Thematic PYQs Final

ISSUE 01 2000-2023
THEMATIC PYQS
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I have been working on a video PYQ course for 15 Years PYQs (2009-2023) along
with updated e-book.
In this course, I came across multiple Qs on repeated themes from 2000-2023
Compiled them all in one place to make it easier for you to revise (check index
on next page)
Go stronger for your #UPSC prep with these materials and yes!
Releasing the PYQ Video course within next 2 weeks to make your life easier.
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INDEX
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01 British Acts and Policies Pg. 1
02 Places in news Pg. 20
03 International Awards Pg. 29
04 Africa Pg. 33
05 Courts Pg. 47
06 Preamble Pg. 55
07 Tribes Pg. 60
08 Sports Pg. 63
09 Articles Pg. 71
British Acts and Policies PYQs
Government of India Act of 1935
Provincial Autonomy:
Introduced autonomous legislative assemblies in provinces.
Abolished diarchy at the provincial level.
All-India Federation:
Proposed establishment of an All-India Federation including British Indian
provinces and Princely States.
Not realized due to resistance from Princely States.
Separation of Powers:
Introduced separation of powers between central and provincial governments.
Instituted three lists: federal, provincial, and concurrent for governance.
Franchise and Representation:

Expanded franchise, increasing eligible voters.
Introduced separate electorates based on religion, deepening communal
divisions.
Governor-General & Executive Council:

Retained Governor-General as head
of central government.
Established Executive Council to
assist Governor-General.
Abolished the post of Secretary of
State.
Federal Court & FPSC:

Provided for the establishment of
Federal Court.
Established Federal Public Service
Commission.
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2
The Princely States and the British shared a long-standing relationship. After the
Revolt of 1857, the Princely States, due to the support rendered by them to the
British, were a) promised protection from annexation and b) made to accept
British paramountcy. The growing Praja Mandal movements in various Princely
States was a major cause of worry for the colonial regime.
Thus, the Federal Union proposed in the Act of 1935 was an attempt by the British
authorities to counter the anti-imperialist doctrines of the national movement
and its leaders.

3
Charter Act (1813): enacted by the British Parliament to renew the East India
Company's charter, which granted the company its monopoly over trade with
India and other territories. Abolished the East India Company's monopoly on trade
with India, except for the trade in tea and opium. Allowed missionaries to enter and
preach in British India, marking a significant change in British policy towards
missionary activities. Directed the East India Company to set aside a sum of
money for the promotion of education and the spread of knowledge in India.
Regulating Act: Established the first centralized administration for British territories
in India. Created the position of Governor-General of Bengal, empowered to
oversee all British territories in India. Established the Supreme Court at Fort William
in Calcutta. Introduced a system of dual government, with the Governor-General
and his council responsible for civil and military affairs, and the Court of Directors
of the East India Company responsible for commercial matters.
Act of 1858: Enacted in the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, which
prompted the British government to take direct control of India from the East India
Company. Transferred the governance of India from the East India Company to
the British Crown, marking the end of the company's rule. Established the British
Raj, with India directly governed by the British government through a Viceroy and
British-appointed officials. Introduced paramountcy, asserting the ultimate
authority of the British Crown over the princely states.
Pitt’s India Act: Enacted during the tenure of British Prime Minister William Pitt the
Younger. It aimed to address the shortcomings of the Regulating Act of 1773 and
reform the governance of British India. Reorganized the East India Company's
governance structure by dividing its powers into two distinct branches: the Board
of Control and the Court of Directors. Established the Board of Control, composed
of government ministers appointed by the British Crown, to supervise and direct
the East India Company's policies and actions. Retained the Court of Directors of
the East India Company to manage the company's commercial affairs.
4
Indian Councils Act (1861)
Expansion of Legislative Councils: The Act expanded the legislative councils in

