‫ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪(١١‬‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ ١١‬‬ ‫‬ ‫‪:‬‬

‫وאא‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫ אنא‬
‫‬
‫‪ :−١‬‬
‫‪ 5‬د‪3‬א‪ 2‬و‪ 0 1*.‬א ‪# -. /‬و" א! ل א‪ )*&+,‬وא&( '& ع ‪# $‬و" א! ل‬
‫א‪ *67&,‬ذא? א>=< א!و;‪ :‬وא! ل א‪ 89‬א&‪ ، *67‬و‪ CDE FG&0‬א‪3‬א‪ 2‬وא&‪+&I' 1*B‬م‬
‫‪2QR‬س &‪ B‬אو" א&( ' ‪ (* O‬אم ‪=N‬ل א! ل وذ‪ $K (&L M‬א‪J‬ذ א)‪15‬‬
‫א=زم‪LU,‬و<>‪CDE1‬א! لو‪LL(T‬و<א! ل&א‪J‬ذא)‪15‬א‪S‬و‪1*&/3‬‬
‫‪36W‬א! لא&‪8‬و&*‪1‬א‪ 0‬عא&‪D9‬א‪ .‬‬
‫و‪0Y5'$K3 Z‬א]‪(*175'00Q7‬א\‪0‬مא ‪/‬א[‪7&2‬א‪3‬‬
‫‪&(&L‬א&‪L$RQ‬و<‪[ZO‬א‪7&2‬א‪13‬א ‪/‬א‪L(* N1OU‬א^‪I0‬ن‬
‫‪O‬وא‪5,‬א?‪ .‬‬
‫ودوא‪0G‬א]‪ '7‬ن‪_5‬و‪$‬دوא‪G‬א ‪/‬א‪،‬و‪?` $&D9'&MD‬س‬
‫‪ 0$‬ع ل'‪(C.T)3‬و لא‪،(P.T)c‬و `?אسو‪[ 5'E3‬א‪89&,‬א?‬
‫א‪2,‬مא وא‪/D‬و‪LYf&C3‬و<א‪1 5‬و‪;[d3ed12‬ز ‪U‬אא‪G‬‬
‫)‪1Z)(&L(C.B‬א‪i_c‬א‪dgT1 5hZ,‬ن‪$$O‬אم‪ .‬‬
‫و&'‪0I‬مא ‪/‬א[‪&k&lmnd‬و‪ :['jR[E‬‬
‫‪ −‬א‪ ,‬א? ‬
‫`? ‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪ −‬א‪\S‬ن ‬
‫‪ −‬دوא‪G‬א‪1‬وא& ز‪ U‬‬
‫‪ ?R‬‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫وא&‪CDEndI‬א‪0$7Slm,‬مو‪1*q،o2‬א‪U 7&L‬א‪1Ondp‬‬
‫‪0$i_c3‬مא ‪/‬א[‪nd:7I'U‬‬ ‫و‪،$q-‬و‪LO23[ 5(١)1e‬د‪/‬א‬
‫‪OL=U7B*lm‬ن‪&' 1R‬א‪U1N‬א‪ ,‬א‪t‬و‪os&3‬و; د‪8r?LI‬‬
‫‪،7‬وא&( *‪(i7lm)*l‬و' ‪?` ?=u‬سא&‪DEl.3‬אא&א‪1N‬‬
‫&‪17‬א‪+&2‬א‪OL=U‬ن‪L‬و< ‪ (T1‬‬ ‫و‪$w6O[ 5(٢)1e‬אא‬
‫ `?سא&‪3‬א‪19f'(*1752Rxf,‬א א‪=R(TUm‬א‪ .w& ,‬‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪(١١‬‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫‬
‫‪:(١)1e‬א‪lm,‬א&** ‪0$i_c‬م ‪ [R/‬‬
‫‬

