SPECIAL REPORT : The Global food crisis N°545 / All English. Dy23 uinau 6juillet2022 / 3.90€ VG@CABLE La presse internatig Bur progresseren anglais Dy Biase 4 TRIBUTE TO THE KING OF ROCK & ROLL THE NEW YORK TIMES __ § Music SCIENCE THE STORY OF WHEN BATS THEIOO YEAR-OLD PRETENDTO — ACCORDIONSHOP BEBEES THESEATTLETIMES ‘THE INDEPENDENT ‘allio (sm er LHUMANITE Fee “UN PETIT MIRACLE” “D'UNE TENDRESSE RARE” “A VOIR D'URGENCE” “UNE ROMANCE MUSICALE ET DROLE” ADEEL AKHTAR CLAIRE RUSHBROOK All et Ava n’avaient aucune raison de se rencontrer. Blessés par la vie, c'est leur aR affection commune pour Sofia, une jeune fille dont Ava est assistante scolaire qui ADEE AKHTAR [es fait se croiser. De a va natre un lien profond au-dela des diferences sociales 4 et cutures. s6 ‘Making-of Entretiens avec les acteurs du film et la realisatrice & ae = Clio Barnard » Bande-annonce Grins £50sommaire N9545 /0U23jinau 6jullet 2022 AMELIE TRESFELS REDACTRICEENCHEF Elvis - made in Australia ‘Who does not know the name Elvis Presley? 45 years alter his death, the King of Rock & Rll sprit hveson. and continues to get crowds dancing Surprisingly, it isin Australia that we discovered ‘Hvis mania on this ‘ccasion. Even though he never set oot th country, ‘Australian fan ae a fervent as anywhere else ‘The proof: Australian film director, Bz Lubrmann, spent two years filming a biopic ofthe legendary singer ‘which has recently arrived in French cinemas following its premieze at the Cannes Festiva. Itis quite a chal- Tenge tellthe story ofthe rock and rlllegend, not mention the dificult of finding someone to portray ‘Elvis, However the young acto, Austin Bute, re to ‘the challenge. Inthe Flm, Ebis, he sings, dances, aks like him, to such an extent that he found it afficultro leave the character behind at the end of filming, ‘Another good example i the small town of Parkes, ‘which has held an annual festival dedicated to Elvis since 1973. Its a fun and funny event with Austal- ‘ans dressing up inthe iconic costumes of the 1708 and gathering to celebrate and dance to the musi of Ylhouse Rec’ After the cancellation in 2021 due tothe pandemic, this year’s 2022 festival returns allowing ‘Australian fans to share their lve for Elvis Presley. Aside from this musial interlude, other subjects are ‘more conceming We feature a special report onthe food criss that threatens the worl, exacerbated by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This crisis fs currently ‘centred around wheat. Ukraine can no longer export its crop. Inia, that wanted to take up the baton, has finally announced that itis prohibiting exports asa result of reduced production following the historical ‘heatwave in April. ‘These decisions must be dealt with soon and on an international level astimeisof the essence. Worrying tends notwithstanding... Happy Reading! Aepinerousr J etsuver naar (ets) | conus | article estepris surle CD outes MP3 ‘de conversation: Desinteviewsen¥O. pour aller votre carerenension Tous es ticles du magazine sontuspar des anglophanes sutleCD (ou es MP3) delecture Retrouverte reportage vidéo Weatariclesuocabletr Photo decouvertue © 2022 WamerBros Entatarment nc AlRgnts Reserved NIVEAU DE DIFFICULTE ET EQUIVALENCE CECRL_ (Cate Européen ammunde Rféencepou es langues): efacle A2-BI_ 4K moyen B2-Cl kk * clffidle C-C2 Pout fatter ierepsrageetlacompréhanson les mots wadtssontsurtnésdans touslesartides umagazie Grandangle 4 Onparled’eux _ Alaune (sc) Baz Luhrmann turns focus to Elvis m= 6 @O_ Rockand Roltion, Evi biooicby Baz Lunvmana, Focus (42) How the king of Rock'n Roll stil makes Australia sing Every year, the Parkes Festalin Australia celebrates Evi Société (381) Howwomen'ssports teams got theirstart mmr ‘Thehistory of women in American sports. Zoom uu (#9820 | U.S gun production triples since 2000 imma _ @QO Unter Statesignmarotacture and ovnershipis scam. PRATIC/ABLE m0 @ Wocsbulale che ophtan /les «question tags» / jeux demotsiles véterents. Surlevif a Enjeux ‘The coming food catastrophe EIS © -Anintemational food iss inmnent Wheat can’t catcha break right now EERE a Indiathe wheat dustry in crs. A360 % Culture (ax201] Local squeezebox company weathers a century of accordion ups and downs SES a (Onecfthelast accordion makes celebrates 100 years in business [#20 Artist pilloried after creating half-horse, half-man sculpture mT » Aworkofartthathasecevedanangyrecegtien. Les échos 2 Découverte [422 | Creating a buzz: Bats pretend tobe bees to seem more dangerous firn=rn0500 When bats sound ikebeesto war ff predates. Les sorties 4 Ledessin _BR Lactualité enimages = eras-uns HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF... Inthis picture, crosses adorn amakeshift memorial for the young victims of the shooting at Robb Elementary School in Uvalde, Texas that took place on 24 May. The traumatised town began laying torest the19 young children and two teachers killed in a school shooting that left the small, tight-knit community united in grief and anger. President Joe Biden has vowed to push forstricter gun regulation. toadom todecarate/ makeshiftin tai, 4 VOCABLE 0:73jn avo jae 22@ retowezteticintossurmmnvocable.fr Ceuxqui font actu Justin Trudeau Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's gov- ernment introduced legislation that would. put a freeze on importing, buying and selling handguns, in the wake of the Uvalde, Texas school shooting, With this symbolic and historic move, the govern ‘ment plans to fight gun smuggling and trafficking by increasing criminal penalties, providing more tools to investigate firearm crimes and strengthen- ing border measures. Trudeau also announced the bill would allow for the removal of gun licenses from people involved in acts of domesticviiolence or criminal harassment such as stalking. The regula: tions are expected tobe enacted this fall toput, put, puta treezeonto sop /handgun eles /inthe ect iicwng/ shooting ingot mon peopebye unnan Srogging!noorrgspatngcontahsrd goes etminalpenalty Inceeaptcon srt: nates /Yoinvertigta ocay oo Investigation on rear gin ators oped nema iva harassment ere tack stlking ore tracking regulation here. gl equtements tn enact putin lace esta (sr) - ae ‘Avril Lavigne is back. The Canac.an singer willrlssve her debut album, Let o, that was fist reteased 20 years ago, on June 4, with ‘bonus tracks. With hits ke Complicated. Sk@er oi anim with You, Lavigne'sLet Go went ‘multi-platinum, leading to seven more albums andre Juno Awards. t also inspred a wave ‘of young pop stars lke Bile Eilish and Olivia Rodrigo, whocount her as an important ‘mysicl influence. Lavigne is now taking her latest album, Love Sux.on tour acrossCanads. Love Suxisa return to the modem pop-punk style she popularised ~ especially asa space for women andgits. torelsuetobringautagain/debutfist/torelease Fetetomake aalabl/tracksong/htpoplat, Sucestlserg/platinumarecodthat hess] ‘llncopiseemore Roles Led, edto toresstin/ Sune Awards arslree evaded by theCanacian seademyofRecorngatsand Scenestorewarstsin the musc rausty/ waverere sees nen geaton/ ‘take, too, taken analbumon tours playlve concertina variety of eationsta promote anew ‘tum, Obi-Wan Kenobiactor, Moses Ingram, revealed she has