British India. It increased the number of members in the legislative councils and
introduced the concept of non-official or nominated members. The majority of
members in the councils were still appointed by the British authorities, but a
portion of seats was allocated for non-official members, who were appointed by
local governments or elected by certain limited electorates.
Introduction of Portfolio System: The Act introduced a portfolio system in the

executive council of the Viceroy of India (Governor-General). Under this system,
each member of the executive council was assigned specific departments or
portfolios for administration.
Financial Powers: The Act granted limited financial powers to the legislative
councils. While they could discuss the budget and financial matters, their authority
was restricted as the final decision-making power still rested with the executive
council and the Viceroy.
Introduction of Legislation Process: The Act introduced a formal legislative

process for the enactment of laws in British India. Bills had to be introduced,
debated, and passed by the legislative councils before receiving the assent of the
Viceroy. However, the Viceroy still had the power to override the legislative councils
and enact laws through ordinances in cases of urgency or disagreement.
Limited Indian Representation: While the Act allowed for some Indian
representation in the legislative councils, the majority of members remained British
officials or nominees. The representation of Indians was limited, and there were
significant restrictions on who could participate in the councils. Additionally, the
Act did not provide for direct elections by the Indian population but instead relied
on indirect methods of nomination or appointment.

5
Ilbert Bill:
Introduced in 1883 by Sir Courtenay Peregrine Ilbert, the Law Member of the
Viceroy's Council.
The bill aimed to address disparities in the legal jurisdiction of British and Indian
magistrates.
The Ilbert Bill sought to grant Indian magistrates the authority to preside
over cases involving British subjects.
It proposed that Indian magistrates could hear cases involving both Indians
and Europeans.
The bill also aimed to abolish the existing practice of allowing British
defendants to request trial by jury instead of trial by magistrates, which
often led to further discrimination against Indians.
It faced strong opposition from the European and British communities in India,
particularly the Anglo-Indian community.
They perceived it as a threat to their privileges and racial superiority.
They feared that the bill would undermine their social status and expose
them to the authority of Indian magistrates, whom they considered inferior.
There was a widespread outcry against the bill, with protests, petitions, and
lobbying efforts organized by European British residents.
The British government, due to the strong opposition, amended the Ilbert Bill to
appease the European British community.
The amendments significantly diluted the original provisions of the bill.
Instead of granting Indian magistrates jurisdiction over cases involving
British subjects, the revised bill limited their jurisdiction to cases involving
Indian defendants only.

6
Charter Act (1833): The lease of 20 years to the Company was further extended.
Territories of India were to be governed in the name of the Crown. The Company’s
monopoly over trade with China and in tea also ended. All restrictions on European
immigration and the acquisition of property in India were lifted. The governor-
general was given the power to superintend, control, and direct all civil and
military affairs of the Company. Bengal, Madras, Bombay, and all other territories
were placed under complete control of the governor-general. All revenues were to
be raised under the authority of the governor-general who would have complete
control over the expenditure too. The Governments of Madras and Bombay were
drastically deprived of their legislative powers. A law member was added to the
governor general’s council for professional advice on law-making. Indian laws
were to be codified and consolidated.

7
Government of India Act of 1935
Key Features:
Provincial Autonomy: The 1935 Act introduced provincial autonomy. It also provided
for the establishment of autonomous legislative assemblies in the provinces. Diarchy
at the provincial level was abolished.
All-India Federation: The establishment of an All-India Federation was provided for

in this act, including both British Indian provinces and the Princely States. It never
came to fruition due to the Princely States’ resistance to the scheme.
Separation of Powers: Separation of power between the central and provincial

governments was also introduced in this act. Three lists, federal, provincial and
concurrent, were instituted. Subjects in the federal list were to be administered by the
central government, while provincial subjects, under the provincial list, were to be
under the control of provincial governments. Concurrent subjects were those that
both levels of government could legislate on.
Franchise and Representation: The Act expanded the franchise, increasing the
number of eligible voters. However, it also introduced separate electorates based on
religion, which further entrenched communal divisions in Indian politics.
Governor-General and Executive Council: The Act retained the position of Governor-
General as the head of the central government in India. It also provided for the
establishment of an Executive Council to assist the Governor-General in the
administration of British India. The post of Secretary of State was abolished.
Federal Court & FPSC: The Act also provided for the establishment of a Federal Court
and a Federal Public Service Commission.

