Title: The Challenges of Crafting a BMJ Research Paper of the Year 2014 Thesis

Crafting a BMJ Research Paper of the Year 2014 thesis is no small feat. It requires extensive research,
critical analysis, and meticulous attention to detail. For many students and researchers, this task can
be overwhelming and daunting. However, with the right support and guidance, it is achievable.

One of the most significant challenges in writing a BMJ Research Paper of the Year 2014 thesis is
the sheer volume of information available. The field of medicine is constantly evolving, with new
studies, findings, and methodologies emerging regularly. As such, staying up-to-date with the latest
research and integrating it into your thesis can be a daunting task.

Additionally, the rigor and precision required in academic writing can pose challenges for even the
most seasoned researchers. From formulating a clear research question to conducting comprehensive
literature reviews and presenting findings in a coherent manner, every step of the process demands
careful attention and expertise.

Moreover, time constraints often add to the difficulty of writing a BMJ Research Paper of the Year
2014 thesis. Balancing academic responsibilities with other commitments can be challenging, leaving
little time for in-depth research and writing.

Fortunately, there is a solution for those facing these challenges. ⇒ BuyPapers.club ⇔ offers
professional writing assistance tailored to the specific needs of medical students and researchers.
With a team of experienced writers who specialize in the field of medicine, ⇒ BuyPapers.club ⇔
can provide the support and guidance needed to craft a high-quality BMJ Research Paper of the Year
2014 thesis.

By outsourcing the writing process to ⇒ BuyPapers.club ⇔, students and researchers can alleviate
the stress and pressure associated with thesis writing. From conducting thorough research to ensuring
adherence to academic standards, ⇒ BuyPapers.club ⇔'s team of experts is dedicated to delivering
top-notch results.

In conclusion, writing a BMJ Research Paper of the Year 2014 thesis is a challenging endeavor that
requires expertise, dedication, and time. For those in need of assistance, ⇒ BuyPapers.club ⇔
offers a reliable solution. With their professional writing services, students and researchers can
confidently tackle this monumental task and achieve academic success.
So there is a possibility of conflating our aims (e.g., to estimate the causal effect of X on Y ) and
methods (e.g., the use of a statistical test to examine the association—a relationship—between X
and Y ) (Hernan 2018 ). These might be the goals that motivate you to come to work every day, but
they do not describe the work you propose to complete as part of a specific project. And,
increasingly, authors are conducting this informal peer review using electronic preprints ( eprints ),
often by posting the articles on websites and repositories. Let’s say you recruit a sample of 100
people who suffer from the same disorder and conduct a trial to estimate the effect of a new drug on
some clinical outcome. PAR is likely to be a function of time because both the prevalence of a risk
factor and its effect on exposed individuals may change over time, as may the underlying risk of
disease. We also conduct collaborative research projects with researchers in international institutions
and offer a PhD program on the responsible conduct of publishing scientific research. We hope this
step by step guidance on PMAs will improve the understanding of PMAs in the research community
and enable more researchers to conduct successful PMAs. While such a question is challenging to
generate evidence for, and so an absence of evidence does not suggest that the hypothesis is
incorrect, an instrumental variable analysis using sufficient data could provide definitive evidence.
