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A rise in interest of tourists both to distant cultures and to the local heritage occurred through the
increase of educated people around the world and the globalization. Motivatio n that puts tourist to
select da rk tourism 1. They attempt to narrate the tales of human suffering and abuse of human
rights. (Walsh, 1992). We determined a dramatic shift in the microbial community just a few meters
downstream of the sources of the hot spring (15-20 meters), with a change from sulfur related
chemoautotrophic (e.g. Sulfurihydrogenibium and an OTU closely related to Thermodesulfovibrio)
to chemoheterotrophic prokaryotes (e.g. Meiothermus, Nitrososphaera, Thermoflexus, Thermus).
Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF The Concept of Dark Tourism, Visitors’ Motivation and
the Entailed Dissonance in Sites Representation Eleni Mavragani 2022, Enlightening Tourism: A
Pathmaking Journal Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Frew, E. Furthermore, graduate
students who live with their parents have higher GPAs than those living in dormitories, although
there is no significant difference in grades. PURCHASE OPTIONS This product is a market research
report. On the other hand, the question of the passivity of the local community (or Lithuanian society
itself) in tourism development remains open. However, the area of cooperation does not anticipate
inclusion of communities, i.e., in order to achieve sustainable development of the tourism sector, it is
essential to strengthen the cooperation culture among different interested parties such as political
influencers, institutions, municipalities, business and associated business structures ( Sharpley 2013 ).
Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides
an outlook for. According to our earlier definition by Stone and the above review that we have done,
we are left with some questions that are hard to define in their present context. In many cases, the
dark tourist sites are tied to the national identity, which may give the visitor a feeling of triumph that
they had survived the event or it might give the sense of pilgrimage making the site important to the
tourist. Lives, assets and the economic flow in the countries affected were affected. Sustainable
tourism development model according to Sharpley. Many of these places are entertainment and
commercial type, they do not always represent accurate past events and focus on attracting visitors
Graves Visiting graves of people related to cruel historical events during which they suffered or lost
their lives. Currently, the building is used by a public institution that carries out excursions and
organises art events ( Figure 16 B). Therefore, in order to alleviate any structural insufficiencies in
dark tourism as a rational body of information, suggestions to intellectuals need to contravene
customary punitive borders and concerns, and to accept post-disciplinary investigate approaches that
are characterized by improved rationality, elasticity and comprehensiveness. In order to be human-
readable, please install an RSS reader. As it can be seen from the model, the dark tourism
management model includes the community in between heritage institutions and businesses. For
example the development of cultural tourism has been shown to be due to the increased interaction
of people which has increased their knowledge of culture of other communities. As it was mentioned
before, dark tourism, as a type of tourism, is a complex, ambiguous and controversial topic that has
been the subject of much debate and criticism. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster
and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Therefore, the deeper and
more active involvement of the local community is essential for the more sustainable development of
dark tourism, both locally and globally. Motivations for visiting such sites include education, self-
understanding, cultural awareness and commemoration of victims. Main challenges are providing
authentic experiences for travelers, managing over-tourism and careful integration of technology at
dark attractions. But as we said before these sites have to be there in order to remind the world of
what happened in the past and in order to avoid it from happening again. (Stone, 2005b). We
obtained a kinetic profile for contrast enhancement, as the literature data on optimal imaging time
points is scarce, and assessed the longer-term kinetics. Although current ITG research is largely
focused on hard governance (structure, processes), soft governance (behavior, collaboration) is
equally important and might be crucial to close the gap. He published numerous articles and book
chapters on tourism and political (in)stability, occupation, tourism and war, dark tourism, violence,
and transformational tourism. It is one of the oldest institutions of imprisonment in Lithuania. This is
a must-read book which starts a new discussion not only on dark tourism issues but on the role of
death in modern society.