8
Government of India Act (1919)

The Government of India Act, 1919 was based on the Montagu-Chelmsford
Report.The Secretary of State for India, Edwin Montagu, and the Viceroy of India,
Lord Chelmsford, were tasked with formulating the reforms through consultations
with Indian political leaders. It was introduced as a response to growing demands
for constitutional reforms and increased Indian participation in governance after
World War I.
Key Provisions:
Introduction of Dyarchy: The principle of dyarchy was introduced which
divided the subjects of administration into two categories: transferred and
reserved.
Transferred subjects were to be administered by Indian ministers
responsible to the legislative councils.
Reserved subjects remained under the control of British-appointed officials,
including the Governor-General and his Executive Council.
Expansion of Legislative Councils: The Act expanded the size and scope of the
legislative councils at both the central and provincial levels.
It increased the number of elected Indian members in the Imperial
Legislative Council (central legislature) and introduced indirect elections for
certain seats.
Provincial legislative councils were also expanded and given more
legislative powers.
Separate Electorates: The Act retained the provision for separate electorates,
allowing Muslims and other minorities to vote for candidates from their own
communities.
Devolution of Power to Provinces: The Act provided for the devolution of some
administrative powers to the provinces, allowing for a degree of provincial
autonomy.
Reform of Executive Councils: The Act reformed the composition of the
Executive Councils at the central and provincial levels, providing for the
inclusion of Indian members.
Establishment of Public Service Commission: The Act established a Public
Service Commission to oversee the recruitment and selection of civil servants,
aiming to ensure a fairer and more merit-based system.

9
The Government of India Act provided for provincial elections. After intense debates
and discussions, the Congress decided to contest the elections. It performed well,
forming ministries in 8 out of 11 provinces (Bombay, Madras, Central Provinces, Orissa,
United Provinces, Bihar, and later in the NWFP and Assam). It did not form Ministries in
Punjab, Sindh and Bengal.
10
Refer to explanation in Q.1

The signing of the Government of India Act 1935. (ANI)

11
Lord Cornwallis (1786-1793):
He was responsible for organising a

regular police force in India. He
modernised the old Indian system of
thanas (circles) in a district under a
daroga (an Indian) and a
superintendent of police (SP) at the
head of a district. He relieved the
zamindars of their police duties.

12
Lord Ripon (1880–84):
Repeal of the Vernacular Press Act (1882).

The first Factory Act (1881) to improve labour
conditions.
Continuation of financial decentralisation.
Government resolution on local self-government
(1882).
Appointment of Education Commission under the
chairmanship of Sir William Hunter (1882).
The Ilbert Bill controversy (1883–84).
13

14
14 India and other territories. Abolished the East India Company's monopoly on trade
Act of 1858: Enacted in the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, which prompted
the British government to take direct control of India from the East India Company.
Transferred the governance of India from the East India Company to the British
Crown, marking the end of the company's rule. Established the British Raj, with India
directly governed by the British government through a Viceroy and British-appointed
officials. Introduced paramountcy, asserting the ultimate authority of the British
Crown over the princely states.

15
Rowlatt Act
Officially known as the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919. It was a
controversial piece of legislation passed by the British colonial authorities in India
during the aftermath of World War I.
Background:
The Rowlatt Act was enacted in response to the political unrest and
nationalist agitation that had been growing in India, particularly in the wake
of the First World War.
The British government in India, led by the British Governor-General Lord
Chelmsford, sought measures to suppress perceived threats to British rule
and maintain order.
Key Provisions:
The Rowlatt Act granted the British authorities in India sweeping powers to
arrest and detain individuals suspected of engaging in seditious activities
or promoting anti-government sentiments.
It allowed for the indefinite detention without trial of individuals accused of
sedition, conspiracy, or promoting rebellion against British rule.
The Act also restricted freedom of speech and assembly, enabling the
authorities to prohibit public gatherings and censor publications deemed
subversive.
Opposition and Protests:
The Rowlatt Act sparked widespread opposition and protests across India,
with various political parties, social groups, and leaders condemning it as
draconian and repressive.
Mahatma Gandhi, who had emerged as a prominent leader of the Indian
National Congress (INC), led the opposition to the Act and called for
nationwide protests and non-cooperation with British authorities.

16
- Lord Chelmsford, born Frederic Thesiger, was

a British colonial administrator and military
officer.
- He served as Governor of Queensland,
Australia, from 1905 to 1909.
- Chelmsford was appointed as Viceroy of India
in 1916 during World War I.
- He faced challenges during his tenure,
including the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in
1919.
- Chelmsford's administration saw the
implementation of the Montagu-Chelmsford
Reforms, aiming for greater Indian participation
in governance.
- He was criticized for his handling of the
Afghan War of 1919–1920.
- Chelmsford resigned from his position as
Viceroy in 1921.
- He later served as Governor of New South
Wales, Australia, from 1925 to 1930.
- Chelmsford died in 1933.

