44. The process by which organisms with | different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge, is called 1) Convergent evol 2) Non-random evolution n 3) Adaptive radiation 4) Natural selection 45. Deviation of a new population from a small isolated group of individuals that is genetically ifferent from the parent population is called I) bottleneck effect 2}Founder effect 3) Bohr effect 4) Hamburger effect Mechanism of evolution 46. Ancestor of man who first stood erect was 1yAustralopithecus 2) Cro-magnon 3) Java-ape man 4) Peking man 47. Chance elimination of alleles from a small population is an example of 1) Adaptation 2)Genetie drift 3) Speciation 4) Selection pressure 48, Sum total of genes in a population i 1) Genotype 2) Karyotype 3) Genetic constitution _4}-Gene pool 49. The figure shown below represents 1) Stabilizing natural selection 2) Directional natural selection 3 Disruptive natural selection 30. Statement 4) Genetic drift T 2 Sum total of all the alee na population is 1. frequencies :Variation due to genetic Statement - I drift results in changed frequency of geney and alleles in future generations. 1Both the Statements I & I are correct 2) Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect 3) Statement I is incorrect, statement II is correct 4) Both the statement I & I are incorrect Origin and evolution of man 51. The most accepted line of descent in human evolution is 1) Australopithecus, Ramapithecus, Homo sapiens, Homo habilis 2) Homo erectus, Homo habilis, Homo sapiens 3) Ramapithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo sapiens 4) Australopithecus, Ramapithecus, Homo erectus, Homo habilis, Homio sapiens 52. Human hand, wing of bat and flipper of whale represent 1) Analogous organs 2) Vestigial organs 3) Homologous organs 4) Atavistic organs SS ee eeeis and birds are analogous . \d birds are homologou in favour of organi related to which of the 4a. Darwin's finches provide excellent eviden, a evolution, These ary lowing evidences 3) Wings of insects and bat are analogous 2) Palacontology 4) Wings of insects and birds are homologou: amie 27. Fossils are dated by iy eee a 4) Biogeography 1) Chromatographic technique 44, Darwin’s finches are an excellent example gt 2) Amount of calcium residue ; 3) Association with other animal 1) Adaptive radiation 4) Radio-active carbon content 2) Seasonal migration 28, Homologous organs in 3) Brood parasitism 1) Convergent evolution Hera 2) Parallel evolution ies in ae Enema melee 35. Eyolution of different species in a given 4) Common descent area starting from a point and spreading to 29, Statement - 1 : Flippers of penguins and EO eee ae or dolphins are examples of homology. 1) adaptive radiation atement - II: Analogous structures are 2) natural selection the result of convergent evolution. “ 3) migration 1) Both the Statements I & II are correct 2) Statement I is correct, Statement II is 4) divergent selection 36. The classical example of adaptive radiation incorrect 3) Statement I is incorrect, statement II is during formation of new species is correct 1) Marsupials of Australia 4) Both the statement I & II are incorrect AyrmenRa Tae 30, Archaeopteryx suggests the evolution of 1) Birds from reptiles 2) Amphibians from fishes 3) Placental mammals of Australia 4) All the above 3) Mammals from reptiles 37. Mole-marsupial_mole, Anteater-Numbat, 4) Reptiles from amphibians Lemur-Spotted cuscus, Bobcat Tasmanian 31. Era of no life tiger cat, Placental wolf-Tasmanian wolf 1) Azoic era 2) Archaeozoic era are some common relative examples. It 3) Proterozoic era 4) Palaeozoic era shows all are the examples of 32. The number of geographical realms/ 1) Divergent evolution regions into which the earth surface has 2) Saltation been divided 3 04 3) Adaptive radiation 3)5 46 4) Convergent evolution PEEN DADDY aLEVEL - Origin of life and theories of evolution 1. Variations during mutations of meiotic recombinations are 1) Random and directionless 2) Random and directional 3) Random and small 4) Random, small and directional 2. In 1953, S.L. Miller created primitive earth conditions in the laboratory and gave experimental