1 ae Gateway to your desired future GENERAL KNOWLEDGE BRAM BA Admission Test In-depth Review of most | Selected fram the most recent | “Just the right” tested G.K topics Pee ae eres) you need for G.K tests Lise applicable f é MNCs JOB RECRUITMENT TESTTable Of Contents ROMAN NUMERALS... WORLDS TEN LARGEST COUNTRIES THE CONTINENTS: HIGHEST MILITARY AWARDS... WORLD ATOMIC POWERS WORLD'S FIVE HIGHEST MOUNTAIN PEAKS. IMPORTANT GEOGRAPHICAL SURNAMES. SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD IMPORTANT PLACE Quiz 1. (GEOGRAPHICAL EPITHETS .. ‘SOME INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS. IMPORTANT NEWS AGENCIES OF THE. IMPORTANT WORKS AND THEIR AUTHORS... CHANGED GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES OF COUNTRIES, TOWNS,ETC. READING AND WRITING LARGE NUMBERS. COUEUREREOU ED ‘SPECIALIZED AGENCIES OF UNO.. NOBEL PRIZE 204: LARGEST AND SMALLEST IN THE WORLD. FIRST IN PAKISTAN TOURIST SITES IN PAKISTAN... Quiz 4. WORLD HISTORY. IMPORTANT DATE! GREAT PERSONALITIES OF THE WORLD. quiz GREAT PERSONALITIES OF THE PAST. PERSONALITIES OF PRESENT AGE .. (GOVERNOR GENERALS OF PAKISTAN. PRESIDENT OF PAKISTAN PRIME MINISTERS OF PAKISTS CHIEF MARTIAL LAW ADMINISTRATORS OF PAKISTAN. FIRST GOVERNORS OF THE PROVING! GENERAL HISTORY OF PAKISTAN AGLANCE AT PAKISTAN'S POLITICAL HISTORY. MEASURE AND MEASUREMENTS. INVENTIONS: AND INVENTORS CAPITALS AND CURRENCIES Quiz RISSSEGESSRASSELEBRNIBAGRADS: GK BOOK ion continent) Asia North America 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Page 3IBAGRADS: GK BOOK HIGHEST AND LOWEST CONTINENTAL ALTITUDES Continent Highest Feet * Lowest Feet* Point Elevation —_ Point below sea level Asia ‘Mount Everest 29,028 Dead 1,312 (Nepal-Tibet) ‘South America ‘Mount Aconcagua (Argentina) North America ‘Mount McKinley (Alaska, USA) ‘Mount Kilimanjaro (Tanzania) (* Only important figures are given) Asia Eu South America rali Out of the world’s total populati 1.57 bil cS) KO ‘Order of the Rising Sun Param Vir Chakra S The Legion of Honour ATOMIC POWERS USA, |, Fral |, Russia, Pakistan, India and North Korea red mi or Page 4IBAGRADS: GK BOOK WORLD'S FIVE HIGHEST MOUNTAIN PEAKS Name of peak Height” [Height*| Range ‘Country Date of ] (Feet) | (Meters) ‘Accent | | 7. Mount Everest 79028 | 6845_| Himalaya _| Nepa 29 May 1953__| 2. K-2 (Godwin Austin) | 28250 | 8610 | Karakoram_| Sakari n 31 July 1954 | 5. Makalu | (Only important figures are given.) IMPORTANT GEOGR; Land of Rising Sun Land of Rivers ‘Land of White Elephants | Thailand Land of thousand Lakes Finland: Land af Golden Fiber Land of Many Races City of the Dead City of Palaces City of Bazaars City of Popes City of Lights City of Eagles Faisalabad (Pakistan Kashmir Valley Penang (China)Pritipines ‘Syciney (Australia) ERS OF THE WORLD Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, The statue stands 39.6 the peak of the 700-m (2296-foot) Corcovado oe between 70 and 72 AD and was completed in nat spectators, the Colosseum was used for gladiatorial iftaise for nearly 500 years. fall is the world's longest human-made structure stretching over tury BC — 16th century "Old Peak") is a pre-Columbian Inca city located at 2,430 m jg above the Urubamba Valley in Peru, Machu Picchu was City of Mosques: ed into the rock. The iong-hidden site was revealed to the Western Ludwig Burckhardt in 1812 6 TheTaj Mahal ‘um located in Agra, India, that was built under Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory rite wife, Mumtaz Mahal, Initial estimates for the cost of the works of 4,000,000 rupees hi to Bere ar oo pees 7 The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza Necropolis bordering what is now Cairo, Egypt in Africa, and is the only remaining member of the Seven Wonders of the World, Page 5IBAGRADS: GK BOOK IMPORTANT PLACES ‘Adam's bridge: The 17-mile long bridge is a line of rocks and sand banks between India and Srilanka. ‘Agra: Located in Utter Pradesh on Yamuna River, it is famous for Taj Mahal, Fort, Pearl Mosque, Sikandara and the tomb of Akbar. ‘Ajmer: Located in Rajasthan, is a pilgrim centre for Muslims. The the 12” century Sufi saint who was a descendant of Hazrat Ali, i known as “Gharib Nawaz" Al-Aqsa Mosque: It is considered to be Istam’s third holi (old city). Alexand Allahabad: A famous town in Uttar Pradesh; important pl rivers the Ganga, the Yamuna and the Saraswati. F ‘Aurangabad: A town of Maharashtra State, it awaja Moin-ud-din Chishti, Khawaja was popularly the wall city of Jerusalem Great. du pilgrimage; confiuence(Of three dd address (Allama Igbal .f ora and/Ajanta cave which are approachable from this place. It also has the tomb and his wife. This mous for ‘sarees’ 4 X . Babylon: Located 88 km south of Ba " orking feverishly to salvage the Yemains of this ancient center of the arts, science and B bon taki wasie by Winds and man. There is nothing left of the ancient hanging Ge he Biblical Tower of abel \Around 699 BC the city was destroyed by the Assyrians, eb nso ‘during the reign of King Nebuchadnezzar who flouri fer the g here in 322 BC. Big Ben: It is the big clock inst e parliament House building in Landon. Bombay: It is the capital of d is known as the G: India Brunei: An oil rich Mustim Sul ‘acific Island of Born me the 159" member of the United Nations on September 21, rmer British protector ined independent status as a sovereign nation on December 31, Bangkok: The capitaefThailand, which was onde known fenice of the East, is sinking at the same rate as “the er Notes by 2000 AD, if nothing is done. According to Thai Go was sinking five to ten centimeters a year. This was due to the subsidence caused ler from zs wells, Basra: The birthplace of Jes saute a In since Queen Victoria's accession in 1873. State arithis an important commercial and industrial centre of in Maryland. It was summit site in as a “partner” with ent in West Asia. American President Jimmy Carter, Prime Minister Menachem Begin had negotiations in Israel to agree to sign a peace treaty. is the missile launching center and headquarters of National (NASA), It has been named after John F. Kennedy, the former Ig it tiouses the Senate (the parliament of United States of America). er, Chowé literaily means ‘Moonlit Square’ - the square was designed in front e Red Pat Mughal Emperor Shahjahan’s daughter Jahanara sometime around 1650CE. A main tes square was a pool at its centre, which supposedly reflected moonlight towards the Fort Thea jorthem India’s largest trading center and can be found at, and surrounding, the main street in Old Ds ‘Chashma: Located 320 km north of Rawalpindi is the site where Pakistan's nuclear power project is to be allocated. Chichen Itza: was a large pre-Columbian city built by the Maya people of the Teminal Classic ... purchased by the state of Yucatan. Chichen Itza is one of the most visited archaeological sites in Mexico, Durand Line: it forms the 2640-km (wiki) border between Afghanistan and Pakistan. Formed in 1893, Page 6IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Eiffel Tower: Located in Paris (France) is 986 feet high(roof). It is now used as a wireless communication center. Empire State Building: Located in New York, it is one of the world’s tallest buildings, 1250 feet high plus a 222 feet television and FM radio-transmitting tower. It has 102 stories. Geneva: An important city in Switzerland was the venue of the su Ronald Reagan, and the Soviet ieader. It houses headquarters of as, 170 other international organizations. Golden Temple: & famous temple of Sikhs at Amritsar (Punjab), fourth Guru of the Sikhs, Great Wall of China: Built by successive Chinese em 770 BC to the Ming dynasty (1368-1664) to keep out in) defense against nomadic tribes, it has numerous large’ totals up to 50,000 km in length. The circumference of th the U.S. President, Mr. as nine UN agencies and over wilt by Guru Ramdas, the jore than 2,000 years from Designed specially as a various sections of the wall ,000 km. If ail the bits of id, ancient India. “\ 0 ioe.6F Japan’, ved by the 1945. Thisfed to the ‘War I ea “Gh y because of what ians by Go nt troops” trying to ‘Mosque slf was built b jiehan. in Bihar, ifen and s te ges fe Tata Iron & Stee! was oGcupied iotwe 1967 was, is a place of lusiims, The Al Aqsa days and the wailing wall are located Harappa: Situated near Sahiwal in Pakistan is Harare: The capital of Zimbabwe. its earlier name i ‘The capital of the province in residents describe as “bloody and put down rebels Known as the “T: Jama Masjid: Located in Delhi, i Jamshedpur: it is an industrial Go. Ltd. are located here. Jerusalem: The old and anci these are known for anc bh highest waterfalls in the word. ighway, sets Past in rg Sa er ‘Pass Linking Pakistan with Xingjian (Sin kiang) in : CY) San gitan wah norihsiecatont:Pakiston; world’s most spectacular high altitude terrain. USA and Canada in North America. It is world's second largest m7 rica. it fies in the Indian Ocean off the southeast coast of Africa S, which flows out of Lake Victoria in the heart of Aftica ‘of Karachi, it is in Larkana district (Sindh) of Pakistan. Excavations 1¢ British period led to traces of Indus Valley civilization, reported to be hington D.C, U.S.A. It is a five-sided building and the secretariat of the Pisa: A town in Italy. It is famous for the Leaning Tower of Pisa, which is one of the wonders of the world Qasre-Shirin: The border city of Iran. The once genteel mountain city was gutted by Iraqi artillery towards the end of December 1980. Quebee: A place of Canada Qutab Minar: The