Papers published in The BMJ receive an Altmetric score that is displayed on the article's page. Its
symptoms mimic other illnesses, are varied and complex, and can strike any tissue or organ in the
body. In qualitative research, we make observations about the world and use these observations to
describe why or how the world appears to operate the way it does. Results: After reviewing 539
articles, 2 studies were included. We have found that prolonged negotiation over rejected papers are
usually unsatisfactory for both authors and editors, so we no longer engage in this. You can’t falsify
a hypothesis that you create after looking at the data. Objective: To conduct the first systematic
review of studies reporting on the validity of diagnostic codes for identifying MI in administrative
data. Results: We have developed the full SD model, for two key applications. Then come two
specific aims with supporting details, followed by a short payoff paragraph that tells people why it
makes sense to fund this proposal. We conducted a systematic review evaluating the diagnostic
accuracy of administrative data for the detection of HAI. States and other federal agencies and
organizations using the NCHS lists should incorporate these changes as soon as possible. Fortin,
Louis Bessette, Claire Bombardier, Jessica Widdifield, John G. A common problem with
retrospective meta-analyses is that interventions are administered slightly differently across studies,
or to different populations, and outcome collection, measurement, or reporting can differ. Endorsed
by the Canadian Medical Association, the recently released book, Lupus, The Disease with a
Thousand Faces is a very important resource for people living with lupus, especially due to a limited
availability of Canadian information about the disease. As you’ll learn in Chapter 13, there is some
error involved in speaking with some but not all women in Nepal, and the researchers estimated that
the true percentage probably ranged from 41.0% to 45.3%. 1 1 I’m being a bit fast and loose with
the interpretation of this confidence (or uncertainty) interval, but I’ll make up for it later. We want to
make up our own minds on the degree of overlap. A revised tool for assessing risk of bias in
randomized trials. Hanly, Debbie Feldman, Walter Maksymowych, Christine Peschken, Cheryl
Barnabe, Steve Edworthy, Sasha Bernatsky and CAN-AIM. PMAs increase the statistical power to
detect effects of treatment and enable harmonised collection of core outcomes, while allowing
enough variation to obtain greater generalisability of findings. Figure 5.11: Example Introduction
section published in BMJ Global Health. Lupus Canada worked in partnership with publisher, Key
Porter Books, Dr. Jean-Luc Senecal and Dr. Sasha Bernatsky to fulfill the need for a widely
available, up to date guide for those diagnosed with lupus, their caregivers, friends and families.
Figure 5.12: Example Introduction section published in American Economic Review.
Science advances as theories are subjected to tests in which we make specific, falsifiable predictions
based on these theories. Conclusion: Administrative databases are a key source for estimating the
burden and epidemiological trends of chronic diseases such as OA in Canada. Pradhan et al. ( 2019 )
looked at the path not taken for counseling women on the benefits of having an intra-uterine device
(IUD) inserted following childbirth to prevent a new pregnancy. Methods: Embase and MEDLINE
were searched for published articles with International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coded data
used to define sepsis. Furthermore, the reporting and quality of PMAs needs to be improved.
Objective: To conduct the first systematic review of studies reporting on the validity of diagnostic
codes for identifying MI in administrative data. To make this point and demonstrate the lifecycle of
a research question, I will walk you through an example from Dr. Wendy O’Meara’s research group
on subsidies for malaria testing and treatment. Publishers’ and journals’ instructions to authors on
use of generative artificial intelligence in academic and scientific publishing: bibliometric analysis 3.
In the base case, incident cases were captured for patients with an OA diagnostic code for at least
two physician visits within two years or any hospital admission. Fig 1 Number of prospective meta-
analyses (PMAs) over time. The development of a standardised set of reporting guidelines and PMA
specific evidence rating tools is highly desirable PMAs can help to reduce research waste and bias,
and they are adaptive, efficient, and collaborative Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the best
available evidence are widely used to inform healthcare policy and practice. 1 2 Yet the retrospective
nature of traditional systematic reviews and meta-analyses can be problematic. We’ll discuss the role
of theory in global health in the following chapter, so for now let it suffice to say that theories can be
a good source of hypotheses. This puts women at risk of getting pregnant again before they want to.
The PMA protocol was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov in 2010 ( NCT01124331 ) because
PROSPERO had not yet been launched. In contrast, some PMAs identify studies for inclusion when
data collection has already finished but no analyses related to the PMA research question have been
conducted (outside of data safety monitoring committees). Administrative health data are an ideal
resource for chronic disease surveillance because they are population-based and routinely collected.