17
Instruments of Instructions provided for in the Government of India Act (1935) have
been incorporated in the Indian Constitution as the Directive Principles of State Policy.
18
Refer to explanation in Q.5

19
Enacted in the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, which prompted the British
government to take direct control of India from the East India Company. Transferred
the governance of India from the East India Company to the British Crown, marking
the end of the company's rule. Established the British Raj, with India directly governed
by the British government through a Viceroy and British-appointed officials.
Introduced paramountcy, asserting the ultimate authority of the British Crown over
the princely states.

20
India and other territories. Abolished the East India Company's monopoly on trade

21
Charter Act (1833): The lease of 20 years to the Company was further extended.
Territories of India were to be governed in the name of the Crown. The Company’s
monopoly over trade with China and in tea also ended. All restrictions on European
immigration and the acquisition of property in India were lifted. The governor-
general was given the power to superintend, control, and direct all civil and
military affairs of the Company. Bengal, Madras, Bombay, and all other territories
were placed under complete control of the governor-general. All revenues were to
be raised under the authority of the governor-general who would have complete
control over the expenditure too. The Governments of Madras and Bombay were
drastically deprived of their legislative powers. A law member was added to the
governor general’s council for professional advice on law-making. Indian laws
were to be codified and consolidated.

Places in News PYQs
Berber: One of the oldest languages spoken

in Algeria. Berber speakers are spread
across different countries. It is a major
language in Morocco and Algeria. Other
countries/regions where Berber is spoken
include Libya, Tunisia, northern Mali, western
and northern Niger, northern Burkina Faso
and Mauritania and the Siwa Oasis of Egypt.
Basque, known as "Euskara," is a unique language isolate, meaning it is not

related to any other language in the world. Basque speakers are those who speak
the Basque language as their native or primary language. In Spain, the Basque
Autonomous Community (Euskadi) and parts of Navarre are the main areas
where Basque is spoken.
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3
First Liberian Civil War (1989-1997):

The First Liberian Civil War was sparked by the rebellion led by Charles Taylor's
National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL) against the government of President
Samuel Doe.
Charles Taylor, a former government official, launched the rebellion from
neighboring Ivory Coast, with the goal of overthrowing President Doe's regime,
which was accused of corruption and human rights abuses.
The conflict quickly escalated into a brutal civil war characterized by widespread
violence, ethnic tensions, and atrocities committed by various factions.
Multiple armed groups, including the NPFL, as well as other rebel factions such as
the United Liberation Movement of Liberia for Democracy (ULIMO), fought for control
over territory and resources.
The conflict led to the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Liberians,
widespread destruction of infrastructure, and significant loss of life.
The war came to an end in 1997 when Charles Taylor emerged victorious and was
elected as President of Liberia in controversial elections held under international
scrutiny.
Second Liberian Civil War (1999-2003):

The Second Liberian Civil War erupted in 1999, just two years after Charles Taylor's
election as president, driven by grievances against his government and
dissatisfaction with his rule.
Rebel groups, particularly the Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy
(LURD) and the Movement for Democracy in Liberia (MODEL), emerged to challenge
Taylor's authority and control.
The conflict quickly escalated into a protracted civil war, marked by widespread
violence, human rights abuses, and displacement of civilians.
International efforts to mediate and resolve the conflict were largely unsuccessful,
and the conflict continued to escalate, drawing in regional actors and
exacerbating instability in the region.
The war came to an end in 2003 when Charles Taylor stepped down from the
presidency and went into exile, following mounting pressure from rebel forces and
international actors.
A transitional government was established, and peace negotiations led to the
signing of the Accra Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2003, paving the way for
the end of the conflict and the deployment of a United Nations peacekeeping
mission.
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4
The separatist movement in Chechnya refers to the long-standing struggle for

independence and self-determination by the Chechen people, primarily against
the Russian government.
Cannes is a city located on the French Riviera in the Alpes-Maritimes department

of France. It is renowned worldwide for its glamorous film festival, but it is also a
popular tourist destination known for its beautiful beaches, luxurious hotels, and
vibrant cultural scene
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6
1. Kakinada: Bio-diesel plant

