the superlative, we don't include the. good bad Emily is my bestfriend, What's your most expensive possession? Jack 4 Natt got___ grades than Jack on is evams. 5 Michael got__ grades. 6 Jack gt. grades. 11A have to/don’t have to We us have o+ the base frm ofthe verb to say that something is necessary 11. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences We have to wear a uniform in school. 1 haveto | don thave to eiv to work because there Ihave to go to work by bus. are no buses or rains near my house My brother has to getup at 530 every morning 2 We bought ou tan tickets one so we have fo/ Donna has to call her parents everynight dn thave to buy them atthe station, \We use don have o+ base form to say that something is'tnecessary. 5 Visitors to our ofce have oJ don" have sign the Reon ete rer on ener wei ek Tanger They don't have to study today. I's Sunday. Carlotta doesn't have to buy 2 new computer She got one for her birthday. Simon doesn't have to cook dinner tonight. He's at a restaurant. We use have to/don’t have to for situations in the present and in the future. 4 Elena sa waitress ad she usually has fo / doesnt ‘have to wotk onthe weekend because it's a busy time athe restaurant, 5 You have to / don't have to wash those cups. Put them I have to wear a uniform at work. (present situation) inthe dishwasher! | don't have to getup early tomorrow, (future situation) 66 We have fo don'thave to walk the dog twice a day because he needs the exercise ©rrz_1/yeu/we/ they ar 7 My brother has fo / doesn't have fo go farto work. His ee fice is only abouta kilometer trom his home. + Ihave to work tomorrow, Jack hast take the train to work. 18 My paren have to J don't have to teach me to drive, een ann eee ea but they're giving me alot of lessons a the moment 31730, 2 Complete the sentences withthe correct form of have 7 Doyouhavetotake the rain Does he have to wear a uriform? oor don thave today? 4 Fmsomy. canta now go! 2 you getup early t0 goto YIN Yes,1do./ No, Idon't Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't worl Yes I getun atte? 3 Natt getin shape He already suis, runs, Look! We use had to/didn't have toto say that something wasn't necessary and plays soccer every week Toes 4 You___make dinner. can doit had to visit my aunt every weekend. 5 _____hildren__go to school when We didn’t have to play sports after school, ‘they re five? 6 My sister teachina school as part of her degree in education. 7 We stay athome, Do you want go for awall? 8 What ain Paul ‘atchinthe morning? 3 Look at the ob information. Complete the sentences with have fo or don't have fo and the vers from the box. a uniform x clothes from the store 7 clothes at fall price X customers ¥_ after 6 p.m. X fon the weekend 7 a degree x lew buy have work x2) wear 2) be serve 1 You uniform. 2 You clothes rom the store, bt you ‘our clothes afl price. You get 50% of 3 You customers 4 You ‘onthe weekend, but you after 6pm 5 You over38, btyou degree. “4Go back to page 95, 11C be going to and future time expressions We use be going to + the base form to tak about future plans 11m going to vist trends in Mexico this year. He's going to have pizza for dinner tonight. We're not going to stay ata hotel. What are you going to do thi summer? Ow | he/she /it _you/ we /they 5 I'mgoing to relax by She's going to stay We're going to visit 2 the pool atacampste, museum. Tmnotgoingo Shes not/Sheisn't My frends aren't - study this weekend. going to stay atan going to visit me next apartment year 4 Amigoingtomect_—sshegoingtostay Ar tey going teat yourtendslate?—atahoste? outtonign? YIN Yes, | am. / No, ‘Yes, sheis. / No, “Yes, they are. / No, mnt. she'smotsheisn't. —cheyrenot they arent Look! When the main verb is go, we do not normally use to go after going. ‘Are you going surfing tomorrow? Camille is going abrosd next yea. But its also correct to use to go, ‘Are you going to go surfing tomorrow? Camille is going to go abroad next year. 1. Wire sentences, Use be going to 1 Nark/ play guitar this evering 2 mypaents go vacation! tomorow 5 mysiter/notrun a marathon this summer 4511 cook dinner tonight 5 you 90 siming this aernoon? 