world's tallest freestanding stone: tower is located in South Delhi. QutbuddinAibak built (Quiab Minar in 1193 immediately after the capture of the city. Page 7IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Siachin Glacier: Located in Ladakh, it is the longest and largest glacier in the Himalayas. Situated at a height of18, 000 fest, itis located on the southem watershed of the Katakoram Highway which links the Chinese of Sin kiang with Gilgit. It lies close to the border with both Pakistan and China. Having some of the highest peaks in the world, it is 74 km in length and is 2 to 8 km in width at various places. Taj Mahal: Located near Agra, the marble-stone monument pleted by Mughal Emperor Shahjehan in memory of his favorite wife Mumtaz Mahal. Tashkent: The city of Lal Bahadur Shastn's martyrdom in the caus the Order of Lenin on the 260" anniversary of its founding, in Russian revolution and in World War Il. Now the capital of principal center for Russian trade with Central Asia during t Taxila: It is in West Pakistan. Excavations conducted at of Indus Valley Civilization, Wall Street: Located in New York in U.S.A. is important sto Waterloo: Located in Belgium is the place where thé British and the French. French had lost the battle a White Hall: It is located in London; it is the seat 0 residence of Queen of England White House: White House, official resi between 1792 and 1800, and situated through its history as the President's Pal ak amity has been awarded its populations role in the ppublic. Tashkent was the PageIBAGRADS: GK BOOK Quiz 1 Fill in the blanks: 1) The second largest country by area is 2) XVII stands for —————. 2) Largest country by population is —————. > 4) Lowest point of Asia is it 5) Highest military award in India is 6) K-2 (Godwin Austin) belongs to 7 15 called land of rising sun. 8) The coldest temperature recorded i 9) The name of the US president's (¢ 10) The length of china wall is ‘True and false: 1) The second largest 2) The largest country by 3) Lowest point of Sout 4) The highest 5) 8) a Page 9IBAGRADS: GK BOOK GEOGRAPHICAL EPITHETS Buffer State of Asia Japan | Land of rising Sun. Bangladesh | Land of golden fiber Land of thousand lakes Gibraltar Key to the Mediterranean | Site of ancient civilization a Namnelet Air Aus Tulaperne | Islamabad (Pakistan) Jeddah (Saudia) London (UK) ho IES OF TI AME OF AGENCY | HE WORLDIBAGRADS: GK BOOK IMPORTANT WORKS AND THEIR AUTHORS Daaskapial 1 Karl Mix Payam=-Mashng ‘Alarssiqbal [ Shakespeare, Wiliam | Shafnama-slam Hafeez iulundi [Jair [bnHayan = [All i ‘Allarralqbal [Allamalqbal [Allamaiqbal | Allamalghal Pieasant & Unpleasant | Shakespeare, item [ Shaw. GE, CHANGED GEOGRAPHICAL N OU fall ,ETC. ‘Angora (Turkey) ‘Ankara ¥ Mt ‘Abyssinia Ethiopia land Batavia Jakarta 'S. Rhodesia ‘Zim Persia n Canaveral Kenn Sand Hawaiian islands Constantinople Istanbul (Tur Fon Taiwan East Indies ‘indon Harare E ‘Arab Sri Lanka Gold Coast Ka Dacca Eire Vienna nm Bombay ‘Mumbai Tripoli Lyallpur (Pakistan) Faisalabad Pipri (Pakistan) Z Netherland Mess a ece) Athens Pek a n Yangon East na (indian State) Kamataka iwal (Pa ING AN WRITING LARGE NUMBERS the n: mber and t of zeros that would follow it when the number is written out, 1 zero 2 3. 1,000 4. Te nd 10,000 5 Hi thousand 100,000 6. Million ‘Zeros 1,000,000 7. Ten million i. 40,000,000 8. Hundred mil 100,000,000 9. Billion 1,000,000,000 10. Trillion 1,000,000,000,000 ciillion has 27 zeros decillion has 33 zeros, Nonillion has 30 zeros, googol has 100 zeros Page 11IBAGRADS: GK BOOK WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Weights ‘One kilogram = 2.205 pounds. Grams. 46 ounces = 1 paund (Ib) = 7,000 grains. One bale, cotton = 500 pounds in US and 730 pounds in Egypt. ‘One ton, gross or long (gross ton) = 2,240 pounds (Exactly) = S = 1,016 metric tons. Area e ‘One Acre = 43.560 square feet = 4,840 square yards = 0 (One square foot (fi?) = 144 square inches. ¢ Q& Lengths ‘One centimeter (Cm) = 0.3937 inch (One foot (ft) = 12 inches = 0.3048 meters. (One yard (yd) = 3 feet = 0.9144 meters ( Page 12IBAGRADS: GK BOOK QUIZ 2 Fill in the blanks: 1} The name of the airport in Calcutta is ——. 2) Qantas is the international airline of ——. 3) The name of the news agency in France is ———- 4) —— is the news agency of India. 5) Bali Jibrail was written by——. 6) Shahnama-e-isiam was written by——. e 7) Macbeth was writien by ——. 8) Old name of Srilanka is ——. 9) 1 kg is equal to pounds 10) Ten million has zeros, ‘True and false: 41) Hundred million has 12 12) Nepal is known as the tat 13) KLMIs the international 14) Allama iqbal wrote Masnavi. 15) New name of, is Zaire — i hea i 25) 01d “OT e) Nayasaland Page 13IBAGRADS: GK BOOK MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION ‘Astronaut: A person who travels in Space Altitude: Height of a body or place from the surface of earth or sea. White House: Official residence of President of USA in Washington Meteor: Falling ar shooting star Buffer State: A small independent neutral state which lies betwee! unfriendly countries, Zodiac: An imaginary belt of the heavens comprising twelve const (1) Aries (2) Taurus (3) Gemini (4) Cancer (5) Leo (6) Virgo (; (9) Sagittarius (10) Capricom (14) Aquarius (12) Pisces LokSabha: Name of the lower house of Indian Parliamer RajiaSabha: Name of the upper house of the Indian Part ‘Arab League: A regional organization of Arab count & Renaissance: Revival of leaming in Europe in the ‘Majlis: Parliament of iran, Diet: Parliament of Japan. NPT: Non Proliferation of Nuclear Weapon other countries. Wright Brothers: Orville Wright and December 17°, 1903 near Kitty Ha Cosmogony: The science of studini of Universe. Asteroids: Small planets whose afb Khad: Secret Service of Afghani Lactometer: The instrument, whist Hydrometer: The instrument ‘Thermometer: The instrument t s June 12", 1968 er UK and thers wnovflew the ti Fs si airplane on ding a temple at the site of Babri Mosque ‘the fourth century. ee ‘outer space. sent thy cell, which help in photosynthesis. ich is required to conduct business. 4) who discovered the sea route from Europe to India a Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea and other islands of the the 7" century AD. when in 1611 A.D. the Holy Prophet of Islam inced the revelation trom the one true Allah. sted from 711 to 1492 AD. ‘York, USA) was installed in 1886. It is 151 feet one inch high from base * The world }in to 24 times Zone, each 15° Longitude wide. The longitudinal meridian passing th ich, England starting point and is called Prime Meridian. © Christopher Columbus discovered Bahamas on 12" October 1492 A.D. HAMAS is the name of an Islamic resistance movement in the accupied Palestine. Ostrich is the largest bird in the world Page 14‘Saudi Arabia isthe largest exporter of olin the world. Hong Kong was retumed to China on July 1%, 1997. The earth is calculated to be 4540 million years oid. ‘The Olympic torch is kindled on the mount Olympus in Greece and is kept buming til the end of the games. The nickname of USA is Uncle Sam. Agni and Prithvi are the names of two medium range surface The velocity of light is 289729.458 kmisec, (186282397 The chemical formula of water is H,0. It is a compout ratio of 2:1 ‘The normal temperature of a Human body is 98.6 A billion contains 1000 million. It has 9 zeros. Si zeros, 4 quintilion 18 zeros and a decillion 33ze ‘About haif of the world population speaks to which English belongs is Germanic. Air is composed of Nitrogen (78.08 % (0.33 %). Mustafa Kamal popularly kno Turkey. The famous Muslim Scie (731 to 815), (965 to 1039) missiles of India. drogen and oxygen in the guages. The mae" branch 0.94 %) Win Dioxide Pakistan put its first satel ‘on July 16, 1990, ‘The term NAM stands The ECO (Economic ‘The OPEG has, Qi are no tonger a member. UNHGR is the a of Refugees. Venus is the mithe earth. Mercury, to Sun. stem. | is 1300 times that of earth. Indians. <— in 1896. ‘owards Pakistan” and “Making of Pakistan’ is International Peace Day World Tourism Da World Food Di Page 15IBAGRADS: GK BOOK STRUCTURE OF THE UNITED NATIONS (1) Organs of UN: According to article 7 of the charter the United Nations comprises of the following organs: en : i 2 zg The United Nations Organization carries out its specialized agencies greene seep Page 16IBAGRADS: GK BOOK NOBEL PRIZE 2021 Maria Ressa & Dmitry Muratov Peace “for their efforts to safeguard freedom of| which is a precondition for democi " 6 Chemistry 2s) ys Economics Medicine eries of ceptors for temperature and a & Klaus Hasselmann e ling of Earth’s climate, quantifying *~ arid reliably predicting global warming” Giorgio Parisi systems from atomic to planetary scales” KY) of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical Page 17IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Quiz 3 Fill in the blanks: 4) The name of Pak Afghan border is 2) The parliament of Iran is called 3) Instrument, which measures the density of milk, is ———. “The largest bird in the world is ———. ‘Normal temperature of a human body is Q e ILO stands for The modem Olympic games were first held 4) 5) 6) FAO stands for 7 8) True and false: 9) Barometer is used to measure ga 10) Width of a place from the 11) IDA stands for internat 12) The trustee ship council i 13) WHO stand for world hut Match the followi ys 14) Capital of 15) Members of < 16) Members of rest “ 17) 18) Page 18IBAGRADS: GK BOOK INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND ALLIANCES ASEAN: (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) was formed on August 8. 