recelved “hundreds” ofradist ‘messages since appearing in the new Star Wars flim. Her co-star, Ewan McGregor, ssued astrong statement condemning abusive fan. Inthe new Disney series, Ingram plays the Third Sister, Reva Sevander, who's tasked by Darth Vader with hunting McGregor’s Kenobi ‘Star Wars actors Kelly Marie Tan and John Boyega also endured racst abuse after they were cast in the sequel trilogy. ObF-Wan ‘Kenobi has been a hit with tics and audlences, becoming Disney's most-watched premiere for an orginal series, co-star actrthatasostas na im tlssuehere to PRIS post /statamantceltion abusive Inious/totasksbwith togvesbtheresponsbty for/tobuntochasetotac down’ toende tobe subject tostfer/tocast east east ochoo:ets playa ole sequel flow up/ it popular, acest (WNBA star Brittney Griner made International headlinesin March when twas revealed that Russian authorities had detained her in February. Grner, 31, was arrested on the allegation of having hashish ‘llin her luggage at an aitport near Moscow. (On May 28, the WNBA players’ union posted a ‘message an socal media marking the 100th day of Grine's detention, According to several Russian news outlets, talks are currently underway to exchange the WNBA player for \iktor Bout, a convicted Russian arms ‘trafficker nicknamed "the Merchant of Death’ ‘currently in detention in theUS. [WNAA Vioreris National asketbalAssodaon/ta ‘make, made, made headlines tots epertedon te ontpageotrewspapes allegation cxusation/ hashishollcannatisol luggage vavelbags bagesee /aceordingtoassttedby../newsoutlatsredia/ ‘alksregeitions/erantly present tthe ‘orent/underway crags /ennvictedound ply /tonickrame!obecalled. WoOCABLE DuZsn avs let zzz 5| Cinéma | ES EtaTs-UNIS | >>> C2 BAZ LUHRMANN TURNS FOCUS TO EL’ In2019, Australian director, Baz Luhrmann, famous for films such as Moulin Rouge, and more recently, hhas takenon another challenge: to tell the story of the life of Elvis Presley, the rock and roll icon that mat generation. Following two long years of filming and reporting, and the premiere screening at the Cannes| ‘the biopic will finally be available in cinemas from 22 June. ‘Austin Butler learned to talk and singtke Evisand, wth the Delp of amoverpent coach named Polly Bennett, how 2 move ike Elvis dd too. ©2022 recs manetic Alissa ghia 6 + VOCABLE 0123p et 202 ‘foci AZB/#¢ moyen B2-C1/ 8 #cificleC-C2a @ Teéchargext appl Vocable oerted nosabonnés | www.vecable.fr/applimobile hatdo you get if you cross an Australian ballroom dancing teacher with the owner of alittle cinema? Genetically speaking, the answer comes in the flamboyant shape of Baz Luhrmann, the musicloving director of Strictly Ballroom and Moulin Rouge!, who learned to tango ‘with his mother and watched films on the screen his father owned in the tiny town of Herons Creek. ‘Born Mark Anthony Luhrmann Sydney {ni962, hes already the creator ofahandful ‘of exuberant popular hits, and is now telling the story of Elvis Presley, one of the most vivid - not to say lurid of all realtife nar rates. His biopic, Elvis, hich stars 30-year cold Austin Butler in the lead role and Tom Hanks as the singers calculating manager, Colonel Tom Parker, had its world premiere ‘on 25 May at the Cannes film festival Dalioom dancingref toa variety of sodalor campeitveparnedance/ flamboyant clout ‘atavagant shape om’ eet fra Stacy Balloo (VF salon Danae / tango tocancethe tango /serean te crema tiny vey al ahandful ofseveal/hitsuccss/ urd oct, alifertetonal whoreall ested toy account leadrolepincl le ‘aleatating ining ‘SURLEBOUTDELALANGUE What do you get if you cross X with Y ? (a) ‘Quiobtient-onen croisant Xavec Y ? Cette phrase est la base de nombreuses blagues en anglais, la réponse étant un jeu de mots. Exemnple: ‘Question: What do you get if you cross a Christmas tree with an apple? ‘Answer: A pineapple. (unananas) Expiication: Christmas tree /pine tree sapin apple pomme pineapple ananas Allengthy crescendo of public interest fol lowed the bitch ofthe project eight years ago, ‘with original candidates forthe title role re- portedly inchiding Harry Styles. Anticipation Jevels rose further early in 2020 when filming in Australia was interrupted because Covid struck Hanks. And excite- ‘ment was stoked once again early this month when the film won the public approv- alof Presley's widow, Luhrmann, looking brightly tanned at New York’s Met Gala, posed on the red carpet with Pris cilla Presley, who later tweeted after a private screening of Elvis: “Ire- lived every moment in this film, Ittookmea few days toovercome the emotions. Beautifully done Baz.” Presley's daughter, Lisa ‘Marie, also loved it, Pris- cilla revealed, adding that she was sure his granddaughter, actor Riley Keough, would feel the same, A parallel boom in rock biopics has seen portrayals of Fede Mercury, Hank Williams, ‘Aretha Franklin, Eton John and Morrissey all whizzing off the production line. But Luhr- ‘mann promises something bolder and more colourful. As a ditector tackling probably the ‘most significant events in commercial pop history he knewhe‘couldnt make this flmif the casting wasnt absolutely right. title role principal le having thesamenameas the fin) eportedty acer ota sauces” anticipation impatience cxcleent/torise,case, sen to goup lcresso/ to stk, struck, struck Shit, hse nied /exltemententses/tostake to provoke tofvel (fa) approval approbation widow ‘waman whosehusbandhes ded brightly inoue ve wel /tannedonze sonkssd /redcarpet ed for cverngofanenvance for VPs) screening fimcrojction/ toovereome, came, come tsurmount here, forecover om, ‘boomen incase lope crap portrayal otal. exresertton/towhiz ote ove speed boda alos /totacheto cE ‘ gnicant ner esting Coteo acto. “We searched thoroughly for an actor ‘with the ability to evoke the singular natu ral movement and vocal qualities of this peerless star, but also the inner vulnerabil- ity,"he has said. Luhrmann, by the way, also set himself the tricky task of finding a convincing BB King, Sis ter Rosetta Tharpe and Little Richard for the Elviscast. But then music is in the bones of this son of the ballroom- dancing dress shop owner Barbara and her late hus: band, Leonard Luhrmann, a Vietnam vet who ran a farm and a petrol station (as well as a cinema) Their boy loved music and dancing and, as an adult, has earned Grammy nominations for his film soundtracks, as well as some acclaim as an opera director. In the early 905, his Australian production of Benjamin Britten’s A Midsummer Night's Dreart won the Critics Prize at the Edinburgh festival, and in 2002 he brought Puccini's La Bohéme to Broadway, where it received seven Tony nominations. Coupled with his, love of high fashion, Luhrmann's passion for music has fed lavish advertising cam- paigns for Chanel, as well as promotional films celebrating designers Miuccia Prada and Elsa Schiaparelli thoroughly ndepthandcetal/ to evoke convey, pata acutely) peeress incomparable without ‘cua /imer intemal private tosetset,set oneself o lrpase on nese /teky fic tohavesthin the ‘bones oben tesa par. bein etlondotsb/tate cceasd/vetvetan oun, ran, unto marae operate toearn‘owintoobtah/ Grammy USaward gen annualyforoustandngachieverentin the ruse Inatstry/ soundtrack muse wicheccarpariesfin/ ‘acclaim pase enthusiastic approval ere recognition ‘drectorpson who makes aplayoralin/A ‘Midsummer Night's ream VF) L2 Sorgedurenat ‘Tony avarforacievanentinthethesue/coupled ‘wttogtherwith/highfashionhateoutire/ to ood, fed feds inion rence /avishsum tous, lravagant advertising cubic designerh=e, fashonstyist ceatorof haute couture [VOCABLEDUZ3} ina et 20228 7| Cinéma | SEvaTS-UNIS | | 22 C2 ‘When fame came it came fast and sud- deny, at 30, with the release of Strictly Bal room, the first of Luhrmann's “Red Curtain “Trilogy” of films. What started as a short theatre piece at drama school became a quirky cult cinematic hit, later changing ‘mainstream TV entertainment by inspiring the BBC to revamp its defunct ballroom show as Strictly Come Dancing. For Luhrmann, the film “was the first step in that sortof 10-year journey to make musi- cal cinematic language’. Next came his vi brant vision of Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet in 1996. Critics tend to point to this one as his true masterpiece, and certainly the direc toris stil alittle in love with i. {In 2001, Luhrmann cate into full popu Jar focus when he gave cinema auidiences Jim Broadbent singing Madonna's Like a Virgin in Moutin Rougel. It starred Nicole Kidman and Ewan McGregor, and sofarhas, ‘won him the most accolades, including eight Oscar nominations. The last of his Red Curtain trio, he sees it as rooted in the ex- pressive grandeur of 1940s Hollywood: Its heightened theatrical cinematic language, which I like to think of as a big lie that re veals aig rath. From then on, the critical reception of Luhrmann's work has proved less reliable. He keeps alittle notebook of ideas for projects release ist shoning (at the nema) /Strletly Ballroom (¥) Balroon Darcng Red CrtalnTilogy Tage duadeurauge rama cool chan of caatc ats/quikyorconvntonl orignal it sucess mainstream crverilona classe tratond / ‘entertainment orf amusement torevampto fenovaetomodemise/defunet obsolete Sticky ‘Come Dancing (Jk) Dancing witht Sts (U5) ‘cortempoaybalroomandlatndancs competion. Joumey mision tajctry/ vibrant ofife/ to ‘ondto obennctnedto ohaeatendencyto/ masterplecectel doawre to come came, ome nto focus to bcomethe cbjectotmuchattenton /auanes viewer pul Star tohaventheprindpalle/ accolade hou, ‘Ssthcton/toberoctedin(ohave softs” heightened here dealsed gandose, afc ie cep’ truth fat aly. aitcalaccordrgtothewalationo tes liable ‘content ear moteboakook orang nes / 18+ VOCABLE Du23jnaut et 2022 PriscllaPresty, Oliva Dejonge, Baz Luhrman and Austin Butler attend, “eis Premere at the Pith Cannes HlmFestal 4) but recent choices have not flown so high. His 2008 historical saga, Australia, once again. starring Kidman butthis time alongside their compatriot Hugh Jackman, did well in Eu- rope, but the critics did not rave His most recent film, a 3D version of F Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, with Leon. ardo DiCaprio as the glamorous antichero, vas also disliked by many reviewers. I dd, however, bring in three times its estimated budget of siosm at the box office. Last year, ‘The Get Down, his expensive Netflix series on the originsof hip-hopin thei970s, was culled after a single season. With Luhrmann it is all or nothing, it seems, And it sa creative philosophy he ap. pears to extend to his audiences, In defence of the full-on style of the startling opening. scenes of Moulin Rouge!, Luhrmann has ar tofly, flew, lownhigh ere towarvery wel be ospeus/ alongside ozether with’ travetosoeak entusiasal. ‘The Great Gatsby Gaye Magnified rt ‘olke/ reviewer /tobring brought, brought ino ein tae /tocal in elminae get ido singleone ‘tmextendto to goastarastince /full-an Completely sorting al corcuming/ starting srg? ‘Austin Butlers 30-yearoldactor who became popular through various rales on the Disney Channel Nickelodeon and CW, appearing in Switched at Birth, nice Upon A Time In Holywood and The Cane Dares. July 208, news broke that he was tapped ‘oplay Eis Presley n Baz Lharann’s biopic, after beating out maor stars tke ary Styes Mes Teller, and Ansel Elgort forthe role. He auditioned for Luhrmann vith ahauntingenciion ofPreseyssorg, Unchained Melody. ‘Switch arbre (VF) Switched to break, broke, broken o be anauncedtotheputil/t0 taptochase nominate hee tobeconddered ‘hectic /tobeat, beat, beaten todo beter Un’ toaudition ae tot out orale haunting oieremorbl/ rendition intpretation hhave been lame: While you're chatting and eating your popcorn, youre just getting a ‘bunch of facts and figures so the film can start.In out film, were demanding that you say, ‘Are you in or ate you out?” larnedui stupid to chat tot. comerse/ abunch ‘of ado! fats and figures aclualicrmaton/t0 ‘demand toeaute ‘foci AZ moyen B2-C1/ 8 #cficleC-C2| Musique | Musician and actor, Elvis Presley, rose to fame inthe mid-1950s—on theradlo, ‘TVand the silver screen — andiis one of the biggest names inrock' roll history. ‘torise,rose, sen tofame to becom amas, celeb /slverseren screen cinema screen. Elvis Aaron Presley s born to Vernon and Gladys Presley ina =] Evars-unis | Elvis buyshis first two-roomhousein Tupelo, Mississippi guitar from the ‘on January 8, the second of identical ‘wins. His brother was stillborn, Identical twinsimansygntctwins/ stillborn ofifeatbrth, EvismariesPisllaBeauleuina pvate ceremony inLas Vegas. Theit daughter LisaMarie,sbornon February, 1968, Tupelo Hardware store-a $790 birthday present. Elvis buys Graceland Mansion, ‘mansion geese, mmanornouse Hels draftedinto the army and posted 10 Germany. todrattiocatuptoe miltary uty /topost hese teri. Elvsretums to te performances at the Intetnational Hotel in Las Vegas, setting attendance records and spinning off his firstve album, Uiveconcet onstage tontoan ‘audence/ performance cone /to Set set,settoestblsh/ attendaneeere nar of Spectators /tospn, spun spun off topndice.ceate His first single, Heartbreak Hote!.isreleased, ‘becoming the fist Eivis singlet sell over ition copes followed by hisfirst album, Eis Presley, which {goes toNo. on Billboards Bop album chart tobereleasediomakeaatatle tothe puble /eoayher sore Sing Billboard ek mean ‘magaeneedevtedto the muse Indsty/ chart hit prod Elvis makes the fst af thee appearances on television’ Ed Sullivan Show, attracting the highest ratings ever for any television variety show. Hs fist movie, Love Me Tender, opens in November show TV progam ating eve of audlence view /evercall {le Love Me Tender (VF Le Caalerdurépveue isis Evvisand hospitalisedin Priscilla Memphis battling separateand _health problems, shemovesout. _includinganincreasing Theydivorce dependency upon nig, prescription drugs. tomoveout tobattletofettasanst, hrsetorelocete, er. dol ith reserition drugimecaon wich fly becbtained witha Socorsprescipton Elvismakes his ast concert appearance atindlanapols ae ok aS UNS VOCARLEDUZiunvbjulet 2022" 9 coMusique | Gil AUSTRALIE | | +> B2-C1 The festival finishes on Saturday through {Gets resOMorganen Fetes SPA) DAMIENCAVE HOW THE KING OF ROCK ’N’ ROLL STILL MAKES AUSTRALIA SING vis Presley never actually travelled to Australia during his tifetime. However, that did not stop the ‘Presley mania’ from developingin the southern hemisphere. Oncea year, since 1993, the Elvis Festival attracts fans from all over the country tothe ‘small town of Parkes. About 25,000 people gather amid rhinestones and glitter to celebrate the King for five days of self- deprecation and goodhumour. he Elvis Presley from Japan bowed with quietrespect. Then he toreinto a rendition of “Burning Love" that sounded straight out of Memphis, Tennessee, and that definitely stretched the crotch of his blue jumpsuit to the limit Backstage, few more Elvi" ~ the pluralof Elvis at east at the largest Elvis festivalin the Southern Hemisphere — were going ove final song choices sweating their options oracrowed that blurred the line between fans and imper tobow rcineinagesteot rere /totear,toe, ‘omintater: flaunt tostare whenety ar basson/renditoninsceatin tosound io een / Straght dec /tastretehtoextond opal eotehoart fapleeo dthingbetween tre eas /lampsit pet ihrgwchtastombhedshi ana trowes backstagebctindtnesees/togo, went gone overt rate /tasweatnwcskver hans tobturthotne {Srolorgemakeacisn-Uonbetweentwotsrgs ome” 10+ VOCABLEDU Zin s6juletzz2 sonators, Thousands of Evi were out therein the middle of Australia, ages sto 85, with more pompadours and leisure suits than anyone could count. “God its somany people’ said Charles Stone, Elvis tour manager from 1971 until his death in1g77, surveying the scene with a gold chain peeking outside his Tshirt. Look at this” Parkes, asmall townafive hours drive from Syelney, now shines once a year with Elvis se- 4quins and rhinestones. Around 25,000 people lempersnator mitt /pompadaurhatarargesirioa relate tre fread laure sutinfornal tase snd Feietensrble tour sis corer intent places /tosurveyto lcokat towamine /topeekhee show staltiebt toshie,shone,shone’raae/hinestonefake deren? usually join the festival which started outwith couple of restaurant owners trying to bring alitleless conversation andalitle more action int Parkes. ‘That was back in 1993. Nearly 30 years later, the festival has become a national treasurethat cexemplifieshow Australians tend to doalotof things: all together, with self deprecating hu: ‘mor and copious amounts of alcohol ‘This year’s event — after COVID49 forced a cancellation in 2021 —felt somehow more Elvis owner ctx /alitle lessconversationandalttls mmorwactionreothesongaltteLssConerson Be toexompliy tolistte sal Soprecatingvith tenseneynattotakeenes taser nen ams way/ amount cutty «cancllation 2 of sopping st/somehowinsameway/ ‘foci AZB/#¢ moyen B2-C1/ 8 #cificleC-C2@. inéirezvotrepcononciationen écovtant tous lesartlessurlesupplémentaudiodelecture like than ever. Acertain heaviness mixed with the thrill of rock'n'roll From tiny pubs with firsttime singers to golf courses and rugby pitches where games were played in matching. vis gear — and, of course, to the main stages, ‘where the world’ top tribute artists could be {found — there wasacraving for pestlockdown, post-pandemic release ‘What is life even for, many of them yelled ‘over the music ifnot fora dressuup-andlet go, yyankceach-otherup-on-stage- and SING sense of abandon? “It lets us forget every: thing’ said Gina Vicar, 6, a small-business owner from ‘Melbourne whohad cometo the festival with a dozen friends. "With all that we've {gone through and what the ‘world is going through now, its great to see allthis joy” All over Parkes, from ‘Wednesday to Sunday, Elvi won over the Elvis {ithful, Toki Toyokazy, the singe from Sendai, Japan, was a crowd favorite; he won the festi- val6 formal competition in 2020, nd histeturn, seemed to signal apostCOVID.19 milestone Another performer, "Bolly wood Elvis" wear ing a gold jumpsuit featuring faux gems the size of Waffle House biscuits also seemed to ‘popup whenever energy flagged Hisreal name heaviness stousness gay /thallecceet tn very saline got courselargearea gas a ‘here gasped tchsprs he matching (orareted/gearcities/mainprcpal/stagerlatom Inatheave brecios/acveses/tateher tibuteartet Shyatwhodaysthemuskofaamussigs andpreandsio bethamn/cravingsong dese lockdown caren feleaseatsticexpesn, /toyelltoshat/todtessup odsgusooresa/tolet, let et goin xgt about everyting tofecorttto yank iopul ‘togo,went, gone though ociprece, oer towin,won, won ver ocoincetn seduce /fathd enya fans /formalofcia/mlestone meotant tent tinh performer artist /to feature tohave/ semprecious state /slzedmersns/ waffe ypeof urd tat Seeian Gena fom terstauart chan Vise House) /topop tptoarpex /toflagiogmnsy/ was Alfred Vaz, He moved to Australia from ‘what was then Bombay in 198, when he was amanagerforAirIndia,andhesaidhe had been «coming to Parkes since the festival began. This year, he brought his nephew, Callum Vincent, 24, amusic teacher from Perth, who smiled as he tookital in. “There's only one Elvis’ Vaz, 65, said Satur day morning as the festival's parade began. “There ae alt of pretenders and a lot of con- tenders, but there's only one Elvis” Except in Parkes, afor ‘met mining town in a coun- inywhereBvenever actually played a concert ‘A few minutes earlier, the ‘mayor and the area's local ‘member of Parliament had driven by, sitting on the back cof a convertible wearing "708 jumpsuits along with wigs and sunglasses. Vicar and her friends walked in the parade alongside, well, the Full range of Elvi Afew ofthe Elvis outfits on dad bods looked. pretty rundown or were ripped in unfortunate places. These were mostly the rugby Elvi, who had gathered Friday night foran annual match between the Elvis inspired “Blue Suede Shoes” and the “Ready Teddys” Doug Moore, 41, offically the water boy — which meant pouring bags of wine down the gullets of winded players — told me they ‘were enlisted early on inthe festival’ history to build support by wearing the same Elvis ‘outfit forthe entire festival weekend, totale, tok, takenintocxeneandabsot pretender pscn win strinatabestnsbese/ contender candace competi former, past/ actually resi, mayer ted ofc goverment/amarestn/ convertibles havo uchcanbecpenes/ alone with th’ wigflseha/ alongside rest, atthesdeot/ rangepancol utttercebicof thes costme/dadbod-= dad bodypscueot amiccle-agedman’ prettycite/ rundowninredcondto cet rted topes / Uortunataregettabl togather come othe, topourinsene(alqud)gulat thst / winded ted catoftrathatraphyscal acti) /toenlstiosenip/ Neppas confondre ‘cap! et cape"! ‘Batman wears acape. (une cape) Prononciation :cap > a'tike in'cat! cape >a" lke in ‘day’ ‘Tiffany Stee, the festival directorand daugh terof thefounders, Bob and Anne Stel confirmed their instrumental ole. In 2007, they helped get the Parkes festival nto Guinness World Records: 147 EvigatheredtosingLove Me Tender" breaks ing the previous record of 78 forthe “largest gathering of Elvis Presley impersonators” When youite from a town like this” said ‘Moore, a projet manager, fixing a wig that ‘wentalong witha skintight outfit including ‘cape, "You just have to get into it” Americans these days seem litle ess will ‘ng. Stone, Eivis former concert manager, said, growth in “Elvis culture” now came mostly from outside the King’s home country. ‘Taylor Rodriguez, 4, an American from Iynchburg Virginia, who was crowned the 2019 Ultimate Elvis Tribute Artist Champion