BSN 2 - B8

NUR 145 – LECTURE

SESSION 37

1. Which of the following is/are Type(s) of Refractive Errors?

A. myopia
B. hyperopia
C. Astigmatism
D. Presbyopia
E. All of the above
ANSWER: E
RATIO: All of the following choices are refractive errors.

2. Myopia and hyperopia can be classified as which of the following?

A. A problem that causes blurry vision
B. A refractive disorder
C. A refractive error
D. Ametropia
ANSWER: C
RATIO: It is a refractive error.

3. What is the name for a condition where the unequal (variable) curvature of the cornea or lens cannot
properly focus light onto the retina, resulting in incoming light rays focusing at different points?
A. Ametropia
B. Astigmatism
C. Emmetropia
D. Hyperopia
E. Myopia
ANSWER: B
RATIO: Astigmatism is a refractive error that creates asymmetric blur in the vision due to the irregular corneal
curvature/shape (corneal astigmatism) or the lens (lenticular astigmatism). Due to this condition, the light rays
that enter the eye fail to converge at a single focal point on the retina and form two foci instead.

4. The clinic nurse is preparing to test the visual acuity of a client using a Snellen chart. Which of the following
identifies the accurate procedure for this visual acuity test?

A. Both eyes are assessed together, followed by the assessment of the right and then the left eye.
B. The right eye is tested followed by the left eye, and then both eyes are tested.
C. The client is asked to stand at a distance of 40ft. from the chart and is asked to read the largest line on the
chart.
D. The client is asked to stand at a distance of 40ft from the chart and to read the line than can be read 200 ft
away by an individual with unimpaired vision.
ANSWER: B
RATIO: Visual acuity is assessed in one eye at a time, and then in both eyes together with the client
comfortably standing or sitting. The right eye is tested with the left eye covered; then the left eye is tested with
the right eye covered. Both eyes then are tested together. Visual acuity is measured with or without corrective
lenses and the client stands at 20ft. from the chart.

5. The clinic nurse notes that the following several eye examinations, the physician has documented a diagnosis
of legal blindness in the client’s chart. The nurse reviews the results of the Snellen’s chart test expecting to note
which of the following?

A. 20/20 vision
B. 20/40 vision
C. 20/60 vision
D. 20/200 vision
ANSWER: D
RATIO: Legal blindness is defined as 20/200 or less with corrected vision (glasses or contact lenses) or visual
acuity of less than 20 degrees of the visual field in the better eye.
6. The client’s vision is tested with a Snellen’s chart. The results of the tests are documented as 20/60. The
nurse interprets this as:

A. The client can read at a distance of 60 feet what a client with normal vision can read at 20 feet.
B. The client is legally blind.
C. The client’s vision is normal
D. The client can read only at a distance of 20 feet what a client with normal vision can read at 60 feet.
ANSWER: D
RATIO: Vision that is 20/20 is normal. that is. the client can read from 20 feet what a person with normal vision
can read from 20 feet. A client with a visual acuity of 20/60 only can read at a distance of 20 feet of what a
person with normal vision can read at 60 feet.

7. When using a Snellen alphabet chart, the nurse records the client’s vision as 20/40. Which of the following
statements best describes 20/40 vision?

A. The client has alterations in near vision and is legally blind.

B. The client can see at 20 feet what the person with normal vision can see at 40 feet.
C. The client can see at 40 feet what the person with normal vision sees at 20 feet.
D. The client has a 20% decrease in acuity in one eye, and a 40% decrease in the other eye.
ANSWER: B
RATIO: 20/40 (6/12) indicates that the line you correctly read at 20 feet (6 meters) away can be read by a
person with normal vision from 40 feet (12 meters) away.

8. Which of the following assessments would make the nurse suspect that a child has strabismus?

A. Tilts head to see

B. Turns head to see
C. Does not respond when spoken to
D. Has difficulty hearing
ANSWER: A
RATIO: A child with strabismus will tilt head to see. Strabismus is when the extraocular muscles have a lack of
coordination, so the eyes do not align. The patient may complain of frequent headaches and squint to see and
may need to go to surgery to realign the weak muscles if nonsurgical interventions do not work.

9. You are administering a Snellen chart test to a patient. What results would you expect to get if your patient
was legally blind?

A. 20/20 vision
B. 20/40 vision
C. 20/60 vision
D. 20/200 vision
ANSWER: D
RATIO: The patient would be considered legally blind if the result of the Snellen chart test is 20/200 vision.

10. A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old with a new diagnosis of strabismus. Which intervention should the nurse
anticipate?

A. Eye drops in the abnormal eye

B. Measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP)
C. Patching the stronger eye
D. Correction with laser surgery
ANSWER: C
RATIO: One common treatment is to strengthen the muscles of the weaker eye by wearing a patch over the
stronger eye or using special corrective lenses.