1976 in Bangkok, Thaltand, to promote economic and political cooperation among the nan nist states of the region. MEMBERS: Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Sing nd, Cambodia, Mayanmar and Vietnam, Laos. HEADQUARTER: Jakarta, Indonesia. THE COMMONWEALTH: Originally called the British Commonwealth of Ni United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealai their dependencies loosely joined by con Empire. The British Monarch is the symbol consultations among members’ states a Permanent secretariat. MEMBERS:53HEADQUARTI THE ARAB LEAGUE: It was created on March. Arabia, Syria, Libya, St y © tries) was, on November 14, 1960 at Venezuelan ‘of deali industrialized oil-consuming nations Iran, nga erios. ia (1 (1962), the United Arab Emirates (1967), ), Gabon (1975), Angola (2007), Equatorial Guinea om |. Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela fh Merasei sina 1949 in effect from August 24". The to settle dis among member counties by peaceful means; to develop their a sist armed attacks, to regard an attack on one as an attack, on an attack under Article 51 on United Nations charter. : Brussels, Belgium. known as E.C. (European Community) was formed in 1993. The is a political and economic community. in 1999, the EU introduced a = euro, which has been adopted by thirteen member states by 2007 1@ EU include the European Commission, the European Parliament. the ‘Council of the European Union, the European Council, the European Court of Justice and the European Central Bank. EU citizens elect the Parlament every five years. MEMBERS: 28 HEADQUARTERS: Brussels, Belgium Page 19IBAGRADS: GK BOOK EFTA:(European Free Trade Association) NAM: (Non-Aligned Movement) was established at the height of id war, in September 1961 in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, to promote world peace, to reject the ‘of world power blacks and to help bring about more even distribution of the world’s: MEMBERS: 120 members. OBSERVERS: 17 Eco: (Economic Cooperation Organization) was forme {985 replacing the RCD ( jional Cooperation for Development), which had been uly 1964 af Istanbul, T by Pakistan a MEMBERS: Azerbaijan, Iran, Kyrayzs! public), Patten, Tail ey turkey, Turkmenistan,Afghanistan, and Uzbekistan. G8: ow ‘The group of 8 developed ritain, France, Car fany, Italy, Japan, Russia & the US.European Uni representations. NAFTA: (North American Free Th Members: United one nada and Mexico. ‘Washington, D.C estimated population of over 4 billion covers more than 60% of the thid Most populous continents are Africa and Europe, lor Russia in Asia and Europe 11.5% of the world in land size are Canada and China respectively. in the wot Pgs ‘or Holy See, with an area of 44 hectares ra Tem iemy rcpason! as Come Nerves ne Wo on 1 May 1987). of about 1,250,000 square miles respectively. i, ican City (Europe) ): Kazakihstan. Sudan and Algeria are the second and third largest is the 15" largest Islamic in the world. d size): Maldives The must papules Indonesia (South East Asia). Pakistan is the second most populous (slamic country The most densely The largest city: The most polluted City: The mast polluted major city is Mexico City (Mexico). The largest Ocean: The Pacific Ocean, Excluding adjacent seas, it represents 45.9 % of the world’s oveans. ‘The deepest Ocean: The Pacific Ocean. Its greatest depth in the Mariana Trench, which was first, measured by sounding and published as 5960 fathoms The smallest Qcean: The Arctic Ocean. The largest sea: The South China Sea, The country with most active volcanoes: Indonesia, with some 200 active volcanoes, Page 20 : MonacoIBAGRADS: GK BOOK The smallest planet: Mercury(Pluto is no longer considered a planet of our solar system) The coldest planet: Neptune The hottest planet: Venus The planet nearest to the earth: Venus, which can come within 38 million kilometers (24 milion miles) of the Earth. The fastest planet: Mercury The brightest planet: Venus is the brightest planet of the five planets vf the naked eye from the Earth. fan Berunal in the Capital the second largest sporting festival. The Highest waterfall: The Salio Angel, Venezuela (Sout total drop of 3212 feet (S79 meters). The largest delta: The delta created by Ganga ( Bengal in India The largest desert: The Sahara in Northem Africa. The largest lake: The Caspian Sea in Azerbaijan, The deepest lake: Lake Baikal in Central Sibeni Crevice. The longest river: The River Nile (Bahra-géf The greatest river: The River Amazon ( Jongest river in the world. ‘of the River Carrao, with enistan, Russia and est parts or , Nw ‘The longest bridge: Bang na E: ‘y The largest Railway station: The pray Statiog Boling, chp) The longest wall: The Great Wall all was completed duriig the region of Chhin Shin Huang-ti (246-210 BC). r e The hottest place: Al-Aziziyah, Libya (Norther Africa), “A"temperature of 150°F (66°C) was recorded here on 13 Seplember 192: a The coldest place: V arctica, with a temperature of -8985C°¢129°F), registered on July 21%, 1983. tation, Antarctica (-56. all partis. locatet ear Cat, Saudi Arabia. It is the largest alsport in is a . four-engine airliner ‘airbus fScapable of carrying 853 passengers in an all-cconomy p to Mach 2.4 1 MIG-25 fighter (NATO code name ‘Foxbat’) e University, Moscow, Russia. it was constructed in 1849-53. : ia Iqbal Open University is located in Islamabad, Pakistan. The i ye in 1974 also first Open University in Asia with enrollment of age: Chiriest. F The UnitedSiates Library of congress (founded on 24 Apri 1800) on Gapitot Hil, Washi USA : que: lararis the largest masque in the word thas a capacity fo acoommodte 820,000 people at a time, ‘an area of 400,800 m*, The most valuable The ‘Mona Lisa’ (La Giaconda) by Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) in the Louvre, Paris. The largest car Japan. U.S and China are the world's second and third leading car producers, Germany holds fourth place. ‘The most immigration country: The: Unites States of America (USA). The country with the most land frontiers: China has the most land frontiers with 14 countries The country with the largest GNP: United States of America. The country with Highest GDP: USA in 2009 The country with the largest national debt: The United States (2009) Page 21IBAGRADS: GK BOOK The richest country: Luxembourg. UAE is the richest Islamic country. The poorest country: Congo with per capita GDP of $320 in 2009 (World Bank). The least valuable currency: Zimbabwean Dollar. The country with the greatest monetary gold reserves: The USA, with approximately 6133.5 tones gold. The largest budget: The USA's budget. The country with the highest Income tax rate: Denmark (Europe), 68%. The largest nuclear power producer: The USA, France, Japan, nuclear electricity power producers France is the biggest eneray expo The largest energy consumer: The USA, China, Japan, Ge fourth and the fifth largest energy consumers respectively. The largest energy producer: The USA, Russia, China, Sau and Canada are the world's second, e the world’s second, third, third, fourth and fifth largest energy producers respectively. 0 The largest crude oil exporter: Saudi Arabia. Iran is the work Jlargest crude-cil exporter. \Y J ‘The largest crude oll producer: Saudi Arabia. Sa Ne the: world's largest oe following the collapse of the world's largest producer ember 1981 oe are the worid's second and third largest crude oil producers: The country with the largest crude oll reserves followed’ by Canai ey Iran with 136 billion barrels and then Iraq The largest natural gas producer: Rugdily TBIUSA,\@enada, Ukand = are the world's second, third, fourth, fifth leading natural g - The largest natural gas consumer: Ty The country with the largest : Rusa, ed nn pan Germany are the or i third and fourth USA and/Australia. are, second and third leading , ‘a first position. The U! ‘iptha are the World's second and third ; hea ee g (South America). ‘world’s wii ‘third leading wheat producers are india and Brazil. The wold’ second and third leading sugarcane-producing in Sugar production setond and third leading sugar-producing countries are mfx pee leading rice producers in the world are india and The USA. he world's second and third largest wheat exporters are Canada and by Japan and Brazil second and third largest rice importers are Nigeria and Iraq world’s second, third, largest rice exporters were Vietnam, India. 