65 wel notuse out ar this year 2. Jamie, fran, Paola, and Alfredo are on vacation together. Complete the conversation with the conect form of be going to and a verb from the box. read visit play relax notdo take 2) do god) Jamie What youand Attedo tomorow? Future time expressions Paola Inthemomning, we? sightseeing We often use the following future time expressions with be going to: ithe cy. We > the castle and go shopping, What about you? this ‘morning afternoon evening week weekend/ month Jamie We running, and then we 1 year spring I summer/fall winter /Saruary, et ‘ ty the pol. Inte afternoon, Fan tomorrow morning afternoon / evening night next Week month /year/ spring/summer fall/winter January, et. in the moming/ afternoon / evening spring summer/fall winter January, tc. Look! We say tonight, NOT this night. Today is Monday, January ist. Monday January st thisweek thismorning tonight Tuesday January 2nd tomorrow morning tomorrow night Wednesday January rd Thursday January 4th Friday January 5th Saturday January 6th this weekend Sunday January 7th Monday January th next Monday next Monday night a surfing class, and 7 ‘ry book on the beach, Paola & Fran a surfing class everyday? Jamie Yes, she's She realy wants to learn, Paola Dor'tyouwant te? Jamie No, justwantto relax. 1. much this week. Just abit of running and swimming. Paola What about valleyball?Atredo 3°. volleyball his evening, Are you interested? Jamie Yeah! Thanks! 3 Today is Monday, March 10th. Write the time ‘expressions forthe days and times. 4 the morning of March 1th 2 Nach 17-230 53 March 10-2604 4 the evening of March 10th 5 April a 6 Saturday, March 15th and Sunday March 16th__ Go back to page 99 12A Present perfect with ever and never We use the present perfect total about experiences in our lve. ve visited China. He hasn't been to Australia Have you worked ina restaurant? We often use ever in a question with the present perfect. Itermphasizes that we are talking about ‘our whole lives up to now! Have you ever listened to classical music? Have your parents ever been toa festival? We often use never to make a negative sentence withthe present perfect. It emphasizes that we ae talking about ‘our whole lives upto now! I've never tried Russian food, He's never been to Scotland. ‘We form the present perfect withthe verb have and the pas partcile ofthe main verb. @rzz |/you/wes they he/she /it + Tvevisitedslotofcastes. He's been to Vietnam, = Theyhaven't studied Italian, She hasnt played badminton Have you stayed inthis hotel? Yes, have. / No, haven't. Has he worked in London? Yes, hehas./ No, he hasn't For tegular verbs, the past participle form isthe same a the past simple form. tends In-ed. See page 127 forthe spelling rules fr simple past forms ending in -e. Loole! In the present perfect, we use the past participle -ed form for negative sentences and questions, as wel as affirmative sentences. This is different from the simple pas, where we only use the simple past -ed form for affirmative sentences, Compare: Did you vist the National Gallery yesterday? ‘Have you visited the National Gallery? NOT Hove yousisit the National Gallery? | didn visit the National Gallery yesterday. ‘haven’ visited the National Galery. NOT Fhaven'tvisitthe Nationa Gallery Like the simple past, alot of common verbs have an regular past participle. Fora full Uistof regular verbs, see page 176, Look! When we talk about experiences, we sometimes use been to instead ‘of gone toto say that someone went somewhere and returned. ‘She's been to London three times. = (She went and returned.) 1. Choose the correct wards to complete the sentences. 