sed or} wa -j [letere-cl] feundotien Engineer in, Chapter - ir Shallaw foundation and Bearing capsstty Shallow Foumelation. i The fetimdations for whack. Ug Barve called Shalloo) pounde fiend, by 7 Depth og Festng . By Width ef Focting. Theme ave tivo sails enitenia to derive Beanin 29 Capacity oy seit Pn thallow fewndation. > W) Shear Failure Criteria ~y (2) Setlemend eniterta Digpenent typedeg Beaving Gapaeotly © breast Pressure (3) Net Pressure (3) Ultimate gros Pressure (Y Net utlimate Bearing Capacity ©) Net Aaze Gearing Capactly. (6) Sage Beaning Cdpacity (1) Gross Pressuve (%) - a fo self 001 pe to applied load esting! Prestane “ Poettarne site. 4 Ppenstare dee. “ert | His the total pnessane at the base of the fi Z frre including the pres seres die 48 agslied Coat ¢ self of of footing and overburden BEM2 (2) Net Prettuve (2n) iy THis the total Pretiy, i — : % Hare -Q the bate oy the footing excluding ove? bercten ml [Eaters] = : Seerd LUPE In = by Over burden pre. oS td cen pies [tn = %-F] : (e) local Shear Fasleve. =e 4 thing Shean Tasturne, wwf Ca tn tate) GT ur ate T= Vee de (Water table) : L) General Shean Facre ; ; ,* Dente Cand /Stigy clay or oce Sei! (2) Ultimate lenott Prethune ov, Utimate Bearir I is te maximum groad pretdure Vhech eamy applied at the bate! ep footing Withee? carsin® He sheam {alene, ed vt (Y Net ultrmate Beavia: see lou = We = : : court - : : ‘ leat arse SIT >30 T > Ovenbuenden Pretsure.. . \ Th 7 Aor, ia ©) Net Sage Gearing Capacity 2, goss z. a LookN/ ine = BS +-—| a iagiaegy &) Safe Beaving Capacity s» (50¢ OT cceens In shallow foundation Ohen plated mn Sate Bearing Capesiiy i> (68) vmnediarm to kephly clemtd oll : OTn kthuetumal design i 1 S86 Shall be ised Ocal @ eee of failure goumdation will get tilted fe anea of footin aay) je Sulging eg foil ocetens at one Hede: © Uning SBE) Saye me el @ efore the failure, very Rmalt Tellle ment ocue- given" poting Say be cule] “vhand Atnerd zone / falune plane Will wenehe ted Upto ground Surface. @ The ‘clear farlume is observed 1m load Settlement f curveamd O2t Sotho 4 odsenved in Load rete. O Thee type o, z sand, hy ely and oct ScilS. be : (i) Th payee patter ly? yee @ Addeming ‘eland ¢ ame the HM an teeny tiers “ poitrte cami be observed in tooiie ameterd op the given doif in gener: rh. i yr (ie Laat ien ne ua the whaar Strength paracmeter? / |W) ty 'e' and glare wen ©) ay ead Oat Loe then od and tui ame te modified shear ttreng te parameters iN Lees Ahenr failure, Zz | [n= Le] and [tom ama #4 ulgitt a we vated = 7 Load > > Genenal Shear Failure. an esond load foie A L | Lor lant NU soft el Setilewert Sea D7 \ nee Sell I dense set leat Shear Fastare \ cng ot 4) gegst STOKE see Tp . : gp ete or CG) T# concn in shatlon) foundation cohen pleted ao D FS yor < 207 an locke to medium. dente, foil ecg i au , na obderr ' 7 | ( 0). Beene failure lange elattia settlement (40 sere a al (i) Thame it amatt tilting valutch earetes lest bulpivg] | Onesngimed T Heaving on v0 bulging /teaving but large dettume | ctays |Cemprateive > £20 .° nt ovens, The thors ane does not extend. cpt? |_| Stones tnfine | kN/rm | | ground levelHetheds to determine Bearing Capacity Hethed’ + ceacens in. epg placed in (este Sand, el clays iC lati 3 @ ee aldo euurds In eles ie 4 ma &) LY inal athedy) stati Me fo footing id vesting yeny lente/ fof? Aoi, 2) Godal provisions | Codal Mothod.t. [BIS £10, NBC] Zn then fautuene, te Belov) the fowrrdation guy Mia) Feu a Kop = Bure 4 Tdion i cut-ely fram adjacent seil by dheavin antes y 5) Fie oe sine Wii, srg Vve/dange fetiirments ame Merve” a Analytical Methodt todle (1) Kankined Analysts for Searing capacity “+ Thet methed cam be wtod fen Cohesionledd C2) The