1¢ world’s second, third, fourth, fifth leading tea producers are China, Sri ely. India is also the world’s largest tea consumer. | Britain and Pakistan are the world's second and third largest tea importers. _ Brazil 28%. The world’s second and third leading coffee producers are Colombia( 162s) and indonesia(P%) respectively, The largest jute producer: India, with production Bangladesh and China are the second and third leading jute producers respectively The largest cotton producer: China, USA, india. Pakistan is on forth The largest tobacco producer: China, China’s also the world’s largest cigarette producing and cigarette ‘consuming nation. The Brazil is the second leading tobacco producer in the world, india is on third. Page 22IBAGRADS: GK BOOK The largest personal computer (PC) manufacture: Hewlett-Packard formerly. Compag of Houston, Texas, USA...Deil and Acer are second and third. The country with the largest expenditure on defense: The USA, with 3.99% of GDP has the largest defense expenditure. Britain second and France is third. The largest arms exporter: The USA, followed by Russia and Germany The longest war: The longest continuous war was the Thirty Years We from 1618 to 1648. The so called ‘Hundred Years War’ between Engl to 1453, was in fact an irregular succession of wars rather than a sit The bloodiest war: Second World War (from 1 September 1939 to 2 56.4 million persons (including battle deaths and civilians of all cosifiies cd. Poland suffered the most uity with €,028,000 fatalities. tis lso the most costly wat c million in May 2000. The largest Navy (in terms of man power): The nav The largest Elections: The elections held tothe ind Ss >. USA. pa oneiggh =e 4 . Michigan, ue Whale, Blled Sibbald's rorqual, The beanie speci te ver scoala ale, ‘shich lched 190 The largest living land animal 1¢ African bush elepha hs between 4 & 7 tons. The tallest animal: The male Git in Sub-Saharan Afri an average height of 4.7 to 5.5 . tis up to 9 feet (2.7 meters) in ipum speed aN) (72 kilometers) per hour. i Bras te as The vervain Humming bird ay ae itd int reas of Attantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. man Haji Muhammad Alam Channa of Bachal Chana, esis ‘York hospital. BaoXishun of China with a height of 7 he i 3. Carlos Slim Helu 0 Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka ‘Argentina eee 1946 to 1953. in Ronald Amundsen of Norway, on December 14", 1911 Everest: Mr. Edmund Pereival of New Zealand and his guide Sherpa 14", 1911. On May 17", 2000 NazirSabir became the first Pakistani to 's highest peak. The first man_on/ Neil Alden Armstrong an American astronaut, on 21*July 1969. while commanding aCe mission, Apollo 11. Astronauts Edwin Aldrin and Michael Allen Coll accompanied him. The first Muslim in space: Prince Sultan Salman Al-Saud of Saudi Arabia, He became the first Muslim astronaut and the first person in the world to complete the recitation of the Holy Quran in space, while boarding American space shuttle, “Discover in June 1985.” Youngest Noble Prizewinner: Professor Sir Lawrence Bragg of UK. He won the Noble Prize for Physics in 1915 when he was only 25 years of age. Page 23IBAGRADS: GK BOOK The most people killed by a bomb: On August 6", 1945 more than 100,000 people were: killed, when USA dropped the world's first atomic bomb on Hiroshima in Japan. About $5,000 more peopie dled from radiation within one year. The most common causes of Death: Cardiovascular diseases. The fastest growing disease: AIDS The biggest restaurant chain: McDonald's, with more than 31,000 world by the end of 2007and provide 1.5 million employment. It The biggest beverage company: The Coca-Cola. ‘The worst genocide: Mongol extermination of Chinese Peasantry Killed, in 119 countries around the int in Pakistan 1998, ‘which 35,000,000 persons 3 of homicide per year. The country with the most execution: China, ‘The country with the largest Foreign Exchange reserves: The longest day: 21" June (rarely 22" June). ‘The shortest day: 22” December. The most common element in the atmosphere: 75.52% by mass. The most common element in the uni a ee Universe. hes in a 6 feet tall ‘The smallest bone in the Human, middle ear, with a length of 0.10 to ‘The most abundant mineral in t The commonest element in the & The lightest metal: Lithium (Li), at ‘auditory ossicles in the f Feigion is Istam, with 1.2 bilion followers, The aha Oo oF id Muslim population in 1999. L a i ean ri) me of 148,000,000 cubic meters. It is connected on Fie) hme by volume) Mangia Dam , constructed on the hive iéngth of about 2,880 kilometers (1,790 miles). Mosque, Islamabad with an area of 1, 89,705 square meters. The main sto accommodate 10,000 persons while another 200,000 (2 lakh) persons 8. it has gallery for Women with a capacity of 1500 ladies. A Turkish gns i. Ithas been completed at a cost of 45 million dollars. The late Saudi foundation stone. It was opened to the general public for prayers on Friday est mosque in the worid. n Textiles Industry. Faisalabad is its main center. The largest industrial plant: Paiistan Steel hls Karach (Sindh) The largest natural gas: Sui in’ Baluchistan. Its share to the county's total natural gas production was 36.625% in the first 9 months of 1995-96 (July March) The largest division in Pakistan: The Kalat division in Baluchistan, area; 140,612 square kilometers. The Largest district in Pakistan: Khuzdar Page 24IBAGRADS: GK BOOK TOURIST SITES IN PAKISTAN Page 25IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Quiz 4 Fill in the blanks: 1) The largest Islamic country in area is ———. 2) The largest bay is —— 3) The largest active volcano is 4) The name of the coldest place is ——. 5) The name of the largest airport is 6) The: name of the poorest country is, 7) The largest dam in Pakistan is . 8) The largest natural gas in Pakistan is —— 9) The name of the first cloned animal is 10) The country with the largest foreign i True and false: 1) The tallest animal in the: wor 7 2) The largest tea producer isin 3) The largest employer is re sal 4) The largest cotton prod 5) The largest is the desert, Page 26IBAGRADS: GK BOOK WORLD HISTORY Battle of Waterloo: The Duke of Wellington defeated Napoleon decisively in June 1815 at the Battle of Waterloo. This defeat put an end to the Napoleonic age. ‘+ Russian Revolution: In 1971 A.D IMPORTANT DATES IN WORI RY BC 3000 Building of the Great Pyramid 356 Birth of Alexander the great. e 44 Julius Caesar murdered, 4 Birth of Christ. / AD 570 Birth of Muhammad (PBUH) at Makkah. 612 Muhammad (PBUH) prociaims the rel 632 Death of Muhammad (PBUH). 1776 American War of Independe 1789 French Revolution beings; G 1912 _ Establishment of Republic o 1914-18 First World War. 1833 Hitler becomes the chaq 1939-45 Second World War. 4941 Pearl Harbor incidents. 1945 Foundation of UN 1947 India and P 1949 1951 1953 ita \ev relieved from the Prime Luna 9; Luna 10 first lunar orbiter. |, assassinated; Senator Robert Kennedy shot ver, Powers. (; Bangladesh emerged as an independent state; president of Pakistan. ed form Pakistan Jail and became Prime Minister of Bangladesh Bhutto "elected Prime Minister of Pakistan: (sep 11") Page 27IBAGRADS: GK BOOK GREAT PERSONALITIES OF THE WORLD A. FIRST IN THE WORLD First European invader of India Alexander the great First Governor General of Pakistan First Man to climb the Mount Everest Ti First Place where atom bomb was dropped First man to reach the North-Pole by over land journey First man to reach South Pole First man to set fact en moon First person to sail round the wot First President of U.S.A. First woman to climb M First Prime Minister of First Foreign Minister of! Page 28IBAGRADS: GK BOOK quiz 5 Fill in the blanks: 1) First world war was fought in the year-———. 2) First European invader of India was ———. 3) First governor general of Pakistan was ——. 4) First place where atom bomb was dropped is ——-. ‘True and false: s 41) First president of USA was Nixon. ——- 2) Pearl harbor incident took place: in 1941. 3) Louis Philippe was the emperor of France 4) Arab invaded Spain in 738 AD. -———_ Page 29IBAGRADS: GK BOOK GREAT PERSONALITIES OF THE PAST Arfat, Yaseer: He was the Chairman of the Palestine Liberation organization. Aibak: He was the first Musiim King of Delhi Sultanate and founder of the Slave dynasty. invasion of india. He invaded India in 327 BC. By to Babylon (near Baghdad) defeating King Porous and many ather tribes. He died during his jour in 323 BC at the age of thirty-three. Aristotle (384-322 BC): He was a Greek Philosopher, artist, po ‘School of Philosophy. He was a disciple of Plato and taught A ‘Ataturk, Kamal (1881-1983): Reformer and builder of the founder of a famous the Greeksiout of Turkey in ealisotial forms and western educatio Babar: He is known to posterity as founder of the Mughal dyn d the Indian Empire for,rdre than 150 years. After the first battle of Panipat, he cong 1 in 1526 and ruled 26 fo 1530. Bahadur Shah: The last King of Mughal Empire who Ibn-Batuta: A South African Scholar and traveler, who ¥ and has written about the regime of Muhamma Bhutto, Zulfigar Ali: The former Prime was hanged under the Miltary Regime of military coup on July 4", 1977 Caesar, Julius (100-44 BC): He Givil War. He fell in love with Cleoy the crown and was killed by his tr ‘Chaplin, Charlie: The British bor¢ Chisti, Moin-ud-din: A great saint Cleopatra (69-30 BC): A famous accompanied to Rome. She is tragedy Anthony and Columbus, Christopher for a ship to sail west i St war of indian hr 2) 1087, during AD. He: years in India was executéd in Rawalpindi balApri 4, 1979. He ho had removed him @ Minister Ship in a eral and inva Gaul ana atin) sfeated Pompey in the pt, who. rating: in Rome he was offered gave del (rnin inated Julius Caesar whom she jatized by Shakespeare in his love i i Aa 10 begged the King and Queen of Spain Hi in that year he discovered Bahamas, Cuba f This Polish ota Chemist became famous for her discovery of, g with ber Husbar . Pierre (1859-1906). She shared the Nobel Prize 1914 also awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. administrator and"statesman was Viceroy of India during 1998-1911. He after studying animal life in the South Seas, Wrote his ution. In a later book he relates how man is descended for 1 of Mickey Mouse and other cartoons shown on the screen quays: i inventor. He began life as a newsboy and then served as a He has 1,000 inventions to his credit including motion picture gramophone, Albert (1879-19: Qc famous scientist of German-Swiss origin settled down in the U.S.A. after he was driven out by. from Germany in 1933. He is the author of