evidence for origin of first life form pre-existing non-living organic molecules. The primitive earth conditions created included 1) Low temperature, yolcanic storms, atmosphere rich in oxygen 2) Low temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere 3) High temperature, volcanic storms, non- reducing atmosphere 4) High temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere containing CHs, NH etc. 3. The idea of Natural selection as the fundamental process for evolutionary change was reached 1) Independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in 1900 2) By Charles Darwin in 1866 3) By Alfred Russel Wallace in 1901 4) Independently by Charles Darwin and ‘Alfred Russel Wallace in 1858 4. Change in frequency of allleles in a population results in evolution as proposed by 1) De Vries theory 2) Hardy-Weinberg principle 3) Darwin’s theory 4) Lamarck’s theory 5, Natural selection theory of Darwin states that 1) Environment does not play any role in evolution 2) Heritable variations arise through changes in gene complex of a species 3) Natural selection acts on favourable variations which appear among individuals of a species 4) Characters acquired during the life of an individual are inherited by its offspring 6. What is meant by the term “Darwinian fitness”? 1) Ability to survive and reproduce 2) High aggressiveness 3) Healthy appearance 4) Physical strength 7. Experiment to prove chemical basis of origin of life carried out by Urey and Miller used NH; and 1) HO and Ha 2) Ho, CHs and H20 3) CH, and HO 4) CH, and Orig is biggest dinosaur? B c ~ D DA 2B 3c 4)D 39. The figure shown below represents “rk Nf BPA a 1) Adaptive radiation in Galapagos islands 2y-Adaptive radiation of marsupials in Australia 3. Adaptive radiation of placental mammals in Australia 4) Convergent evolution 40. Which of the following is used as an atmospheric pollution indicator? 1) Lepidoptera 2} Lichens 3) Lycopersicum 4) Lycopodium 41. Adaptive similarities in animals of the same habitat constitute 1) Adaptive radiation 2) Parallel evolution 34 Convergent evolution 4) Divergent evolution 42, Amphibians evolved into reptiles with a major difference in that reptiles 1) lay thin shelled egg lay thick shelled egg 3) lay pectinated shelled egg 4) lay egg in water 43, Recognise the figure and find out the correct matehing a ‘Angiosperms| i: 1) a-psilophyton, b-tracheophyte ancestors, c-cycads, d-conifers 2y a-tracheophyte ancestors, b-psilophytons, c-seed ferns, d-cycads 3) a-psilophyton, b-tracheophyte ancestors, c-seed ferns, d-cycads 4) a-tracheophyte ancestors, b-psilophyton, c-cycads, d-seed fernsee 8. In 1953 S.L. Miller created similar condition in a laboratory scale. He created electric discharge in a closed flask containing CH, H2, NH; and water vapour and observed formation of amino acid at the temperature 1) 400°C 2) 100°C 3) 800°C 4) 1200°C 9. The present giraffe has a long neck as compared to its ancestors. Lamarck believed it could be due to 1) Natural selection 2) Isolation 3) Inheritance of acquired characters 4) Speciation 10. Match the columns I and Il, Column -1 Column - II I. Darwin A. England Tl. Oparin —_| B. H.MS. Beagle | Il, Haldane _ | C. Naturalist hw. Wallace D. Chemical evolution V. Miller E. Formation of Amino acids A B ic D E Nm mW rom y 2) ae nae 5) ee VT YZ 2) eV 11. According to Oparin, which one of the following was not present in the primitive atmosphere of the earth? 2) free oxygen 1) methane 3) hydrogen 4) water vapour ft ing sequences was . Which one of the following is proposed by Darwin and Wallace for organic evolution? 