. _ CHAPTER 2 Algebraic techniques nc tec uy cra UNIT 1: Algebraic expressions Pages QuESTON 1 Write algebraic expressions for the following a Thesumofa and b b> The product of x and y = © The square of m= The square root of p = The sum of Tx and 2y = The cube of k= ete g The square of Sx i The number 3x divided by 7 The difference between 8p and 3: Nine times the square of a = Quesnion 2 Write the algebraic expressions for the following. a The cost of mpens at Sd each= The number of minutes in T hours Ifxis an odd number, the next odd number after x = _ The distance travelled by a person at k km/h in h hours = The perimeter of a square of side length fem =. Question 3. Write an algebraic expression for each of the following, using grouping symbols if necessary, a Double k and divide the result by 15 b_ Multiply 34 and 9b and to this result add 7 Bight times the sum of Sx and Iy Add 14 to 3x and multiply the result by 9 € The product of a and 26 + 3c subtracted from 9x Question 4 Write an algebraic expression for the following. a 2xis divided by 3y and z is added to it b_ The number of metres in k kilometres ¢ The number of km in M metres d_ The number of grams in ¥ kilograms € The number of millimetres in x metres £ The number of hours in s seconds Quision 5 Explain the difference between each pair of algebraic expressions. Then find the value of each when m= 3and n=5 am and 2m bm and 3m © 2m and Qn)? 3 a yrands 5 © mn and mn? £m +r? and (m+ ny Chapier2: Algebralc techniques 15 (© Pascal Prose ISBN 9781 740200349 Excol Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques UNIT 2: Addition and subtraction in Q Add the following expressions. a b © a e £ & Sab + 10ab + 2ab h i 6p +3p+9p= i Kk 15a + 6a + 2a? 1 Subtract the following expressions b © a fe 1Sr-4r~Sr= f g h i 12p-3p-p-2p= j Kk 8y-3y-y-y= 1 Question 3. Simplify the following expressions a 10a+Sa—4a= b © l6a—4a+ 124-8 a e Sp'+ Tp? =p? 2p?= f g 9+ TH+ 6F- 151 h i 4m — 3m + 8m? — m= i Kk 9x—3x¢2e—x 1 SION 4 Simplify the following. a 8a+3b —Satb= b © 18a? + 9a* — Sb b d © 6a+9b+3b ~Sa= £ g 4+ Sx—6y—3y= h i 16ab? + 30° — ab* — 20% j ION 5 Simplify the following expressions a 2S 12k + 8-7 b © 1Sa+7b~8a a e 20r+4y—6x—2y= f & 1Sp+8p-9q= h i drs 10-6r-12= 16 (© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 740200349 © algebra Tet Ue 20x + lax + 3x Sa+7a+9a= Tmn + 2mn+ mn Be +O +38 = Sn 8n4 10n+n= 9x 8r= 10m ~ 3m—m Try — Day —ay= 16n—4n—n—2n= 10a 9x— Tx De 3x= 2a? a 4a? = by adding or subtracting. Tr 8x 3x6 8mn—3mn + 2mn = 6ab + Sab 1a +7a—a—2a= lor+ 81—71— Tab —ab= Sin + 6nm ~ Smn = 16x + 4x— Sy +. Ty= 14m + $n —3m—2 8m + 3n—2n—6m-= 9p+14-p-4 9x + 3x—2y—6y= Be + Tt —9) 9m + 4n—6m Sab + 3ba + 9ab— ab= Axy + 9yz— 3yx— Bey = Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Year 