Methods: This study was conducted using a coronary catheterization registry and an administrative
database (Discharge Abstract Database (DAD)). Mixed-effects logistic regression models tested
resident and facility characteristics associated with disagreement. For studies where data safety
monitoring committees are appropriate, it might be sensible for the committees to communicate and
plan joint interim analyses to take account of all the available evidence when making
recommendations to continue or stop a study. An observational PMA includes observational studies.
Allocation of subsidy dollars between testing and treatment for test- positive individuals may present
a better use of programmatic resources than unconditional private sector subsidies. In the RAI-MDS
data, prevalence of anti-psychotics was 35.7%, while for anti-depressants it was 37.9% and for
hypnotics it was 27.1%. Prevalence was similar in prescription drug data for anti-psychotics and anti-
depressants, but lower for hypnotics (18.0%). Cohen’s ? ranged from 0.39 to 0.85 and was highest
for the first two medication classes. They need, but rarely find in journal instructions, clear answers
to questions like: Why do medical journals reject clinical trials that were not preregistered. We hope
this step by step guidance on PMAs will improve the understanding of PMAs in the research
community and enable more researchers to conduct successful PMAs. As we expected, modern
method use is more common among older women. Periodically, NCHS Instruction Manuals are
updated in order to correct errors and to reflect needed modifications dictated by changes in medical
science, statistical practice and processing technology. To make editorial decisions for research
articles we focus mainly on the research question: even when the overall subject is relevant, topical,
and important we may reject the article because the study didn’t ask a research question that added
enough. First, it can help identify flow, resource use and cost variations in current practice, which
may benefit from further exploration. The next step is to take a broad research problem and narrow
your focus to a more specific research question and develop study aims and (potentially) hypotheses.
Conclusions: Hospitalization data has higher validity and hence can be used to identify MI, but the
accuracy of MI as a cause-of-death on death certificates is suboptimal, and more studies are needed
on the validity of ICD-10 codes.
Results Among people with a physician diagnosis of arthritis, 37% reported osteoarthritis. In this
line of research, it is common to ask about the previous night, as in the night before the survey. This
is where the O’Meara lab registered their study for Aim 2 ( NCT02461628 ). One model is to offer
authorship to each member of the secretariat, and one investigator from each included study, for the
main PMA publication, assuming they fulfil the authorship criteria of the International Committee of
Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). These might be the goals that motivate you to come to work every
day, but they do not describe the work you propose to complete as part of a specific project. The
large heterogeneity in study designs across the included studies precluded formal calculation of
summary diagnostic accuracy estimates in most instances. For now, I’ll simply describe it as the path
not taken. For health conditions with common core outcome sets, PMA collaborators should include
the core outcomes, and also consider collecting other common outcomes that are particularly relevant
for the specific research question posed. This means that accepted research and analysis papers will
usually have their prepublication history posted alongside them on bmj.com (read more in this
editorial ). The reporting of PMAs would be greatly helped by the development of a standardised set
of reporting guidelines to which PMA authors can adhere. Let’s use the paper they published on this
Aim 1 work to examine how research problems, questions, and hypotheses come together in the
Introduction of a scientific manuscript. Once published, articles are then selected for a subsequent
print issue. However, personal identifiers that uniquely identify individuals are not always available.
The abstracts of the relevant perinatal meetings (including the Neonatal Register and the Society for
Paediatric Research) were searched using the keywords “oxygen saturation”. In this review, we
discuss past and present wisdom on misclassification and what measures should be taken to quantify
this influential bias, with a focus on bias in pharmacoepidemiologic studies. Where a response was
encouraging, a technical description of the data of interest was submitted. Primary care informatics is
emerging as an academic discipline for the scientific study of how to harness these data. We know
that receiving a rejection can be disheartening. The objective of our study was to assess the validity
of obesity coding in an administrative database and compare the association between obesity and
outcomes in an administrative database versus registry. Administrative health data are an ideal
resource for chronic disease surveillance because they are population-based and routinely collected.