adjacent Sei! mall memalnd enAttrersed CD Theme soilt Be m0 ttting amd mo Keaving atte L > » Only. (Sande Cee! a > a met oe win for bearing eapasily 14 the exten lag ‘ien ef (ate ral ton ‘pmestucbe Pheer! es. rT a ee Rpm ® -}- Yo] Renee I o Shear! ' Failure * m Oe ! PE 4 Z y q ; j ; Guaringd = : 4 a Ave ated : State of Stredt State of Sredd e Aci! mast | fer Element Fon Element @ 7 ! Yr T P.TO>(wi), = i), (ly = Oy Ka. = kp PY &e it ue = E Me sondition for 70 Aheaving Q% = -Arding., tame Phy J- Sing [eatery + peding [Sing T= ine iF tan (ort F) tu Sin, i uy $e) | © Toragheh Geaving capacity 2> For capacity facture Jeil.ean be asstemed to bel lke a plaltio Mav terial. (Prandtl) Consider (foe Oe feeg © | Note 1 Ty bate of th a fhe hae 2 och ie fu RM Yop dak Gd eb LL a Straight ine Gireutam ( for eakeavs anelt!) vane of Radial Shean zonelst) ene of tinea Shear Fan capacity gailerne teil is astecmed 1 Jelave Ute a plattie "natenial Teas aancsptidtet cinat Petngdleseed prandif and later 1 wad used by Tevvaghi, Meyohe, and ether’. Pandit Lat considered Cate of the festing te be sancoth bereat Terzaght hat considered bate of the footing to be rough: ! roting it atkumed to be Amecth. that meat Acil é. ng eontideved in the Rtate of plastic gees Brier. Cinecelam ox Coparitiie Spiral Fran the above figune i114 clear that the facturehurfa gfatrets gone jd atsumed not to extend above the bate og the footing That meant terraght hat ignored the hear resis Tamec of the doi! present atove the bate y the footing. Themegare, Terzaghek analy ant on applicable. ger Shallow foundations Tevzaghe had neplaced the Avil present above the Bate of the footing by equivelend surcharge TF Where Fa Yop or T= Bub dg on ceo lopacrithonia grat (eh (0) a6 op Elastic Equilebiam. fone) eene ef Elattie Egurlébriam (The bade Yf fa ih, (4 70 nea! | (2) 2me of Radiat Shear (3) Zone of Unean Shean,Te eee eee gece ab, [Lecture =0%] Tereaghit Beaming Capacély Equation Dkereas Meyerhoyy har extended the 4 iret Zeng “6 hepepore (t Can be wteg the Bato of fect “thalton od ded pouncletions both. fon a Zonelt) Zeno of Elatte Egerle! Tn thie 2ene, koi pemain’ (0 oe ee se Due to applied pretiuve from 2 op the: pat if gett chnpasted amd, Sesomes ‘the part oy the fay us Tm the tate of prandtle enalyaia ug a oat tmooth then rene (1) beeamet Pone of plate eguilebrivin. fp ate Zone () 2me of Radiol Shown ‘Due ¢0 cemppestion of zone lt), rave BL) amd 2 are ‘atenally wiped pias appled Coat oY Atrets 2one/ Failure plane ih erroular for clay gp} & ee dpival for 0-P Sous and cohesion lets cle. Zone(ITl} Zone of Linear Shear The feature plane 1 Dnear, and makes an mg 4 “re worth the. berigental plane patting th Phe bake og the footing. Straight Une Gipeular or Cagarithinie 7 Sphrak 8 A =0)~ Zoozp R a= & tang Stange Asteemptiont in Tevaaghit Beaning Capaccly Thay | fen equitibmiurinay foil wedge 42”, 2) Teraaghi had omsidened! benevad Abaorr facture, | [total dlownsdarrd faves = Yotal upland fare ire] 2) Applicable Jer thallow founcledian omy ! : uw Edtimaten of totat downward fered » Parca fon footing (Lye) lw fe hoped pmchine 8 oo be wt f i . eee 4) Cam be uted for amy type of Aoil (Cobssice) ole (ii)duee to wel eooight ey Acil wedge seo tx ox Prange? S) Ad the time of failure soil o0ill be inv plarte, epulh “rite: = 78 Vieng ©) Tenraghi hat replaced Sei! present above’ the ale [Fetal dovtnsiend —_____ Total downward farce = 4,8 + @ Vian l cies om Racege hr f yf the feoting oy oguivalont Alrcharr fe. P.TO>Estimation of total upniand fants k W) due to Coheding, (ii) Duets Passive \> O) due to Cohesion Ca = ax (Ad or Cd) E a= ¢% Zagip ez to cohesion upaiand fare a = Casing + Casing = Bla sing = 20% xhoxp Bertang (ii) Upmand fones lust 2 to patsive resigtames = pt tp = 2h Tetal upedared force ing Betam¢e + of, FA()2 2H) 4,844 OTtamg = Befanp +afp 8 = 2lp + Betamg — LBP. tang B= AC het feat Ny ) + BL tag ~ + oFtamg Resttame 1yB= CMB + TMB + } —_ = ligt fry t 'P, f pee "tu dus'fo duc to | Ma Lofeaion , Surcharge 2 Pr, + Berang = (eM) 2fjy = (TNa)B ny ~ oP emt = (f BYNOB GOW E Gn + Mg +f IM | “TeveaghiT Bearning Capcity Fedor T Forel’) i Birip Footrng | y “8 + Bee a 2onear) of 26D 2one GI) MyNg Mp Beaving Capasity factors depondt upon the | | Ween Pius ge Vey | aungle ap internal: Friction poe 3 Meher Prandtf Fer elay (#=0) Fer Cay (¢=0) | Mase Me = SAY | Me to M% = bo | Mp=O NP = 0im (1) deee to Gok Cg = ax (ad om cd) a RB caprrcrrd femmes ete to cohesion = Caamg lasing = Qa sing = 20 oyhuap A = Betang passive, resistamec. (ii) Upeoard fonee due ti = Ip Tp = 2h Fatal upward = Bedonp4 ah] — farce EAY= 20) 48+} OVIang = Betamp +a Pp at = 2p + Gttamg ~ of BP. tame ub Al Net Ug t My) Bt tong = beg W) Due ¥o Coheaing, (i) due te Pastive fp = Mgt Arg + Rs, L at L Lt ant duc to cohesion Sumcharye &Pl, + Betang = (ON) B hy = (TG )B ny gerVteng =(t BYNY)B r w Wy B= CNS AP Ny B+ OWES Gig Om +P OMY | Beaning Capae ty Equetion- Te ae J. _ [trie Footing | r 8 4 - | eter og 2c) pees 2 Gq = My + (DY) Ng tp PY YNaNy > Beaving Capacity factors depondt upon the angle epidermal’ Friction 2onets) sat vee ge) 1 fie Tenge As ler Prandtl Far elay ($0) Na SF Mye £0 Mp =Oee Estimation of total upland free @) Due to Cohesion, (ii) Bece ¥2 Passive KResitteny \ j Co U) dus to Cohesion Ca = ax (ad or Cd) B la = ¢% Zeoap Uupriard fame: dite to cohesion = Catng + Casing = dating =2er xo king = Betang x (ii) Ustard fonee clue 40 patsive, resistamel = ft fp : we aah eee. zA()= 2) 4.844 8 Viemg = Betang +Aafp ub = oly + Betang — LBXS. tang ] QuB,= AC fat Peg t My) + BL tang - + 8 Ftamg 1 ener TTT Sees f= fat frat PP x he ea aS dusjo ducte | “ail cohesion Suncharge abl, + BCtang = (ONE thy = (TM4)B any — yore ae esr BYni)B 4+ yes CME + TNE + gorwre [a= eM +O Ny +p BONY “Tereaghin Beaming Caparity Equetion Tt ?ene(t) Ry eee y a oF 2enetts) ne) 2ene C1) ait a yaaa Qu = OMe + 5p) uy + yey My NaMy > Beaning Capacity factens depend.t upor the angle x maternal: Friction 4a Per Tevaaghé ha Per Prandtl Far clay (#=0) Fer Uoy (40) Ne = OF Ne = Sty Ny = £0 My = 10 p= 0 Np =ONe ¢ Z Zz = Q- Teroaghil. Gearing Capacity Equctions ger G2. a, smeninr | FOtras 4 ting (Medetied Bs Dy = tm Qn =? dygenent shape of fectngs (Modified Ene, x ne, ar Cael) Fer strip Footin: ' : © aye. BP ayy. Imus ane Ing = pon BS fa CN Tay + fBMMY| Qnu= 200 -(20%2) | Ing= N2 kM/m™ Inu 260 Kulm Ag © "2 Kun Case-{1) For Reetamgutar Footims (& Oa ah 3eMe +E + 0.3 LPny yy O.3DYNP 0-3 oy OF == wf(deste oe) 1. é a: E : as Terzaghit Geaving Capacity Equctinns for . G2 a, sm00uim | FOF : i ved By, of 7 digger end shape footngs (Modified Brigg, ye am a | Cael) Fan stnip Footn “ a Amy, BE oi a \ Inu = Va T Inge fet 25 Qe = ON. + Fg + $ BY? Qnu= 300 —(20%4) | Ing= 11a KN/m™ Imu> 260 KN/ a Bag @ 2 Kuhn Cate41) For keelamgular Footing (B | Beaving Gepacsly equation remadnd Same) | Uy = ONy tT Ne, + A BYNy I = OMe t TY) Mg +e OPNy CaselIT) When Water table it in 2one(t) id Ulater tatie Cenmeation factor Condition 1) Ty 2 =O That means water table ‘Sat the ase of the footing. ay 2-70, Yar > Viat, Rp = OS | fagu en, APY AE Bag MOD | Tan Ome Popa F ee] Lifer aH Csndition (GL if 228 aCe That means water table (4 at the beumdany of zone (11) and zone(II1) 278, Vag, aya ay = On, + (Vy) Ne + FBIM, g = 05 (When water table if at the tate cy | min | footing ov above the bare of the footing) RY = 10 (hen WT, sat the boundary a Re Zone (Iand zene (ITD) or A zone