by Evis, Presley Enterprises, noted that in the United States, dressing up wasoftenseenas disrespect. fulto vis legacy in America everything seems tobe more serious, whilein Australia filing to join in fora laugh isstill the bigger sin, “Idont think therésafestivalback home that compares to Parkes” Rodrigue said. “Here its pare — it’s ‘pure fun. ItSjust for the love of Evi. support asistance found pescrhocestesancipribaion/ Instrumental ate / previous. Aofishse toads skint vets vwilingenhusastc/ growth devon. {ocrownto ancure thsi Sowingnorespectlegacyretage/tofaltonctdosth/ sntarsgesion VOCABLE Ds23iinau6piletz2 * 1Société MARIA CRAMER | Sport | HI ETATS-UNIS] | > A2-BI operon inte ied sel cnthebossct 2, tue tcrnpriopton bdo te rents ee etd cineca ‘tty ecehngFafo pf ple 2 ‘Louisville Cardinals basketball team wear ‘that celebrate the Soth aniversary of Tle KSA) ams alas “More's Possibie"tees HOW WOMEN'S SPORTS TEAMS GOT THEIR START The origin of women's sports teams Before 1870, physical activity for American women was more recreational than competitive. The possibility of participating ina ‘competition was limited until federal legistation, commonly known as Title X, eventually becamelaw. It meant that American society was obliged to recognise the rights of women toparticipatein sports on an equal level tomen. From thenon, women started to formsports clubs and teams, On 23 June, the U.S. will celebrate the 50th anniversary of this game-changing law. 1.1922, Sybil Bauer, a student at North western University, swam the 440-yard backstroke in just under 6 minutes and 25 seconds, beating the record held by aman and shattering notions of women’ athletic abilities 2. Theachievement inspired Fthelda Bleibtrey, another swimmer, to warn men that a chal: lenge had been issued on “behalf of all wom- ankind against the supremacy of man in the ‘world of sports.” 9. “Eventually” she wrote in a 1023 magazine article, “women will win as many of these prizes as men.” Bauer, who was 19 when she ‘yard «916m backstroke styeo" sinringoe on condsback/tohal el eld hve, toretan Dotan” ‘wshattertotreskinn tlle ably cnact. 2.achievenentaccoibtrent/tawamtocauton to inom tolisue opve/onbehalfefnthenateot” women, 3. eventually ove tsomestagenthefutne/ ae auatdgven tbe winarctacompetbon! 2+ VOCABLE DL 2inav6jAle 22 ‘smashed the recor, set nearly two dozen swim ming records and won the gold medal in the ‘womens backstroke at the g24 Olympics, before dying of cancer at 23. 4s for Blebtrey's prediction, it would take neatly five decades for many women to get the kinds of opportunities that men had to compete for championship laurels, 5. Before 1972, when Congress passed Title IX, Socbidding sectased discrimination insparts bout 30000 womenplayed collegesports About204,000 «ils were playing high choo! sport in 17, com- ‘pared with 37 million boys, according tothe Na tional Federation of State High School Associations tosmashiotreak/toset st stio stab “casforvithegatn./decadeperdttenyens kind Sorte laurelshonax, sucess 5. tafe, forbade forbidden oban topo’ collegaunersty highschool x7co he UST cic aged 8 /acorngtoasstecieooredy. 6. Ahalf-century later, the numbers are far closer. In 2019, 3.4 million girls participated in high school sports, compared to 45 million boys. in2021, more than 219,000 women participated in college sports, making up 44% of college athletes, according to the National Collegiate Athletic Association. ‘THE FIGHT CONTINUES 9. Title [X, which was extended to transgender athletesin 2oai, tums 500n June 23,an anniver sary that has prompted historians and athletes to reflect on the long and continuing struggle for equality in women's sports ©. Inthe late 1gth century, female educators in American high schools and colleges began form “far uch /tomake,made,madevp orenresnt 7. totum abecome, teach heagect to prompt once ‘oraectontothnicbout/strugglebste combat Ssatwend(/ ‘foci AZ moyen B2-C1/ 8 #cficleC-C2@ retowerplusdinfosdanslaneusletterVocable www.vocable.fi/aewsletter ‘ng teams for girls and women to play sports like softball and basketball sad Susan K.Cahn, historian atthe University at Buffalo and the ‘author of a book on gender and sexuality in ‘women’ spots. ‘8. They sought a space for female athletes to flourish, and wanted to avoid the corruption ‘they saw growing in men’s sports, where gam- ‘bling was becoming prevalent, she said 10, Rules were modified so that women would “adhere to stricter social norms” said Chris Beneke,aprofessor of history at Bentley Univer- sity-Inthe ealy 900s, men began coaching and «developing women’ sports teams as the public ‘grew more interested ‘Inturn some newsetitorials began ‘sounding alarm bells, Cahn said Critics “raised the question come masculine,” she said, “would women defeat men and themale sense of superiority?” 1 Last month, Sheree Bekker, ‘who lectures on health and sports ‘medicine at Bath University in Eng- land, made a provocative argument for why ‘women’s sports teams were formed: to protect ‘men. “Women's sport exists asa category be- ‘cause the dominance of men athleteswasthreat ‘ened by women competing” she sai in a wide- Iyshared Twitter thread. 18, Bekker wrote the thread after Lia Thomas ‘won thes00 yard freestyleat the NCAA women's ‘swimming championship in March, becoming thefirsttransgenderwoman to win the compe- tition and intensifying the debate about the softbalmotbasbalplayedonasmar pth wth legerandsorerbal 9 toseak sought sought look ox tony toa space ‘sce/t flours toch wl tossed toavoidtoke=> ‘vayfom/topowgren,growntoncesse/togamble {orekmoneyonagarmect nce (hethereaitota perth ‘ent /prevalene videspea, cariresent 10. rerun tocoach otc /togrom. ew, ‘own (more interested) obecaremare mesial ‘inturnasaenit/news editor eysoapr/to sound {oii torase torpor consdratontscusion/ whether oct todefeat beat cranes "-tolecture oleae (at vrs) /healtpysaland rmeralwel-berg argument case eso totreaten to ‘mera widely exes. tosharehe, {oconmarcatefechangewihcthe'o=ole/ thread arson onsooalmeda 1S.NCAA= National Collate Athletic Assocation sstonwhichrepitessucenahleis/ datas socate “Beem inclusion of trans women in female sports Bekker sid that she was trying to provide ‘an- therinterpretationof why women sprtexists asa category” 14. Historically, the sports world has not re- sponded favorably when women beat men she said in an email. In 190, figure skater Madge Syersbecame the firstwomantocompere athe ‘World Figure Skating Championships, where she beat two men forthe silver medal'She was theonlyone to skate the lop change loop with- ‘out amistake” The Pittsburgh Press reported. UNEQUAL TREATMENT '6. Thefollowing year, the international Skating ‘Union barred women from the competition, concluding, in part, that a judge may not score faitly if he were romantically ‘involved with afemaleathlete, and that twas generally “difficult to ‘compare wornen with men” In 1906, the frst women's compe titionwas held 6. In March 13, Jacke Miteh- ll,at7-yearold girl from Tennes- SPA) see known for her curve ball, was signed to aone-year contract with the Chattanooga Lookouts, an all male minor Jeague baseball team. The next month, when the ‘eam faced the New York Yankees, she struck out Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig, 1, Rumors swirled that the strikeouts were staged. Soon afterthe game, Kenesaw Mountain Landis the first baseball commissioner, voided hhercontract,some believe from embarrassment. 