2. Dundigal: IAF Academy
3. Margao: Skybus Metro rail test run
4. Bhadrachalam: ITC Paper Board Unit
The Sahariyas are an indigenous tribal community primarily residing in the state
of Rajasthan, India. They are predominantly found in the districts of Baran, Kota,
and Bundi in southeastern Rajasthan, particularly in the Sahariya Belt region.
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23
Major Tribes
Andhra Pradesh
1. Koyas: The Koya tribe is one of the largest tribal communities in Andhra
Pradesh. They primarily inhabit the hilly and forested regions of the state.
2. Kondareddis: The Kondareddis are an indigenous tribal group found mainly in
the district
3. Savaras: The Savaras are an Adivasi tribe residing in the hilly regions of
Visakhapatnam and Srikakulam districts of Andhra Pradesh.
Telangana
1. Gond: The Gond tribe is one of the largest indigenous communities in
Telangana. They have a significant presence in the forested areas of the state.
2. Kolam: The Kolam tribe is predominantly found in the northern districts of
Telangana, particularly Adilabad and Karimnagar.
3. Lambadi/Banjara: The Lambadi or Banjara community is a nomadic tribe
known for its distinct culture and lifestyle. They are scattered across various
parts of Telangana.
Odisha:
1. Santhal: The Santhal tribe is one of the largest indigenous communities in
Odisha. They are mainly concentrated in the districts of Mayurbhanj, Keonjhar,
and Sundargarh.
2. Juang: The Juang tribe inhabits the hilly regions of Keonjhar and Dhenkanal
districts in Odisha. They are known for their unique cultural practices and
traditional lifestyle.
3. Bondas: The Bondas are an isolated tribal group residing in the remote areas
of Malkangiri district in southern Odisha.
Assam:
1. Bodos: The Bodo tribe is one of the largest ethnic groups in Assam. They
primarily inhabit the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) and adjoining areas.
2. Karbi: The Karbi tribe is one of the major indigenous communities in Assam.
They are primarily concentrated in the Karbi Anglong district of the state.
3. Mishing: The Mishing tribe, also known as Miri, is found mainly in the riverine
areas of Assam, particularly in the districts of Dhemaji, Lakhimpur, and Majuli.
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24
Gond tribe
Bodo tribe
8
In news for widespread incidences of starvations and famine
Stilwell Road:
Also known as Ledo Road.
Built during WWII.
Connects Ledo in India and Kunming in China

via Myanmar
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10
Dadaab Refugee Camp: It is a

complex of refugee camps located in
eastern Kenya, near the border with
Somalia. It is one of the largest
refugee camps in the world and has
been in existence since the early
1990s. It was established In 1991.
Established for providing asylum to
Somali refugees fleeing the 1991
Somali Civil War.
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11
Donbas: Ukraine
12
Kachin: Myanmar
Tigray: Ethiopia
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27
13
African countries such as Mali, Chad, Guinea, Sudan and Burkina Faso recently
experienced successful coups.
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28
PYQs on International Awards
1
The Ramon Magsaysay Award is an
annual award established to perpetuate
former Philippine President Ramon
Magsaysay's example of integrity in
governance, courageous service to the
people, and pragmatic idealism within a
democratic society. The prize was
established in April 1957 by the trustees
of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund based in
New York City with the concurrence of
Sandeep Pandey the Philippine government. It is often
PYQ 2003 | @CSEWhy called the "Nobel Prize of Asia".
Won the Ramon Magsaysay Award in 2002
Returned the award in 2024 in protest of the

US involvement in the Gaza War
hy
W
2
SE
@C
PYQ 2004 | @CSEWhy
Shantha Sinha
Ex. Chair of NC for Protection of Child Rights
Ramon Magsaysay Award in 2003
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29
hy
3
CSEW
@
3/ Val Barker Cup
PYQ 2007 | @CSEWhy
Awarded for Boxing

Named after British Boxer–Val Barker
hy
EW
CS
@ PYQ 2008 | @CSEWhy
Pulitzer Prize
1. Award administered by the Columbia

University (Only US citizens eligible to
enter the Books, Drama, and Music
categories )
2. Exception—History
3. Journalism categories not restricted
by nationality—work must’ve
appeared in a US publication
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30
5
hy
EW
CS
The Crystal Award is presented at Davos each year by the Chair of the World Arts
Forum. The cultural leaders receiving the 2023 Crystal Award are bridge-builders.
They connect us to each other, they help us reflect on the human condition and
they provide visions of the world that can cut through the limitations of short-
term or linear thinking.
On the occasion of the 29th Annual Crystal Award, we are delighted to celebrate
the leadership of architect Maya Lin, soprano Renée Fleming and actor,
filmmaker and humanitarian, Idris Elba, and actor, model and humanitarian
Sabrina Elba.
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31
6
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2021 | @CSEWhy
Laureus World Sports Award

