 Political Science related with “Politics” which

derived from the Greek Word “Polis”

 Means a City-State
 The general form of Political organization in
ancient Greece.
 The Sophists (the wondering teachers of
wisdom) particularly Protagoras and Gorgias
in Athens were the first to deal with this mode
of thought and expound a political theory.
 Socrates, Plato and Aristotle continued to
conduct the scientific study of the various
problems concerning the state and the
Government.
 Aristotle is regarded as the father of the

science of politics in the west.

 “Man is by nature a political animal and he,
who by nature and not by mere accident is
without state is either above humanity or below
it”
 “He who is unable to live in society or who has

no need because he is sufficient for himself,

must be either a beast or god”
◼ Famous book “Politics” by Aristotle.
 Human life is not safe and secure.
 The advantages of living in the state are
obvious to every person
 “Nonetheless, though human beings must and
do live in political systems and share the
benefit of political life.
 A man may take more or less participation but
it is certain that the destiny of man is linked
with the state and government.
What and Why political science
 Political science is a scientific study of the state
and the government.
 Political science is the part of social science
which treats of the foundations of the state and
principles of Government.
 Paul Janet
Concept of politics
 Polis or city state and Politeia
 In the Greek view, politics embraces
everything that touches the life of the state.
 It is the equivalent of political science

 Earlier generation writers like Jellinek,

Holtzendorff and Sidgwick prefer the term
politics to political science.
 The art of controlling a party and securing the
nomination and election or the appointment of
particular parsons to office, OR
 to the art of government, the art of directing
or guiding the policy of the government
towards a particular goal.
From the particular point of view
 Politics is sometimes defined as the technique
of compromise.
 Politics is the game of the second best.

 Bismark defined Politics as ‘the art of the

possible’.
 Sir Ernest Benn, defines politics as the art of
looking for trouble, finding it whether it exists
or not, diagnosing it wrongly and Appling the
wrong remedy.