1. Since Titk [Xwas passed, women have been competitive with men atthe elt level in fields like rock climbing, surfing and endurance sports, like ultra running and biking, Their ‘toprovide toot, torespond tora /iureskaterscotsaron who cexcatesdancemoverentsen ce /slvermetalcelerent (Srbal=ag) nee mel fr thepesonuocoreszrna Competition ioopchangedance movement te ska. 1S tobartotan too /toscare opverarts/faiy ‘ssh qutat/tobeimeled wits hae, otena relaorship wit tool eld hed toreise 6 cunvebaliayoftronngatainbaseblith axed ‘raetorysothatk smrediat oh tostikg, stuck, stuck out nbesebal oeimatea pet afters to hnethebal 3tmes "toswitocalte/stkanutcliratin /tostageto cvgance,tfate/commissioneroficaloason/tovedt> anu level stand /feld doin, here spat /rockelimbing spotofscendngthesdecfamauranvtockfaeusng ‘pesaleaupnat fof e is Pons Tennis has the lowest gender pay gap in sport today Butt was not until successful and respected names inthe sport, such as Bille Jean King and Serera Willams, helped instigate change towards closing the gender pay gap. In 2007, al four malor Grand Slam ‘Tournaments awarded equal prize ‘money inboth male and female draws. ender pay gap dierencebetueonsatesot ‘enard wonen /toinstigateto rate enc, here toghersto/toawardto ge (sa piz)/ raw shee (cone of matches tobeslayed ‘achievernents have led some to ask, Should we star integrating more professional sports? 18, Chad Carlson, an associate profesor of kine siology at Hope College, said administrators should at least consider the question where ‘women appear to have equal if not greater ad- vantages, like endurance sports, or those like fencing and shooting, where specific skis are ‘emphasized over strength and speed. 20. “Why wouldn't we?" he said. “If greater ‘opportunity to participate has led to greater performance, why won't we allow females to participate with males to further exploce the ceilings of performance?” @ 1 assoclateprofessoruesstypnes/ administrator deci great me tending por of \Gingenépteto atid shooting parol ng ‘analatarget/ sll compete ably eotide/ to ‘emphasize ogvemare mpatarceio/ strength oe 20. toallow topes theese furthermore! ‘ing it ‘SURLEBOUTDELALANGUE VOCABLEDLZ3pinousplet 2024 13,Zoom sur. Lapersonnalitéde a quinzainea la loupe Serena Williams The American tennis player, Serena Williams, revolutionised the women's game, by imposingher style of playing and by winning more Grand Slam singles titles than any other man or woman since 1968. Along with her sister, ‘Venus, she made history in thesport and and should be returning to play at Wimbledon 2022, aftera year away fromthe courts. Prodigious child her ister Venus, Asa result, she bagged the 7 Serena Williams was born on 26 ‘world no.1 ranking, dethroning her sister from Record-breaking September 198, in Saginaw Michigan, he topspot. player taFRchardWilams and Oracene Price. championshipcompetion/tadefeat tobest/to She stheonly tennis playerto ever Shewas theyoungestoffivesibings.alsisters. agtoveceve beanarded wih renkingposion accomplish a golden carer grand sam insnges ‘She has three half-sisters from her mother's. inagradedscale, anddoubles. In 2016, she eamed $28.9 millionin side and onefull-sister, Venus Willams. A Aessfetion/top prize money and endorsements and tus became pkgous chil, yourg Wiliams took to Faying spotiisilace, thehighest paid femaleathiete that yar. {emis at theageof four alongwith her sister. Soon thereafter, they attended the tennis smepeawe donne s cert sit, zn rrake (rane) /endorsementPererec0 academy of Rck Macc, who polished thet id dled caer aera inborn slsandtalen Celebrity friendships siblings trothes and/or ssters/to take, took, ‘taken totostart along together with thereafter ‘giartot/ irationa mbeostioentat/achaneay Serena Willams’ wedding to Reddit school her taring cents /topolishheretorefne / o-founde Alexis Ohanian in ineborn innate skill ability, capacty. November 2017 was attended by ‘Adisters such as, Beyonce, 1AY-Z, Eva Longoria, ‘tennis star Caroline Wozniacky LaLa Anthony, Serena and Kelly Rowand, and kim Kardashian, In May Venus 2018, Williams was famousty one of the VIP ‘The ste learned tennis ‘ 3 ‘guests at Meghan Markle’ royal wedding to ‘rom ther father onthe public Prince Hany, ‘courts inLos Angeles Setena turned professional in 1995, one year after mee reaps cra” Ate fae tac Vans Poet celerty/ VIP=veryimportant person/ vest powerful serves and around teitedpersn, strokes and superb athleticism, ‘they bath attracted much Other talents attention. At the 1999 SOpen, Apat from playing tenis, she has they won the doubles event, and, expandedher brand powerto fms, ‘over the course oftheir careers, ‘efevisin and fashion She launched thetwo teamed up forl4Grand herown tne of clothing anda signature Slam doubles titles ‘collecton of handbags and iewelley. toturniobocome /senve sno, brand image, raderatk/fashionstyle/ signature int emisstoke ground characersic/Jewelleny decorative accessories won Stroke rchareoe backhand | onthebody nes, neckars bales) shotaftertheball bounces once Se rpcie rae Back for Wimbledon ? back arundthe basen | : ‘Wiliams hase playedin a tennis athlatilsm athlete physique ‘oumamentsincelast year's andablity/toteam upto ‘Wimbledon, retiringin the first round ial inaene A due to an ankle injury. Rumours sparked of her [[002,—~SNO” potential retirement, especially after hercoach, 2002 | Patick Mourataglou announced he woul work The year 2002 was ‘ul-time with former World No.1, Simona Hale. spectacular But Willams responded in an instagramvideo year for Serena | ‘tat she willnt,in fact, be retiring. Her fans ‘as she won the French / ‘expect her to return for Wimbledon in June, ‘Open, Wimbledon and the USOpen. inthe finals ofall } ‘orate towithdeaw fomone’s professionali / three Grand Sam ane joint vetweenthe leg and the foot/njury physical damage to sparktospread. ‘championships she defeated 6 VocABLEDUZjonav6jlt2072| Armes | EJ ETaTS-UNIS } | o> B2-C1 BASIC RECORDING On the Basic recording, wehear senator Chris Murphy's impassioned plea ‘to his peers tomake a change in US gun legislation. CDaudloou téléchargement MP3 (surabonnement) (GLENNTHRUSH 2 © | ‘Gunshavebecome the leading cause of death for Americans. (ok U.S. GUN PRODUCTION TRIPLES SINCE 2000, FUELED BY HANDGUN PURCHASES ‘On 24 May, a primary school shooting in Texas resutted in the deaths of 19 children and 2 teachers. The UShas had 246 mass shootingsso farin2022, and this number may rise between writing this and going topprint. For several years, numerous reports hhavehighlighted the gigantic quantity of armsin circulation in the United States. A new report shows that the production of arms hhas tripled since 2000. Will the country finally adopt better gun control legislation? he United States is in the middle of a great gun-buying boom that shows no sign of letting up as the annual ‘number of fitearms manufactured has near ly tripled since 2000 and spiked