The conception of sustainable tourism development encompasses the main principles of sustainable
tourism development, but their practical application is much more complex. The Palgrave Handbook
of Dark Tourism Studies will appeal to students and scholars with an interest in aspects of
memorialisation and morality in sociology, death studies, history, geography, cultural studies,
philosophy, psychology, business management, museology and heritage tourism studies, politics,
religious studies, and anthropology. The dark sites give the tourist a taste of the past Czech political
life. Death, atrocities, and disasters in form of tourist attraction are becoming pervasive features in
the tourism landscape. Embarking on Pakistan's journey, uncover the intricate link between religious
and judicial systems, shaping society. Tourism helps in delivering the much-needed infrastructure and
services, therefore, encouraging further development. Light, Duncan. 2017. Progress in dark tourism
and thanatourism research: An uneasy relationship with heritage tourism. From the traditional form
of holiday tourism or leisure tourism which has been the main activity taking place in this sector,
there has been development of other forms of tourism activities like business tourism, education
tourism, medical tourism, and many other. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and
more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. This is political symbolism of the
countries past, which give the people a good lesson of the past political arena. Source: Jureniene and
Radzevicius ( 2014 ), Models of Cultural Heritage, Transformations in Business and Economics, Vol.
13, No 2 (32), p. 244. Authors suppose that waste-based composite material could be applied for
certain agricultural constructions, and namely, for boundary construction of farm animal feed lines
and storage facilities for organic wastes and minerals. This research was conducted in one of the
capital areas of Semarang regency, namely Ungaran. In vivo T(1)-weighted MRI plaque enhancement
characteristics were complemented by fluorescence microscopy of NIR(664) incorporated in the
contrast agents and quantification of tissue and blood Gd-DTPA. This statement could probably be
applied in another direction, as well: despite the relatively broad interest in the topic of dark tourism
among scholars, local communities still have a lack of information about dark heritage with the clear
focus on community needs. However they serve an important function in education and also as a
reminder to the coming generation of what happened in the past. According to Sharpley’s sustainable
tourism development model, it is necessary to carry out tourist flows and impact assessment.
According to Svetikiene ( 2002 ), resources of tourism localities consist of natural resources, cultural
resources, and social, economic and management purpose objects. In 2020, the tourism market
developed only based on local tourism resources. Such elements of sustainable development as slow
culture, ecology, aim to reduce CO 2 emissions and consumption, engagement of communities and
NGOs, sharing economy principles, decrease of negative impact of tourism on residents, etc. The
anticipated cultural heritage management model will not change. Korstanje See Full PDF Download
PDF Free Related PDFs CRACIUNESCU, Ana: Is rebuilding a nation’s international image a
question of discourse. If you would like to replace it with a different purchasing option please
remove the current eBook option from your cart. Here, two groups of dark tourism can be
distinguished: partisan death places and their graves, and places of resistance, i.e., partisan dugouts (
Figure 14 A,B). This death and disaster consumption culture could have emerged only in the
contemporary society ( Lennon 2005; Foley and Lennon 2000 ). This is an enterprise license,
allowing all employees within your organization access to the product. As a result, the study
appraises the effects commodification has on the visitor experience at sites of dark tourism.
Increasingly, the development of world tourism is a function of complex factors that combine to
generate a dynamic process that must be understood in a local context and should recognize the
factors affecting change. The visible part of the iceberg encompasses behaviour, traditions, customs,
and the part that cannot be seen consists of attitudes, opinions, thinking models, and values (
Samovar et al. 2013 ). Despite these (and many other) attempts to define culture, we often doubt
whether it is important in the context of cultural tourism how culture is understood. The development
of dark tourism can be traced to many years ago although it has gained importance in the recent past
due to the economic advantage that has been linked with such an activity.
Available online:;; (accessed on 21 March 2022); ( B ) Exposition in Cold War museum (former
Soviet missile base; now—part of Samogitian National Park, Lithuania). After that, the fort was
used to store agricultural production for some time. Of late there seem to be an increase in the
number of tourist opting for Dark Tourism. House of Creation). Until 1991, the bunker was used to
carry out test radio and television broadcasts. You can download the paper by clicking the button
above. In this research, the focus is on reduction of wind turbine blade vibration. Organizaciju
vadyba: sisteminiai tyrimai, No. 29, p. 56. The museum was established in a building that had
housed Soviet security services best known as KGB for almost 50 years. The culminating task allows
kids the opportunity to research places and events that they are interested in to create travel
brochures for their own fictional travel agency. Extensive research is underway in Latvia on sites
related to tragic historical events and death, including the use of Holocaust sites in tourism. Miles (
2002 ) argues that “the present dimension of dark tourism objects also contributes to the empathy of
visitors for victims, and therefore the importance of how a product is perceived, produced, and
ultimately consumed.” More recent tragic events that can be traced back to “living “memories”
through the stories of survivors or witnesses are more memorable (according to the scale presented
by W. Previous Article in Journal Disasters and Investment: Assessing the Performance of the
Underlying Economy Following a Large-Scale Stimulus in the Built Environment. Available online:;
(accessed on 19 January 2022); ( B ) Museum of Occupations and Freedom Fights in Vilnius,
Lithuania. Written by leading academics in the area, this stimulating volume of 19 chapters will be
valuable reading for postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students in a range of discipline
areas; researchers and academics interested in dark tourism; and, other interested stakeholders
including those in the tourism industry, government bodies and community groups. In Lithuania,
exaltation of the Soviet past is treated unfavourably fearing propagation of this historical period.
