Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A schedule
Allocates resources to accomplish the activities within a timeframe.
It sets
sets priorities
start times
and finish times
Project management
Project management is “the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and
techniques to project activities in order to meet project requirements” (PMI*,
Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide), 2004)
Is The adept (Proficient, Skilled, Clever) use of techniques and skills both (hard
and soft) in planning and controlling tasks and resources needed for the
project, from both inside and outside of organization, to achieve the results.
Project management
Is the planning and control of events that together/comprise the project.
Project management aims to ensure the effective use of resources and
delivery of the project objectives on time and within cost constraints
The purpose of project management is to achieve successful project completion
with the resources available.
There are three main points that are most important to a successful project:
12. The project manager must define the project, reduce the project to a set of
manageable tasks, obtain appropriate and necessary resources, and build a team
or
teams to perform the project work
13. The project manager must set the final goal for the project and must motivate
his
Workers to complete the project on time.
There are many things that can go wrong with project management. These are
commonly referred as the barriers to a project
All projects are carried out under certain constraints – traditionally, they are cost,
time and scope. These three factors (commonly called 'the triple constraint') are
represented as a triangle (see Figure 1). Each constraint forms the vertices, with
quality as the central theme:
Th
e Triple Constraint
1. Cost: This is the estimation of the amount of money that will be required to
complete the project. Cost itself encompasses various things, such as: resources,
labor rates for contractors, risk estimates, bills of materials, et cetera. All aspects
of the project that have a monetary component are made part of the overall cost
structure.
All projects have a finite budget; the customer is willing to spend a certain
amount of money for delivery of a new product or service. If you reduce the
project's cost, you will either have to reduce its scope or increase its time.
3. Scope: Many projects fail on this constraint because the scope of the project is
either not fully defined or understood from the start. When you increase a
project's scope, you will either have to increase its cost or time.
It is the project manager’s duty to balance these three often competing goals
Projects can be of any size and duration. They can be simple, like planning a party,
or
Complex like launching a space shuttle.
Knowledge, skills, goals and personalities are all factors that need to be
considered within
project management. The project manager and his/her team should collectively
possess the
necessary and requisite interpersonal and technical skills to facilitate control over
the various
activities within the project. The stages of implementation must be articulated at
the project
planning phase. Disaggregating the stages at its early point assists in the
successful
development of the project by providing a number of milestones that need to be
accomplished
for completion. In addition to planning, the control of the evolving project is also
prerequisite
to success. Control requires adequate monitoring and feedback mechanisms by
which senior and project managers can compare progress against initial
projections at each stage of the project.
Monitoring and feedback also enables the project manager to anticipate
problems
(e.g.: the knock-on effects of late start or finish times) and therefore take pre-
emptive
corrective measures for the benefit of the project overall. Projects normally
involve the
introduction of a new system of some kind and, in almost all cases, new methods
and ways of doing things. These impacts upon the work of others: the "users".
User consultation is an
important factor in the success of projects and, indeed, the degree of user
involvement can
influence the extent of support for the project or its implementation plan. An
essential quality of the project manager is that of being a good communicator,
not just within the project team itself, but with the rest of the organization and
outside bodies as well (the users May be internal or external).
GOAL
Project goal are the statements that describe what the project will accomplish, or
the business value the project will achieve.
According to the New Comprehensive International Dictionary of the English
Language a
Goal is a point toward which effort or movement is directed.
OR
The objective point that one is striving to reach
Specific
Well defined
They are clear to anyone that has a basic knowledge of the project
Measurable
Have some means to be able to know if the goal is obtainable or how far away
Completion is.
Agreed upon
Have agreement between the users and the project team on what goals should be
Realistic
Looking at the resources, knowledge, and time available can the goal be
accomplished
Times-Framed
How much time is needed to accomplish the goal
Having too much time can affect the project performance
Project Life Cycle
In Contemporary Systems Analysis, 5th Edition published by Business and
Educational
Technologies, Marvin Gore and John Stubbe wrote that the Project Life Cycle
includes the
Following Phases and activities:
A. Study Phase
User Need
Initial Investigation
User Review
System Performance Design
Candidate Review
Study Phase Report
B. Design Phase