4 Levhas| have worked asa professional dancer. 2 Tvenever ever been to an opera, 3 Vhas Rave acted ina few plays 4 Have you ever Have everyou istened to jazz? '5 Tom doesn twork here He's been / moved toa dierent company. {6 We've ever never visited the museum in my town, 2 Complete the sentences withthe past participles of the verbs in parentheses. 41 Tvenever a foreign language (study) 2 Ive. ina restaurant, butl ve never inastore. (work) 3 Have you ever volleybal? (pay) 4 Has your mother-in-law ever, with you? (stay) 5 Ivenever (oa classical concert (be) 6 Weve never a famous person. (se) 7 We've never together. (act 18 My sisters haven't mein New York. vist) 8 lve. alot of indian food. cook) Write short conversations, Use the present perfect, ‘A you! ever go to Per? B no/I/ never go /to South America 2 'A your mom / ever I study / English? B yes! and /she | study / German, too 3 ‘A Charlie and Kate / ever I play rock music? B no but they play / classical music “Go back to page 103 12C Present perfect and simple past \We use the present perec to talk about an experience in ou lives, We use the present perfect introduce a topic and sy that happened {ve met Jennifer Lawrence. ve been to New York My sister has started a new job. When we give details about the experience (for example, when something happened, what exactly happened, wh you were with orhow ou et, we use thesimpe past. Ive met Jennifer Lawrence. met herin a hotel London. {ve been to New York. went therein 2005, My sister has seen a shark. She was really scared. When we ask for more deals about past events, we usualy use the simple past not the present perfect. Wihere did you meet Jennifer Lawrence? NOT Where have-you-metdJennifer- Lawrence? 41 Choosethe conect worsto complete the conversation ‘A “Have you ever been | Did you ever goto Peru? B Yes, Ihave. 2/'ve been / / went with some friends from college sea 'A Where Shave you been / did you go? B To Machu Picchu, “it’s been / twas fantastic. A Id love to go there! °/'ve been! went to Lima in 200, but not Machu Pech. B Machu Picchu is amazing! ®We've had / We hada great time ‘A What “have you done / did you do there? 8 8We've been | We went on some incredible hikes. 2 Complete the conversation with the words in parentheses Using the present perect or the simple past at {you Fever / ee the movi Seima? When did you goto New York? NOT When haveyou-been to New-York? pial? ‘Geeitin 2015, How did your sister feel? NOT How-hesyoursistertet® AB (you ite \We often start conversation withthe present perfect. When we give details about 8 Yesit®____the great. David Oyelowo the experience, or ask for them, we change to the simple pas. 5 ipay Martin Luther Kinga. very wel. as {he wir any awars? 8 Yes,he? {win some awards Oxn A ®___ treba inothermovies? Situation Form Example 8 Yes. He®, {oelin incor. 13° Question aboutan experience Present perfect Have you ever been to Spain? (ove that movie! ana ee 3 Wit the conversation. Use the present perfect and the simple past Detas Simple past went there two yeas aga Guestion asking fordetals_Simplepast Did you goto Maid? Answer Simple past No, did, But went to ‘Valencia and Malaga For full st of irregular verbs, see page 176, ‘A you ever! do karate? Byes//uylit/ woyewsago Awhatlyourthinkofi? SSS Bifeayliwelt ‘A where [you learn? B I take / classes at the sports center “4.Go back to page 107 1A Countries and nationalities 1 ©B complete the cart with he naonates nthe bo Listen and check Portuguese British Mexican French Argentinian Polish Chinese talian Brazilian Spanish Country Nationati ‘cia = 2yapn@ Japanese Spout EE or | Vetramese Sengand English cred BE trish 7 Poland = ®scotind Did Scotish °spain one Tus +1 the UK 2¢ermany Ml German 13 Mexico | Meus, ‘American 15 Agent ae — Srustaio el Australian | Scanaca— ell Canaan Colonia al Colombian 2Egyot Exyptin apeu = Peruvian aly il — 23 Russia = Russian hone A 2. Complete the sentences about the people. 