AEM 6114

Project management

Module 6: project
Layout

Dr. Ridwan Al Aziz

Department of Industrial & Production Engineering
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology

Semester: October, 2023

 Facility Layout

Configuration of departments, work centres and equipment, with

particular emphasis on movement of work through the system

Why Important?
• Require substantial investment of money & effort
• Involve long term commitment
• Have significant impact on the cost and efficiency of operations

Two basic types of layout:

• Product
• Process
 Facility Layout
Product Layout
Layout that uses standardized processing operations
to achieve smooth, rapid, high volume flow

The work is divided into a series of standardized tasks,

permitting specialization of both labor and equipment
 Facility Layout
Advantages

• High rates of output

• Low unit cost due to high volume
• Low material handling cost per unit
• High utilization of labor & equipment

Limitations

• Repetitive work – boring & fatigue

• System is fairly inflexible
• System is highly susceptible to breakdown
 Facility Layout
U-shaped Layouts

• Compact
• Increased communication
• Flexibility in work
 Facility Layout
Process Layout
Designed to process items or provide services that involve a
variety of processing requirements

Layout features functional grouping where similar kinds of

activities are performed

X-ray ECG

Ultrasound Pathology

Items are frequently moved in batches to the departments

in a sequence that varies from job to job
 Facility Layout
Advantages

• Can handle a variety of processing requirements

• Not particularly vulnerable to equipment failures
• General-purpose equipment is easier to maintain

Limitations

• High inventory costs for batch processing

• Routing & scheduling pose continual challenges
• Equipment utilization rates are low
• Slow material handling –also inefficient
 Facility Layout
X-ray ECG
Cell 1: X-ray, Ultrasound, Pathology
Cell 2: X-ray, ECG
Ultrasound Pathology Cell 3: Ultrasound, Pathology
Cell 4: X-ray, ECG, Pathology

X-ray Cell 1 Cell 2

Ultrasound

Cell 3 Cell 4
Pathology

ECG
 Facility Layout
Cellular Layout
Machines are grouped into cells
Groupings are determined by operations needed to
perform work for a set of similar items
X-ray
Cell 1 Cell 2
Ultrasound

Cell 3 Cell 4 Pathology

ECG

Cells are miniature versions of Product/Process layout

 Facility Layout
Fixed Position Layout
Weight, size, bulk or some other factor makes it
undesirable or extremely difficult to move the product

The items being worked on remains stationary, and

workers, material and equipment are moved about
Facility Layout
Facility Layout
Facility Layout
Facility Layout
Facility Layout
 Thank You!
Dr. Ridwan Al Aziz