Some people feel romanticism as they find themselves picturing the event with them in the battlefield
fighting for a certain cause (Tarlow, 2005). The transects are drawn perpendicular to the coastline
along the mangrove vegetation. Our customer service team will review your report and will be in
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2 reviews Not the right resource. These objects are characterized by a particularly strong ideological
and political direction, most of them are the places of mass-murder and suffering. This is a must-read
book which starts a new discussion not only on dark tourism issues but on the role of death in
modern society. In view of its pharmacological potential, we conducted a toxicogenetic study of the
fruit pulp oil of P. Available online:;; (accessed on 21 March 2022); ( B ) Exposition in Cold War
museum (former Soviet missile base; now—part of Samogitian National Park, Lithuania). Subscribe
to receive issue release notifications and newsletters from MDPI journals. Our laboratory has
synthesized a series of substituted phenoxyalkyl pyridinium oximes (Patent number: 9,227,937) that
have demonstrated increased survival rates compared to 2-PAM. In the experimental group, while
the Turkish teaching program differentiated according to the parallel curriculum program, the control
group students continued their traditional course of study with their teachers. Peculiarities of
Sustainable Cultural Development: A Case of Dark Tourism in Lithuania. In general, seeking for
novelty and adventure motivates people for any kind of travel, which is usually contrasted against
routine. Tourism helps in delivering the much-needed infrastructure and services, therefore,
encouraging further development. Basically, this study focuses on deathscapes, repressed sadism,
commercialization of grief, commoditization of death, dartainment, blackpackers, darsumers and
deathseekers capitalism. The results indicate that female undergraduate students outperform their
male counterparts in all three outcome measures.
In Lithuania, it is popular to visit graves of famous people in Vilnius Rasos cemetery and Kaunas
Petrasiunai cemetery. Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Previous
Article in Journal Disasters and Investment: Assessing the Performance of the Underlying Economy
Following a Large-Scale Stimulus in the Built Environment. Diving is dark tourism because
underwater is almost always used by spotlights, the water hides its beauty. Untuk memperbaiki
efisiensi distribusi pemasaran dapat dilakukan dengan mengurangi jumlah distributor, mengurangi
biaya distribusi dan menambah penjualan dari distributor. Available online:; (accessed on 19 January
2022); ( B ) Museum of Occupations and Freedom Fights in Vilnius, Lithuania. Dark camps of
genocide have been some of the most dark tourism sites that have been developing very fast in the
recent past. However, these aspects are not the most important and actual for ensuring the sustainable
dark tourism development in region. However, the KGB museum remained the most visited object.
Dark tourism generates income that helps government to build awareness about the horrible acts that
committed. (Ledgerwood, 1987). Why are they giving these sites so much attention now' What is
portrayed in their coverage' Some of the media coverage has given these sites and their countries
like Rwanda a negative picture in the world. In general, seeking for novelty and adventure motivates
people for any kind of travel, which is usually contrasted against routine. Another thing that emerged
from the study is the weak and slow development of links between state-owned dark tourism sites
and the private sector, and the lack of private initiatives and projects. We request your telephone
number so we can contact you in the event we have difficulty reaching you via email. Journal of
Pharmaceutical and BioTech Industry (JPBI). Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Stone, P.,
Hartmann, R., Seaton, T., Sharpley, R. and White, L. (eds.) (2018) The Palgrave Handbook of Dark
Tourism Studies. Target pasarnya sendiri Merupakan pengunjung daerah Bandung khususnya Dago.