Gry) Fi | os <% \ (lecture 7 <0 | 12 + Vout (8-2) 2+ (8-2) Lu = ON + Tg + > [Thend tevm of the eguation shall Le rapagil Cate(110) then water table it in the 2ene(t) Scesnd Feo and Third tepi af Ths eg Shall be modézfied. : Wy 2 CNet Tig tt Cup RF Gu CN, tTMg ey BY Hp. 8)—————————— = Yar teat (Op -4) ~ Maced) 1) Speotal ately) Wet ultimate Bearin = ta + Vout (4-9 : blag S| TE pas Nz 25°71; Mg 405 My = o Aen feriuacy-ae* BY M (0-3) ue cap tu > EPO Condition Tp a2 ee que eis) EPO T Tr Ge = (eer Ot aT ny (OS Ggm CNet CM 8p) My EH leat My ( | | Ima? tu T lonastion®) Zp a> Be | fun (sae 0F)- 7 = eee Qu = F9CFO dy = OMe + (VE) Ng + Blas Mp (2-8) . Impsrtant Noted Spentat Cate) Ty Kater table reaches at the | (4) imate Geaning capacity im OP oil (Silty sell) peel ot dwn fakin cohesionlayy cependé upon thd Bhape Sy foot 2 Hee of footing, POET T Sami Soil Depth of footing amd (ovation of Dater table. —_ (2) Ultimate beaning capacity in cohetionlitt (Sond, Qy= Veutdy Ny +h Phas Ml D) Set) Lott (Aviation Soll) dépemdet upen the thape = (ad Yat) ana + Bhat Ny (b oy foatinng, Abve Af foatlny side Aol by yetirgy vacnd ty = (= 7 Pat) 2 at Mil) location af water table. a 7 we [[t yma t $ Oliat “EF ® (govt (2), Ulimate Bearing Cagacsty in frietroateas toll Clay Soi) depends upon the Shape of footin , depth Fon cohesionlet Sei] (Mo Water table) | footing amd Location og water table . Lt ix He ib | of See of footn Qua (op) Mg +E BPM ? an (Big) My + 5 87 —O | (WO Neb uttrmate searing capasity im srietientess oil Note 15 Ty water table viter to the gn ound Sut (leg ae af Figenes eee clepth of Tr epkerienlaal Boil Than, beamed capacity] iOrtng ame location ef'siaven table Tr dependef Weansed ty approiimaiey Sof are he Ahape op gooting cn. : Jy water talle vises them beaming aapasily Hart | deapeating, When eater table peaches to the grouna Hamgase in cokesiontest oil Cfrietional Sei) ther. q cltipate bearing capacity gets reduced by apprsiAgsignm ent ecotiOn oD) - a Yeat = (9S kupys : zonel2) one, v= (6: Bkwppe Coes" = 4hy + a HP) Mie ry Rw Pene(33) ao ke] itm 13 1 set Pene(I1Z) rine (A) later tole *8 yn belosd grecend level, No, effect of water fable = TM te BPM Iu = (vax ey Kay kX FEY) Yur (SYS IY KML ‘9 _ ae, IENEMG = | as HEMET = 3089 7 (3) Mater tatle. 4 (tm Silow ground! Level hee That 2 O%es My RD Ue? DYNg tT Biat Np(0-5) le= (iesrranavy)e (prawns t2yeo's) Gyo 1248-024 KN fi Forge ayo. ? 40D 4 Fos= 3.42 | | | s Dewy UF YS RMI? “| (2) water table Mf oS below 6 rere errr eee i So betow Crk lt doe" (@)_Water table dy, ty Fu =(leaen2 ary) eer patsy 825) Muar 1455-34 kA/m™ Youg > 22st Tead (8-2) so S( I 1 eee) eh sortie Poug 2 (te: 8¥ 3) hgusxD \ioar 4 13+ 0-4 ie Water table if 0-59 below ft Fe iote3 T= (ero se (7-46 ¥0-7) 4 Ve BYNy RY) du = (153% gnu) + CEN2e 9 very qu = 1ouheg 8 KN/m Foss - =, i Nat ig =) 405] Fog es louis OS on ; (E) Water table fat but Naelp \ 24 = Baus op. Ne +E Oras RS Le a[laraadarexery] Tz Ur 87YF kKu/m a Yoo Fos= 224 | 2x14 SKYDY KOS |[Lecture -13/ meg ANAT oo PT ec a “ye T=0 Phe 7 A Taos Heer OF | 0. A? ~ | s, ey oe te Wa i. TN, + ZBYNy The genet) am Gee @ ae Lom re kfm a = FON 21 Se. the beaming pec, vEmeay ( osm no RN) ute reduced opprecimatety sf i. . ling Condition so 4 tee fon Flacding + © te Rye os(te FZ) 4h © hero, 602, 4o0 why = os lit Ate Feb | reo = Elio CAPM : | tus 600%% [tam 2B EMH RE [a= 2a) Cirndent cea 4 EI Size y footing) pS 4 1 Ppaetia QuettiNk Forgras 2) ® Remains the Sane a bet sh a2 “ i oD : : a7] meats | ape SZ 4, = Chat Fg + BPN, : ism eee eel fee Wat | --O—t-- Pome |? fey. . | Cie, Bos ot ewin3 Mea 54 MELO, My =o | 2 Pore as We oder GT @ Fate ae x Ime =Iu-F (WY) Fate Inge tes" BE: [ciebtir kvP] Gru SHY tg Tus ste] © oth