the Theary of Relativity. Gama, Vasco Da: Portuguese sailor and discovered the sea route to India via the Cape of Good Hope in the fifeent ‘(#498 AD) when he reached Calicut. His discovery made Portuguese as the first among the Europeat fe with India and make settlements along the Indian a coast Gandhi, Mahatma (1869-1948): Indian leader who fought against the British Rule. He believed in non-violence and led India to achieve independence. Nathuranm Godse assassinated him. Ghori Muhammad: He is known as the founder of the Muslim Rule in Ingia the 12" century. in the first Battle of Tarain (Thanesar) in 1911. Prithiviraj Chauhan, King of Delhi and Ajmer defeated him, but in the second battle of Tarain in 1192, he defeated Pithviural from the commenced the permanent Musiim rule in Incia. Page 30IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Hitler, Adolph (1889-1945): A German dictator who was bom in Austria. He led the Nazi party and became ‘German Chancellor in 1933. He ordered the invasion of Austria and Czechoslovakia. His invasion of Potan in 1939 started in the Second World War. He committed suicide in Berlin in 1945. He was author of men kampf. Homer: A famous Greek poet, who wrote “The lliad and the odyssey’. Keller, Helen: a blind and deat American lady, who in spite of her handicz the world handicapped, Khan, Chingez: A Mongol chief was one of the mightiest conquerors. of God". Khan, Sir Syed Ahmed: He was great Mustim educationist and Aligarh Muslim University. He was an exponent of Hindu —Mus Khusrau, Amir (1253-1325): A renowned Indian poet, adomed the courts of Muizuddin Kaiquabad, Jalaluddin Kh did great service to the cause of Ghiyasuddin Taughiag, Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1 and inventor,,Famous for/Mena Liza painting. Marco Polo (1256-1323): A celebrated Italian traveler, and wide! He wrote tof his journeys to China and the Far East. J Michelangelo (1475-1564): Italian painter ang % tural masterpieces are Rieta/David, Moses and allegorical figures Day, Night, Dawn, afd Twalight His finest painting is the ment. His most He was foie A religion. He taught 2 I” became emparor of Russia, and Austria but was ‘great Indian leader and maker ined in the office til his death. , Ron-alignment and non and Glimpses of world history are that there is only one God. Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821, France from 1804 to 1815. Was ‘Nehru, Jawaharlal (1889-1964): Th of modem India. He was the fist Pi ‘Swaraj Party, was father of Jawaharial Nehru. and mathematician. He discovered the Jaws many discoveries in mathematics, who organized the nursing service in aid of be called “The lady with the tamp”. painting. His famous painting is Guemica. a student of Socrates. Aristotle was his student. is described as the golden age of the Mughals. lumtazMahal. LalGila and Jama Masjid in Delhi were also ish poet and dramatist. t famous work is “Wealth of nations” jin who drove out Mughal Emperor Humayun and buill the Grand Trunk Road. jan and one of the NvaRatnas in the court of Akbar. He was a great succeeded his father Haider Ali. He allied himself with French and declared athas and the Nizam combined together, he was defeated and killed in the ERSONALITIES OF PRESENT AGE Bhutto, Miss Benazir: The leader of Pakistan People's Party and daughter of the executed former Prime Minister of Pakistan Z.A. Bhutto relumed home in 1986 after 19 months of seff exile in London (Where she had gone for treatment of an ear ailment) to bury her brother, Shah Nawaz who died recently in Cannes in France under mysterious circumstances. She was put under house arrest by the Martial law administration but released later. She is the author of the controversial book Pakistan, “The Gathering Storm” published in September 1983. She was assassinated on 27" December, 2007 at LiatatBagh Rawalpindi. Page 31IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Muhammad All: All was one of the leading heavyweight boxers of the 20th century, and remains theonly three-time lineaichampion of that division. His records of beating 21 boxers for the world heavyweight title (shared with Joe Louis), 28 well as winning 14 unified tile bouts (shared with former welterweight champion José Napoles), were unbeaten for 35 years. Ali is the only boxer te be named The Ring magazine Fighter of the Year six times, He has been ranked the greatest heavyweight boxer of gil time. He was also ranked as the greatest athlete of the 20th century by Sports Illustrated, the Sports Persofiality of the Century by the BEC, and the third greatest athlete of the 20th century by ESPN SportsCentu "The Greatest’, he was involved in several historic boxing matches. Salam, Prof. Abdus: He is the first Pakistani to receive a Noble Pi shared the 1979 Physics prize with two American scientists for and electromagnetic forces in the atom, a feat that Einstein c Teresa, Mother: The 75 year old Albanian born nun, who ist, who worked in Italy, a to join together the weak for destitutéin Calcutta, was htrapati Bhavan on Ni 24, 1983. She is recipient of world’s top awards including and Bharat Ratna in 1978. ) Thatcher, Margaret: The gracer's daughter, she is, Minister ofthe United and indeed of any West European country. Leader of arly, She again secured landsi tory in the: June 1973 elections. The Russians describe her with a adipiration as “The iron Lai ise she had eamed a reputation for stubborness and for di MichaelJackson (August 29, 1958 — June 25, Gubbed the,tling of Pép" Yes an American musician and one of the most commerc ‘music and danoe, along with a hig culture for four decades. Donald John Trump (bom June 1. aneconomics degree from the of his family’s real estate business| and Brooklyn into Manhattan. The Forbes estimates his net worth to: Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton. presidency. Obama born (Aug. hold the office. Obar tainers, Of all time. His contributions to @fsonal life, made him a monn figure in popular yrnearingyh President Sain (USA. He received University of | was appointed president it The Trump Orca .and expanded it from Queens ‘or renovated skyscraper is, casinos, and golf courses. . Trump as elected président in a surprise victory over re the oldest and son ever to assume the umbia Universitygnd Harvard Law School, where he was the daw Revi was a candidate of Democratic Party. a je 14th and current Prime Minister of India, in ae yin to be born after the Independence of Ste Independence of India. 2016, Bajwa was promoted to the rank of four star yy Staff of the Pakistan Army by Prime Minister D, me ‘Chief Justice of Pakistan since from 31 December gl bales ‘Senior Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan since 10 the Indian National Congress and the widow of former |. She also serves as the Chairperson of the ruling United Progressive aes ler of the Congress Parliamentary Party. rson in Ind itics, she was named the third most powerful woman in the word by Forbes magazine in the was ranked 6th in 2007 General Pervez Mi ‘August 11, 1943) served as President of Pakistan and the Chief of Amy Siaff of the Paki yy. He came to power in the wake of a coup ¢'éiat and suspended the constitution twice; Since to power he has been supported by western countries including the United States. He tobht power on October 12, 1999. ousting Nawaz Shan, the elected Prime Minister, thereby assuming the title of Chief Executive, Later on, he assumed the office of President of Pakistan He has also written in the ling of fire’ Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan. (bom Apri 1, 1936 in Bhopal, British India) known as AQ. Khan, is a Pakistani nuclear physicist and a ‘metallurgical engineer, who founded the uranium enrichment program for Pakistan's atomic bomb project. AQ Khan founded and established the Kahuta Research Laboratories (KRL) in 1976, serving as both its Page 32IBAGRADS: GK BOOK senior scientist and Chairman until he retired in 2001. Khan was also a figure in other Pakistani national science projects, making research contributions to molecular morphology. the physics of marten site alloys, condensed matter physics, and materials physics. In January 2004, the Pakistani govemiment summoned Khan for a debriefing on his active role in nuclear weapons technology protiferation in other countries after the United States provided evidence of it to the Pakistanis. Khan formally admitted his responsibility for these activities. a month later.The Pakistani government dismisses allegations that Pakistani authorities sanctiog s activities. Tiger Woods Pro golfer Tiger Woods was bom in Cypress, Califo won the U.S. Masters at ‘Augusia in 1997 with a record score at age 21, making him the yo and the first African American to of the Year 10 times over the next 12 years, Roger Federer (bom August 8, 1981) is a Swiss profe: in men's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Profe: singles titles—the most in history for a male player—an 2 recond total of 310 weeks, including a record 237 was continuously ranked in the top ten from Octobs following his victory at the 2017 Australian Open. Federer has won a men’s record eight Wi int-record six Australian consecutive US Open files, and one Frengh Open is one of eight men to Grand Slam. Federer has reached a records a Grand agin tala, ud 2005 Wimbledon Championships to the ree World Tour Masters 1000 titles, and Rafael Nadal: A Spanish tennis male player, as well as a record and the 2008 Olympic gold medal 196 weeks. In majors, Nadal has