The ability to take advantage of existing data, such as administrative databases, to study obesity is
appealing. MI as a cause-of-death on death certificates also demonstrated lower accuracy, with
maximum PPV of 60% (for definite MI). Detection of these errors usually involves manual
verification, which can be resource intensive and impractical. ALS, SC, and KEH performed the
searches for a scoping review that was conducted in preparation for this article, reviewing all
prospective meta-analyses and methods papers on prospective meta-analyses in health research to
date. This update represents the fourth to the lists that are used by NCHS to present mortality data
and include the addition of ICD-10 codes for Terrorism Deaths for data year 2001 and WHO
updates to ICD-10 for data year 2003. The majority of subjects who were “false-positive” for a
given rheumatic disease on administrative data had a true diagnosis of a similar rheumatic disease.
The initial time intensive planning and harmonisation phase is followed by a waiting period when all
the individual studies are completed before their data are made available and synthesised. Moher D,
Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, PRISMA Group. It will be easier for us to decide what to do if
you send a very detailed letter. Our research projects usually originate from within The BMJ, but our
work has a wider focus: nearly all of the issues we research have relevance for journal editors,
authors, peer reviewers and publishers working across biomedical science.
Why shouldn’t the professor’s name be on the paper. Insufficient previous evidence —evidence was
mainly observational, with no recent, high quality randomised controlled trials available. Received
September 29, 2013; Accepted February 20, 2014; Published March 28, 2014 Citation: McCormick
N, Lacaille D, Bhole V, Avina-Zubieta JA (2014) Validity of Myocardial Infarction Diagnoses in
Administrative Databases: A Systematic Review. Resource planning to meet this increasing need
requires estimates of the anticipated number of OA patients. Articles reporting original research done
at the BMJ are independently peer reviewed. The usual reasons for rejection at this stage are
insufficient originality, the absence of a message that is important to a general medical audience, or
the fact that the topic falls outside the purview of the journal. The most common ICD-9 codes were
038.x, 790.7 and 995.92, and the most common ICD-10 codes were A40.x and A41.x. The PPV was
reported in ten studies and ranged from 5.6% to 100%, with a median of 50%. The variation in
populations also enables subgroup analyses, evaluating if differences in populations between and
within the studies leads to differences in treatment effects. The next step is to turn your research
question into a study proposal anchored in a few specific aims that represent the work products you
will complete within a given project period. Aims are the work products you will complete within a
given project period. “Prevent malaria” is not an aim. “Cure cancer” is not an aim. Although no
difference was found in the composite primary outcome of death or major disability, a statistically
significant reduction in the secondary outcome of death alone was found for the higher oxygen
target range, but no change in major disability. We also conduct collaborative research projects with
researchers in international institutions and offer a PhD program on the responsible conduct of
publishing scientific research. We used alternative Cox regression models with time-dependent
variables measuring the cumulative effects of past use during different time windows (one model
focussing on the first year after cohort entry) for methotrexate (MTX), and other DMARDs.
Administrative health data are an ideal resource for chronic disease surveillance because they are
population-based and routinely collected. As our press team can only prepare a handful of press
releases every year, you can organise your own press release if your article is not selected. Give
yourself a pat on the back. Go ahead. No one is watching. via GIPHY. I’ll introduce you to this topic
of causal inference in more detail in Chapter 8, but let’s consider for a moment the nature of a causal
question. They need, but rarely find in journal instructions, clear answers to questions like: Why do
medical journals reject clinical trials that were not preregistered. The sum of individual level
probabilities provided the estimated number of cases in each area. The Cochrane PMA Methods
Group can offer advice for researchers planning to undertake PMAs. So we have to create a situation
where we can ask, “What would have happened if this person had gone down the old drug path
instead?” This alternate path is known as the counterfactual, and we’ll discuss it much more depth as
we go. Hence additional approaches to identifying planned and ongoing studies should be pursued,
including searching bibliographic databases for conference abstracts, study protocols, and cohort
descriptions, and approaching relevant stakeholders. Medication use was obtained from pharmacy
databases. These data are based on a systematic search of the literature (see appendix 1 for
methodology) Download figure. Our aim is to provide up to date guidance on the key principles,
rationale, methods, and challenges for each step, to enable more researchers to understand and use
this methodology successfully. Diagnosis of a mood disorder and facility affiliation was associated
with disagreement for hypnotics. This mechanism is good for pilot or feasibility studies. A revised
tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials. For example, The BMJ does not consider posting
of protocols or results in clinical trials registries to be prior publication. Face to face meetings were
crucial in resolving major disagreements within the NeOProM Collaboration.