Instituted–2000
Mostly won by tennis players
Federer—recipient of the most no. of awards
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32
PYQs on Africa
hy
EW
CS
Lake Victoria
One of the African Great Lakes
Africa's largest lake by area
World's largest tropical lake,
Burundi Civil War

Lasted from 1993 to 2005 PYQ 2002 | @CSEWhy
Conflict b/w Hutui & Tutsi tribes
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33
3
h y
E W
C S
PYQs on Africa
@
PYQ 2005 | @CSEWhy
Pretoria: Administrative Capital

Cape Town: Legislative capital
Bloemfontein: Judicial Capital
PYQ 2005 | @CSEWhy
Africa: Second largest continent

Europe: Second smallest continent
North America>South America (area-wise)
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34
hy
5
SEW
@C PYQ 2007 | @CSEWhy
Tshwane Declaration
India-SA
hy
W
6
SE
C
Code:
a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
@
b) Both A and R are individually true and R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
PYQ 2007 | @CSEWhy
Major tea-producing African countries—

Kenya
Malawi
Tanzania
Zimbabwe
South Africa.

35
7
hy
EW
CS
Dadaab
Refugee camp estd. In 1991
For—Somali refugees fleeing the
1991 Somali Civil War
8
hy
EW
CS
Ogaden
Historical name for Modern Somali Region
Covers eastern Ethiopia—border with Somalia

36
hy
EW
CS
@
hy
EW
CS
@

37
PYQs on Africa
9
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2016 | @CSEWhy
India-Africa Summit
First Summit—during Manmohan Singh’s time
Summits till now (year);
2008
2011
2015
PYQ 2022 | @CSEWhy

38
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10

39
11
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2022 | @CSEWhy
Dadaab Refugee Camp:
It is a complex of refugee camps located in eastern Kenya, near the border with
Somalia. It is one of the largest refugee camps in the world and has been in
existence since the early 1990s. It was established In 1991. Established to provide
asylum to Somali refugees fleeing the 1991 Somali Civil War.
Kakuma Refugee Camp is located in northwestern Kenya.

Bidibidi Refugee Camp is located in Uganda

40
12
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2022 | @CSEWhy

41
13
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2022 | @CSEWhy
14
y
Congo Basin: 6 countries
SEWh • Gabon
@C
• Cameroon
• Eq. Guinea
• Congo & DRC
• Central African Republic

42
PYQs on Africa
15
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2023 | @CSEWhy
The largest producer of cobalt is the Democratic Republic of Congo. Accounting

for nearly 70% of the world’s total production.

43
16
Somalia has been suffering from decades of

civil strife and food shortages and was in
news recently for the most recent severe
famine in 2023.

44
17 Donbas: Ukraine
h
Kachin: Myanmar
W
Tigray: Ethiopia
SE
C
@ y
PYQ 2023 | @CSEWhy

45
PYQs on Africa
18
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2023 | @CSEWhy
African countries such as Mali, Chad, Guinea, Sudan and Burkina Faso recently
experienced successful coups.

46
PYQs on Courts
7/ 2010
SC advises the President on matters of law/fact—only at his request.
1/ 2001
Article 143–President seeking SC’s advice.
2/ 2002
Salaries and Allowances of HC Judges—Consolidated Fund of the States.
Pension—Consolidated Fund of India
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and YouTube
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1
47
3
5/ 2005
The Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is enlarged by the Parliament under

Article 138.
The Officers and Servants of the Supreme Court and the Courts are appointed
by the concerned Chief Justices. The administrative expenses are charged on
the Consolidated Fund of India (for the Supreme Court) and Consolidated Fund
of the State (for High Courts).
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and YouTube
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1
48
Highest criminal court of the district—Court of District and Sessions Judge
District judges are appointed by the Governor on the advice/consultation

with the High Court.
Eligibility for Appointment as a District Judge:
Should have been an advocate or a pleader of seven years’ standing or

more or;
Should have been an officer in Judicial Service of the Union or the State.
5/ 2005
The Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is enlarged by the Parliament under
Article 138.
The Officers and Servants of the Supreme Court and the Courts are appointed
by the concerned Chief Justices. The administrative expenses are charged on
the Consolidated Fund of India (for the Supreme Court) and Consolidated Fund
of the State (for High Courts).
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and YouTube
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1
49
6
A permanent HC Judge can plead or act in SC and/or other HCs
7/ 2010
SC advises the President on matters of law/fact—only at his request.
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1
50
8
Exclusive Original Jurisdiction of the SC