O sangue foi coletado por puncao branquial com seringas contendo EDTA 10% e os dados do
eritrograma (Ht, Hb, RBC, VCM, HCM e CHCM) e a bioquimica do plasma, foram determinados
conforme metodologia usual. Cultural heritage management depends highly on the ability to use
historical environment and on sustainable tourism development, i.e., general initiatives and actions,
both local and regional, and their development. During World War I, the 9th fort practically did not
suffer damages. Available online:;; (accessed on 21 March 2022); ( B ) Exposition in Cold War
museum (former Soviet missile base; now—part of Samogitian National Park, Lithuania). The
development of dark tourism can be traced to many years ago although it has gained importance in
the recent past due to the economic advantage that has been linked with such an activity. As
Korstanje ( 2015 ) states, dark tourism is characterized by a strange fascination or at least curiosity
for what specialists call “death spaces”. And here is a dilemma, because it is necessary to consider
how the concept of dark tourism should be supplemented so that this conflict would not be so acute;
how to ensure that the growing interest of travellers in visiting dark tourism sites, especially the
darkest ones, does not become an obstacle to sustainable development and does not do more harm
than good to the local environment and communities. For an optimal experience, please switch to the
latest version of Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Apple Safari or Mozilla Firefox. Organizaciju
vadyba: sisteminiai tyrimai, No. 29, p. 56. The transects are drawn perpendicular to the coastline
along the mangrove vegetation. Darni turizmo pletra: konkurencingos turizmo sistemos kurimo
prielaidos. The Palgrave Handbook of Dark Tourism Studies will appeal to students and scholars
with an interest in aspects of memorialisation and morality in sociology, death studies, history,
geography, cultural studies, philosophy, psychology, business management, museology and heritage
tourism studies, politics, religious studies, and anthropology. According to Ashworth, only a small
part of heritage is created for tourists intentionally, i.e., most of the heritage appeared due to local
political or social reasons and can exist without tourism at all.
Back then, it was not seen in relation to sustainable tourism. House of Creation). Until 1991, the
bunker was used to carry out test radio and television broadcasts. The scheme of Kaunas Forts
(Lithuania) and its trail in 19th century. These have been described by stone as some of the darkest
tourism attraction following his framework. Other interested stakeholders including those in the
tourism industry, government bodies and community groups will also find this volume relevant. This
is a site license, allowing all users within a given geographical location of your organization access to
the product. Third of all, according to Sharpley ( 2009 ), one should remember the main goals of
heritage preservation, i.e., transfer of the past. This edited volume takes the dark tourism discussion
to another level by reinforcing the critical intersecting domains of dark tourism and place identity
and, in particular, highlighting the importance of understanding this connection for visitors and
destination managers. The basement of the building has an internal prison—interrogation chamber
where Lithuanians who went against the occupation government were held from the autumn of 1940
until 1987. Available online:; (accessed on 19 January 2022); ( B ) Museum of Occupations and
Freedom Fights in Vilnius, Lithuania. Extensive research is underway in Latvia on sites related to
tragic historical events and death, including the use of Holocaust sites in tourism. According to
Zaliene et al. ( 2008 ), tourism activities are not just a process that provides economic benefit, i.e.,
creates jobs, increases income into the budget. However, looking and the sub-branches, it is evident
that two of these types (war and memorial location) were sub-branches of the developing mass
tourism since the 20s, and since the 70s—a sub-branch of cultural tourism that had impact on rapidly
growing cultural and heritage tourism industries. The park was inaugurated in 2008 for the purposes
of education, commemoration, and reconciliation within the Jeju community, in which the family
and relatives of both victims and perpetrators still live. Drawing upon a multidisciplinary approach,
this thesis examines key relationships between dark tourism supplier and consumer in order to
evaluate the visitor experience. The demand of dark tourism in Lithuania is increasing. He published
numerous articles and book chapters on tourism and political (in)stability, occupation, tourism and
war, dark tourism, violence, and transformational tourism. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF
Persepsi Risiko Dan Bias Kognitif Dalam Pencegahan Penularan COVID-19 DI Jawa Barat,
Indonesia Siska Kusumah 2020, Creative Research Journal COVID-19 telah menjadi tantangan
kesehatan masyarakat global dan merupakan penyakit dengan transmisibilitas yang tinggi.
