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ARDUINO BASED SMART HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM

Article · January 2016

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.61093

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 International Journal of Scientific Research in Information Systems and Engineering
VOLUME 2, ISSUE 2, AUGUST – 2016. ISSN 2380-8128, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.61093

ARDUINO BASED SMART HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM

Nuri Almali, Electric and electronic engineering department, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Turkey, PH-00905055233037.
E-mail: mna1@yyu.edu.tr
Kosar Salih Bahir, Electric and electronic engineering department, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Turkey, PH-009647701555329.
E-mail: kosar.bahir89@yahoo.com
Özkan Atan, Electric and electronic engineering department, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Turkey, PH-00905066906200.
E-mail: atanozkan@gmail.com

Abstract - Smart home Automation technology, lifetime is getting easier and simpler on all side in life. In the world, automatically systems are
being chosen over the manual system. With the fast growth in the number of users of the internet through the past decade, the Internet has become a
part and section of human life. In this study, a remotely controlled smart home automation system, for monitoring and controlling the temperature
degree, humidity percentage, gas leakage, fires, and rain in the house, was developed. This system can also control the light by using motion and light
sensors inside and outside the home. The developed system consists of two parts: hardware and software. The hardware consists of many units such
as smartphones, personal computers, Arduino Mega, Ethernet shield and relay board, temperature and humidity, gas, motion, flame, light and rain
sensors, a buzzer and fire alarm. Arduino Mega used as the Microcontroller is the primary hardware unit connected with an Ethernet Shield
responsible for sending and receiving directives and status via the internet. The software is the second part of this system; it is Arduino IDE’s code
used to design web browser page. The web browser page connected to hardware devices and sensors through Ethernet shield. Moreover, it works to
control and monitor this system from the web page and smartphone. Finally, this system uses an internet network for communication and alerts due
to its low cost and large area coverage and can control every device via the web browser and Android application anywhere and anytime. Moreover,
the gas, flame, light, temperature, humidity and rain sensors work correctly with excellent results.
Keywords: Smart Home Automation, Arduino, Controlling, and Monitoring Device via the Internet.