sharply in the past three years, according to the first ‘comprehensive federal tally of guncommerce in two decades. ‘The report, released by the Bureau of Alcohol, ‘Tobacea Firearms and Explosives — three days afteramass shooting in Buffalo, New York left 10 dead — painted a vivid statistical portrait of ‘nation arming itself tothe teeth Buyers capital: seattle latletupostopocamsoon/ to smanufecture tomate tprede/tospke 0 g01p farataly/ sharply cose accorng tas .at/ reaxtedty. compreensivecorplete chaste tally xtofcountngthenambeofstcalaiston twralaasatpbish/massshoating nce where rmanypecbewectsorgunvidence det ‘ptalize onto tskeoderageotto poten {ed on the loosening of gun restrictions by the Supreme Court, Congress and Republican- controlled state legislatures. ‘The data documented a drastic shift in com: sumer demand among gun owners that has had profound commercial cultural and politi «al implications Starting in 2009, Glocktype semi-automatic handguns, purchased for personal protection, began to outsell rifles, ‘which have been typically used in hunting. Embedded in the 306-page document was another statistic that law enforcement offi loosening act of maknglesstic eatin. datastttis/tedocumant treo, 0 shown sanpar wth tot/ shiftchang/consumercsimer/ ‘owner one /tooutsa, sold soldtosel marerand Intarthar/eifltypect organ bunting tng id sninabtartcod toembediointgcts odie /lawenforcement svenmertagenisichraesurelgnsaeobeyed/ Gals find especially troubling, Police recov: ered 19344 privately manufactured firearms, untraceable homemade weapons known as “ghost guns, in2021,a tenfold increase since 2016. Law enforcement officials say that has contributed to the surge in gun-telated Kill ings, especially in California, where ghost guns make up as many as half of weapons recovered at crime scenes, ‘The numbers released revealed an industry ‘onthe rise, with annual domestic gun produc tion increasing from 39 million in 2000 to 113, rnlion in 2020. relatively small percentage of ‘guns produced domestically are exported over official gersmert apace /tarecoveroin/weapon {eam /tenfoldtiiedy is inease ausreniton rie sugesucde se /tomoke, made madeupto resent onthe sera nes /domestratonal/ oversaas arog octercaues/ VOCABLEDS23jin aus jie 2022 18(@Q Tetecrargeztapplivocabieotertednos abomés| www.vocable.fi/applimabile VIDEO BONUS ‘ascaultrifies. www.vocable fr/videos-angtals, President Joe Biden addressed the nation on the 2ndot June to ‘denounce gun violence. He asked Congress tolimit the sale of seas sothose numbers are an accurate reflection of gun-buying habits, according to ATE officals ©. Currently, there ate around 400 million guns inthe United States, according toa 2018 survey conducted by the nonpartisan Small Arms Survey, which monitors gun ownership. ‘1 Thestatstcs called by ATFsresearch division from industry academic and government ex- perts offered few major surprises. Many of the broader contours and conclusions have been ‘widely known through other sources or anec- dotall for months, even years. «6 Butthe report’srelease nonetheless represents a significant victory foradvocates of gun contra While Democrats have failed at their larger agenda of limiting easy accesso firearms, espe- ially semi-automatic rifles, they are succeeding ingraduallypllingback an informationalblacke coutcurtainthathas obscured gun commerce data since George W. Bushs administration. ‘A year ago, President Joe Biden ordered the ATE, an undersized agency with the oversized acawate recs /habt stim wal pactice/ATE «Buea (tAhol Teac FrearreandEslosies. 6 crete athe mae survey polity? ‘tweondittacaryautiog /tomentor ocarol “tac cole /brad wide / widely goal through S.nonethelessnoterhcbss althesare/signifcant ‘porant/advocatsuncrtr dfenda/ weve to falltonatsueed /agenanotiectie panel ogame? ‘maduallyprages topullback ne, toonen/ Blackouteurancotan wen docsoallgh eto pullback acurtain‘orevelthhicentompxblivew/ ‘administration cement 8 undersizedsal oversize rorrs/ ‘SURLEBOUTDELALANGUE 16+ VOCABLE Din ubjulet202 taskofenforcing thena- tion's gun laws and regulations, to collect and analyze 20 years of ‘gun data after a series of mass shootings around the country. 10. Inthe introduction to the report, Gary M. Restaino, the bureau's interim director, wrote that the purpose of re- leasing the data was to “prevent diversion of these firearms from the legal tothe iegal market” 1 The report, while eagerly anticipated is com sidered ess consequential than acoming analy- sis weapons used tocommit crimes —wihich ‘will tap law enforcement, academic and public health sources —tooffer an equally comprehen- sive picture of trafficking patterns, DEMAND MORE CONTROL 12, That report is expected to highlight the rokeofillegal straw purchasers —legal buyers ‘who sell weapons to people barred from pur chasing handguns — and perhaps identity federally licensed dealers who are responsible for selling the greatest number of weapons later used in crimes. 18, The gun industry has long resisted the dis- closure of some firearms data collected by ATE. ‘Asseries of Republican-sponsored measures, pushed by the National Rifle Association, e- strictsofficalsat the bureau from eleasingtrace dara and other information tothe publi. 14. The boom in gun production appears to have ‘been partly driven by the expiration of the as- toenforstoimynseomskesuea law especie’ replationngrstiction 10 purposeci B2-C1 Professionals from the food industry talk about the situation InUkraine since the Russian invasion. wwmvocable.fr/videos-anglals Eee THE COMING FOOD CATASTROPHE Is the threat to the global food system leading us to famine? ‘Atthe World Food Summit heldat the headquarters of the UN inNew York, the ‘Secretary-General, Anténio Guterres, declared that the number of people suffering, from irregular food supplies has doubled in only two years, with more thanhalfa million experiencing famine. The war inUkrainehas accelerated the process adding tothe other already existing factors: climate change, pandemic and inequality. ‘will destroy the lives of people far from the battlefield~and on a scale even he ‘may regret. The war is battering a global food system weakened by covid.g, climate change and an energy shock. Ukraine's exports of grain and oilseeds have mostly stopped and. Russia's are threatened. Together, the two countries supply 12% of traded calories. Wheat prices, up 53% since the star ofthe year, jumped a further 6% on May 16th, after India said it would suspend exports because of an alarming heatwave. |. battlefeldareawherecorbttake pace /seale dmenson evel eer /tobattertocarage/ global ‘woid/toweakantomskeweske moat/ollseed coos! Hlartswitnseedsich notte threaten tmerae.putin Sarge tosupply to provide tumen trade buy" sell exdarge (Corer /wheatgantromvhicieur ferbeadete made, further adda heatwave erect enveretyhot cr eater ‘SURLEBOUTDELALANGUE Notez la prononciation deces mots. accent tonique est indiaué en rouge.Le'e' final, indiqué en bleu, se prononce fee] catastrophe apostrophe epitome 22 VOCABLEDUZinout jet 202 2. The widely accepted idea of acostoFiving ctisis does not begin to capture the gravity cof what may lie ahead, Anténio Guterres, the