‫‬
‫‪:(٢)1e‬א&א‪ L1N‬ل‪Um‬אא‪ G‬‬
‫‬
‫‬

‫‪٢‬‬
 (١١) ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬


   Instrument Transformers‫ `?אس‬−٢
c‫وא‬5‫א‬3‫\?א‬ez[‫א‬3&‫وא‬c‫سא‬z?` ‫א‬CDE‫אم‬+&2‫&א‬
 :M‫א[ذ‬T`‫و‬.Y)p‫א‬3&‫=?ذא?א‬L,‫א‬G‫א?א{א[دوא‬3e`‫א‬1u '‫[و‬5‫א‬
 [5‫א‬c‫א‬G‫دא‬$?=L,‫ _ل*)?א‬−١
،3&*8\OI|‫و‬L‫>لوא‬,‫א‬1\2(*?=L7*c‫وא‬3&*2D9' −٢
./ ‫م‬0/!2?=L~7I'MD‫و‬s*- T١٢٠‫و‬١١٠

 Current Transformer3&‫ `?א‬١−٢
Construction ‫ل‬ ‫א‬oR'
 :?` ‫א‬CDE$‫ن‬IG3‫ ن‬0; 
 Single term for[G‫א`&א‬Y*7*L‫)وא‬/‫ لذ‬−
Multi turn wound primary[G‫ لא`&א‬B7*?)5S/‫ لذ‬−
nd c‫و א‬, ?)*,‫_ل א‬5' ‫ن‬O o€‫ و‬G‫ אא‬z [‫ *( א& א‬G‫*)? א`&א‬,‫ א‬1u '‫و‬
(b)i_c‫(وא‬a)i_c‫א‬3'‫ل‬ [  J23(١)31e1>K‫ و‬Voltage to earth‫ض‬3!‫א‬
 .G‫אא‬z‫ل‬ ‫א‬1u ')/_3231>K

Core ‫ل‬ ‫א‬o*
Cold soled ‫د‬3\‫*(א‬h BI,‫א‬o*Z‫א‬$G‫א‬e$‫ ع‬Z‫و‬U ,‫*[א‬L‫\‚ ن‬r
1e (* o*‫ א‬U  ‫و   ن‬O . ]‫ وא‬1‫ א‬$ \2 $ ‫و‬O grain oriented steel
 .Shell typeY*9‫ ع ل‬0$‫ل‬ ‫ نא‬MDR.1 &I

Winding & insulation‫_ل‬5‫*)?وא‬,‫א‬
/ ‫و א‬, M‫  وذ‬edge wound copper ship 1e (* ‫ و' ن‬: G‫*)? א`&א‬,‫ א‬−O
‫ ~دز‬9&Y*,‫*?א‬L‫_ل‬5'‫و‬7‫א?א‬3&‫א‬$F&'(&‫وא‬Im9‫אو‬
 .resinous materials
gG‫א‬f‫_ل‬5'‫و‬1 &I‫و‬O/G‫دא‬U ?‫سذא‬B‫א‬$ƒ=2O$‫'& ن‬: 0>‫*)?א‬,‫ א‬−h
 .„N!‫زא‬5‫ אدא‬,‫وא‬O‫ش‬7‫وא‬O‫ ط‬9S,‫قא‬3 ‫א‬$

 :‫=?א‬u &*ً\m3&‫? لא‬7I'
 .gT/ 06Y*‫[و‬G‫א&א‬Y*:‫و‬Single ratioL‫\وא‬I0/‫( لذ‬٣)1ew\

٣
 (١١) ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬

Primary

Line Load

Secondary

To
Burden

 (٣)1e
‚\r‫Š‚و‬w‫_و‬5$‫و‬I&wG_;nd[G‫א`&א‬Y*,‫א‬I‹L،ƒ=2O6=6‫(  لذو‬O
(T‫=ƒ و‬2O <=6 /‫ ذ‬:; ‫ א‬/‫د‬LO ‫ א م‬3‫ س א‬z ‫ل‬ ‫א א‬DE ‫م‬+&I
.(٤)1eŒ)+,‫א‬c‫ذא?א‬/ ‫א‬0