Any dispute between the GoI and one or more States
B/w GoI and any State or States on one side and one or more States on the other
Between two or more States
9/ 2014
The power to increase the number of judges in the Supreme Court of Indis is
vested in the Parliament.
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and YouTube
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1
51
10
Powers of High Courts to review their judgements are not equal to those of
Supreme Court
11
Contempt in Constitution—
Articles 129 (SC) & 215 (HC)
Parliament—Power to make
laws on Civil and Criminal
Contempt
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1
52
12
Mandamus
Means 'we command"

Directive given to public authority to perform their duty when refused or failed
to do so
• Can be issued against public figure, corporation, tribunal or
Tower court
• Will not lie against a pvt org unless entrusted w/ public duty
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1
53
13
SC in Some Judgments:
Art 335 would limit the reservation policies u/ Art 16(4)
Indira Sawhney Case (1993)
M. Nagraj vs. UoI Case (2006)
Efficiency of Administration—not defined in Article 335
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1
54
PYQs on Preamble; Keywords; Concepts
1/ Economic Justice—Preamble and DPSP
DPSP—Article 38
2/ Liberty
Thought, Expression, Faith, Belief &

Worship✅
Economic ❌
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1
55
3
SC in Berubari Union case—
“Preamble is the key to open the mind of the makers”
John Locke in his The Second Treatise of Civil Government—
“...where there is no law, there is no freedom: for liberty is, to be free from
restraint and violence from others”
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1
56
5
Liberty as enshrined in the Constitution is qualified and not absolute. In the

context of polity, it means the opportunity to develop oneself fully.
Envisaged and born in different contexts and times, Gandhism and Marxism
share certain common features such as:
The final goal of a stateless society

Anti-capitalism
Emphasis on social justice
Anti-impearalism and colonialism
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1
57
7
The Preamble is a part of the constitution but has not legal effect
independently of other parts
The words Socialist and Secular were added by the 42nd Constitutional
Amendment in 1976
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1
58
9
Part IV of the Constitution contains the Directive Principles of State Policy

(Articles 36-51).
Article 50 specifically talks about the separation of powers.
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1
59
PYQs on Tribes
PYQ 2000 | @CSEWhy
2000
Madhya Pradesh is the state with the

largest number of seats reserved for
Scheduled Tribes in Lok Sabha.
PYQ 2000 | @CSEWhy
The Korba tribe lives on the Jharkhand-

Chhattisgarh border.
Kodagu is a district in Karnataka.
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and YouTube
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1
60
3
hy
SEW
@C PYQ 2002 | @CSEWhy
After the grant of Diwani in

1765, Khasis were the first
mountain tribes to come in
contact with the British.
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1
61
4
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2014 | @CSEWhy
The Changpa community is found

in the region of Ladakh and not
Uttarakhand.
y
It is the Ministry of Tribal Affairs
h
and not the Ministry of
W
Environment, Forest and Climate
E
Change that officially declares
CS the Habitat Rights for Primitive

and Vulnerable Tribal Groups in
@
any part of India.
PYQ 2018 | @CSEWhy
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and YouTube
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1
62
PYQs on Sports
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2001 | @CSEWhy
Anjali Vedhpathak: Rifle Shooting
Mouma Das: Table Tennis
Neelam Singh: Athletics
Tumpa Debnath: Gymnastics
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and YouTube
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1
63
2
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2004 | @CSEWhy
Shikha Tandon: Swimming

Ignace Tirkey: Hockey
Pankaj Advani: Snooker
Rohan Bopanna: Lawn Tennis

3
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2005 | @CSEWhy
Grout: Cricket
Eusebio: Football
Laver: Tennis
Spitz: Swimming

4
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2007 | @CSEWhy
Val Barker Cup

Awarded for Boxing
Named after British Boxer–Val Barker

5
PYQ 2021 | @CSEWhy
Instituted–2000
Mostly won by tennis players
Federer—recipient of the most no.
of awards

6
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2021 | @CSEWhy
6/ ICC World Test Championship