Mtatemendsave fol | ; Fos Qne = [es.rgerag) (a esx ey) +Goxar eres) — Cm a Uns = QIF- 4S Knpm] a ce — PTOIB BT INI ote eS (wa Bele Br3s 778 3 caret) 4, Hy aS. 1 Lem 2503 stam Ju > - tom ¢ - + i ' feo Aeip footing ) poo Une i Me = 15 CF 7 Raft Foot a 3.3639 He = Jol fer Rertanyelan/ Square /eireuter (RF 2 stan fin =_O- BH 3s enline } [amr207] (en 28 33 eu 1 4s per Skemplens talysit bo joe Hat i = 60 . Pato 8 | ca, fee VS i ott [Lecture] | Wedanane #5 Frmtty Wena © OF Skemptentt Hralysis ; —<—— p ve net ultrmate bear | [entune -15 aa pen Stemptontt Analydis ay [Lecture =£5 ] é votrontet Aoi) (Clay Acif) can § i: ‘¢ npaaity oy forettontet 4of) VY. Shape factons, fe ty by > Pnelination’ factord, de dy dy Depth factors. > Meerhog? extended the thet zone above the bateof p footing hemee side, pestttanee it being [erveutar) byl) eonsidémed Poti) > The mothed 19 AuHtalle rohon inaldned Loads are | aexerwing on different thape of footings Ts lode Methed of Gearing tapacity Jor Shallos) Footings Cosel) 24, 4 =0 ee Ns =S0 (for Strip Footing) Ny = 6-0 (for Rgeane/veetampelan duel. Fy, oc ce Me = GO(1+0-2 4) for his gooting Ne = ba (14 04 BE) (for Square) Cireutar fet), [Be =e) Shee + OD 5 ig da +CG OMG) fy dy A = 5:0 (440.2 2) (1-02 DE) (Yer heetangslt] Ing = Lt sa Regt footing Fos hs = Uns tT kur} { [© Meyerhoty fina lysis 1h mere aeeurate Than It Cade Rethed,ea Yada a Vertivas | q A dis “ol ae Anea footing aan | Sateload = Safe Gearing y epload= p oed Efteh ag Eeambnily Cosels) Teoowsay exrntrieity ait Redced ~ /y-2) | area. ee f Coneltt) One voay espntrionty Soe lead = ae im reduced Sage load = SbE%7T aren | Cosel) Leentoieity in Atel One wag exentricity cam be ceanidered oleng ths caidth & IE tede Nethed ( With Ewrtrial OMe Sele de + FlMg i054 ig tg +g BE My Sy lyy ¥ tater alte) | ue Vau = CN, S, + T(t 1) lade +p Pty, Sy by by ta Whine Wy Water tab. ccopeetion forter fede 1 = 05 (44% g'> eed b 48 zoel) yyy t % Ins * Wt =05 zone(I}) B Zome(th) Wa SS $9) = aye OMe Slade t TNO D tga ~——3——+ p> —t_so¥ f 4 gt GBMy Se lpdy We = (IBRD ISEBXESTY 7 OMY MNS | eee # PK ZAIEX PBN YOO Dy Applied Moment aut. Bin are ( A Kerth aboud point 0 = fee 2 2 >) Lc= 389-215 t (6-629 c bate i eceeemn) LPT [etfs = . 4 | abou! point 0 CTE XB = OnE (2) a ee i | Fen epuiliboium enidition: Fos ae = Ing = wosstus~(er)) YAP ee oe , 3 ae. | 7 fg ® arta D eN/m Biz B-den. | Vy = aT ey 129-282 KN ae aR ol8 plete GD as Qing = tng * Avreduced —T L¥ Ong = 1a9.292x( 1-72) | om. Loote Silt [Bore SEF] Ag | a : Nee @ We aanalto use 1 toce Methed, but aniuver ai!) 7 a4 bn Bewte Sand fe, Alt dege PO nme pnejeradie Qinta = (Ne Seriede + T(M-1) 59g ly + $ BING Sply dy 1 pent, Meyer-hoyp omalytdsdamore ateuraLoose Silt Dense Sand LO0ee Fos “Hl —— Zs Yaad > £0 kn Mae = 12 nm Ny = Yo Mate Ny 2 ys My 220 Ing = Ine. Bun [ester 4 hbr anes, ear voi toes Foe PR FD paper Teraaght bed) 1) ees je S19 T= out. by ( hs | 7 (8) aren = 4-280 orn (F- senr| tg @ 40 X(8) eu = 51y wom = fed) | * CW ta = 414 lu Rp = o-slit &) (0) (TH?) Cu = SI Cu 5 < Rh CL0 vaymment Guilin’ Undnashed Condition @ y= = HORN ino cl = Lo KN/m o! 7#05 Draived Condition oct = 11 M/F total A tretstualyslt bond raved End” Short term effect d=0) Exgeotve Stress heaps ] Ga) drained amd J ding term <9. Sus zene dng a aan : | a 2s © Finmediate Lefttanent, [= / 5 = 6181-42) Po Pe j= S760 ] zero bloxaxé(in 0.3%) % v a box? = A — Si = 11-0 mm 4 [ An g) 411 " tg @ atm fr ge 0, Ne = + a> GNet TNg +H BPI Qu =(yorra)e Ca¥ tory) | Dee = Fb-F KM mee N24, Vy=0 Al @ asg.60 Ku)Lecture = 18] aa ult q fen tlayp Soil Soy Tn the case op clay sei] olts “ad Field Methods to determine Bearing Capeeity | ate bearing capecetty | sr Kym buy N/ wh 3 Sandy wolf CaseGar) for