"Double sale" refers to the scenario where a seller sells the same property to two different buyers,

leading to ownership disputes. It follows the principle of "first in time, first in right," but exceptions exist,
especially if the second buyer acted in good faith without knowledge of the prior sale. To avoid such
conflicts, sellers should ensure proper documentation, and buyers should conduct due diligence. Overall,
transparency and legal protection are crucial in property transactions to prevent double sales and
uphold the rights of all parties involved.

A contract of sale is a legally binding agreement between a buyer and a seller, detailing the terms of
purchase. It includes the identities of the parties, description of goods or services, purchase price,
payment terms, delivery arrangements, warranties, and dispute resolution procedures. It ensures clarity
and protection for both parties in the transaction.

A contract to sell is a vital legal document between a buyer and a seller, outlining the terms of a pending
transaction. It covers essential details such as the parties involved, description of the item or service,
agreed-upon price, payment schedule, delivery terms, warranties, and dispute resolution methods. This
contract acts as a safeguard, ensuring transparency and accountability throughout the transaction
process.

A conditional contract of sale is a legal agreement where the completion of the sale depends on certain
conditions being met. These conditions could include factors like obtaining financing, securing necessary
permits, or the satisfactory completion of inspections. Until these conditions are fulfilled, the contract is
not binding, and neither party is obligated to proceed with the sale. Once all conditions are met, the
contract becomes unconditional, and both parties are bound to fulfill their respective obligations. This
type of contract provides flexibility and protection for both the buyer and seller, allowing them to
navigate potential uncertainties before finalizing the transaction.

The rights of an unpaid seller are crucial protections when a buyer fails to pay for goods or services. They
include the right to withhold delivery until payment, stop goods in transit if the buyer is insolvent, resell
goods, sue for payment and damages, and retain possession of the goods until payment is made. These
rights ensure sellers are not unfairly disadvantaged and promote fair commercial practices.

A hidden defect refers to a flaw or issue with a product that is not readily visible or apparent at the time
of purchase but becomes noticeable after the purchase or during use. These defects can vary widely,
ranging from structural weaknesses in a building to mechanical faults in a piece of machinery. Hidden
defects pose risks to consumers as they may affect the usability, safety, or performance of the product. In
many jurisdictions, sellers are legally obligated to disclose any known hidden defects to buyers to ensure
transparency and protect consumer rights. When hidden defects are discovered after purchase, buyers
may have recourse to legal remedies such as requesting repairs, replacements, or refunds, depending on
the laws and regulations governing consumer protection in their jurisdiction. Overall, awareness of
hidden defects is essential for both consumers and sellers to uphold standards of safety and quality in
products and transactions.