titles, and one Australian Open titi ks. After tu a nd most in history for a Tour 500 toumaments, one ranking for a total of IS Open titles, two Wimbledon , including his 11 French Open tay wins on clay, Nadal has the longest er in the Open si 1969, in = aS yy is @ German Formula One driver i ammpion, and cijrent advisor and temporary criver for Ferrari i who a ice on August 3, 2013, after the 2013 iranian i lejaxl, who served 8 years in office from 2005 to 2013. joclamation the: former Prime Minister of Portugal, General, to succeed Ban Ki-moon when he steps. , In professional swimmer He has won 14 career Olympic ‘Olympian. Over: Ips has won 16 Olympic medals: six gold and two bronze oid algedindn 108. In doing so he has twice equaled the record eight medals yo omar epee oo ali: bins = toowend fr nin ca voi od the best player in the world and regarded by many as ane of has a record-tying five Ballon d'Or awards, the most for a European four European Golden Shoes. He has won 26 trophies in his career, ‘A. Champions League titles and one UEFA European Championship. A the records for most official goals scored in Europe's top-five leagues (405), 121), the UEFA European Championship (9), a8 well as those for most assists (34) and the UEFA European Championship (6). He has scored over 680 jn. October 26, 1947) is an American politician who was. the 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013, U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, and the Democratic Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election Pope Francis (Latin: Franciscus; Itallan: Francesco; Spanish: Francisco: born Jorge Mario Bergoglio, 17 December 1836) is the 266th and current Pope of the Raman Catholic Church, a title he holds ex officio as Bishop of Rome, and sovereign af Vatican City. Page 33IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Imran Ahmed Khan Niazi (born 5 October 1952) is a Pakistani politician and former cricketer who is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Pakistan. Prior to entering polities, Khan was a cricketer and philanthropist. He is also the chairman of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). Previously he was a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 2002 to 2007, and again from 2013,to 2018. He played international cricket for two decades, and later developed philanthropic projects such’ Gancer Hospital & Research Centre and Namal College. j Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (bom 31 August the crown prince of Saudi Arabia. He is currently serving as the ou of prime minister being held by the king) and is also chai Development Affairs, chairman of the Council of Political the world's youngest at the time of his appointment. He Economic and Rar ee ents throne of his father, King Salman. He was appointed crown fi ¢ 2017 following King decision to remove Muhammad bin Nayef from all p lohammed bin Salman presumptive to the throne. Elizabeth ll (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary: bom 21 Ape 26) if\Queen of the United Kin the other Commonwealth reaims i yf Elizabeth was born in London as the first ch ‘Queen Elizabeth, and she was educal abdication of his brother King Edward VI began to undertake public duties dui In 1947, she married Philip, Duke has four children: Charles, P Earl of Wessex. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela 18 and Duchess of York, cing George Vi and . Her father acceded to ye on the she was the hei uumptive. She At ‘erriterial Service. mark, with whom she ‘of York; and Edward, sr 2013) was shu African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and ni jpist who served as Pre: ‘of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country’s first black head of state and the first in a fully representative democratic election. rr focused on dismantling th of apartheid by tackling cial reconciliation. Ideal lly an African nationalist and socialist, Pi party from 1991 to 1997, 197 aaa 1963), commonly referred to by his 1 h President of the United States from ber bn 1 Fe served at the height of the Cold War, and the a the Soviet Union. A member of the essa in the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate ber 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, investor, | founder of Microsoft Corporation. During his career at n, CEQ and chief software architect, while also being the jarded as one of the greatest batsmen of all time. He is the highest icket. Tendulkar took up cricket at the age of eleven, made his Test centuries, the first batsman to score a double century in a ODI, the number of runs in both Test and ODI, and the only player to complete nal cricket. holder of the record more than 30,000 Page 34IBAGRADS: GK BOOK GOVERNOR-GENERALS OF PAKISTAN ‘The office of Governors-General was a legend of British imperial Sub-Continent. From 1947 to 1956 the Muslim state of Pakistan witnessed the following four Goi jeneral, S.No Name Period 4. Quaid-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. KhawajaNazimuddin Malik Ghulam Muhammad Maj-Gen IskanderMirza PRESI eon Maj-Gen IskanderMirza Field Marshal Muhammad ‘Ayub Khan. ny e 7, 1988. eho koe 17, 1988 to Dec. 13, 1988 and 13, 1988 fo July. 18, 1993, lov. 14, 8s Dec. 2, 1997. 188 to Jun. 202000 jB” Aug 2008 ing president. Aug 2008-Sep 2008 2008 to 8" Sep 2013 Ss ‘Sep f ‘9th September 2013 to 8" Sep 2018 SS) 13th and current President of Pakistan, in office since Sth September 2018 til present. noose MINISTERS OF PAKISTAN Since 1947 the following Nn persons have held the office of Prime Minister of Pakistan: 4. Khan Liagu: Aug. 15, 1947 to Oct. 16, 1951 2 Khawai in Oct. 19,1951 to April 17, 1953 3. Mr. Muhammatt Ali April 17, 1953 to Aug. 11, 1955 4. Chaudhary Muhammad Ai ‘Aug. 11, 1955 to Sept. 12, 1956. 5. Mr. HussainShaheedSahrawardi ‘Sept. 12, 1956 to Oct. 18, 1957. 6 Mr. LL. Chundrigar Oct. 18, 1957 to Dec. 16, 1957. 7. ‘Malik Feroz Khan Noon Dec. 16. 1957 to Got. 7, 1958. No Prime Minister during in this period due to Martial Law Page 35,——. ‘GK BOOK ‘ 10. nN. 12. 2. 4. 5. 15. 16. "7. 18. Npopene 2 Noor ul Ameen Mr. Zulfiqar All Bhutto Mr. Muhammad Khan Junejo Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto ‘Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi (caretaker) Mr. Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (Mr. Balkh Sher Mazari (caretaker) Mr. Muhammad Nawaz Sharif Mr. Moin Qureshi (caretaker) ‘Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Malik Meraj Khalid (caretaker) Muhammad Nawaz Sharif Mir. Zafarullah Khan Jamali ‘ChaudhryShujaat Ali ‘Shaukat Aziz Muhammad Mian Soo Yousuf Raza Gillani Raja Pervaiz Ashraf K-2 (Godwin Austin) is the | Urdu is written in Persian Dec. 7, 1971 to Dec. 20,1971 ‘Aug. 14, 1973 to July. 5, 1977. March 23, 1985 to May. 29, 1988. Dec. 2, 1988 ta Aug. 6, 1990. ‘Aug. 6, 1990 to Nov. 6, 1 Nov. 6, 1990 to Apri. 1 April. 18", 1993 to Mi May. 26, 1993 to July. July. 18, 1993 to © 8. On Oct. 12, 1999, PML Govt. in pursuance of Q 2 of Chief of Staff of the ‘Commander of Paki ez Musharraf Chairman ‘TORS OF PAKISTAN Bd gla pies 8, 1962. oe 1969 to Dec. 20", 1971 1971 to Apri. 21", 1972. 9", 1977 to Dac, 30", 1985. (Ottaber 1999—June 2001 ‘S OF THE PROVINCES NERAL HISTORY OF PAKISTAN sted the name ‘Pakistan’ in his famous pamphlet “Now or never". ie National Anthem jte where the Pakistan Resolution passed. st peak of Pakistan Jasmine is the national flower of the Pakistan ‘The national emblem of Pakistanarea crescent and star crest above a shield, which is surrounded by awreath, below which is a scroll. ‘The total area of Pakistan is881,913 km* Page 36IBAGRADS: GK BOOK 9. Silk route connects China and Pakistan. 10. The highest civil award in Pakistan is Nishan-e-Pakistan. 41. The highest Miltary award in Pakistan is Nishan-e-Halder. 12, The national assembly consists of 342 members Senate 104. 13. The biggest Radio station in Pakistan is Islamabad Radio station. 14. The largest Dam in Pakistan is Tarbela Dam. 18. The largest river in Pakistan is River Indus. 16. The third most populated city is Faisalabad. 17. ZahidHussain was the 1” governor of state Bank. 18. The first president of Pakistan was Iskander Mirza. 19. President is the head of the state in Pakistan 20. Prime Minister is the Head of G 21. The tenure of Senator is 6 years. 23. Ahmed All Chaghla compased the tune of natio 24. The cash crops of Pakistan are Cotton, Sugar cz 25. The Republic Day on March 23, 26. Defense day Sept 6. 27. Hockey is the national game of Pakistan, 28. The Standard time of Pakistan is mec 29. Z.A. Bhutto declared Friday as Natio 30. Ayub Khan set the system of Basi 31. The world’s biggest earth filled in 1949, G eX .. Rice, Cotton, Cotton Yarn, Cotton Cloth and Ready ‘afer quai. popula is Baluchistan. the smallestpvincs is NWFP. League after Quaid e Azam. rrachi to Islamabad. jstan who addressed the parliament of USA. of Pakistan from Justice Mian Abdur Rashid. bom state of Pakistan, was Iran. ich voted against the membership of stan was Sir Zafarullah Khan, mor General as well as president of Pakistan. tenure as the President of Pakistan. the First chairman Joint Chief of Staff Committee. ‘was the first woman provincial Governor of Pakistan. Gefense ministerof Pakistan. only Pakistan woman who took part in Presidential 59. BahawalpurState is the first state thal joined Pakistan. 60. Senate is the Upper and National Assembly is the Lower House of the Parliament of Pakistan. 