Finalists decided by points and not no. of matches
NZ ranked ahead of Eng—More points and not wins

7

8

PYQs on Articles
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2009 | @CSEWhy
State Advocate General
Article 165: The Governor appoints an Advocate General of State (who is qualified to
be an HC Judge)
Original jurisdiction under Article 225 & Appellate under Articles 132 to 134
Note: HC Do not have advisory jurisdiction (Constitutionally)

2
Article 143:
y
SC–advice to President
h
Only if advice sought by the President
Covered under Advisory Jurisdiction
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2010 | @CSEWhy
y
3
Wh
SE
@C

4
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2012 | @CSEWhy
As per the Indian Constitution, it is the duty of the President to cause to be laid before
the Parliament
The Recommendations of the Union Finance Commission

The Report of the Comptroller and Auditor General
The Report of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes

5
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2013 | @CSEWhy
Article 76 of the Indian Constitution mentions of the Attorney General of India (AGI).
The Attorney General of India can take part in the proceedings of the Lok Sabha
He/she can be a member of a committee of the Lok Sabha
He/she can speak in the Lok Sabha
However, the AGI cannot vote in the Lok Sabha

6
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2013 | @CSEWhy
Article 253: Parliament has power to make any law for the whole or any part of the
territory of India for implementing any treaty, agreement or convention with any
other country or countries or any decision made at any international conference,
association or other body.
7 Article 51 (Directive Principles of
y
State Policy)
h
The State shall endeavour to—
W
(a) promote international peace
E
and security;
S
(b) maintain just and honourable
C
relations between nations;
(c) foster respect for
@
international law and treaty
obligations in the dealings of
organised peoples
with one another; and
(d) encourage settlement of
international disputes by
arbitration.
PYQ 2014 | @CSEWhy

8
hy
EW
CS
@
PYQ 2014 | @CSEWhy
Discretionary Powers of Governor
Constitutional:
Reserve Bills for the President’s consideration.
Recommending President Rule in states.
Situational:
Appointing the Chief Minister in the event when no party has the majority

y
9
Wh
SE
@C
PYQ 2014 | @CSEWhy
The power to increase the number of judges in the Supreme Court of India is vested
in the Parliament. (Article 124)

Thematic PYQs Final

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Thematic PYQs Final

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ISSUE 01 2000-2023

In this course, I came across multiple Qs on repeated themes from 2000-2023

Any questions? Write to me at whycse@gmail.com

01 British Acts and Policies Pg. 1

02 Places in news Pg. 20

03 International Awards Pg. 29

Government of India Act of 1935

Franchise and Representation:

Governor-General & Executive Council:

Federal Court & FPSC:

Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 1

Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 2

Indian Councils Act (1861)

Expansion of Legislative Councils: The Act expanded the legislative councils in

Introduction of Portfolio System: The Act introduced a portfolio system in the

Introduction of Legislation Process: The Act introduced a formal legislative

Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 4

Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 5

Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 6

Government of India Act of 1935

All-India Federation: The establishment of an All-India Federation was provided for

Separation of Powers: Separation of power between the central and provincial

Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 7

Government of India Act (1919)

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Refer to explanation in Q.1

Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 9

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Lord Cornwallis (1786-1793):

He was responsible for organising a

Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 11

Lord Ripon (1880–84):

Repeal of the Vernacular Press Act (1882).

Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 12

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- Lord Chelmsford, born Frederic Thesiger, was

Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 15

Refer to explanation in Q.5

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Follow @CSEWhy on Telegram, Twitter and YouTube 19

Berber: One of the oldest languages spoken

Basque, known as "Euskara," is a unique language isolate, meaning it is not

First Liberian Civil War (1989-1997):

Second Liberian Civil War (1999-2003):

The separatist movement in Chechnya refers to the long-standing struggle for

Cannes is a city located on the French Riviera in the Alpes-Maritimes department

1. Kakinada: Bio-diesel plant

In news for widespread incidences of starvations and famine

Also known as Ledo Road.

Built during WWII.

Connects Ledo in India and Kunming in China

Dadaab Refugee Camp: It is a

Won the Ramon Magsaysay Award in 2002

Returned the award in 2024 in protest of the

Awarded for Boxing

1. Award administered by the Columbia

Laureus World Sports Award

Burundi Civil War

Pretoria: Administrative Capital

PYQ 2005 | @CSEWhy

Africa: Second largest continent