9 Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Excl Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques UNIT 3: Multiplication of pronumerals Question 1 Simplify the following. a Sx3a= b TxSy= © 9x8r= @ 15x2b= i tis © px6r= f 4x 1sy= 2 1 g ¥x25a= ho 3x 1009= i 6ax7b= j 9xx ISy= Question 2 Simplify the following expressions. a 4x8y= bo 3x leab= © 10x (8a) = ad 8x(Sa)= © -Sx6r= f 3x 1sy= g -2x9y= h -7x3ab= i 6x 1Sab j 2x 184b= Question 3 Simplify the following expressions. a Smx8im= b 94x Tab = © 6x3xdb= d Gry x ex -y= e Saxba= f 3abx2axb= g mnx Sn ho 4x (1a) = i Tabe x a= j 4x Cab) = Question 4 Simplify the following. a Qax3a= b Sax-2ax-a= © Sex 2ex 3x e 3ax2ax-a= & Sxyx-2ex y= i 8ax2ax-a Question 5 a -4yx3y= © (Sa) x (3) x -2y) = © Smnx—Tm= g 64x (-9a)= ‘Chapter 2: Algebraic techniques (© Pascal Prose ISBN 978 1 740200349 d3mnx2mx-4= £ &xyx IS= bh (3a) x (-Sa) = jo -2ex Ca) x C30) Simplify the following expressions. b Gab x -2ab x 0= do ex 3xxSy= (28) x (-5) x (39) = bh (-8ab) x (7a) 17 Excl Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques UNIT 4: Division of pronumerals Divide the following, © b l6r'y+2n 4 36ab + 9 f Srs4= ho -1Sabe+-3a= jo 18a? +3a= 1ON 2 Simplify the following divisions. a -12ab sat = b -Bas4= © Boxy tx 36mm + 12m = e -1Sr=3r= f -as2a= g xy +-3r= he -20mn +~2n i -1Sab+-Sa= jo Boxy says ‘QuesioN 3 Simplify the following divisions. a 28x +7. b -32rz-8= © Sab +—3a=. @ 2y+-21= © 60m + —10m = f -15x + 5x g 8a=(4)= hh -21xy*s6r= i ASxy +5 J “Wane += Quesion 4 Simplify the following, a 18pq+6pq= b 1Oxy = (-10xy) = © d 1Sab + 36+ 5a e f 3a?+7a+ 8 ho mnp=mp+n= i J l6r'y=8xy= simplify the following expressions. a 28r+7x+4= Babe +3a+b= © 2lpq+1p+3q= (Sb)? + 256 = 20x + 10r+ g yey 18 (© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 740200349 b a t h I8xy + 3x5, S6a* + 9a Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Year 9 Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Excl Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques UNIT 5: Multiplication and division in algebra oe Quesnon 1 Multiply the following. a Sx4x= b oxx4 © 4nyx Sx ad 9yxy= © -6mx3n= £ 2px3q= B64? x Sa= h 9x x (28)= i Sab x (-4ba) = jo 2x 4ex-3y= k Gy)xG2)= 1 Question 2 Divide the following expressions. a idee 7= b 18y+6y= © 1or+10= 4d 36mn-+9m= e 12ab + ab= f 2749 g yee h 48a +6a i Qyeeay= i USxys-3e= k Rab +a = 1 ~64abe + 166 = Quesnon 3° Work out the following divisions. a 36ab + (—4a) = b 12xy + (C12xy) = mn? = mn +m do 18xy+2x= © dah? + Tabe = f 2re8rex= g@ 40x°y? + 10xy + 2y= hh 26abe + ae +26= i 21+14ab= Quesnon 4 a Sx 3kx 2hy Simplify the following expressions. © 14xx3x2x= e [8xysxyF 18 g &xx9ye3x= i a@bxab= Quesnon 5 Simplify the following. ay x Bye Fax = © 