LUN Secretary General, warned on May 18th that the coming months threaten “the spec tre ofa global food shortage” that could last for years. The high cost of staple foods has already raised the number of people who cannot be sure of getting enough to eat by ‘4gom, to .6bn, Nearly 250m are onthe brink of famine. If, as is likely the war drags on. and supplies from Russia and Ukraine are limited, hundreds of millions more people could fall into poverty. Political unrest will spread, children will be stunted and people will starve. TAKING ACTION 3. Mr Putin must not use food as a weapon. Shortages are not the inevitable outcome of war. World leaders should see hunger as a global problem urgently requiring a global solution, 2. widely corsroniy gely/ to capture to deronstate, represent tole laylamaheadtebecomregip nthe hes future/ UN = United Nations eo warm‘ocatio, alet/ shortage nice, ack/tolastto contin for 7 staple food as foo) /toraiseto nease/bn= billion (ane nousandmilen) on thebrink fone verge ot tobelikely‘obeprobate/todragon ogo on foralorgtime/ unrest agtaton/tospread, spread, spread oboccme revaetoxend/stunted ot fuly 04m topped om gouing/tostarvetoceot hung S.weaponaim,siumertfattack/ outcome reperecion consequence torequle nee 0 necesstate. 4, Even before the invasion the World Food Programme had warned that 2022 would bea terrible year. China, the largest wheat produce, hs said that, after rains delayed planting last year, this crop may be its worstever '5. Now; inadditiontothe extreme temperatures in India, the workds second:-langest produce, a lack of rain threatens to sap yields in other breadbaskets, from America’s wheat belt tothe Beauce region of France. The Horn of Africa is being ravaged by its worst drought in four decades. Welcome tothe era f climate change. 6. All this will have a grievous effect on the poor. Households in emerging economies spend 25% of theit budgets on food—and in sub-Saharan Africa as much as 40%. In Egypt bread provides 30% of all calories. In many importing countries, governments cannot af for subsidies to increase the help tothe poor, ‘large to delay torre late Son down/ op ‘agneatral lant 5. lack abserce /to sap todeplete veld erouction Tavest/breadbasket age ceeat-prodcina res ‘theHomn of Africa eon NE Aiea Somat and adjacent terres) drought pedo ry ot weather ‘ndlowrantal/daeadeperiodot tn years Sc grievus devastating severe / household dest, ‘aly toprovide oui bring oe /toafford 9 Taveenaighmoney{or/ subsidy trarclalad/te Increasetogo unite? ‘foci AZB/#¢ moyen B2-C1/ 8 #cificleC-C2‘especially if they also import energy—another ‘market in turmol 7.The crisis threatens to get ‘worse. Ukraine had already shipped much of last sum. TT ‘mer's crop before the war. Russia is still managing to sal its grain, despite added costs and risks for shippers. However, those Ukrainian hen silos that are undamaged by the fighting are full of corn, and barley. Farmers have nowhere to store their next harvest, due to startin ate June, which may therefore rot. And they lack the fuel and la bbour to plant the one after that. Russia, for its part, may lack some supplies of the seeds and pesticides it usually buys from the Eu- ropean Union. ‘obeintumall bein ames. “.toget, got, got worse tobaccmemoredct/to shiptosind,owor spatcr/ tomanage tobe abit, Sczedin’ grain seas / undamaged act /com ‘at (US), eel plants (68) baeyatypeot ass ‘ed er o0d/tostore ten sto /harvestcuting andgathering of plarts ors late rear heen of ‘hereforeasaresut,consequenth/tovet todecampose Host petal sasolne /lebourhers, waters / saad faitromwhicha plant gous. 8. In spite of soaring grain prices, farmers elsewhere in the world may not make up the shortfall. One reason is that prices are volatile. Worse, profit argins are shrinking, because ofthe surging prices offertilser andenergy. These are farmers’ main costs and both markets are disrupted by sanctions and the scram ble fornatural gas. If farmers cut back on fertiliser, global yieklswillbe lowerat just the ‘wrong time. 9. The response by worried politicians could make a bad situation worse. Since the war started, 23 countries from Kazakhstan to Ku: ‘wait have declared severe restrictions on food exports that cover 10% of globally traded calo- ries, More than one fifth of al fertiliser exports are restricted, IFtrade stops, famine willensue, inspteof esate of deste to soar tore joy andbyalage amount /tomake, made,mado ‘phar toprace enous toeampensatfor./ shortfall etc nateency/ volate changeable urtabe/to Shak, shrank shrunk minis rece /tosurge to brreacoconsderblyfetitsrsibstance ith nate, whieh makes sol mere etl main ncn ta ditt {oper destablse scramble dsngansedras to uteut cut backon reduce (ha consent). response eaction/toensue fallow. Q_ snéiorezwtreprononcitionen écovtant tous lesartlessurlesuppiément audiodelecture 10. The scene is set fora blame game, in which the West condemns Mr Putin fer his invasion ‘and Russia decries Western sanctions. Intruth the disruptions are primarily the result of Mr Putin invasion and some sanctions have ex: acerbated them. The argument could easily become an excuse for inaction. Meanwhile ‘many people will be going hungry and some willdie, 1 Instead states need to act together, starting by keeping matkets open. Importing coun- tries need support, t00,sothey donotend up being capsized by enormous bills. Emergency supplies of grain should go only to the very poorest. For others, import financing on fe ‘vourable terms, perhaps provided through the IMF, would allow donors’ dollars to go further. Debt relief may also help to free up vital resources. ORT-TERM S\ s 12. Immediate relief would come from breaking the Black Seablockade. Roughly 25m tonnes of ‘corn and wheat, equivalent tothe annual con: ‘sumption ofall of the world’ least developed. ‘economies, is trapped in Ukraine, Three cour: tries must be brought onside: Russia needs to allow Ukrainian shipping; Ukraine has to de ‘mine the approach to Odessa:and Turkey needs tolet naval escorts through the Bosporus. 13, That will notbe easy. Russa, struggling on the battlefield, is trying to strangle Ukraine's ‘economy, Ukraineisrelictant to clearits mines. Persuading them to relent will bea task for ‘countries, including Indiaand China, thathave sat out the war. Convoys may require armed. escorts endorsed by abroad coalition, Feeding. 2a fragile world is everyone's business. 10, the sceneieetforthecondtlonsarrpe oc the situations pect fo. tohacoen/ blame ee rexroach Hodeary a devour tocrtcse/intuthi ety ‘meanwhilecurngths ime inthemestine T.supporthen assistance /tocapstahere tobe ‘slbmeged 19 g0 nd fal emergency gestation ‘eermscarditons/ MF =International Monetary Ford /eoallow authors pert debt rllet spressonorreductonf at. 12 oughly appoxinately/consumptionheactot onsoming/ to trap iock,contne/tobring, brought, brought onside beinagisanert/tolet,let let ‘hough here toalow tanspotatin trough .tostrugglatohaveacificut ime /tostrangeto suffocate Felctant unuling etcent/taclearto remove.take ava teceanip /torelenttopilr, Change anes mind tosit,sat,sat out oe eu, ‘ot get nvcved/taendorse‘oback support / broad lage general soba VocABLe n Zine 272 « 23,