61. The Prime Ministers Khawaja Nazim-ud-Din, M.Ali Bogra and Hussain Shaheed Soharwardi belonged to East Pakistan. Page 37IBAGRADS: GK BOOK 62. Ayub Khan introduced the federal form of government in Pakistan. 63. ZA. Butto was the only eivilian Martial Law Administrator. 65. The 1956 and 1962 constitution was Presidential. 66. The first Chief Justice was Mian Abdul Rashid. 68. The longest tenure of Prime Ministeris of Shaukat Aziz (16 days Liaquat Ali Khan). 89. The shortest tenure off President is of Z.A. Bhutto. 70. Mohammad Ali Bogra was the only Prime Minister who also ‘an Ambassador to USA. 71. During Oct 1958 to Aug 1973 there was no Prime Minister of P: iin served as PM from 7 20” December 1971) 72. Last Governor General of former East Pakistan was Dr A 73. Noor-ul-Amin is Pakistan's only vice president. BEFORE 1900: 1857 Bahadur Shah Zatar was deposed and exiled 1876— Quaid was bom on Dec. 25,1876 in Karachi, 1877- Sir Syed founded MAO College in 1877, which 1885- Lord Hume founded the Congress in 1 1886-- MAO conference was held in 1886. ‘1886. Sir Syed also founded Mohammed: of education among the Muslims Others... Sir Syed Ahmed Khan launched Aligarh ‘Muslims. of Independence 1857.9{° & slim UniverSsty of Alig Ay mihesnmodio, TS # it aimed at educational, ‘and social revival of the ‘Sir Syed published the magazine khlag. : ‘Sir Syed convinced Muslims to ‘terms with British and Se iisiius India Congress. iy 4900-1910 we Muslim League on Dec 30,1906. i in 1907, it was presided by Sir Admajee Pir ims demand for separate electorates. of All India Mohammedan Educational Conference: in Dacca. Sir ‘Nawab Wagar-u-Mutk was the first Secretary General 1914 Turko-ltalian war. 4914—In 1911 the SA acai occurred. i 4912-1913— Balkan 1913 In 1913 Qu: im League. He retained membership of bath parties for 7 years. In 1920 he resigned from <3. 1915 Annual session of Congi 4916— Lucknow Pact }8-- In 1918 First World War ends, 4919~In 1919 Montague Chelsford reforms on government of India act was passed. 1919- The Khilafat Movement started in 1919. Khilafat Movernent was started to maintain the unity of Ottoman Empire: and Turkish caliphate. 1919 to 1922 is. period of Khilafat Movement. Page 38IBAGRADS: GK BOOK 1920 Quaid resigned from the Congress in 1920. +1920~ Aligarh University was founded in 1920. 1920—In_ 1920 Khilafat Deputation under Maulana Mohammed Ali Johar visited England but failed to convince the Government. 1920 Non-Co-Operation Movement was started simultaneously by Gandhi objects of Khilafat Movement. 1921-1930 The Congress and Muslim League jointly boycotted the Simon commis o also supported the 1919~ Treaty of versailles was signed at the end of world war, 1920—peace treaty between Ottoman Empire and allies att 1922—ChauriChaura police station took place in 1922 in 1822 Feb.4, 1922 Chauri Chaura incident happened in UP a ‘Mavement. 1922 In 1922 Jinnah becomes permanent member 4923~Liaqual Ali Khan joined M.League. #8» Nehru report was issued in 1828 1928- All parties’ conference was held in 1928-- Quaid gave three amendments. 1928--In1928 Nehru report was pubie: 1929-~ Quaid-e-Azam presented hi 1931-1940 4935- Sindh became the 1931— 2 Round Tabiet 1932-3" Round Tabl 1932 In 1932 Commun onto 12%, 1931 ni seenels fA ted to lagd reforms. Round issed the Goverment of India 1935~ Quaid ‘président of Muslim League in tile Year 1935. e 3 ‘Congress istries in 7 of 11 provinces. isti86 in only Punjab and Bengal. The coalition ministries i ne 1939. Deliverance “on Dec.22, 1938. was held in Minto Park (Iqbal Park) on 22-24 jaid~e-Azam. Maulvi AK. Fazal-ul-Haq and seconded by Ch, Khalig-uz-zaman que. jence movernent against the “August Offer” of British slim League accepted the “August Offer” 1941-1950 4 4942-- Quit India mn. 1942—The annual was held in Lahore. 1942--In 1942 posed the creation of the “Indian domain” and “Constitution making body” after the Wotlé war. 1942 In Aug 1942 the Congress passed a resolution in Bombay requiring the British to quit India ‘and give powers to Hindus. Quaid on the other hand demanded that British must “Divide India and then Quit” ‘Muslim League and Congress both rejected the Cripps Mission. 1943—-Musiim League ministry was formed in Sindh in 1943, 4944—- Quaid and Gandhi talks were: held in 1944. Page 39IBAGRADS: GK BOOK 1945~ Shimia Conference (1945) failed to achieve anything as Quaid-e-Azam insisted on that the Muslim League should nominate all the five Muslims for Viceroy's executive council, 1946 The success of 1945-46 elections proved Musiim League the sole representatives of Indian Muslims. ‘Muslim League won all 30 seats in the central legislature and 440 of 492 Muslimseats in provinces. Muslim League formed ministries in the: province of Singh and ‘4946-- Cabinet Mission (1946) presented the three-fold scheme, which ‘and also provided for autonomous but net independent Pakis ‘grants the unqualified autonomy for provinces keeping only t ‘Communications, Defense and Finance under central Governie consisted of 3 members. Congress and Musiim League tie 1947. 11947-- Independence Plan for the partition atso kno 1987. Sir Cyril Rediff was the Chairman of Boundar 1947-- Indian British Govermenton 15°-16" a 4847-= The flag of Pakistan was adopted on 1947--Pakistan’s first cabinet swam in on 1947-- The first cabinet of Pakistan was i 47 “ 4947—On 30" September 1947, Paki sember of the UN. Q 1947-- The first post stamp was is (947 On Dec 27, 1947 Raja Hari 1947 Jinnah and Gandhi talks we Razz Shah Pehlviof tran in 1950. luring the governor generalship of bison o Hafiz Jalandhari. * 46" October 1951 in Rawalpindi. sled on Radio Pakistan on August 13, 1954. ‘dissolved on Oct. 24. passed on Sep. 30, 1955. ternational service i.e. Orient Airways merged with PIA. policy was announced. was enforced on March 23, 1956. 1956~- Pakistan became Islamic Republic on 23 March 1956, 4956-- National Assembly the 1° constitution in 1956 1956-- The first constitution was effected fram the March 23", 1956 according to this constitution Pakistan's name was changed to Islamic Republic of Pakistan. 1956— On September 9, 1956 Gawadar became the part of Pakistan. 1956~The designation of Head of State changed to President from Gov. General. 1958-- Ayub Khan imposed 1 Martial law in 1958, Page 40IBAGRADS: GK BOOK 1964— Television made first appearance in Pakistan on Nov. 26", 1964. 1961-1970 1960— The Indus water agreement was signed in 1960 with the help of World Bank. 1962-- The second constitution was enforced in May 1962. 1962 Pakistan held the post of the President of UN General 1962— Bengali and Urdu were recognized as National Language in Ay Jin 1962. 1963. Capital was transferred from Karachi to Islamabad in the reign . 1964 Pakistan, Iran and Turkey made RCD in 1964. 1964 The first border pact between Pakistan and China was 1964...In November 26, 1964 the first TV station of Pakistan, a 1964—- First presidential election was held in 1964. 1965-- The war of 1965 remained for 17 days. Q 4965~ Tashkent Treaty was signed in 1965. 1965. At the time of Indo Pak war 1985 General Pakistan. 1965-- Tashkent pact was between Ayub Khan and Lal 1970 One man one-vote elections were 1970--General Agha Yahya Khan made for fi a e es 1971 1971 East Pakistan was separ isa 1871. 4981 — Majlis-e-Shoora was for 1985. RCD changed to ECO. 1985. Pakistan joined SAARC. 1985-- The only election, which was on non-party basis, was held in1985, 1988. PTV started its morning transmission on Jan 16, 1988, 41988--On April 14°, 1988 the UN mediated Geneva Accord of Afghanistan was signed between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Page 41IBAGRADS: GK BOOK 1988 Shariyat ordinanoe was enforced in Pakistan on June 15, 1988. 1988— Zia-ul-Hag died ina plane crash Aug 17. 1989. Pakistan rejoined the Common Wealth. 4990- First women bank was established. 1990--Pakistan's first satelite was put in orbit. 1991— Jinnah station was established in Antarctica on January 25,1991. AGLANCE AT PAKISTAN’S PO! ISTORY 41857-1858 Uprising, variously known as the Great Mutiny, the Sepoy R the fist war of independence 41878-1880 Second Afghan War 4885 Indian National Congress formed. 1893 Durance Line established as boundary between Afghanistafiand Bish India. 6 4905 Partition of Bengal 4906 AlLIndia Musi League founded. / 1911 Partition of Bengal annulled Pakistan. All Jinnah oe an Lagat All 1919 Montague-Cheimsford Reforms; Third Afghan W: 4935 Government of India Act of 1935 March 23", 4940 Muslim League adopts P, ‘August 14”, 1947 Partition and indepen Khan becomes Prime Minister ‘September 11”, 1948 Jinnah dies; ‘October 1951 Liagat Ali Khan ‘August 1955Ghulam Mohammad March 23° 1956 Constitution ‘October 7 1988 President Mirza the independent stale of Bangladesh; Yahya lude Simla Agreement. Bhutto as Prime minister. in Lahore, ‘Bhutto's party evokes widespread president. ial Order, which in effect suspended 1973 Constitution ‘that martial law will be lifted in 1985, but wams that will retain key , Sng punched by Benazir But 1986 Agitation for free 1988 General Zia Killed rash. Benazir elected as Prime minister. 1990 Benazir's ge jssed. Nawaz Sharif elected as Prime minister. 