Although these discussions can be demanding and time consuming, robust discussion among experts
can lead to well considered and high quality publications that can directly inform policy and
practice. The journal's website, bmj.com has 2,700,000 views per month, and papers published in The
BMJ in 2016 had over 150 media mentions across eleven key media outlets across the world.
Subjects who had been seen by an arthritis center rheumatologist were identified, and the medical
records reviewed. Results. We found that 844 Nova Scotia residents had a diagnosis of one of the
rheumatic diseases of interest, based on administrative data, and had had ? 1 rheumatology
assessment at a provincial arthritis center. At the end of every accepted editorial, research article,
clinical review, practice article, analysis article, feature, and head to head article The BMJ will add a
statement explaining the article's provenance. Provenance and peer review: Commissioned; not
externally peer reviewed. A total of eight (8) tabulation lists are described. Roughly two thirds of all
submissions are rejected without sending them for external peer review. Objective: To conduct the
first systematic review of studies reporting on the validity of diagnostic codes for identifying MI in
administrative data. Discussions about methodology and interpretation of the results among all
collaborators can sometimes be difficult to navigate, particularly if the results from the combination
of the studies contradict the results of some of the individual studies. NOTE: We only request your
email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to
see it, and that it is not junk mail. Furthermore, the reporting and quality of PMAs needs to be
improved. Case study The NeOProM PMA addressed the research question, does targeting a lower
oxygen saturation range in extremely preterm infants, from birth or soon after, increase or decrease
the composite outcome of death or major disability in survivors by 4% or more. The result from
Nepal suggests that more than half of married women of reproductive age were not using a modern
method of contraception in 2010. Although the model presented is specific to the osteoarthritis care
system in the Province of Alberta, Canada, similar methods could be applied to develop simulations
relating to other chronic conditions. They designed and conducted a stratified cluster-randomised
controlled trial in Western Kenya with 32 communities assigned to get usual care or free malaria
testing and a partially subsidized voucher to purchase ACTs if testing positive. The trials completed
enrolment and follow-up between 2005 and 2014 and recruited a total of 4965 preterm infants born
before 28 weeks’ gestation. Higgins J, Green S Higgins J, Altman D, Sterne J. BMC Bioinformatics
2014, 15:185 Published: 12 June 2014. Our objective was to estimate health services costs in a large,
unselected, population- based sample of patients with inflammatory myopathies. Methods.We
identified subjects with polymyositis and dermatomyositis from administrative healthcare databases
(covering all beneficiaries, about 7.5 million) in Quebec province, Canada. Its symptoms mimic other
illnesses, are varied and complex, and can strike any tissue or organ in the body. Figure 2 shows a
summary of the steps needed to perform a PMA. We assessed the association between RA drug use
and joint replacement in Quebec, Canada. Despite an increase in the number of health research
articles labelled as PMAs, the methodology remains rare, novel, and often misunderstood. Refusal to
collaborate is less likely in a PMA than in a retrospective individual participant data meta-analysis as
reaching agreement to share data is easier if studies are in their planning phases and can still be
amended and harmonised after internal discussions. For 2019 submissions, the median time for
papers to be rejected without review for research, analysis and education papers was 3, 14 and 45
days, respectively. Stratified prevalence estimates suggested similar demographic trends across
provinces (i.e. greater prevalence in females-versus-males, and in persons of older age). Prospective
registration trends, reasons for retrospective registration and mechanisms to increase prospective
registration compliance: descriptive analysis and survey. This is a very useful thing to know if you
work for the Ministry of Health and are concerned about promoting reproductive health. Whenever
an article submitted to The BMJ overlaps by more than 10% with previously published work, or work
submitted elsewhere, we expect authors to send us copies of those articles. Think of how crushed
you would be to have a proposal sitting at the 14th percentile.