1) overproduction, variations, constancy of population size, natural selection 2) variations, constancy of population size, overproduction, natural selection 3) overproduction, constancy of population size, variation, natural selection 4) variations, natural selection, overproduction, constancy of population size 13, Weismann cut off tails of mice generation after generation but tails neither disappeared nor shortened showing that 1) Darwin was correct 2) tail is an essential organ 3) mutation theory is wrong 4) Lamarckism was wrong in inheritance of acquired characters 14, Which one of the following is incorrect about the characteristics of Pprotobionts (coacervates and microspheres) _ as envisaged in the abiogenic origin of life? 1) they were partially isolated from the surroundings 2) they could maintain an internal environment 3) they were able to reproduce 4) they could separate combinations of molecules from the surroundings 15, According to the theory of Panspermia resistant spores of life are 1) Spermatozoa 3) Cosmids 2) Cosmozoa 4) Cosmosre ce i oa ae aa on 2 6 it, » LEVEL — ; Variations caused by mutations, as 5, Among the following sets chen a proposed by Hugo devries, are(NEET 2019) evolution, select the incorrect OpSON-” i 4 1) random and directional 1) fore limbs of man, bat and checta 2yrandom and direction less 2) heart of frog, man and reptile 3) small and directional 3}Bye of octopus, bat and man 4) small and direction less 4) Brain of bird, man and frog Ina species, the weight of new born ranges from 6. Which of the following is the ae Ti 2 to 5 kg, 97% of the new born with an average of events in the origin of life? (/ ) weight between 3 to 33 kg survive where as 1. Formation of protobionts > 99% of the infants born with weights from 2 to Il. Synthesis of ¢f organic monomers 2.5 kg or 45 to 5 kg die. Which type of selection IIL, Synthesis of organic polymers > process is taking place? (NEET 2019) a poe oe wen a aad x é 11, 1, M1, pee 1) cone See Il, 11, IV, 1 4) 1, TH, I, IV ear 7. The chronological order of human 3) disruptive selection evolution from early to the recent is 4) cyclical selection 1 Ramapithecus > Australopithecus > The similarity of bone structure in the Cea ee forelimbs of many vertetbrates is an 2) Ramapithecus > Homohabilis > ee (NEET 2018) Australopithecus > Homoerectus 1)4lomology Den 3) Australopithecus > Homohabilis > 3) Convergent evolution 4) Adaptive radiation Heer ener ea ara ; 4) Australopithecus > Ramapithecus > ig to Hugo de Vries the mechanism Homohabilis + Homoerectu: a . IS of evolution is (NEET 2018) Re In Hardy Wenner ae ne 1) multiple step mutations ofh ish inal eres ee ‘eterozygous individual is represented by 2ysaltation (Single step eee wlitetions 192 pa 2) pq 3) minor mutation “*Hed SoSbatiens) 3a 4p pe eames 9. Genetic drift operates in 1) large isolated population 2) non reproductive population 3) slow reproductive population 4ysmall isolated population‘©. The origin of primordial life on the earth Was associated with 1) the origin of universe 2) the origin of species 3) the origin of prokaryotes 4) the ori in of eukaryotes 17. The atmosphere of primitive earth was 1) Reducing atmosphere 2) Oxidising atmosphere 3) Condensing atmosphere 4) Polymerising atmosphere 18. Coacervates and microspheres are 1) Protocells 2) Protists 3) Protobionts 4) Protozoans 19. The primitive earth’s atmosphere was reducing atmosphere because 1) Oxygen was abundant of all 2) Carbon was abundant of all 3) Helium was abundant of all 4) Hydrogen was abundant of all Evidences of evolutio 20. Which of the following are homologous organs? 1) Wings of bird and wings of insect 2) Wings of bat and wings of cockroach 3) Wings of bird and hand of human 4) Nail of human being and claws in animals 21. The bones of forelimbs of whale, bat, cheetah and man are similar in structure, because 1) One organism has given rise to another 2) They share a common ancestor 3) They perform the same function 4) They have biochemical similarities 22, Tasmanian wolf is a marsupial while wolf is a placental mammal. This shows 1) Convergent evolution 2) Divergent evolution 3) Parallelism 4) Inheritance of acquired characters 23. Homologous organs show 1) Divergent evolution 2) Convergent evolution 3) Parallel evolution 4) Both (2) and (3) 24. What is incorreet for evolution? 1) Fossils provide important information 2) Early development stages of higher animals are similar 3) Fore limbs of cows and wings of birds are homologous 4) Variations among individuals are not important in natural selection 25. The figure shown below represents 34 Cucwrba 1) Analogous organs 2) Homologous organs 3) Vestigeal organs 4) Living fossils