1 Diego is Peruvian. He's from 2 Natasha Russian, She's from 3 Tioyis American. He's rom 4 Mesut is Turkish. He's from '5 Dominique and lie are Canadian. They'te from 6 Anais Colombian, She's from 7 Maciek and Janusz are Polis, They're from £8 Hongis Vietnamese. She's from 9 Oscar and Ana are Brazilian. They from 10 José Carlos is Mexican, He's from Go back to page 4 1A Numbers 1-1,000 1 AT) write the missing numbers. isten and check. 0 zerofoh 21. twenty-one 1 one 22 twenty-two 2 wo a 3 three 30 thirty 4 four 31 5 five 32 thirty-two 6 six 40 forty 7 seven 50 8 eight 60 sisty 9 nine 70 seventy 10 ten 80 eighty uw 90 ninety 12 twelve 100 ahundredone hundred 15 thineen 101 ahundredand one 44 fourteen 102 15 200 two hundred 16 siteen 210 two hundred and ten 17 seventeen 322 18 eighteen 468. four hundred and siaty-eght 19 nineteen 713 2» 41000. a thousand/one thousand We often pronaunce zero “oh when we say numbers one ata time: “fm in room four-oh-three"(=403) 2 Look at the pictures and complete the numbers in words \ 2 4 Ns Lucy's birthday She's 5 Anormalyear has days Ce 2 The Jones family ve on 6s. Kilometers to Main Street. Pati '3 The population of Newtown is 7 Ourhotetroom fs number €75 u 5 4 Thebike’s dollars. 8 Thewatchis euros. Go back to page 5 1€ Personal objects 1 ©B) vatch she worsin he box wit pictues 1-20Listen ad heck key sunglasses mirror gloves chewing gum flashlight tissues photo stamps glasses identity card_watch umbrella hairbrush wallet_candy change purse comb tablet cellphone _— @. -— ~ 16 7 8 » 20 2. Readiheivomaton abou pals We puasforthe weds. 4 @)HB) Now ead aboutthe pronunciation of als ening ins andes Pulte pls fom exer? othe chat stn a check Look We mate mos plurals by adding sores We adds ifawordendsin ch shes-x.or Is) ‘al nal Stamp stamps watch watches, henthe final tenth alsound_|vhen he al _— 7 foundintewore intewod s/o a, sound itheword 2 hairbrush 8 change purse is itl, fl, (pl. if, fof, IM, smal, nl, ivi, is Itt, Idi, 3! rai Scar ora) fi oravewd ound if s feiora! ‘ey 10 tashgh combs 5 mor 1 umbels 6 caliphone 12 wale Choose the correct words to complete the sentences, 4 Isthat ai? Where's my umbrelta airbrush? 2 Look a tis photo / miror of my boyfriend $3 Doyou have a tablet / stamp? | want to senda letter. 4 Whattimeisit?Idon'thave my wallet / watch 5 N's very cole today. Take some mors J gloves with you 6 always wear combs / glasses wine | rea. 7 Where's my car key and? 8 Thave twenty dollars in my change purse | lashight 9 Is very sunny, Where are my tablets sunglasses? 410 Chewing gum! Candy s bad for your teeth Go back to page 8 2A Jobs and job verbs 1 OBA Hach ne obsin te box pires1-20. ten ad check hairdesser tour guide police officer doctor electrician teacher taxidriver dentist flightattendant singer mechanic rurse lawyer waiteriwaitress receptionist businessperson accountant construction worker chef salesclerk 2 OBB Watch tne wo paso make sentences Listen andcheck 3 Complete the senencswithjb verbs andjobs 1 He cooks a aud 1 Matio works in 2 garage. He cats He'sa 2 He dives b food in a restaurant 2 Samantha works in high school. She rench and Spanish 3 Herines « Englshin schoo She'sa 4 They make <4 workat 9am, ‘3 Hitoshi and Kazuo workin the kitchen of arestaurant,They 5 She serves « people's har. the food forthe customers. They are 6 Hewears £ food to customers. 4 Tomiko also works inthe restaurant She the customers in 7 Theystar 9 peopleat a tourist office the restaurant. She'sa 8 She teaches h earsin a garage, 5 Mayaisa_____ She people's ai. 9 Hetinises 1 computers ina store. 6 Terry works aright. He tax in differen places in New 10 Hecuts J asuitatwork York He'sa 111 She helps i clathesina factory. 