CHAPTER No.

10: HEAT AND ITS EFFECTS CLASS: 8th

Question No. 1: Why are the metal rivets used in construction work red-
hot when they are hammered into place?

Answer: The metal rivets used in construction work are red hot when they are
hammered into place. When they cool, they contract, pulling the two pieces of
metal tightly together.

Question No. 2: Why does a blacksmith heat the iron rim for a wooden
wheel before putting it into place?

Answer: A blacksmith heats the iron rim for a wooden wheel so that it expands
slightly and fits easily over the wheel. When the rim cools it contracts, pulling the
section of the wheel tightly together.

Question No. 3: Does ice float or sink in water? Explain your answer.

Answer: Ice floats in water because when cools from 4oC to 0oC. it expands and
becomes slightly less dense than it was at 4oC.

Question No. 4: Explain Why an inflated balloon is likely to burst if you

leave it near a window with the sun streaming in?

Answer: 1. If an inflated balloon is left in a warm place, the air inside expands
and its pressure on the walls of balloon increases. Eventually the balloon will
burst.
Question No. 5: Why is the bore of a thermometer so narrow?

Answer: The bore of thermometer is made very narrow so that when the
mercury or ethanol is the blub of the thermometer expands or contract it makes
the liquid in the tube rise or fall quite a large distance.

Detail

Question No. 1: Explain why?

i. The metal lid on a glass jar can be unscrewed easily if the jar is inverted for
few seconds with lid in very hot water,
ii. Furniture may creak at night after a hot day,
iii. Concreter roads are laid in sections with tarmac or a rubber compound
between them

Answer:

i. The metal lid of the jar expands more than the glass in hot water.
ii. Furniture often creaks at night after a hot day because it has expanded
slightly during the day and then contracts when it cools down at night.
iii. Concrete roads have tarmac or rubber strips between the sections to
allow for expansion in hot weather and contraction in cold weather.

Question No. 2: A pond has a layer of ice over its surface. What are the
temperatures of the water just underneath the ice and near bottom of the
pond? How does the layer of ice slow down the complete freezing of the
water in the pond?

Answer: The temperature of the layer of ice is 0oC. The water just underneath
the ice is also at 0oC. The water near the bottom of the pond is a 4oC.