9x-3x2x eda! 4a x 2a= lox x Sy a (ay? « (50) ‘Aoab ‘Chapter 2: Algebraic techniques (© Pascal Prose ISBN 978 1 740200349 J 2a? + (9a) = 4x x 2y x 325 10x 5x 3x= £ 9mxIn=3n= 42a°bic? + Tabe +2= J Moxy x Se +8; 15am = Sm + 3a 19 Excl Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques Ong UNIT 6: The index laws (1) ‘Pages 18-28 1ON 41 Simplify the following, writing your answer in index form. © axa= fo nxer implity the following. b ext e f @sa= gm emi h im em'= SION 3 Simplify the following. a Srtxxs= b © axa5= dmx Sm? = € BEX TE = £ 5a’ x 8a° gma x min? hoxytxxy? i ey xxy= Simplify, giving answers in index form. byte cd © 161? + Bnt= £360 +90 = boxy axty= i sab = b = © Oy x9 = e 8a! x dat = fo dvxsxa= h 9a? x 8a" i 10psx 8p = Kk ath xa'b= 1 ox 4ey= Quésion 6 Simplify these divisions. a 6a? +3a°= b 36m° = 9m © 2046" + Sa’b* = do 1Sal8+ © 12k + 3k = f 12atb? = 6a'b* = g 48a + 12a" = he 48a 120° i 36x48 ey) J 6m! = ayn? = Ke 18nfnt = 9mint 1 64a'6* + Barb? = 20 Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Year 8 Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook ‘© Pascal Press ISBN 9781 740200349 Excol Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques Recetas tay ts 0 9-8 UNIT 7: The index laws (2) we QuesTON 1. Simplify the following, ( ’ OY e wy h Gxyt= i Quision 2 Simplify these expressions. a 2ay= b 3095 © d Sumy = © 65ers f Baie) = h (4a)'= i i Po7%= k (p= 1 (10a = Question 3 Use index laws to simplify the following a d= b n= evs a y's e Gry= £m) = g = hh 2a°= i Gay Question 4 Simplify the following, a anf = bd (my?= © Bn = dS? x (8m) = e ab= f (ys i 9x8 + 9x8. 1 ph sate © 4Q8'= © ys do (r)'= € 4G8)°= £ yy g @xa= i @x@y= ‘Chapter 2: Algebraic techniques 2 (© Pascal Prose ISBN 9781 740200349 Excol Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques Qe UNIT 8: Combinat Pages 15-28 ns of the index laws Quistion 41 Simplify. Pl Question 2 Simplify. a Gai x a= b Qe xe © @y x Qa = dey x Gy) = © Pg Gg £ (2a)? x (6aby = g GeyFxQy)= bh pig = Apa’ i Gxyt+ 90) 4 (rere)! xin = Ke 96m! 8m 6m? = 112? x 5x5 +2037 m 9a x 6a" x 4a = no388rxSr= 0 (Sas Set= WESTION 3 Simplify. a Sd? x (4a)®= b 8x'x (x= Oy +9yP= @ Gy'= © (ip) (59) = £ Gm) +6= B 8x? (4y)? x Sy" ho 8a? = i 9's (4x 74 Qustion 4 Simplify. . 12m! 18m? 6a) eae beam =—————— [SE] «Gays e t | abst" h i ayer mmtn? x(n) : oa" k 11288 x 5x5 +2007 = 20x x(2x°y) ey’ mor = » 2y xy 22 Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Yoar 9 Mathomatis Extension Revision & Exam Workbook ‘© Pascal Press ISBN 9781 740200349 _Excol Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques UNIT 9: Negative indices with variables Question 1 Write in fractional form. ar b at= © d p= e f snt= g 6xe= h i Gy?= J mrs Kk Qays= 1 Gy)t= Question 2 Write in index form (with a negative index). 