Neutral

Line

Load
Primary
Line

Secondary

To
Burden

 (٤)1e

I:T‫و‬، Series parallel primary transformer /‫[' א[و' אز‬G‫א&א‬Y*‫(  لذو‬h
(٥1e)/‫وא& אز‬O[‫*(א& א‬7*u '&>RO‫و‬Ow*67&w7Ind[G‫א`&א‬Y*,‫א‬
 . 0>‫א‬G‫אא‬zcamper turn)3'7Ž)0‫&ج‬0^M‫وذ‬
‫م‬+&I‫(و‬٦31e)، Tapped secondary transformer_‘/ 06Y*‫ج( لذو‬
gTL‫وא‬3e‫نא‬O3\&`‫א‬zDN!‫א‬U 0>‫א‬G‫אא‬z3&*‫'ن‬3e‫א‬nd‫&ج‬L`‫א‬

٤
 (١١) ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫*(א‬6“" 2M‫نذ‬O”L=‫و‬L &)[\'„N!‫א"א‬m!‫وא‬w5,‫א‬- ‫א‬z‫م‬+&I'

 .:*7RQ/ 0>‫א‬Y*,‫אمא‬+&2‫א‬L$
Primary

Line
Load
Secondary

a) Series Connection

To
Burden

Primary
Line
Load
Secondary
b) Parallel Connection

To
Burden

 (٥)1e


Primary

Line
Load
Secondary

To
Burden

Primary

Line
Load
Secondary

To
Burden

٥
 (١١) ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬

 (٦)1e
‫م‬+&I‫(و‬٧31e)، Multiple secondary transformer 06?)*‫د( لذو‬
1L,‫א א‬D– \I‫=? و‬L,‫;_ א‬O‫;_ אس و‬O D9' & ‹L ‫ن‬,‫ א‬l L z
 ._t‫א‬Y*,‫Œ*(Žא‬5\:T‫א‬mO1u '$`‫م‬+&I`/D‫א‬/ 0>‫א‬Y*,‫א‬

Primary

Line Secondary
Secondary Load

To To

Burden Burden

 (٧)1e

` ‫ و‬burden  17] ?` B7*  0>‫ א‬G‫* א‬Z&,‫و س ( א‬O ?=L) _;!‫[ א‬7I'‫و‬
 0>‫ل א‬k!‫ א‬$ —5‫  و‬.G‫ א`&א‬G‫ אא‬z ‫ل‬k!‫ א‬w‫ و‬7 _7&* load [7I'
‫ل‬k!‫ א‬CD– 2‫(  א א‬١) ‫˜ ;ول‬+*‫ و‬.3‫ א‬15‫ و‬8\O - T ‫و‬O ‫وم‬O ‫و‬,
./ 0>‫א‬Y*,‫א‬z8\O٥/33'/‫لذ‬

 (١)‫;ول‬
Burden Impedance in ohm Voltamp P.F
designation
Metering burdens
B - 0.1 0.1 2.5 0.9
B - 0.2 0.2 5.0 0.9
B - 0.5 0.5 n.5 0.9
B - 0.9 0.9 2.2-5 0.9
B - 1.8 1.8 45 0.9
Relaying burdens
B-1 1.0 25. 0.5
B-2 2.0 50. 0.5
B-4 4.0 200. 0.5
B-8 8.0 200. 0.50

 Current transformer open circuit voltage3&‫لא‬ L &),‫א‬G‫;אא‬

٦
 (١١) ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬

:0![G‫א`&א‬Y*,‫א‬z3'K,m/ 0>‫א‬Y*,‫א‬G‫&دא‬T‫[م‬E‫ ل‬B7*5‫אא‬

MD‫و‬:5\f'o\Iqo*‫א‬z7‫Œ[א‬T " 2[G‫א`&א‬Y*,‫א‬z3'K
(* 3 N o\I‫_ل و‬5‫ א‬30‫ א‬o\I q / 0>‫ א‬Y*,‫ א‬zm (* [ 8r ; ‫& ن‬
z residual magnetism[\&,‫و; دא)Œא‬0‫ א‬E‫و‬NWo\2ƒE‫و‬.‚SO‫ص‬+e!‫א‬
 .‫ل‬ ‫*(دא‬6“qc‫زאא‬d5(&L/]‫א‬o*‫א‬