Moura, Michal Abrahamowicz, Marie-Eve Beauchamp, Diane Lacaille, Yishu Wang, Gilles Boire,
Paul R. This paper provides detailed guidance on how to address the key elements for conducting a
high quality PMA with a case study to illustrate each step. Methods: We identified cases in a linked
dataset spanning 1993 to 2010 (Population Registry, Discharge Abstract Database, Physician Claims,
Ambulatory Care Classification System and prescription drug data) using diagnostic codes and drug
identification numbers. The figure shows the predicted probabilities of modern method use by age
among currently married women. Download the O’Meara lab’s protocol (Laktabai et al. 2017 ) from
BMJ Open and notice how a study protocol, like a grant, uses future tense to describe what will be
done. No results for any of the trials were known at the time each trial agreed to be included in the
PMA. Approximately six months later, the remaining hospitals began offering the counseling
intervention, one after the other. After title and abstract screen, relevant articles were selected for
review by two independent investigators. Changing the oxygen saturation target range would be
relatively easy to implement in clinical practice. An analysis of prospective versus retrospective
registration. These discussions should aim to minimise unnecessary burden on participants and
reduce research waste by avoiding excessive data collection, while increasing the ability to answer
important research questions. Obesity was significantly associated with an increased risk of cardiac
procedure in both databases. Independently, the odds of being a SARDs case increased with PM2.5
levels, but the results were inconclusive for NO2. Diagnosis-based measures, particularly the
Elixhauser Index and the Romano adaptation of the Charlson Index, resulted in higher ability to
predict mortality outcomes. Use the toolbar on the side of your online article to set up alerts when: A
response is published Your article is cited A correction is posted. Give yourself a pat on the back. Go
ahead. No one is watching. via GIPHY. Nevertheless, it is helpful to erect some boundaries to
introduce these concepts and let you decide if they are useful as you gain more expertise.
Conclusions As Canada moves towards a life-cycle management approach to drug regulation, more
post-marketing studies will be required, potentially using administrative data. In: Cochrane
Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). Shiff NJ(1),
Lix LM, Joseph L, Duffy C, Tucker LB, Svenson LW, Belisle P, Bernatsky S. The trials completed
enrolment and follow-up between 2005 and 2014 and recruited a total of 4965 preterm infants born
before 28 weeks’ gestation. We know that receiving a rejection can be disheartening. Methods:
MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched (inception to November 2010) for studies: (a) Using
administrative data to identify MI; or (b) Evaluating the validity of MI codes in administrative data;
and (c) Reporting validation statistics (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV),
negative predictive value, or Kappa scores) for MI, or data sufficient for their calculation. To assure
independent data analysis, some PMAs appoint an independent data manager and statistician who
have not been involved in any of the studies. Think of how crushed you would be to have a proposal
sitting at the 14th percentile. Aims are the work products you will complete within a given project
period. “Prevent malaria” is not an aim. “Cure cancer” is not an aim. The BMJ follows guidelines on
editorial independence produced by the World Association of Medical Editors and the code on good
publication practice produced by the Committee on Publication Ethics, the recommendations of the
International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, and checklists and advice for good research
reporting of the EQUATOR network. However, the evidence to support this assertion is unclear.