1991 Privatization ation program launched, 1992 Pakistan elected uncil, United Nations: 1983 Nawaz Sharif (Prime Mirister)& Ghulam Ishaq Khan (President) resign. October, Benazir elected as Prime Minister. FarooqLeghari elected president. Nov. 13, 1993: FaroogLeghari, a Bhutto nominee, is elected president. January 1994: Peace talks with India break down over Kashmir. Nov. 5, 1996: President FaroogLeghari Sacks Bhutto, dissolves parliament and calls elections for February 3. Feb 3, 1997: Sharif's Pakistan Muslim League party wins general elections by landslide margin. Page 42IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Feb. 17, 1997: Sharif becomes prime minister for second time. ‘March 28, 1997: Pakistan and india resume peace talks at foreign secretary level for first ime since 1994, Dec. 2, 1997: President FarcoqLeghari resigns after a six- month legal battle to. have Sharif investigated for misuse of power during his first premiership. ‘May 28, 1998: Pakistan conducts five nuclear tests in response to India's tes ‘Aug. 4, 1998: Guerrillas in India's Kashmir region kill 19 people as Pakistani armies runs into its sixth day. Oct. 18, 1998: Pakistan and India end their first peace talks in a February in New Delhi. April 15, 1999: Former Pakistan Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto.a a five-year jail terms on charges of corruption. June-July, 1989: Weeks of border skirmishes erupt b infiltrators who seized hilltop positions on the Indian side of July 12, 1999: Pakistan orders the Muslim militant inf with India. October 12, 1999: Chief of Army Staff and Chaimman) Joint Pervez Musharraf suspended Pakistan's constitution d Chief Executive of Pakistan. Sharif was impris 2001Aimost 3,000 people were killed during 2001 Musharaf appoint himself as p 2002 General Election held 2003 417° amendiment passed with tr Electoral of Pakistan’ 2004 *, July 20, he was restored as ie Lal Masjid in Islamabad finally ely arrested and taken into custody at resident of Pakistan on 30" july MeSNawaz Sharif was elected the 26” Prime Minister of Pakistan Pr ‘2017 by the Supreme Court of Pakistan as a result of the basi elected the 27" Prime Minister after the disqualification of re held 2018 PTI won the gener Sere Imran Khan was elected the 28" Prime Minister of Pakistan. 2018 Mr. Anta Ivi President of Pakistan on 9" Sep 2018. 2018 Mr me Page 43IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Quiz 6 Fill in the blanks: 1) In.2003 the peace award was won by -—-——- 2) Major general Iskander Mirza became the president in 3) is the national flower of Pakistan. 4) The highest peak of Pakistan is 5) The senate consist of —-——— members. 7) The largest source of hydle power is -——. 8) Lucknow pact was signed in -—. 9) Tashkent pact was signed in ——. 10) Suggested the name of Pal 6) First foreign minister of Pakistan is ——~. g ‘True and false: 1) Jimmy carter won peace 2) Liaquat All khan became the pri 3) Largest river in Pakistan i 4) Allama Iqbal composed 5) r ki in, Nepal and Maldives, -——— 6) 0 7” 8) 9) 1 Page 44IBAGRADS: GK BOOK SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS Altimeter is a special kind of aneroid barometer, used in measuring altitudes. Ammeter is.an instrument to measure the strength of an electric current. ‘Audiometer is an instrument used to measure difference in hearing. ‘Barometer is used for measuring atmospheric pressure. ‘Seismograph is an instrument used for recording the intensity and oni jake: shocks. ‘Stethoscope is a medical instrument for hearing and analyzing the ind lungs. Telescope is an instrument for viewing distant objects as Galvanometer is. an instrument for measuring electric cur Hydrometer is an instrument for measuring the relative Lactometer is an instrument for measuring the relative dens (& S fee ial teeter teen Cr nee aie pounds per second or 33,000 foot-pound ‘Knot: Is used to measure the speed of Shit Light year: A light year is a distan ‘is equal to 5,880,000,000,000 mil Nautical Mile: A unit of distance ‘Nautical Mile is approximately Pressure: The pressure is Watls. Salus per second. It measuring gstiar gt inte of longitu Bited along the Equator. A nds wel per sq cm he re of the atmosphere: is sq cm; If the pregsufes are very high they are expressed in sure 6) a column of mercury 76 cm, high at a mugh which when applied to the ends of an Ft sumed in the circuit in one second is one second; the energy expanded per second by an ring. current. hese value of gold and precious 4 indicates pure gold, and any lesser shows the proportion of gold contained in the ‘25 a. measurement of weight is now obsolete, laced by metric carat of 0.2 grams. ‘ip one nautical mile per hour. which a ray of ight travels in one year. nce equal to.about 3 miles. by Il, equal to 3.14159265. device, which supplies processed information. ight equal to 100,000 grams. wind of Northern India. A short poem which expresses emotions. Preface of book. ‘Military rule in a country. Leg before Wicket (A term of Cricket). ‘This is the second highest mountain peak of the world. Page 45IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Antenna: A device used for receive radio signals, Megawatt: ‘One 0.1 million watts. Agni: Indian's medium range balistic missiles, Rotation of Earth: Earth rotates trom West to East. Glaciated part of Earth: 6,020,000 square miles (15,600,000 square kilometers). Most abundant mineral Calcium. In Human body: Worldwide Suicide cases: Daily 2,700 suicide cases. Ratio of males and females: 1,015 males and 1000 females in world Rotation of Sun: ‘Sun rotates from East to West. Cultivable part of earth: = 21 percent. Size of Basketball Court: 28 yards (26m) x 4ft. 9 inch ‘Oxidation: ‘Reactions in which oxygen Rabies: This is a disease cai Etymology: ‘Science of origin and hi Pedagogy: Continental shelf: IN’ E JONS AND INVENTORS BJ-1948) and Wilbur Wright (1867-1912) (U.S.) Kitty Hawk, N.C Karl Benz (Germany) (1844-1929). Earliest model by Father in China. Earliest intemal combustion automobile built 1862-63 by Jean )) (France). First run, Benz Motor wagon, Manichaeism November or was by Siegfried Marcus (Austria) (¢.1864). Diesel Engine: 1 if Diesel (Germany) (1858-1913). Lower pressure oil engine patent by ‘Stuart Akroyd, 16: [s first commercial success, Augsburg, 1897. Generator: 1860. In' Picionti (Italian). Continuous current improved by Gramme (Belgium) 1870. Microscope: 1590. Inventor: Za ’s Janssen (Nether lands). Compound convey-concave lens. Motorcycle: 1848, Inventor, ed Butler (England). First exhibited 1885 by Daimler, earliest factory in ‘Munich 1893. Parachute: 1897. c. 150. Inventor: Antre Jacques Garnerin (France) (1769-1823), First descent (from 2.230 feet over Paris). Earliest jump from aircraft March 1.912 by Capt A. Berry (U.S.) over, St Louis Missour. Photography: On paper,835. Inventor: WH. Fox Talbot (England)-(1807-77). Lacock Abbey, Wiltshire England Page 46IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Revolver: 1835. Inventor: Samuel Colt (U.S.) (1814-62), Rubber (tires); 1857. Inventor: Thomas Hancock (England) (1786-(1865). Intraduced solid Rubber Tires for Vehicles (1847) (See also bicycle). ‘Submarine: 1776. Inventor: David Bushnell (U.S.) Say brooks Connecticut. Tank (Military): 1914. Inventor: Sir Emest Swinton (England) (1868-1951), Built a leciester, England. Tested in September 1915. Light Bulb:Edison and his team of researchers in Edison's laborato 3,000 designs for bulbs between 1878 and 1880. In November 1879, with a carbon filament g Park, N.J., tested more than patent for an electric Lamp valled the Simon Personal ‘Communicator, and it was created by IBM more:than 15 years ‘Computer : The first mechanical computer was invented what we have now. known as the father of refrigeration. His refrigeratio forward by Oliver Evans. Telegraph : The Telegraph was the forerunner in by Antonio Meucti. It was developed by Samus Steel : But steel is a relatively new inventi ampify signals, Nowadays, transistors Calendar : The first form of the ¢ brought the Julian calendar that us Page 47IBAGRADS: GK BOOK CAPITALS AND CURRENCIES Philippines Manila Peso Russia Moscow ‘Rouble Saudi Arabia Riyadh ‘Riyal Singapore: Singapore Singapore:IBAGRADS: GK BOOK QUIZ 7 Fill in the blanks: 1) The capital of Mexico is ——. 2) The capital of Russia is -————. 3) Jerusalem is the capital of ——. 4) Capital of china is ——. 5) Colombo is the capital of ——. 6) Currency of Canada is ——. 7) Currency of Malaysia is —— 8) Currency of Italy is ——. 9) Rouble is the currency of ——.. 10) Yen is the currency of —. Match the following: 1) Currency of Sweden 2) Capital of Saudi Arabia 3) Tehran is the capital of 4) Capital of Uzbekistan 5) Harareis the ‘True and false: 1) Doha is the Page 90IBAGRADS: GK BOOK Quiz 8 Fill in the blanks: 1} The name of first Muslim king of Delhi sultanate is . 2) The founder of the Mughal dynasty was ——. 3) The study of bacteria is called ——. 4) The founder of slave dynasty is ——. 5) The study of insects is called ———. ‘ ) 6) Zoology is the study of ——. ic pressure.IBAGRADS: GK BOOK ANSWERS OF QUIZES 1-8 ANSWERS OF QUIZ 1 19) False 20) False 1) Canada 21)Indonesia 217 22)Kingsford smith 3) China 23)Nayasaland, 4) Dead sea and mount 24)Imtiaz ali taj Everest 25) East Pakistan 5) Paramvir charka 6) Karakoram 7) Japan 8) —127(Antarctica) 9) Camp David 10) 50.000 km 11) False 12) False 13) True 14) False 15) True 16) False 17) Tue 18) True 19) True 20) False 21)Kiew 22) Mohenjodaro 23) Bangladesh 24) Pans 25) Atri Answers 8) Sir zafarullah khan 7) Tarbell 8) 1916 9) 1965 10)Chaudhry Rehmat ali 11) Tue fostok 12)Tmue ) King Khalid airport 13) False &) Ethiopia 14) False T) Tarbella 45) True x 8) Sui 16) False 107 9) Sheep (dolly) 17) True 11) False: 10)Japan 18) False 12) Tue 11) False 19) True 13) Tue 12) True: 20) False 14) False 413) True: 45) True 14) True: 16) False: 15) True 47) True 16)False: 18) True 17)True Page 92