Mechanical and thermal characteristics3‫وא]א‬0,‫˜א‬GZp‫א‬
?` ‫א‬3&N‫&א‬T5‫*_م‬3‫وא]א‬0,‫˜א‬GZp‫نא‬T?` ‫دא‬o0š
/3‫א‬L86Q'M‫ذ‬oLZ‫و‬G‫אא‬z7‫[א‬3'KZ‫و<א‬L:0!M‫وذ‬
 .‫ل‬ ‫[*(א‬0‫و‬
‫[و_د‬G‫א`&א‬Y*,‫د)?א‬UUo2&'Z‫ل]א‬ ‫א‬z &,‫א‬/ ‫وא‬
 .0,‫وא‬,‫א‬1'" IT‫"زدא‬Ampere turns)3&‫א‬7
[G‫א`&א‬Y*,‫א‬$=R?)‫ود‬: m‫و‬M*I‫א‬U (*7&5'[T3‫א]א‬5I*\IO
‫و_دد‬3‫א]א‬5I‫א‬U)''" 21u ,‫א‬sL‫و_د‬Z‫א‬3'3‫و‬$‫وز‬/ 0>‫وא‬
 .?)*‫א‬

 3&‫ `?א‬3&N‫א‬
1RzxO M‫وذ‬1 B&‫\א‬I0:"‫و‬5,‫ لوא‬B7*3&‫א‬7zQ p‫\א‬I0‫'س‬
m (&L‫ و‬Q p‫ و ›د א‬1 B&‫\ א‬I0 U ‫ن א‬3'‫  و‬0>‫ وא‬G‫ א`&א‬G‫ אא‬$
 .Impulse voltage(B~c‫א‬3&N‫א‬/€MDR‫ [د‬5'`$ I
l* ‫ א‬i‫ א– א‬z ‫ل  ; د‬ ‫ن א‬R ‫ذא‬d MDR ‫ د‬c‫ א‬CDE 1>, ‫ض‬5 ‫ل‬ ‫ن א‬R ‫ذא‬d
 .‫_ل‬5‫א‬L=u$RQ&*M‫وذ‬Z‫א‬3 !‫א‬86Q'-.3\&N`‫א‬i‫;א‬d$=T

Voltage ( Potential transformer )c‫ `?א‬٢−٢
D9& ‫م‬+&I'‫ و‬w N w ‫و‬O ‫ض‬3!‫ وא‬gN w  ' ‫ن‬O ‫س‬2O (* c‫  `? א‬7Z'
\I0‫و‬3‫;_سא‬Oz c‫ص‬p‫א‬Y*,‫و א‬OB&‫وא‬Oc‫;_سא‬O
/‫و‬I'/ 0>‫א‬Y*,‫א‬zs*7[ 5'‹œ‫' ن‬/ 0>‫א‬nd[G‫א`&א‬Y*7*1 B&‫א‬
 ?` ‫א‬CDEL![  J23٧31e ‫و‬- T١٢٠,١١٥,١١٠

ConstructionoRx‫א‬
Electromagnetic types[Im9‫(א عאو‬O

٧
 ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪(١١‬‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫`?‪O$K- T *R ٣,٣$1O‬ن' ن `?‬ ‫‪(*IG33 Z7&5‬א‪Tc‬‬

‫‪3‬وא‪+&2‬אم‪r‬ز‬ ‫;‪T‬و‪ s*\I‬دא!*(‪79‬א*‪o‬وא‪z?)*,‬א_‪_5*-‬لو‪U‬א&‬
‫`?א‪ .c‬‬ ‫‪2‬دس‪IRO‬א—‪z-‬א‪_5‬ل!;_א ‪ŸU‬א‪+&2‬א‪‚SO:‬‬
‫‬
‫‪Cascade type‬‬ ‫‪(h‬א عא&‪5‬‬
‫ل‪z‬א‪ c‬د‪>RO‬‬ ‫‪ w\(٨)31e‬ل;ذو‪-2‬א‪1L‬و‪+&I‚\r‬م‪DE‬אא‬
‫‪- T *R ١٤٥$‬و=‪O”L‬نא‪Y*,‬א`&א‪7Im9h *(*:7I'Ÿ[G‬‬
‫א‪Y*,‬א>‪ ; / 0‬د‪o*(*gT‬وא‪−L‬א‪*L,‬א!‪ .8N‬‬
‫ ‬

