Group 16 Elements

The elements of group 16 have an electronic configuration of ns2np4 and have a

maximum oxidation state of +6. It has varying chemical and physical properties. The
preparation of dioxygen in the laboratory is carried out by heating KClO3 in the
presence of MnO2.

Occurrence of group 16 elements of the modern periodic table

Group 17 Elements
The elements of group 17 are found only in the combined state and are highly
reactive. The elements that belong to this group are Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine,
Iodine, and Astatine. Their highest oxidation state is +7, whereas the common
oxidation state is -1.

Group 18 Elements
The elements of group 18 are noble gases. Their valance shell electronic
configuration, except Helium, is ns2np6. The electronic configuration of He is 1s2.

Few Important Questions

1. Distinguish between red phosphorus and white phosphorus.
2. How many oxoacids does fluorine form? Why?
 3. Explain the manufacturing of sulphuric acid by the contact process.
4. Does the reactivity of phosphorous differ from nitrogen? Explain in detail.
5. What are the different chemical reactions involved in the preparation of nitrogen in the
laboratory?
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