——————————  ——————————

1. INTRODUCTION
Embedded physical devices, such as household
appliances are becoming smarter and smarter, They are
equipped with embedded microprocessors and wireless
transceivers, offering limited communication capabilities and
providing good behavior, Everyday objects fitted with small,
cheap mobile processors, sensors, and actuators [1]. Sensors
and wireless sensor networks are being deployed in smart
home solutions, measuring with precision the environmental
conditions in the home environment, their advanced sensing
functionalities and their increasing accuracy enable the
development of smart home applications that offer advanced
automation. Residences are transformed into a smart house,
incorporating embedded sensors and actuators, and pervasive
technology [1, 2]. Efficaciously addressing the needs within
the realms of the ‘Smart Home' environment, requires a
multidisciplinary collaboration. This development usually
unfolds specialists from Architecture, Electrical and Electronic
Engineering, Computer Science and some purpose related to
the health sector may also require the participation of
professionals from Social Sciences, Medicine, and
Occupational Therapy [2]. Although all people can be
interested in such undesirable situations, elderly people and
people with health problems, require more exclusive
monitoring when they are not accompanied by a healthcare
professional [3]. It is possible for someone exhibiting early
stages of cognitive impairments too; a "smart home" typically
is a domestic environment that has been partially automated.
Home automation includes the centralized control for
lighting, air conditioning, ventilation and heating also devices
controlling and others, Smart Home automation, aims to
promote the comfort energy consumption efficiency and safety
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[4, 6] in domestic scenarios. Houses are equipped with
autonomous control panels to control all of the systems and
devices present in the home, Moreover, those control panels
are overwhelmingly not regarding each other, The main aim of
an intelligent house is to focus the control of all the devices
into a private control unit which can be programmed to do
special tasks suitable for the possessor and the house in
question, The aim of a smart home is not only suitability but
also to reduce the consuming of resources such as power, gas,
etc. Due to the present pricing on energy, energy saving has
become a part of a person's day-to-day life, If a person has the
possibility to control his home automation, he can remotely
reduce the consumption of energy and thus cut down on
expenses, Furthermore, ecological sustainability has acquired
relevance in the latest years, If anyone is away from home,
there is no need for the ventilation or air conditioner to turn
on. The same rule applies to lighting, heating, and other
appliances. Some smart homes systems pause the operation of
devices until they are required again. Furthermore, there are
several different technologies for investigation such intelligent
house. Some standards utilize complex communication
protocols and control wiring; others rely on embedded signals
in the existing power circuit of the house. Portions rely on
radio frequency (RF) signals, and others become hybrids by
combining several methods, all of the controlling tasks done
through a microprocessor. [6, 7]
In this study, a remotely controlled smart home
automation system, for monitoring and controlling of the
temperature degree, humidity percentage, gas leakage, fires,
and rain in the house, was developed. This system can also
 International Journal of Scientific Research in Information Systems and Engineering
control the light by using motion and light sensors inside and
outside the home.
2. STRUCTURE OF THE SYSTEM
The system consists of two parts: First, the Ethernet part,
which is responsible for giving the control instruction to home
appliances and receiving responses from the sensors. The
second part is the Microcontroller unit Arduino Mega board,
which is responsible for controlling the devices that connect
with relays and sensors. The Microcontroller is the head of the
system which controls and operation all information in the
system. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the Structure
system.
Figure 1: Block diagram of the Structure system.
From this block, there are two main important parts: the
Microcontroller Board and the Ethernet Shield Module. The
Ethernet shield part connected with six sensors and eight
channel relays board, The DHT11 sensor is a temperature &
humidity sensor in the system; the motion sensor is a motion
detector that uses a passive infrared sensor; the Rain sensor is
a YL-83 module; Arduino Electronics DIY Parts Photoresistor
is a Light Sensor; the flame sensor is a fire detector, and the
MQ5 sensor is a gas detector, also Fire Alarm buzzer and gas
buzzer. The data from all these sensors and relay are
continually processed by the Microcontroller, and a status is
given in web browsers and home application if there is any
event in the home by switching ON/OFF the relays. Also, it
can see or control every events and status by web browsers or
home application.
These units are responsible for the management and
provide a smart home automation. The user can control the
state of the relay and remotely turn ON/OFF the light and
devices in the house. Actually, the Ethernet Shield is the
interface between the Microcontroller and web browser by
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Volume 2, Issue 2, August – 2016. ISSN 2380-8128
using the internet. During this operation, the information
transfer from the Microcontroller to the web browser. The
commands sent by the user from a web browser are executed
by the Microcontroller. This system works in a smart home
automation system providing guaranty and a remote
management system for all devices inside the home.
3. IMPLEMENTATION RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
This system has been performed on the Arduino Mega
platform. The system uses an Ethernet shield module to
interface with the internet of thing to monitoring, controlling
appliance and statues. Moreover, a USB port used to connect
Microcontroller with a personal computer for uploading
command. Figure 2 shows the final smart home automation
system.
Figure 2: Final Smart home Automation system.
The home automation system consists of the Arduino
Mega2560, an Ethernet shield, a temperature & Humidity
sensor, a gas sensor, a rain sensor, a motion sensor, buzzers,
light sensor, flame sensor, USB cable, RJ-45 cable, Relay
board and a 9-volt power supply [5].
3.1. Testing the Hardware System
All hardware devices were checked and tested to obtain
that all devices were in a perfect working situation, After that,
all devices were tested separately with the microcontroller to
obtain the needful software in this implementation and to
discover any mistake in each hardware devices easily, After
this test, it was obtained that all hardware devices were
working perfectly, after this, it was to connect all hardware
device with each other and test the overall system, in this step
was to check the main important hardware in the system that is
the connection of the Ethernet shield to the internet of thing
and if it worked exactly with the Arduino Mega. It was
 International Journal of Scientific Research in Information Systems and Engineering
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observed that the system was ready to use. Figure 3 shows the 2560 in the digital port. The flowchart in Figure 5 showed
flow chart of the Ethernet shield software. Figure 4 shows the how the software analog sensors work. Figure 6, 7 shows the
result of the Ethernet shield testing. hardware sensors connections with Relays connection at the
high limit value.

Figure 5: Flowchart for analog sensor software.

Figure 3: Flow chart of Ethernet shield

Figure 6: Sensor Hardware Connections.

Figure 4: Result of the Ethernet shield testing.