sandy Set) fo Dn the cate of ultimate bearing oapacrty depend worthe Hive 4, the. seating CThatmeans “Rus # Pup) G) Plate load teat. ‘ Standand Penetration teat Statie Cone Penetratiim lett. ) Plate load Tekt j= 4 Bg | ee 39% Thet method was detigned to determine module of subgrade neaction eshich (8 uted indesign of Te Jrek avemente, I i p nue Tass method can be used to estima I : | te heaving onpasily tated en shea oritenra and cal gauge allowable" pretiune based en LeHla-ment epiteria ? % |“) A pt/trench og Size Not bss than S times the [Bate Plate | __ Aize of base plate (4 prepared. k—— 2, + : (2) 4 base plate 4 rectangular /£3uame/erreutar k—_—_—¢55—4 Shape of Size 300m/YSam /éomm/ 90 am. can be ty $4), uted. S| (8) Timer chia GPUs ane atlacked af IRd° each “| to measure the Gettlement and av det | rptase) “ment if Faker ee soil (4) The load i¢ applied through jack haw iay Sah amd load telioment cudvel se ye — \) Prestuve ($e) radaken on the herivental axes and 4etlement *4 taken om the vertizal axes, Demse. ti) uff cont < Settiement <= lopCsetttament) a oee ' | ) { ) The khear pature oeeurs Dhen | et hen plate starts Aettlenig Lt nly with the high Devel vny the ease or3 LT dense Loil whenead tee y Mf py, nett , 7 eanive im the code af Cooke AOU- aces ( by ) (ter ep ail. nzos) = B . 7 a ee Gon be plotted fy lay “teal. es : te di ely Sot) ? a 9\— (Lire Hi Hotesel’s Amalysis_1> According te howtel ths tg “1 “Gannying capacity is ingluanced by aren a Sf > Settlement of footing i jootbitlr af the! footing and propert est am 07 Setterment of plate 8 dewte zo! Both, a> D0idth ey footing. (in m) g sipsa! Ty @, 8, Pave the ultimate lead, area, °F pay) By idth af plate (in ™ ee pee af the plate ved peotively. and perirne ter of f a > for the given permissible valttes 6, Aettlement ef | ted, iS Using lead settlement cunve,fon the value of S, dup cam be caleutated. y Now using Dup ; a ean be éalewlated udinng Bell. for 2" Bate Plate Mote i> Me yunther factor of Safety jd Peguire few a"? Baste Plate , G = m+ ert @ \ oe Seeaude Calenlated alee ay Yup hat boon. RES n ol ; Solve an® and 39%@ and caleulate omanth eitnncated conailening ie ee Assuming by > Apnea of footing : | af footing & Pare com a called taa/altonaste. & > Perimeter of feeting. | Prestuene (in Kuprne) Ceotune 19] Ne@ & MAT AQ, = 4 2 “ Sp = Apt Bn | (KN) |e Ba Bt0mm > 0.3m | [f= Ie Fmm Sp = Simm for 18 Gate Plate 4. Uikimate. Bearing Capacity Casted on ets ment tris a ft = = Be = Sm Aug ® 17° Es cade hast suggested penrisiible valeurs 14q @. a w® 2 Far Clay > YO mm St Gy Cipro) J ¥ fay | ot, | Berry : Fon Sand» 8mm, \) Sp Bp (Br 403) | 5 (03403) |e s [peeltees) "cfm Sandy sil) ‘ 2% (& + 0-3) slo © Poa [stesyOty el Clay Sol Lup = 190 Kia eg @ 150 — dug. = Lup . greene HES ey (BE 2up 2 Le tf eg ¥ HPD ty = 1200 | Kha. étandand Penetration Test ( SPT- text [FS 2434 ~ 419774] Soi} y © Te weight of hammer and hoa eee (a) Thee test te pergowmed in cleam bone hele of Alze- LOD mm. to t50mm- (parsasar-taes ne uted for thet tent: B)-tn bere holut, easing amd dpilling mud eam b used edhen alvi thing i: fo bedene ‘in Aas? clay or loose famed. (Y) That feat Shall be perfarmed | GD ateveny change im Stata it) at intervals not mere than L5m p| (5) The sampler 6 penétrated at the bottom a the. fene hole by dypamie meahantsm. ef haumer. hg of free fale <) re brs ky amd Fem Pape tively. YG) The splat Spoon sampler id finat allowed to sink by ite oun acl eight then num ber af blow ave applied. (8) Thee teat 1 pevgenmed in 3 Ataged of 150 mm each 2Oheehever "4 td. : (2) The number a tlds ve ined in firth IFOm we onlay pom yall | N, = Ne Ze e a horse ea -» dvorburden pr — aoe ttt ben em N,-¥ Comrected Value ‘ater overturn dee pnequived In coher CTF 2R0 ‘ors far Ty 280 KAY dig Asrp ection 1& oF reguived. ey Cormeen [Ahi | Ceorealin, 7 ' ~——4 (“en earvoation 14 appleed in pine hand and | Ail hum water table 14 present, if | (8) Then acnmcotion khall be ay, cod Chen date) Vahee ik et’ on” above’ the tent Covel Ty alm fable. i& below the tedt lavet thon thet Cornedy ja not peguived | () Due to the lyn awe action of hammer pate presscere edidtanee (Fh developed bytu'ele aul the SPT number to be over edtimated. There fo veduecr SPT Valter thes osrneation (dt Peps ed | (2) edater Table Coprection fliala tan lu, 2 ic £00rF)| eel iat (1,18) @ olvoags My» Fnal banested value agter oa Cornestion Ny -* Canreatod jer tale ll value afer overLurdey, endl — 1 otton th not negquered. (4) Ty mts them thes corres Note i-y O Water table cermeation wh ‘overburcden aornectin aledays! opplird after Uipyporesetteso ts) dente hands beeaute @ Ths spr test id suitalle for im Lootithand and ftlt pene pare? presdipe Graaccke. th permeable) ‘menittanee 14 develo ped. @ Tris jenerially not dectall for olay soil beoauste, pone precdune pesidtamnet /F develiped and under the dynavate action ef hammer clay if pemoulded @Q Let Wy My Ne ane! My ame the final/Cormected SPT mumbert ertimated at diferent levels then averaye value Akal be usted for further caleula ting ee tassel | Y ® ty og He compected value Mj] Me /Ne/N, hat amare than SOY, variation With average $PP Vales (Woug) thom that value ih voreng Tt Akolt be- ignered Vos average valuut thal be eHimated fram vematsing values, ‘fer Excanmple nso we ongeeen 2 Final N Valu My Mee “a [w= % 7 Ne SOI Np= 3x NEYO i [ae 73]e prryo = bofecnpew] © "Nes 62 b0 ~Y Ne ik Arey o 7 Tpnore Ne Value Ee-21 | Chapter-6 (7 oe leelure Ce 2) “eage tquation 9" The met autecase/net oe i ; Tune at the bate of foundation ' i) pe gs WS Olenvedd G07 val fener teat Lee Bal 3 ; : eee Bind 76-15 Ny -7 Apfer Overby, ee 5 es ipozer——[E] amet aga tage 0 (-D| a] eo qyod qas- 30 Ol ng Ayten cilatan, | sa fm) 30 — 37-6 £ Cenree dan! ty -y Water tab. cowneetion factor. pe 4S ( : " a ley = OS (14 Lin, - Ny = Etetet Ap = ISH Z CN, ts) | Naa | Ng 4b (24-1) | da > Depth g water fable below Lait opt fuby Nps Mol $e aeeae : S> Pewminsible settlement Cin mm) y= No ( Gee tran factor. ites tae Ag © 24 Cy > Depth Carveation tr] ey Hemmination of Mlevantls Sarva Fat J Fre Challow) Foundation 2 ye une uting s @ Peek Hansen EquctiOe rey : Ppethume In kuin Wat altowa be Beamin given a 7 Ey iv Lames = ONL NS Ed one | fiom ee f ees N> Average connected SPT NO. ew lh F734 i 2 ——— 8a Se Pevmigaible seftement of yO ZS ede Methed jy 25 Code Method pesommendec teunda tien tm "xam: eee ee tute af Téngt €4% with Small coppeetion amd te as os(tt BE gig vepth‘ceradeation fact, Dy > Depthoy water table [Panet/tneaye = satus) [ ESBE 7 8 0a] kevin below ground Aurfece. ae Baret/Ing = 0-88 News ] Chor Rage) kii/in [Pevst/tng = 048 Meuct| [fence = 226 | oo fag t Com dames kfm ee ee[Lecferwa=Z2] Astignmenrh Guan Z . wrote Sy 1510 BBG) at60 Sim Poiexw/m? a 2 so open ue 6D | ‘I Hee Hp ie V5 ae mit, VB hip ined AP Street ae Aintered Lo-emtnetin pe 1O-emstantand 1O-EMTypes IS -e mI Type 2. Gaia Penetromelen Pretaeane. Frecceme Preteen Penetrometer . Vind = 204M o> Vy 2 (0.Kup> = thewomnm® = AO aro y= 20l gore) =50M Ing = OUI NSC) Ny = (5e§ (50-56-19) Ing = OPERLYOXO-PSS ig = 327] GSAS SYTSSIT 9608428467 43248 auf | = z | [ree] Tekt CEPT Static Ce Penetration dup = aarTice tert it used t0 determing the continecolid S| Rurutames, efpered by ‘the Bei], 3 Ce hat angle of borat verter and bale area of 40 onh™ ] yee OPT Vali (5 et timated i'n Heh pert 1A the omtinuous vesttamee, and drut by I Cin Kula) ] bee