7 Rautwort ina clothing store. He clothes Hea 42. She seis 1 work at 6 pm 8 Ola, Pit, and Marta are ina pop group. Marta plays te drums, Piotr plays the guitar, and Ola____ She's the grou’ 9 Matk works on airplanes. He _a uniform He food and dink to the passengers. He's a 410 Clara works in hospital She —____work at 7 pm, and she late at 830 pin. She's nota doctor. She's a 4Go back to page 13 VOCABULARY PRACTICE 2B Activities (1) 1 BD Lookatpicures1-20 and complet the prases th he werdsin he or. ten and check study book (my)friends read time walk guitar movie V dinner watch play radio listen running coffee movies relax 4 gotothe %, 7 listen tothe 8 spend with my farily tennis 3 14 seea 15 2 Complete the sentences with phrases from exercise 1 Use the conect form 1 My sister. ina band, She's really good 2 My dad always at oeaifast He kes reading the sports section 3 We. con Saturday evenings We goto avery good Chinese restaurant. 4 [want to get some exercise, Do you want to. with me inthe park? 5 |___allthe time. ma Barcelona fan 6 |_____inthe ca play my favorite songs, 7 Alter work on Fridays, | im town, and we gotoa caféto tak 8 Onthe weekend, Rosie and hertwo sisters 19 My sister and ‘cappuccino, and she has alate 101 inthe ibrary after class, her parents, her brother, ‘on Saturdays, usualy have a 10 play te. a the newspaper 16 meet v 12 reada 18 watch 3 Correct the mistakes in the sentences, Rewrite the sentences. 1 My frend Tara plays a guitar in a rock group. 2 Doyouwant to watch movie tonight? | Talwayststen music on the tain 4 Lusually meet the friends after work, 5 want to go the movies this weekend 6 My parents play the tennis with tei friends. Go back to page 14 3A Family 1 ©BB complete sac’ tamiy vee withthe worsin he box Listen ad check wife father-in-law sisterin-law daughter brother sister nephew niece father aunt cousin(x2) grandmother ‘grandfather Chistine Smotherin-law *Sprother-indaw ie Zach Solomon 16 eon 18. 2 2 (PBI complete the sentences with the correct names. 3 Complete the chart with the family words from exercises 1 and 2. and __ are ac’ patents. cy Te ISSA] 2 and are ac’ ina (mother- ad athe ins 5 and __ ate acts grandparents 4 anda acs chen. Sand are ary and Jane's gander. 6 Jackis____and_‘ssomintw 7 Canieis ands daughter Sac husband 4 Find twee false defritons. rte the comrect definitions. 9 and__areilland Maron's 1 My nephew is my brthe' son grandsons 2 Mymotherindawis my wie ster 10 —___is Robert and Cvisne's granddaughter. 5 My daughterismy son's ser. 4 My granddaughter is my daughter’ daughter 5 My niece is my cousin's daughter. 6 My fathe-inla is my husband's father. 7 My grandparents are my nephew's parents 18 My cousins are my aunt's chen, “4Go back to page 25, 3C Activities (2) 1 BP sach ne pass below wt pcuresap.liten and check do 9° have visit 1 farate 4 golt 7 bowing 42 abarbecue aa agalley 2 yoga 5 volleyball 8 bike riding 18 apicnic 15 a museum on 6 thevioin 9 dancing _ 16 relatives 3 thedog __ 40 shopping 411 swimming 2 Complete the sentences with the verbs inthe correct form, 3 Wit the phrases from exercise that match the sentences. 41 They _____abarbecue everytime it’s hot and sunry. 1 ltyoute interested in very old things, you can do ths 2 Wealways —____apienic for my birthday. — 31 yoga on Fiday mornings. 2 Thisiswhen you goto see your cousins, grandparents, etc 4 We volleybal onthe beach. OS 5 Isometimes _ galleries. + Lots of people do this Japanese sport. 6 lalways dancing with my family on Saturday evrings. 7 Myson the volnin his school orchestra 4 Lots of people do ths sport on the beach n the summer. 8 [don't go tothe gym, but|__ dancing on weekends, ee '9 My bestfriend bike viding every Sunay aftemoon, 5 You can do this inthe sea or ata pool, 10 My children often bowing with their frends. 6 Thisis when you cook a meal ouside. 