After testing the Ethernet shield module and its

functionality and connection to the network. The system has
been ready for testing the other hardware units, beginning with
the sensors units: motion, light, gas, flame and rain sensors,
these sensors are analogs so they requisite to convert them
from analog to digital format. The system looks at the sensors
reading value if increased than the limited value, t the system
forward the warning status to the web browser and turn ON
relays also gives us sounds an alert using the buzzer for gas
and flame sensor. But temperature & Humidity sensor is
digital sensor; it is connected directly to the Arduino Mega Figure 7: Relays with Sensors at the high limit value.

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 International Journal of Scientific Research in Information Systems and Engineering
3.2. Testing the WEB System
The software on a personal computer's web browser or
any smart devices browser or Android application are used
with the hardware system to carry out controlling with
monitoring the system via the internet. This software was
created in the Arduino IDE environment. By this software, the
owner able to monitor the actual sensor value, controlling
electronic devices and see the information’s from the
Microcontroller. At first for entering the web page, the
software needs a username and password in figure 8 shown
the authentication requirement username and password for
login to the home page.
Figure 8: Authentication requirement for login.
The Web page of the program showing the sensor value
and the status of the Relays is shown in Figure 9. This page
consists of three parts: the first eight rectangles represent the
relays status; the second four buttons show the switch button
with ON/OFF electronic devices and the third part shows the
current reading sensor values. Moreover, the system consists
of six sensors; First part, the motion sensor that detecting any
movement in the house it will turn ON relay eight that connect
to a lamp on the motion environment when exceeding the limit
value; Second part, the light sensor that use for auto light on
the outside of the house it will turn ON relay seven that
connect to a lamps in light sensor environment when
exceeding the limit value; Third part, the Gas sensor that
detecting any gas leakage in the house it will turn ON relay six
that connect to a ventilator in Gas leakage environment also it
will activate a Buzzer when exceeding the limit value; Fourth
part, the Flame sensor that detecting any fire in the house it
will turn ON relay five that connect to a firefighting in fire
environment also it will activate a fire alarm when exceeding
the limit value; Fifth part, the Rain sensor that detecting any
Rain in the outside of the house it will display rain status when
exceeding the limit value; Final part, the Temperature &
Humidity sensor that display the temperature & Humidity
inside the house.
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Volume 2, Issue 2, August – 2016. ISSN 2380-8128
Figure 9: Web testing with high sensors value.
3.3. Testing the Android Smart Home Application
As it was mentioned before, the system can also be able
to control by Android smart devices. The Arduino Smart
Home Application software can be downloaded from Google
Play [8] to any Android smart devices and can be configured
by following these steps:
a. Configure the system static IP address in the
setting of the program.
b. Control of all devices that connects with relays.
4. CONCLUSION
The aim of this research was to design and perform a
smart home automation system by remotely controlling and
monitoring electronic devices in the house and monitoring of
the temperature degree & Humidity percentage, gas leakage,
fires, and rain; also Automation light by using motion and
light sensors inside and outside the home by using internet of
things. This work used an internet network due to its low cost
and coverage of a large zone. It is applied to send information
to the system to control devices and receive statuses of the
appliances. The target has been carried out successfully. These
devices are controlled by the web browser via the internet. As
a result, the system can monitor and controlled from the web
browser. Moreover, the gas, flame, light, temperature &
Humidity and rain sensors work correctly with excellent
results. This system also uses power saving using motion, light
sensor to switch on and off lights in the room and outside. An
A significant advantage of this system is that control every
device via the web browser and Android application anywhere
and anytime. Finally, the developed system offers a flexible,
economical and remotely controllable smart home automation
system.
 International Journal of Scientific Research in Information Systems and Engineering
Volume 2, Issue 2, August – 2016. ISSN 2380-8128

REFERENCES
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[3] Augusto, J.C., and Nugent, C.D. Smart homes can be

smarter. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 5-12, 2006.

[4] Staroch P., “A Weather Ontology for Predictive

Control in Smart Homes,” MSc dissertation, Dept. of
Software Engineering and Internet Computing,
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[5] Algoiare T. O., “Design and Implementation of

Intelligent Home Using GSM Network” MSc
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[6] Anonymous,Wikipedia,Home automation,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_automation
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[7] Anonymous,Arduino,website.
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[8] Anonymous,
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