Lecture -25 Contact Pressure Distribution Contact presstine i the redpanse of the Avil against the applred leads. Cmtact pressure seis oitlction dlepends upon the Ci) styynestt of footing, Chigid gesting, flenible fecting) ‘Stiypnesta of Aotl (Miypnerk y olay Hoil, Hilf nets y . sandy 201) Type wy Leadirigs (Pervit load, sae Stiy nes of foundation. sy Stiyynets of foundation me. fas i cant whether iH Lp pleritle an Pigid. cain hast Atify nese Jreeten tion 2er0 but lett thdm inginite Ce R called Atiyy footing, infinite Coytion it Shall be aPleille Footing t+ Tt will not show an . NGI ayainit deqhdtion. 74 10H! fake a Phage aia Aigid Footing Sai Tm wipid footing tetlerment 1 Uifs Htonge dejgenentiol dettlement Larger “Fettien fat contact presdire dittoibettor clependd pea He Akal peasy near the regio of high Atrers tong type yf foils. "0, pation, “YT Erample tr Lavte Embankment id Cantidered 3 . cy ge Footing have plenvéle foundation and flexible Thee dy, AYA ty Onigovm Settlement © toro te J to be supported. Stig Foundation j-» hen foundation Phovdd tang pesigtanes to diylection 1t id called Sip foun, ‘4 TI la Example i> brag soundation may be treated : at Hep jeoting r en wvigerm 1 a i Sett Dhek vill never Phow dey latin) deforma ye ydipperental deHlement. Only Uniform moreng Let ieiarndy oil Clay Seif On. 14 fhoods very bat cliyerential Lettlom eng i | eines 5 Cigh Footing tay The qeotinge With Mnf/nite shy, NID | Contact nt ie chtenved | Example ix A dmalt pad foundation ey REE ] pti having signifveant thiekn el, osha | vtctarmaat net te tw drawn beeaudte Ht Suigynesh op Soil Sar stiqg meat og clay Soll under RUE ome value but at the edger x . aod pressure iy Geotiogs evil be ecnigern under entire averd pi Goria Ome we aed r rs met i: , of feendation eohevead Aine op Herd il SSE AE > ene fea canine pete inaneatet with the ineneaste in conginin distoibatien 1h wnifanm ‘but Lettlern np! ctapend pen the pretsure. that meant -nean the eae | type of hoitd, Atifg meds 1h higher and near the periphery) edge the Adify nest 1& lower, | 4 Pluble Footing Oniterm contact Pmesdene Ades pribuber, PTO—— [Beturemae] vege IT 3 Flewible Ts ney PR eater ae dy Or ond 3004 Contact UX Samy Sop ON oat glay Sell Note £> O Rigid Footing in Silty Sot it} DT by weniger fetlenent 1 { {il Ht Contact Presthure| ie distri butrn Note 1+ For Rigid peoting vetting on a Aurjas ay cokearoness Soil the Lettlement must be unifor and the preddune deshibution (f Pero at the edges and maximum at the comtne. butfa very deep gooting an sad the con fast ppebsurt distribution may be mone lke that of rigid fecty on cohesive s0i! Le, more at edges anid lull | ___cAsstomn scree op EET TTChapter -7 iy Me foundation THe Types of Pile () Type ey piled sated onthetr aaton > (D End seaving pile 3> © Tate type sy piles are rrovided in lorie stand or Aofd olay orth greater deyth ae : ; onload carrying capacity G) Friction fe cevive fie! ae v9 7 ©) There type of pilet pest onthe hard dtr tap, ‘deve. to Skin aon We Oe (6) Length op gietion pile should be form te 20m, (6) That means the length of ths ome bearing pte, a Sup (ev) rols cepn the depth ay the hard Htrata. 7 : =——1 Ff (CO) Exd bearing pile derive ther Aiveng th hue yo | { end Seana pedidtanee /peint peciddance, | opt clay Sep (xe) | wots | pesigtanee a) eee Cxupm*) 1| se Saft \ errs Sei! | i I tt | m- a ee | . = he fend” oo Sup = Ose = depts — xe Ger = Yor. As Gup = Seb = Yep Ae er > Skin grvetion force (kN) Get = Lends Usp > Skin frration Retstamnee CKV/m*) Gos > Enel bearing force CAM) ley >» End bearing aetibtemee (£Y/m) Ag > Beaving ance (mY) Fer Cinentar Pile As -» Sergaee aveacm) For Cineular Pile As= mL Far Squave Pile “As = Yee ie a.