Expectation of (AB) - (4) (B) _ gx 812 ne ected frequency Corresponding to first row and first colt % is beget expected frequencies shall be Oey Wasi 180 240 r-1)(c=1, 18.05 + 3:84. e calculated value of x” is greater than 1 eis useful in checking malaria. tation 2. Based on information on 9! the cultivation of these fields a the following classification was Ould You conclude that owner Sul chi-square test as ene tet US take the “ent attributes,paced trequencies shall be The table of & The calculated value of 7” is much more than the Henoe it can be conclud ‘owners cul ustration 3. in an ex, periment on immunization of cattle results were obtained : Affected Inoculated 12 Not inoculated 16 Calculate x? and discuss the effect of vaccine in cont one degree of freedoy Let us take the hypothesis Susceptibility to tuberculosis, Applying 42 Expectation of ag) = A) (B) _ 38 N60 The table of expected frequencies will be as follows : Since one ofthe obse apply 2? test,965 Ee (0-6 (O- EF/E. 27.04 , 1528 . 27.04 26st 27-04 1332 27-04 2311 (2(0-677E}=7.796 = (O- £°/E]=7-796 r= 1) (©-1)=(2-1)@-4 24 316.05 = 3-84 ee lue of x" is greater than the table value, the hypothesis cate ‘vaccine is effective in controling Susceptibility to ‘ v= vce tne ore, con ont From the a i epenore mo 250 pa treatment: vase, Stale No. of patients ; atment Favourable Not favourable Total 140 088 | 170 ventional = BY a 200 50sintapest oo 25 e for degree of freedom = 1, chi-square 5 per cent= 3.84.) ») M4.Com., M.D. U jon, Let us take the hypothesis that there is en : ' conventional treatment. Applying 2 test : NO significant difference bety DB od 10 x 170 Expectation of (AB) = 200x170 a 136. e lable of expected frequencies shall be as follows : 3 hoes 136 34 170 64 16 80 200 50 a 0471 1:000The calculate ve 12 is lass than the table value, The p there isno significant diference between the new and convenjgnsPO Wustration 5. A certain drug is claimed t0 be effective in cyja if of them were given the drug pet % reactions 10 the treatment are reg in ty Harmed . _ Sugar pills ‘On the basis of t of the drug and sugar ‘Solution. Let us take the null hypothesis that there is no of the drug and sugar pils. Applying 7° test and finding out can it be conclud there is a 250 =140; Bin = gap x 260 = 140; 2500 so Bro= Fg <70= 95 ‘The table of expected frequencies shall be as follows ; 140 36 440 36 75 280 70 x v For & The calculated value of y° i There is no significant differe Mlustration 6, 1,000 student between economic conditions and the level of |,Q.NESS OF FIT La, omic High Medium solr ents 160 300 BA Tota cm, ‘ 140 100 iD oo y 300 400 St oxo 0, es (™.Com., Madurat y Pe 10 the hypothesis that on SS eon the basis of this gone level re: b) al 600 wi | But = 4999 * 300 = 180 ; there is no ®8SOCiatig hypothesis the ex 600 Bie = + O99 * 400 = 240, ye of expected frequencies is given below ; ple meee tne tt 180 240 160 v=(r- 1)(@-1) = (2-1) (8-4)a2 ae For v= 2, 1805 = 5.99 . The Calculated value of x2 is J ice, there is association b e on Mustration 7, 200 digits are chosen at random from a set of gis are as follows : et 1 2 3. a Feny 1g 19 © 23. 21M elemeog Use Pesto a Tectness i 'SSess the cor of the hy i Mer in the ‘ables trom which they were chose aia Hpahess 8 rejected. HenFor v=9, thos= 1622 ‘able value and hence th iven below are the theoretical n nl rn na Bw SaFIT ss OF g0oPN 969 A aN 0 =2[0- BP 5 = ~ B/E\= 1.6, e 9 original classes have been reduced i cay 2.1 addition, the Mean, Standard et 0 108 pave been used in calculating the the etd Ut umber of degrees of freedom is a nu al aie 9.49, The calculated value of 72 ig 4, 1005 © pecaus! '9 7 by grouping, th . deviation 19, thus reduc ‘Oretical fr naa totally cordingly 4 Much legs ‘hat t The \ ‘ 8 ound as follows : wa . 0 1 cl iF defects 2 2 of units = 28 Pe 20 j stribution to the data and test for goodness of fit, The expected frequencies have been cal 2 ly the x" test of goodness of fj "We now app! it. Let Us take the ant difference between observed frequencie: si lion S and the frequenci [= 214 212.75 92 93.4 20.5 3 0.35 n. on pst n rey Poisson y (O+B2 0 1.5625, 1.96 0.0225 v=3=o ee [Since after grouping only 3 classes are left and when Poisson di V=1, 3 05 = 3:84 Caloulated value of y* is much less than the Hence the fit is good. istribution is table value. The hypothesis ilustration 10. In an experiment on pea-breeding Mendel obtained of seed : 315 round and yellow, 101 wrinkled and yellow, 108 round and green. According to his theory of heredity the numbers sho $1, Is there any evidence to doubt the theory at 5% level of signi fic bendy take the hypothesis that there is No’ significant differenc luencies. According to the theory the expected an S56 260 Iay 56% 3 ~ 104.25, 104.25 and 34:75 AOA Solution. Let us nd expected freq Applying 7? test : Category Round & Yeliow Wind yellow wre & green Med & greenjo onensss OFT on sl ra ard deviation of the sampi tandard iple follows chi-square 4 5 ae ate Vahie Gb : ne (ae the calcul © of %* with the tal wilt ( - paris Significance We may accept or reject PREM Rae (n= 1) df ie noted that this test can be applied only if the population is woe onto in kg. of 10 students are giver ‘ io ml ie weights ed 4.8 i mn below : iat 2, 45 5 ar variance ofthe dstbution of Weights of al studers fom wich the above ) 32 jens was drawn is equal to 20 square kg. ? You are given the con ¥20 3 pl? Mu TS ie ui v=10-1=9 For v=9, x05 = 1692 ; The calculated value of 72 is less than the table value. The null cme thal the population variance may be 20 square K- lusaion 18. A random sample of size 25 from 8 popuetet : talon fo be 85. Test the hypothesis that the popuiaion SI Stiton. We set the null hypothesis Ho that the population ives the de 9210 Weare given n=25, 5 =8.5 We know that ¢= as? 0 o