Make your reviewer’s job easy by drafting a tight 1-pager following some conventions. One of the
best ways to strengthen your pitch is to develop a short concept note.
By identifying a frequent manifestation of birthdate errors, this paper presents a principled and
statistically driven procedure to identify erroneous patient birthdates. But here’s the thing: scientists
sometimes Hypothesize After the Results are Known. Conclusions: Hospitalization data has higher
validity and hence can be used to identify MI, but the accuracy of MI as a cause-of-death on death
certificates is suboptimal, and more studies are needed on the validity of ICD-10 codes. RECORD
was created as an extension to the STROBE statement to address reporting items specific to
observational studies using routinely collected health data. Please send research articles for fast track
submission through. We want to make up our own minds on the degree of overlap. Precisely when
women become fertile after childbirth varies and is influenced by factors like breastfeeding, but in
most cases ovulation returns before family planning is started. In: Higgins JPT, Green S (eds),
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011).
The development of a standardised set of reporting guidelines and PMA specific evidence rating
tools is highly desirable PMAs can help to reduce research waste and bias, and they are adaptive,
efficient, and collaborative Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the best available evidence are
widely used to inform healthcare policy and practice. 1 2 Yet the retrospective nature of traditional
systematic reviews and meta-analyses can be problematic. Together, their circulation totals about 122
000 copies and all are mailed in a recyclable wrapper. Once you know what type of question you
want to ask, a mnemonic like PICO or FINER can guide how you construct the question. NOTE: We
only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you
wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. And this trial not only shows a lack of benefit
from the early detection of diabetes, but also casts grave doubt on the doctrine of a “legacy effect”
from early tight control, as claimed by the UKPDS investigators.’. To address this need, we worked
with health administrators, clinicians and researchers to create and validate a decision-support tool
that service planners can use to achieve a sustainable, integrated care system for hip and knee
osteoarthritis (OA). Subjects who had been seen by an arthritis center rheumatologist were
identified, and the medical records reviewed. Results. We found that 844 Nova Scotia residents had
a diagnosis of one of the rheumatic diseases of interest, based on administrative data, and had had ?
1 rheumatology assessment at a provincial arthritis center. If hospitals and policymakers choose to
rely on administrative data for HAI surveillance, continued improvements to existing algorithms and
their robust validation are imperative. The result from Nepal suggests that more than half of married
women of reproductive age were not using a modern method of contraception in 2010. That’s called
exploratory analysis, and if you label it as such everyone is happy. Results: During follow-up, 608
joint replacements occurred among 11,333 patients (median follow-up: 4.6 years). The best-fitting
model relied on the cumulative early use (within the first year after cohort entry) of MTX and of
other DMARDs, with an interaction between MTX and other DMARDs. Case study The NeOProM
PMA addressed the research question, does targeting a lower oxygen saturation range in extremely
preterm infants, from birth or soon after, increase or decrease the composite outcome of death or
major disability in survivors by 4% or more. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the
person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not
junk mail. A statistics editor, your paper's handling editor, and four to seven research editors will read
your article and discuss its importance, originality, and scientific quality. These differences make it
difficult, and sometimes impossible, to synthesise results that are directly relevant to the study
outcomes, interventions, and populations. I’ll share two mneumonics to help you get specific:
FINER and PICO. The other free administrative database had test types but no test results. This
mechanism is good for pilot or feasibility studies. Research to Publication covers—in six courses
with 48 modules lasting more than 200 hours—everything from developing good research questions
and the best and most ethical study designs (given local circumstances), through to reporting studies
accurately and understanding what editors and peer reviewers are really looking for. Costs increased
with age, and were highest early in the disease course. Conclusion PMAs have many advantages, and
mandating trial registration, development of core outcome sets, and improved data sharing abilities
have increased opportunities for conducting PMAs. Examples of good reporting for each RECORD
checklist item are also included herein.