Pangasinan State University

College of Engineering and Architecture

Department of Architecture

COLLEGE/DEPARTMENT: CEA/DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

SUBJECT: BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1
TIME SCHEDULE: 8:00 P.M.

RESEARCH WORK NO.: FN-01

RESEARCH WORK TITLE: MODULE 6: DOORS AND WINDOWS
RESEARCH WORK DUE: MARCH 27, 2024, 8:00 P.M.

STUDENT: OFRANCIA, ACE YLMAR C.

BS ARCHITECTURE 1B

INSTRUCTOR: Ar. JYAN M. DELOS REYES

 Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

Doors and Accessories

Doors are important for access and security in buildings. Accessories like handles and locks
add to their functionality. In this overview, we'll explore different types of doors and
accessories used in modern buildings. Let's dive into the world of Doors & Accessories, where
we find both style and practicality. Here are some examples or types of doors that are
commonly used.

Panel Doors

A panel door is arguably the most common type of wood door. This door type is crafted by
putting separate panels together, again usually made of wood, as an embellishment for a
solid piece of door.

1. One-Panel

A one- or single-panel door comprises top and bottom rails and two stiles.
While they are popular as front and side entry doors, they are also commonly
used as interior doors for rooms or house partitions, thanks to the single
panel door’s simplicity and clean lines.

2. Two-Panel

A two-panel or double panel door is composed of two parts by putting two

panels together using a middle stile or rail. The two-panel design is one of
the most popular door styles that makes it feel at home in almost any
dwelling.

3. Three-Panel

A three-panel door has three panels separated by two stiles or rails. While
many three-panel doors have equally sized panels, some have at least one
panel that’s either shallower or wider than the other two, usually the topmost.
Other door styles, like the bifold, may also use a three-panel system.

4. Four-Panel

The four-panel design uses panels that are taller than they are wide. The top
two panels are positioned side by side above the lower two. Four-panel doors
look great when the building is bigger or wider.
 Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

5. Five-Panel

These doors have five equally sized horizontal panels positioned one on top of
another. Its Victorian roots make five-panel doors ideal for classic bungalow
styles, such as Craftsman, Arts and Crafts, and Mission.

6. Six-Panel

Six-panel doors can have equally sized panels, with three panels lining the left
side of the door and the other three positioned right next to them. However,
some six-panel doors have four panels of equal size and two smaller panels.

7. Eight-Panel

Eight-panel doors have smaller panels than their fewer-panel cousins. Eight-
panel doors are typically big, heavy, and imposing, especially if they are made
of real hardwood. They are perfect as front doors, particularly if you prefer
the appeal of a large, old-school knocker over a modern doorbell button.

8. Eight-Panel with Glass

Eight-panel doors have variants that include several or all panels equipped
with glass. They come in wood, steel, and other materials. Eight-panel doors
with only two glass panels typically have those glass panels at the top. This
allows light entry while also protecting privacy, as the glass panels are often
too high for prying eyes.

9. Roman

Roman doors typically have two panels: a square one at the bottom and an
arched one at the top. Traditionally, Roman doors are pivot doors made of
stone.
 Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

Sliding Doors

Opening and closing sliding doors are simple because they use a sliding track (either set on
the ceiling or floor). This mechanism makes them useful in tight settings and interiors that
don’t have space for a door to swing in either direction. That said, any type of sliding door will
need wall clearance since they are “tucked” into these walls when open.

10. Pocket

A pocket door hangs from the top and slides along a track, where it guides the
door into a wall where it slips into when opened. Most modern pocket doors slide
into the wall with hardly any space left on either side. This flush look provides
clean lines and takes up a lot less space.

11. Bypass

The bypass door mechanism allows one door to slide in front of the door
next to it. A bypass door can be designed with two doors or three,
depending on the width of the opening, the width of the doors, or the
owner's preferences.

12. Farm

Farm-style doors are direct descendants of barn doors. Like barn doors, they
are simple devices that consist of planks of wood (battens) laid side by side and
framed or reinforced by rails and a muntin. Some modern farm doors have a
rail-and-style arrangement. Farm doors come in varieties like battened and
ledged doors or simply just battens without a ledge.

13. Slider

A slider is a patio door that slides on tracks, no different from

standard sliding door. Sliders are categorized depending on how
they open. Sliding patio doors come in singles or in pairs and can
slide into and behind a wall (pocket style) or slide to the center
(bypass style). Sliders are a great choice for smaller yards and
exteriors.
 Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

Folding Doors

Folding doors are like sliding doors; these doors open along a track, but they don’t “disappear”
behind or into a wall when opened. Instead, these doors are segmented into vertical panels
that allow them to be folded (like pleats on a curtain) when opened and pushed to one side.

14. Accordion

Accordion doors are a simpler and lighter version of bifold doors. They have
narrower, thinner, and flatter panels usually made of composite wood or plastic.
You can find accordion doors in indoor areas.

Their biggest advantage is that they need little space to operate, but they’re
useful in either wide or narrow spaces. This makes them equally functional for
both room dividers and closet doors.

15. Bifold

Bifold doors, also known as folding or concertina doors, are folded

in sections or panels, usually in two sections (although some with
more sections are still called bifold). One of their other names is
the concertina door because they resemble the instrument.

Bifold doors are typically installed in areas with an opening that’s

too wide for any door to be practical. They can even be used in
rooms where sliding doors can be used to minimize space, but
there is insufficient wall clearance for the door to slide into or
behind when opened.

Windows and Accessories

1. Single-Hung Window

Single-hung windows feature two sashes: a fixed one at the top and a movable
one at the bottom, allowing vertical sliding. They are ideal for areas with limited
space outside and are commonly used in new constructions, offices, and homes.
Single-hung windows are part of a category known as "sash windows,"
originating from Georgian and Victorian architecture in England.

2. Double-Hung Window

Double-hung windows are like single-hung windows, but both the top and
bottom sashes are movable, offering superior ventilation. They can be tilted
inward for cleaning and are suitable for areas requiring good airflow like
bathrooms, kitchens, and bedrooms. Double-hung windows are versatile and
can be crafted from various materials such as wood or vinyl. They have been
popular for centuries, complementing architectural styles from traditional to
 Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

contemporary.

3. Hopper Window

Hopper windows resemble awning windows, featuring hinges

either at the top or bottom for inward opening, ranging from 45 to
90 degrees. Typically installed in basements or near ceiling-wall
junctions, caution is advised when fully opening due to safety
concerns.

With a horizontal rectangular shape and sturdy construction to withstand strong winds, they're
common in small bathrooms, kitchens, and basements, enhancing ventilation. Their large
opening panels facilitate easy access and improved air circulation. The name "hopper" derives
from their resemblance to a hopper or chute when opened.

4. Casement Window

Casement windows, favored by many U.S. homeowners, are hinged at the

side, swinging outward like a door. They are operated by a handle or lever,
often at arm level, with a fold-away mechanism called a casement stay or
crank at the bottom to secure them in an open position.
These windows are popular for their ability to bring in ample sunlight and
fresh air. They are also highly energy-efficient, as the flush sash prevents
air leakage when closed. Ideal for challenging spaces such as over kitchen
sinks or in cramped corners, casement windows come in various materials,
including wood, fiberglass, and vinyl.

5. Center Pivot Window

True to their name, center pivot windows feature sashes that pivot at the
center of the frame when opened, projecting halfway into and out of the
room. This design allows ample light and fresh air into the space. Some
modern double-hung windows have also adopted this mechanism into their
panels.

Equipped with top-operated panels, center pivot windows are easy to open
and access. Whether standing or seated, users can enjoy excellent views with
this window type.