1 1 ag b cp a 3 @ eg f gE h 1 i i k loos Quesion 3 Simplify, giving the answer in index form. a exxt= ——___ bb axat= m? xm = d Spx 2p?= ek KAS 8x7 x 2x4 = ge ho atzat= 5 9m = 3m Kk 10n 8 = 2n m 6a?x3a%= 0 on SSS po @bxa%t= gpg xp'g?= Quesnon 4 Simplify, giving each answer in fractional form. ater sob atxa? = d Sp*x2p? =e Bats 2a? = ‘Chapter 2: Algebraic techniques bab 12a = 2a Axe x Det = 23 (© Pascal Prose ISBN 9781 740200349 Excol Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques UNIT 10: Grouping symbols in algebra Question 4 Expand the following expressions. © e 8 i 1Qn4 T= Kk m(m-+ 10) = 1ON 2 Remove the grouping symbols a -2Qa+3)= © +8 © -3Sr+18)= g ert 1D= i -S4r~5)= k 80-10) = ION 3 Expand the following expressions. a 30r-15) « -teh-5= © @Ga+4b)= g @y-6)= i -m@3m? + Sm) Kk ~4x(8r—-1)= estion 4 Expand WSrty— ~Sa(3a~2b + 4c) = 4a(a? + 2ab — 3ac) ke 2r + 38-5) 1ON 5 Expand, But — 58 +2° - 81-7) = » Oo ey? —3ay + 4x1) = ~AalSa° — 4a? + 34-2) = 2ab +c) Baba’ + 6 24 ‘© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 740200349 prac prac zoas prac b a f h © yQy + D= 2a(3a—7) = 3(5n—4) = 5(7 +21) = AGr-2)= -2ar-9) = 3(a~ 14) -2-59= Her-4 @Qa43)= 2yGy+) = 48(5t—8) = —bp3p? +5) 3n(8n? + Tn) = -3Qa + 3b—4e) = (SP 30+4)= 2ab(da’b — bab + 3ab*) 3p(8p - 2g + 3) = a(a + 3b — 90) = 8x —Ty +22) am(Smn — 3m + 2m? ab(at ~ a! + dab — 2a? + Sab!) = m=-1= ~2y(8y? + Ty—2y +6) = Ax(x! +? —2xy—) Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Year 9 Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Excl Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques UNIT 11: Expanding and simplifying algebraic we expressions (1) Quesnon 1 Expand and simplify. a S(x+3)+2x— b 3(a+2)+2a-7 © 7(Q2m—-1)+ 10m-3= d 6a+7~2Qa+4)= e 8 29 45)= f 9x+2Gx—1)+6= g Ste 6 43 H5)= ho Sx-Qx- 14 3r= i 18-22) +4r= j 72m-5)-4m+1= k 8a+7-2(4a-1)= 1 Ie+11-2(r-3)= Question 2 Remove the grouping symbols and simplify. a 5Qa+4)+3= b Ter © 6m+32m—5)= d 9p +28-3p)= © ly +38y-)= £ 6(x-10)+ g 7G—n)-9n= h 9+) i 6a~4Qa~3)= J 25-24x-5)= k 9x-@r-2y+9 1 5t+39-25-8 Question 3 Expand and simplify. a 2e43)44@-)= Safa? ~2a~3)—afa +9) © 3xy@t-y- 7-04 Sm + 3n) — 32m 6n) = 20m + 8) = e 2e 3143) 13 24-1= Ta‘ ~ Sa! + 2a 3a~2(10 ~ Sa + 3a’) = Question 4 Write in simplest form. a Add 2a+ 310 Ta—Sb Add Sx—3y +z to 8x + Sy—3¢ ¢ Find the sum of 2m +3, 9 ~ Sm and m ~ 10 Subtract Sa ~ 7 from 18a ~ 10 © Subtract y?—4y + 6 from 4)*— 1oy +9 From 8? — 51-9 take 5? + 4¢—3 ‘Chapter 2: Algebraic techniques 25 (© Pascal Prose ISBN 9781 740200349 Excol Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques Qe UNIT 12: Expanding and simplifying algebraic Panes expressions (2) Question 1 Expand and simplify. a S(x+3)430r45) b Ma+4)+6(a+1) © 3-1) + 2m—1) ad Sin +2) 431-2) e 2Gr-1) +8+2) £ 4Qx~3) +3243) g A(Sx—2) +54x-1) h 26x +7) -38x+4) i 6(-2x+3)-Sie+4) x(r+2)—3042) k xGx+1)-@-3) 1 aGa~1)-2Ga~1) rm 2x(7x~3)—S(7x—3) Bn 8x(x—2)—x@°-7) © 6x(Sx~3)—Sx(6x-3) P 8(a+b)- 24a +b) 4 9m(2m — 1) - 4m(4m — 3) F 3a°(8a—b) ~ 2a(Sa?