7 Youneed a bicycle fr thi 18 Youneed avery large onen green space ifyou want to do this spot. Go back to page 26 4A Daily routine verbs 1 PAA) Match pictures a-o with activities 1-15 isten and check A havelunch 2 havedinner 3 gotoschool A getdressed S wakeup 6 takea shower 7 getup Bgotowork 9 take a bath 10 gotobed = __ 11 gotosleep 42 finish school 13 gethome 14 finish work 15 have breakfast Go back to page 30 4B The weather and the seasons 4 ©PEB) Lookat the pictures and complete the setences wth tec sen and check iso 4 Kfsraininghainyin 4 it’s warmin 7 Ws sunny in 10 Itscloudyin 2 fs snnwinglsnewy in 5 We vory olin 8 Ws foggy in 31 Weieyin 3 Nshotin 6 Itswetin 9 Itswindy in 12 Itscoldin 2 Label the pictures withthe seasons. Then write a word from exercise 1 to describe the weather in each season, summer fall spring winter = Go back to page 32 5A Clothes 1. OBA Labetnecotesandjenetyin the pices uth the wordin the bor. stn and check belt tie necklace bracelet pants T-shtt earrings boots coat jacket jeans sandals blouse sneakers scart jewelry dress gloves hat shirt shoes shorts skirt socks suit sweater 2 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. 41 My pants are too big. Ineed a necklace / bet, 2 Jim hates wearing suit and tie car. He prefersjeans anda Tshit. 3 When nna goes tuning, she wears boots / sneakers 4 Ike wearing jewelry, especialy sandals earings. 5 Its cold outside, Weara scart and gloves | shorts. 5A Ordinal numbers 1 ©BA wit the ordinal umber. Listen and check 4 fist 8 18 2—__ 920 twentieth 3 third 10 tenth 2 4 u 22 twenty-second 5 ao tirtieth 6 sith 5 thirteenth 40 7 seventh 14 foureenth 50 fiftieth ‘5 My daughter kes climbing tres, so she wears pants fa skirt, 7 Saly’s going toa party, so she's weating a T-shirt dress. £8 Inthe summer | ike wearing shorts shoes and sandals. {9 Should I wear my red blouse / socks or my blue shit with my jeans? 410 Youneed to weara coat | suit when you goto ajob interview, Go back to page 40 2. Complete the sentences with the ordinal numbers in parentheses. Write them in words 1 Kazakhstan isthe —___ biggest country inthe wor (9) 2 December the ____ month ofthe year. 12) +5 Barack Obama was the president ofthe US. (44) 4 International Women's Days March ___(8} 5 Valentine's Day i on February 4) 6 Veterans Dayis November (1) Go back to page 41 5C Hobbies 1 OED sorch ne verisn he both picures 1-15 Youreed some ves morettan once Listen and check collect play make sew knit sing dance take write paint draw bake photos 2 Match the hobbies with the descriptions 4 These hobbies are connected to music 2 People often do these hobbies in beaut places. 5 This habbyis connects to food 4 You study and collec objects fr this hobby '5 You need another person to do this hobby. 6 These hobbies ave connected to cots. 7 You need to use te Internet for this hb. 3 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. 1 Right now, Im drawing / iting a sweater. | want to fish it before the winter. 2 Leolect stamps / coins My favorite ones made of gold '3 Everyone can sew / take photos on their smartohones, bt some people can doitrealy well 4 My friend Emily makes / sews jewelry. She's making me a neckace for my birthday, 5 Weneed someone who plays the drums / bakes for our band. Do you know anyone? 65 My cousinis traveling in Aca atthe moment, anal she makes / writes blag every day. ke reaig it to find out what she's doing, 7 Myvi loves painting / baking, and Ilove eating her cakes and cookies, We're a perfect match! 18 My friend Matis learning to dance sing. Right now, he's learning the tango. 4Go back to page 44 6A Rooms and furniture 1 PBA) Lavet the picture with the rooms and places in the box, Listen and check. [_yard_bakcony Fthen_beioon ling oom _atvoomG@)_ding oon study gucge all aic_baerent das W118 VGdeGcGAt Ge TEEELEUEEEE 2 ©PS2 Find the turiture items in the picture. Write the leters a Listen and check 4 armchair 4 stove 7 shelves 9 table 44. washing machine 2 bed 5 cabinets 8 sofa 10 closet 42 miror 3 chairs 6 desk —_

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