Cooperation is often understood as formal coordination or inclusion, there is a lack of openness to
different opinions, ability to coordinate them and look for the best possible solution instead of local
optimum ( Sharpley 2009 ). The museum was established in the Plokstine former missile base close
to Lake Plateliai. An index assessing heat stress in human beings, namely: Wet Bulb Globe
Temperature (WBGT) was used in this study. The Paneriai memorial ( Figure 9 A,B) is the darkest
dark tourism object in Lithuania. More than ten years after the Tsunami disaster, a Tsunami Memorial
recreation center has been established in Thailand. The culminating task allows kids the opportunity
to research places and events that they are interested in to create travel brochures for their own
fictional travel agency. Feature papers are submitted upon individual invitation or recommendation
by the scientific editors and must receive. The studies already conducted in Latvia have been
reviewed and the most relevant definitions of dark tourism and thanatourism have been identified.
Well-known locations are treated as man-made and natural creations ( The Lithuanian National
Commission for UNESCO 2006 ). But there has also been the development of dark tourism which is
one of the most recent developments in the industry. It helps to understand how those terrible things
could have happened. (Braithwaite, Yun Lok Lee, 2006) D. Organizaciju vadyba: sisteminiai tyrimai,
No. 29, p. 56.
Foram avaliadas as cultivares H9553 e H9992, em 2003, e H7155 e U2006, em 2004. Download
Free PDF View PDF Free PDF See Full PDF Download PDF Loading Preview Sorry, preview is
currently unavailable. In Thailand, the tsunami led a great loss of lives and assets. As a result, the
study appraises the effects commodification has on the visitor experience at sites of dark tourism.
Gain a detailed understanding of the key trends, issues, and challenges facing dark tourism
destinations. Edmonton: McGraw-Hill, Available online: (accessed on 7 January 2022). It is like
organized violence is being brought back to life by tour guides who give account of heroes, tragedy
and other personal experiences like torments when the actual event was happening. However there
are various ethical issues that surround these camps in Rwanda. There have been delegations that
have been sent by the government in order to help to understand how it all happened and help such
a nation to avoid such happening in its own country. Walter, Tony. 2009. Dark tourism: Mediating
between the dead and the living. O'Donoghue, D. (2002). Holocaust Tourism. Sunday Business Post,
13th January. Among the many, it is worth pointing out dark tourism and memorial tourism, not only
because of their undeniable academic impact, but also because of the media relevance gained.
Information collection techniques or data collection in this study used questions or questionnaires.
Currently, phosphogypsum is accumulated in over 21 million tons. Moreover, this model emphasizes
both positive and negative impact of tourism on macro-environment. Editors select a small number of
articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly. Lithuanian dark
tourism spectrum, based on Stone ( 2006 ) heritage management model. For example many cannot
comprehend why the titanic which was considered to be built on a superior technology since only
after taking more than 1500 passenger with her. Thus, in this neutral hot spring, the first level of the
trophic chain is associated with photosynthesis as well other anaerobic CO2 fixing bacteria. T.
Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Thermal performance of the new hall of the historical
hospital in Florence Carla Balocco 2011 Download Free PDF View PDF Free DOC Epistemologia
del concetto di Umwelt. When preparing the heritage object itself, it should be changed as little as
possible to preserve its authenticity and so that it invokes strong emotions. The figure presents H
values with a plus sign showing the benefit received, and the opposite sign shows the negative
impact of tourism development. However, looking and the sub-branches, it is evident that two of
these types (war and memorial location) were sub-branches of the developing mass tourism since the
20s, and since the 70s—a sub-branch of cultural tourism that had impact on rapidly growing cultural
and heritage tourism industries. These weather conditions can lead to overheating (heat stress) and
dehydration of the agricultural field workers. The demand of dark tourism in Lithuania is increasing.