—b) sI0N 2 Expand, and simplify where possible. a xy(e 4 y) + Sxyr-y) 1b 6ab(a ~b) — 32a +b) © SuySx+y)- 64x =) d 365-49) -72y+1) © 2mm +2) + 3mnin—4) f (45) x06) B 4x(y—2) + 3y(Gx-2) ho Tx'yQve — y) + Bayley) i 4pq(p*-q)— pe - 4) 4x°Gxt ~ 2) — 8y°Qxy 5) k -3a'(@? — 4) — ata + 3) 1 2uy+x+y)-32r-y) 26 Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Yoar 8 Mathomatics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook ‘© Pascal Press ISBN 9781 740200349 _Excol Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques encarta sure UNIT 13: Substitution Pages 18-29 Question 1 Calculate the value of each expression given that a= ~2, b=3andc=4 aatb= ba tb ee © be @ cta= © a+b t g 3a42b= h i a+dbe3e= ko @b+ba= Question 2 fx = 3, caloulate the value of the following expressions, a 4x= —__________ b x= c a @x-7= e t g ho 4x x Sx= i + 2-2) j 2-¥= k Sx 8r= Loe+4r-6= 1 Quiston 3 Ifx=7 and y= % find the value of a xtys » . Pe el © yey *xy ‘ gy h (a ; pA k Gyr 1 Quisnon 4 Given that x = 8.5, y = 5.2 and z = 64, find, correct to one decimal place, the value of: a xs b © oxy tye a © (+ y)O-y ft g h i i ‘Chapter 2: Algebraic techniques 27 (© Pascal Prose ISBN 9781 740200349 Excol Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &Algebraic techniques UNIT 14: Factorisation using common factors 1ON 1 Factorise the following by taking the a det 16= b © Sx- 25x a & Sab + 25a°b? £ g aha h i Sab = 25pe= k ey-ty= —__________ 1 JON 2 Factorise the following by taking the a 4a - 28= b © 8-325 a © Ry +402 f g = 1ory?= h i lo? + ays Kk 3m = 18m" = 1 1ON 3 Factorise the following. a a(a+2) + bla +.2)= > © 9(x—y) #2aGe—y) = a € x(5-y)-36-y)= f & m(a—b)— nab) h i S(x+8)+y(x+8)= ij Kk mQn—p)—q(2n—p)= 1 10N 4 Factorise each of the following. ame + my me= b © Sm mn + 6mp = a ery - 8x + 36= f g Sa + lSabe— 10a= h i 3a-9ab= 15a K oxy 2ey'+ Sys 28 ‘© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 740200349 © common factor out. 9a - 27> Ja + 2a Tm — 2n'n 1ax'y* — 28r'y 12ab + 15a? = abe ~ 6bed = negative common factor out. 3a - 15 = —l0xy ~ 15y= am = m= 6x? + 12x= “Sx - 9x8 = 9m + 36m! = 3+ y) — abet y) = S(Qa + 3b) —e(2a + 3h) = x(2r—9) +5(2x-9) = 12(¢ +7) - yor +7) = 4a(3b — Se) + 2(3b— Se) 3x(2a ~ Sb) + y*2a ~ 5b) = ac + be +ed= 10a + 25b + 35¢= m= 8mm + 10n= xy Day + xy Sm — 10mn + 20men = loey'et — ay + ays Excel ESSENTIAL SKILLS Year 9 Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Excl Essential Sls Mathematics Extension Revision & Exam Workbook Year &