‫‬
‫‪ (٨)1e‬‬
‫‬
‫א‪+&2‬אمא‪Capacitor?)>,‬‬
‫'‪DEoR‬אא ع‪_‘T(*22O7&5‬א‪+&2c‬אمא‪.?)>,‬‬

‫‪٨‬‬
 (١١) ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬

-—‫א‬IRO‫دس‬2‫ز‬9‫_و‬5,‫א‬U ‫ ل;!;_א‬

 .?)>,‫אمא‬+&2c‫`?*(‘_ א‬ ‫א‬CDET7&5'‫و‬

3‫وא]א‬0,‫˜א‬GZp‫א‬
?‫א‬86Q& ‫ض‬5&' ` " 2 [T w N w ‫و‬O ‫ض‬3!‫ وא‬gN w 1Z' c‫ن  `? א‬O ‹L
z Z 5& ‫ل‬7&L‫ƒ א‬E $‫ و‬3&‫  `? א‬z <› , *6q 0‫ و‬3‫א‬L
17B&‫א‬M‫ "_ذ‬2&7] 0>‫א‬G‫אא‬z?‫א‬Z,‫א‬-+&2‫ذאא‬d‫و‬/ 0>‫א‬Y*,‫א‬
 .‫*(א‬Y)m86Q'MD‫ " ن‬2‫[و‬G‫א`&א‬Y*,‫א‬z?‫א‬Z,‫مא‬+&I'MDT

Voltage transformer burden c‫ `?א‬17.
w\ (٢) 3 ‫ و;ول‬8\O - T : —5‫ و‬/ 0>‫ א‬Y*, 1Z& E ‫ل‬ ‫ *( א‬17]‫א‬
 .?`]‫Œא‬5\3‫א‬15‫و‬17B&‫א‬

ANSI Standard Burdens for voltage transformer :٢‫;ول‬

Burden Voltamp. at 120 V Burden P.F
W 12.5 0.1
X 25 0.7
Y 75 0.85
Z 200 0.85
Z2 400 0.85
M 35 0.2

‫=ل‬NK/D‫א‬8\O- T/‫و‬I E‫ و‬thermal burden/3‫א‬L1k‫ ل‬B7*‫›د‬MDR
 .:¢ 7I,‫„א‬,‫א‬3‫;א]א‬3‫د‬/5'8r$‫ل‬ ‫א‬

Accuracy ‫א‬
3‫; א]א‬3‫ د‬z ‫')ع‬3‫ א‬o\I' (&‫ א  وא‬3‫ א‬z TƒT ?)*,‫ و א‬o\I
?) ‫\ د‬I ‚Š *6q ‫ ` ' ن‬/ 0>‫[ وא‬G‫ א`&א‬Y*7* c‫\ א‬I0 MDR ?)*7*
‫ن‬Ond‚SOT^‫א‬DE ratio error\I‫א‬Q £"5‫א‬DE‫و‬./ 0>‫א‬nd[G‫א`&א‬Y*,‫א‬
MD/]‫א‬o*‫א‬z3‫א‬z)‫‚א‬SOƒE‫و‬o*‫ א‬9z‫م‬+&I3&‫א‬$_;
zQ NƒE‫ن‬O/O‚Š ١٨٠-I/ 0>‫א‬Y*,‫[وא‬G‫א`&א‬Y*7*‫אن‬c‫א‬w‫_אو‬T

٩
 ‫ﻤﺤﺎﻀﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻡ )‪(١١‬‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺘﻁﻭﻴﺭ ﺍﻝﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻝﺒﺤﻭﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻝﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬

‫א_אو‪ Phase angle error‬وسذ‪.lGM‬و‪DE‬אא‪Q p‬א!‪z`8N‬אوא‪G‬ذא?‬

‫‪I315‬و‪/‬א א‪OL‬وא‪_;O/D9'¤‬س‪O‬و‪ ..‬‬
‫‬

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