However they serve an important function in education and also as a reminder to the coming
generation of what happened in the past. Some have the urge to relate others just a record of visiting
the site others just the association with the people who visited the area in order to foster faster
relations with new people. They are also a good source of political ideology that could have led to
the mass murder of the victim. Further, there are just few research papers on the topic of Dark
Tourism and so this research study is a contribution towards the goal of developing this potential to
its fullest. For people living in today’s urbanized, routine world, especially westerners, it is natural to
look for ways to decrease the boredom created by their daily routine ( Walter 2009 ). Genocide sites
are sites where there have been mass murders of human beings.
Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF See Full PDF Download PDF Loading Preview Sorry,
preview is currently unavailable. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more
securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. But it has to be there in order to help
the future generation to know of the atrocities that were committed against human race in the world.
(Thompson, 2007; Immaculee, 2007). It has a growing body of literature in the representation and
tourist experiences in the tourist economy. The value of the Reynolds number is very influential on
the flow regimes characteristics of the flow, while the heat transfer process is heavily influenced by
the value of Prandtl number. Places of disaster These are places of disaster characteristic of strong
past experiences that shocked the society. Gain a detailed understanding of the key trends, issues,
and challenges facing dark tourism destinations. It is like organized violence is being brought back to
life by tour guides who give account of heroes, tragedy and other personal experiences like torments
when the actual event was happening. This paper highlights how dark tourism has been theoretically
conceptualized in previous studies. When UNESCO, EU and the European Commission included
the aspect of culture into the conception of sustainable development, cultural tourism integrated
sustainable development into its concept and became its inseparable part. 3. Dark Tourism as a
Branch of Cultural Tourism However, there is a question of where in cultural tourism dark tourism is
or can be. The article discusses the theoretical aspects of dark tourism and details the aspects of this
tourism industry as part of cultural tourism. Most of the genocides are committed due to hatred and
therefore there is an aspect of wanting to establish the root cause of such hatred. (MacCannell,
1992). The Section 3 is intended to present the case—the Lithuanian dark tourism industry and its
resources, typology and specific challenges related with the growth of dark tourism industry
preservation of dark heritage in the region. The purpose of this study was to determine the
composition of mangrove species, the structure of mangrove forest vegetation (species density,
relative density of species, frequency of species, relative frequency of species, species cover, relative
cover of species and important values) and to determine the level of damage. Television, internet,
film and several other modern dark tourism, which people have taken time to take observe at the
comfort of their surrounding is one of the motivators of the visits to the dark tourism sites (Stone,
2011). Cultural tourism is a part of sustainable tourism because sustainable tourism encompasses a
sustainable society, economy, environment and culture ( Pan et al. 2018 ). Sustainable culture
encompasses the continuity of heritage, cultural tourism and rural tourism ( Kriksciuniene and
Praskuniene 2020 ). The author of the paper states that the development of dark tourism is embedded
in the eagerness with which people would like to visit sites associated with grief or some element of
tragic occurrences. However, looking and the sub-branches, it is evident that two of these types (war
and memorial location) were sub-branches of the developing mass tourism since the 20s, and since
the 70s—a sub-branch of cultural tourism that had impact on rapidly growing cultural and heritage
tourism industries. Zaliene, Irina. 2002. Pasaulio ir Lietuvos turizmo raida. Signal enhancement in the
wall of the aortic arch, following intravenous injection of paramagnetic micelles and liposomes, was
followed for 1 week. And based on Seaton’s classification, it can be said that the following 6 types
of dark tourism are being developed: genocide camps, places of conflict, dark tourism exhibitions,
graveyards, prisons, entertainment type. Download Free PDF View PDF Free PDF Dark tourism and
place identity: managing and interpreting dark places Maximiliano E. More than ten years after the
Tsunami disaster, a Tsunami Memorial recreation center has been established in Thailand. If
Rwandans had buried the heads of those victims, the genocide would have been forgotten long time
ago. This is a site license, allowing all users within a given geographical location of your
organization access to the product. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more
securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. People's extravagant display of public
sorrow for individuals they have never met led to the movement being called dark tourism. Available
online:; (accessed on 23 March 2022); ( B ) The Building of former 9th Fort in Kaunas, Lithuania.
These forms of tourism appearing in different names and various models, served a more sensitive
approach giving priority to natural and cultural resources at the front line of planning and
development. Source: Jureniene and Radzevicius ( 2014 ), Models of Cultural Heritage,
Transformations in Business and Economics, Vol. 13, No 2 (32), p. 244.